CN104894323B - A kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material and method - Google Patents
A kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104894323B CN104894323B CN201510287941.2A CN201510287941A CN104894323B CN 104894323 B CN104894323 B CN 104894323B CN 201510287941 A CN201510287941 A CN 201510287941A CN 104894323 B CN104894323 B CN 104894323B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to having the cooling technology field of the material of breathability, there is provided a kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material and method.The ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present invention, by arranging multilamellar feeding plate, and the projection that the material-dropping hole on adjacent feeding plate is vertically gone up is in staggered distribution, so that each height of drop of material is the height of each material feeding chamber, and then solve the problems, such as that height of materials drop is big, pulverization rate is high.On this basis; it is provided with the claw that there is relative motion and material between in blanking interior; under the agitation of claw, material produces and gathers or disjuctive movement; thus the stroke of material is longer under identical altitudes; thus material is fully contacted with cooling gas; cool time is elongated, therefore improves heat exchange efficiency.Additionally, this device is vertically arranged, thus floor space is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to having the cooling technology field of the material of breathability, the air cooling dress of more particularly, to a kind of ventilative material
Put and method, the more specific air-cooling apparatus for being applied to DRI and method.
Background technology
Steel and iron industry is mainstay of the national economy industry, and its energy-output ratio is big, and pollutant discharge amount is also big, to society
While high-quality steel are provided, also significant impact is brought to natural environment.Wherein, iron and steel enterprise's energy consumption and waste discharge master
System for blast furnace ironmaking to be concentrated on, therefore people have carried out the research of a large amount of non-blast furnace ironmaking new technologies, and achieve certain
Progress.Wherein developing the swiftest and the most violent is Direct Reduction Technology and smelting reduction technology.
Wherein, Direct Reduction Technology refers to coal, gas or liquid fuel as the energy and reducing agent, less than fusing temperature
Under degree, reduction of iron ore is become the ironmaking production technique of solid iron, its product is DRI (i.e. DRI, direct
Reduced iron), also referred to as sponge iron.This product, without fusing, still keeps Ore profile, because reduction oxygen loss forms a large amount of gas
Hole, examines under a microscope likeness in form sponge and gains the name.DRI iron-holder is generally more than 90%, and chemical composition stability is miscellaneous
Matter content is low, is not only the succedaneum of steel scrap, even more produces high-quality steel, the indispensable raw material of clean steel.Additionally, steel-making with addition of
DRI is the Main Means controlling, diluting harmful element in steel.Therefore, DRI is to improve steel product quality, increasing
Plus rolling shapes, the development indispensable raw material of the compact flow process of Ferrous Metallurgy.
Cooling is an extremely important link in direct-reduction process for making iron, after direct-reduction ironwork roasting is come out of the stove
Temperature is very high, about 1100 DEG C.Deliver for ensureing that belt function carries out conveying to DRI, 150 DEG C need to be cooled to
Below.Different from general metallurgical product, high-temperature direct reduced iron product, when running into air and water, can produce vigorous oxidation combustion
Burning, the ferrum having restored being become metal-oxide again, thus leading to finished metal rate to be greatly reduced and pulverization rate
It is significantly increased.
The cooling means of DRI has at present:Immersion cooling, the cooling of interior shower water cooling cylinder and outer spray water cooling
Cylinder cooling.Immersion cooling is cooling that DRI soaks in tank, is formed quick-fried in the DRI input water of high temperature
The danger of boiling.Additionally, immersion cooling and the cooling of interior shower water cooling cylinder all exist, and pulverization rate is high, yield rate is low, water content is high
The problems such as need redrying, easily secondary oxidation occur.Outer shower water cooling cylinder cooling is passed through to cool down barrel due to cooling medium
Carry out heat exchange, rate of heat exchange than relatively low, need to consume substantial amounts of cooling water, high energy consumption.And it is based on these three method and technologies
Also all there is the defect leading to based on said method in the chiller of multiple DRIs that personnel propose.And, above-mentioned three
The method of kind all there is a problem of utilizing waste heat.
In view of this, the patent of Application No. 201110346488.X proposes one kind using noble gases by thermopnore
The device being cooled down.The thermopnore that this device sets up multilamellar to turn back in the straight tube of a setting, DRI relies on certainly
Heavy sensation of the body power fold return motion from top to down, noble gases enter cylinder from bottom, discharge from top through after multilamellar thermopnore.This dress
Put DRI height fall big, pulverization rate is higher.
Content of the invention
(1) technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material and method, is easy to material
Waste heat carry out high efficiente callback, and material pulverization rate is low.This ventilative material air-cooling apparatus is applied to the cooling of DRI
When, can be on the basis of material pulverization rate be low, it is to avoid immersion cooling, the cooling of interior shower water cooling cylinder and outer shower water cooling cylinder
The shortcoming that cooling technology exists.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material, including material tower, material
The rotary shaft of rake, rotary drive unit and the axis distribution along described material tower;The top board of described material tower offers charging
Mouth and air vent, offer discharge gate and air inlet on the base plate of described material tower;It is provided with polylith feeding plate in described material tower,
Described material tower edge is longitudinally divided into multiple material feeding chambers by described feeding plate;Material-dropping hole and air holes are offered on described feeding plate, and phase
The projection in the horizontal plane of material-dropping hole on adjacent described feeding plate is in staggered distribution;Each described blanking interior is respectively arranged with just
Described claw in blanking;Described rotary shaft one end connects described rotary drive unit, and the other end extend into inside described material tower
It is connected with described claw.
Preferably, it is provided with sealing unit between the housing of described rotary shaft and described material tower.
Preferably, described sealing unit be liquid seal unit, including be fixedly connected with described material tower and be located at described rotation
The week of rotating shaft annular liquid flume to the periphery, and be fixed in described rotary shaft and the circular seal with the cooperation of described annular liquid flume
Lid.
Preferably, described charging aperture and discharge gate are respectively connected with rotary seal valve.
Preferably, the described material-dropping hole on adjacent described feeding plate is located at center and the outer of described feeding plate respectively
Position.
Preferably, the arranged direction of the claw in adjacent described material feeding chamber is contrary.
Preferably, the indoor claw of each described blanking is distributed on the concentric circular of axle centered on described rotary shaft.
Preferably, described claw is connected with described rotary shaft by connecting rod.
The present invention also provides a kind of air cooling approach of ventilative material, is entered using ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present invention
OK, comprise the following steps:
S1:The blanking that the ventilative material of high temperature is injected by charging aperture in material tower is indoor;Meanwhile, by cooling gas from entering
QI KOU is passed through in material tower so that cooling gas are discharged by air vent after the air holes on feeding plate;
S2:Start rotary drive unit, rotary shaft drives claw to rotate and relatively transports so that existing between claw and material
Dynamic, and then material is entered in next material feeding chamber by the material-dropping hole of arrangement straggly, and discharge eventually through discharge gate;
S3, finally carried out waste heat recovery from air vent expellant gas through dedusting laggard waste heat pot, then by circulated air
Enter gas cooling device after machine pressurization, and the gas after cooling be passed through in the air inlet of described ventilative material air-cooling apparatus,
So circulate.
Preferably, the rotating speed of described rotary shaft is 3-5 rev/min;The described cooling gas being passed through are noble gases.
(3) beneficial effect
Technical scheme has the advantages that:The ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present invention are many by arranging
The projection that material-dropping hole on layer feeding plate, and adjacent feeding plate is vertically gone up is in staggered distribution, so that material is each
Height of drop be each material feeding chamber height, and then solve the problems, such as that height of materials drop is big, pulverization rate is high.
On this basis, blanking interior is provided with the claw that there is relative motion and material between, in the agitation of claw
Lower material produces to be gathered or disjuctive movement, thus the stroke of material is longer under identical altitudes, thus material and cooling gas
Body is fully contacted, and cool time is elongated, therefore improves heat exchange efficiency.Additionally, this device is vertically arranged, thus floor space
Little.
When the ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present invention are used for the cooling of DRI, because the medium of cooling is inertia
Gas, it is to avoid DRI is contacted with air or water in cooling procedure, solving material needs redrying and easily sends out
The problem of raw secondary oxidation.And the noble gases after using can enter waste heat pot and carry out waste heat recovery, solve high temperature directly also
The unrenewable problem of former ferrum.
In the preferred version of the present invention, sealed using liquid seal unit between the shell of rotary shaft and material tower, from
And improve the sealing of device, solve the problems, such as that air penetrates into the secondary oxidation of the DRI bringing in material feeding chamber.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, acceptable
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic at A-A, C-C in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic at B-B in Fig. 1;
In figure:1st, charging aperture;2nd, air vent;3rd, claw;4th, expect tower;5th, air inlet;6th, discharge gate;7th, Double layer rotating sealing
Valve;8th, ground floor feeding plate;9th, second layer feeding plate;10th, third layer feeding plate;11st, material-dropping hole;12nd, air holes;13rd, rotary shaft;
14th, drive motor;15th, liquid seal unit;16th, connecting rod.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.Following examples are used for
The present invention is described, but can not be used for limiting the scope of the present invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that term " " center ", " longitudinal ", " horizontal ", " on ", D score, " perpendicular
Directly ", the orientation of instruction such as " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward " or position relationship are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position
Put relation, be for only for ease of and describe the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply that the device of indication or element are necessary
There is specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.Additionally, term
" first ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or hint relative importance.
Without loss of generality, the present embodiment illustrates taking the air-cooling apparatus being applied to DRI as a example.It should be understood that
, the air-cooling apparatus of the present embodiment can be applicable to the cooling that other has the ventilative materials of background technology relevant issues,
The especially bulk material such as graininess, bulk.
Refer to Fig. 1, the ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present embodiment, including material tower 4, claw 3, rotary drive unit and
Rotary shaft 13 along the axis distribution of described material tower 4;It is provided with polylith feeding plate, described feeding plate will be described in described material tower 4
Material tower 4 is along being longitudinally divided into multiple material feeding chambers.Situation that feeding plate is three layers is only shown it is clear that feeding plate in the application in accompanying drawing
Quantity do not limited by this illustrated case and can be any multilamellar.
In the present embodiment, charging aperture 1 is offered on the top board of material tower 4 and offers discharge gate on the base plate of material tower 4
6.Under the premise of the height not increasing ventilative material air-cooling apparatus, by arranging multilamellar feeding plate, so that DRI
Dropping process segmentation, and then each height of drop of DRI be equal to corresponding material feeding chamber height, it is to avoid direct-reduction
The problem that ferrum height fall is big, pulverization rate is high.DRI, after charging aperture 1 enters the material feeding chamber of pan feeding tower 4 the top, leads to
The material-dropping hole 11 crossing setting on feeding plate falls in next layer of material feeding chamber, and eventually through discharge gate 6 discharger.
Wherein it should be noted that skipping certain layer of feeding plate in order to avoid DRI to be directly entered next layer of blanking
Room, or even the situation appearance directly discharged from discharge gate 6, control the degradation rate of DRI, and extend it inside device
Stroke, the projection that the material-dropping hole 11 on adjacent feeding plate is vertically gone up is in staggered distribution, namely the falling of adjacent layer feeding plate
There is not lap in material hole 11 when being projected in same level.
On this basis, for the ease of the blanking of DRI, it is provided with every layer of blanking interior and is easy to blanking
Claw 3, with material feeding chamber radial direction at an angle, and the material feeding chamber that relatively direct reduced iron is located rotates, Jin Erlian for claw 3
The continuous purpose constantly DRI being expelled in next layer of material feeding chamber, reaching internal discharge and extend material stroke.
Specifically, the concrete installation direction of the claw 3 of every layer of blanking interior determines according to the position of material-dropping hole 11.This enforcement
Material-dropping hole 11 on ground floor feeding plate 8 in example is arranged on base plate center, thus corresponding claw 3 needs directly
Reduced iron is toward central blanking hole 11 location push;Material-dropping hole 11 on second layer feeding plate 9 is arranged on base plate outer position, thus
Corresponding claw 3 needs DRI toward base plate outer location push;Material-dropping hole 11 on third layer feeding plate 10
It is arranged on base plate center, thus the setting of claw 3 is with the situation of first time feeding plate.In that case, adjacent described
The arranged direction of the claw 3 in material feeding chamber is contrary, refers to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Under the agitation of claw 3, DRI is gathered or is scattered, and therefore there is the motion of horizontal direction, thus identical
Under altitudes, the stroke of DRI is longer, thus DRI is fully contacted with cooling gas, cool time is elongated,
Therefore improve heat exchange efficiency.Additionally, for the present embodiment, claw 3 can by the indoor ground floor bed of material of ground floor blanking,
The indoor second layer bed of material of second layer blanking and the indoor third layer bed of material of third layer blanking tie and mix uniformly it is ensured that
The ventilative uniformity of each bed of material, thus ensure that the resistance uniformity of cooling air-flow.
It should be noted that the setting of material-dropping hole 11 is not limited to the situation of the present embodiment act, as long as can guarantee that directly
The each height of drop of reduced iron and cooling stroke.
In order to realize above-mentioned claw 3 rotating relative to material feeding chamber, it is provided with the rotary shaft of the axis distribution along described material tower 4
13.Described rotary shaft 13 one end connects rotary drive unit, and the other end is extend into described material tower 4 inside and is connected with described claw 3.
Preferably by connecting rod 16, described claw 3 is fixed in described rotary shaft 13, and the indoor claw 3 of each described blanking is distributed
On the concentric circular of axle centered on described rotary shaft 13.Furthermore it is preferred that but necessarily rotating fixed cell for drive motor 14.
In order to avoid air penetrates into the problem of the secondary oxidation of the DRI bringing in material feeding chamber, in rotary shaft 13 He
Between the shell of material tower 4, sealing unit is set.The present embodiment provides a kind of preferable liquid seal of sealing effectiveness on this basis
Unit 15.Illustrated by case of expecting the top board of tower 4 to extend into blanking interior by rotary shaft 13, now on top board
It is provided with annular liquid flume, rotary shaft 13 stretches in material tower 4 along the central axis of described annular liquid flume, and solid in rotary shaft 13
Surely there is the circular seal lid with the cooperation of described annular liquid flume.Described circular seal lid extend in described annular liquid flume, thus
Drive described circular seal to cover during rotary shaft 13 rotation to rotate in described annular liquid flume.
In order to cool down to the DRI in material feeding chamber, material tower 4 base plate of the present embodiment offers air inlet 5,
Air vent 2 is offered on the top board of material tower 4.Cooling gas are entered in pan feeding tower 4 by air inlet 5, and by each layer feeding plate
The air holes 12 opening up enters in corresponding material feeding chamber, finally discharges from air vent 2.Wherein, the air holes 12 preferably on base plate is equal
Even distribution, so that cooling gas can uniformly pass through the bed of material, it is to avoid occur altering the phenomenon of wind, and make DRI cold
Uniform.
In order to protect to the DRI at charging aperture 1 and discharge gate 6, the charging aperture 1 of the present embodiment and discharge
Mouth 6 is all connected with rotary seal valve, and preferably multiple rotary seal valve series connection, is Double layer rotating sealing valve 7 in the present embodiment.
The ventilative material air-cooling apparatus of the present embodiment are vertically arranged, solve the problems, such as that floor space is excessive.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of air cooling approach of DRI, comprises the following steps:
S1:The blanking that the ventilative material of high temperature is injected by charging aperture 1 in material tower 4 is indoor;Meanwhile, by cooling gas from
Air inlet 5 is passed through in material tower 4 so that cooling gas are discharged by air vent 2 after the air holes 12 on feeding plate;
S2:Start rotary drive unit, rotary shaft 13 drives claw 3 to rotate so that existing relatively between claw 3 and material
Motion, and then material is entered in next material feeding chamber by the material-dropping hole 11 of arrangement straggly, and discharge eventually through discharge gate 6;
S3, finally carried out waste heat recovery from air vent 2 expellant gas through dedusting laggard waste heat pot, then by circulated air
Enter gas cooling device after machine pressurization, and the gas after cooling be passed through in the air inlet 5 of described ventilative material air-cooling apparatus,
So circulate.
Wherein, the rotating speed of preferably described rotary shaft 13 is 3-5 rev/min;The described cooling gas being passed through are noble gases.
Specifically, the initial temperature of DRI be 1100 DEG C about, its pass through Double layer rotating sealing valve 7 after from charging
Mouth 1 enters in ground floor material feeding chamber, and forms the ground floor bed of material.The ground floor bed of material is gathered to center in the presence of claw 3, and
Entered in second layer material feeding chamber by the material-dropping hole 11 of center, and form the second layer bed of material.Corresponding with the second layer bed of material
Claw 3 rotates so as to scatter to surrounding, and drops to third layer material feeding chamber from the material-dropping hole 11 of surrounding, forms the third layer bed of material,
The third layer bed of material is equally gathered to center in the presence of claw 3, and is discharged by discharge gate 6.The final direct-reduction discharged
The temperature of ferrum is less than 150 DEG C.
Meanwhile, the inertia cooling gas of low temperature enter into the bottom of material tower 4 from air inlet 5, through third layer blanking
Air holes 12 on plate 10 is moved upwards, the DRI of high temperature is cooled down simultaneously.Inertia cooling gas sequentially pass through
Discharge from air vent 2 after two layers of material feeding chamber and ground floor material feeding chamber.The laggard waste heat pot of inertia cooling gas removing dust after heat exchange
Stove carries out waste heat recovery, then enters chiller after being pressurizeed by circulating fan and recycle.
Using noble gases, DRI is cooled down in the present embodiment, it is to avoid pelletizing in cooling procedure with sky
Gas or water contact, solve the problems, such as DRI secondary oxidation and aqueous;And, waste heat can be entered after noble gases removing dust
Boiler carries out waste heat recovery, solves the unrenewable problem of DRI heat.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.Although with reference to embodiment to this
Bright be described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme is carried out various combinations,
Modification or equivalent, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, the right that all should cover in the present invention will
Ask in the middle of scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material are it is characterised in that include material tower, claw, rotary drive unit and along described
The rotary shaft of the axis distribution of material tower;The top board of described material tower offers charging aperture and air vent, at the bottom of described material tower
Discharge gate and air inlet are offered on plate;It is provided with polylith feeding plate, described feeding plate will be vertical for described material tower edge in described material tower
To being divided into multiple material feeding chambers;Material-dropping hole in material-dropping hole and air holes, and adjacent described feeding plate is offered on described feeding plate
Projection in the horizontal plane is in staggered distribution;Each described blanking interior is respectively arranged with the described claw being easy to blanking;Described rotation
Rotating shaft one end connects described rotary drive unit, and the other end is extend into and is connected with described claw inside described material tower.
2. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that described rotary shaft and described material tower
It is provided with sealing unit between housing.
3. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 2 are it is characterised in that described sealing unit is liquid seal
Unit, including the week annular liquid flume to the periphery being fixedly connected and being located at described rotary shaft with described material tower, and is fixed on institute
The circular seal lid stated in rotary shaft and coordinate with described annular liquid flume.
4. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that described charging aperture and discharge gate all connect
It is connected to rotary seal valve.
5. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that described on adjacent described feeding plate
Material-dropping hole is located at center and the outer position of described feeding plate respectively.
6. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 5 are it is characterised in that claw in adjacent described material feeding chamber
Arranged direction contrary.
7. the air-cooling apparatus of ventilative material according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that the indoor claw of each described blanking
It is distributed on the concentric circular of axle centered on described rotary shaft.
8. ventilative material according to claim 7 air-cooling apparatus it is characterised in that described claw pass through connecting rod with described
Rotary shaft connects.
9. a kind of air cooling approach of ventilative material is it is characterised in that adopt the ventilative thing described in any one in claim 1-8
Material air-cooling apparatus are carried out, and comprise the following steps:
S1:The blanking that the ventilative material of high temperature is injected by charging aperture in material tower is indoor;Meanwhile, by cooling gas from air inlet
It is passed through in material tower so that cooling gas are discharged by air vent after the air holes on feeding plate;
S2:Start rotary drive unit, rotary shaft drives claw to rotate so that there is relative motion between claw and material, enters
And material is entered in next material feeding chamber by the material-dropping hole of arrangement straggly, and discharge eventually through discharge gate;
S3, finally carried out waste heat recovery from air vent expellant gas through dedusting laggard waste heat pot, then by circulating fan plus
Enter gas cooling device after pressure, and the gas after cooling is passed through in the air inlet of described ventilative material air-cooling apparatus, so
Circulation.
10. method according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that the rotating speed of described rotary shaft is 3-5 rev/min;It is passed through
Described cooling gas are noble gases.
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CN109506483A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-22 | 东北大学 | A kind of vanadium slag exhaust heat recovering method and device |
CN109612286A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of vanadium slag waste heat recycling system and its application method |
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US3836131A (en) * | 1973-12-26 | 1974-09-17 | Mildrex Corp | Apparatus for cooling a moving bed of solid, gas permeable particles |
DD132999A1 (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1978-11-22 | Gerhard Teichler | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE HEAT EXCHANGE OF SHOE TRAYS |
CN103088213B (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2015-09-09 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | A kind of device and method cooling direct-reduction iron block |
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