CN104892887B - A kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104892887B CN104892887B CN201510347178.8A CN201510347178A CN104892887B CN 104892887 B CN104892887 B CN 104892887B CN 201510347178 A CN201510347178 A CN 201510347178A CN 104892887 B CN104892887 B CN 104892887B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer, including step:The preparation of terminal hydroxy group acrylate macromole evocating agent, the preparation and multi-arm acrylate block copolymer of terminal hydroxy group acrylate block copolymer preparation.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Multi-arm acrylate block copolymer is synthesized using ARGET ATRP methods, the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of arm can be with accuracy controlling;The dispersibility that polymer is controlled by ATRP, makes block copolymer regularity greatly improve, improves the performance of product;Polymerisation can carry out in the space of opposing open, and the amount of catalyst is less than 500ppm, and product does not have to can be used directly except catalyst, and efficient, cost is low compared with conventional method;Arm is keyed on polyisocyanates using the reaction of hydroxyl and isocyanate group, is formed centered on polyisocyanates, acrylate block copolymer is the multi-arm structure of arm;Using arm first, process and realization difficulty simplify.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical material fields, are related to a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer.
Background technology
Block copolymer is made of two or more different polymer segment of chemical constitution, according to composition
The quantity of the monomeric species of block copolymer can be divided into two blocks, three block, more blocks etc..It can be by multiple polymers
Advantageous property is combined together, and obtains the functional polymer material of performance comparative superiority.
There are many synthetic methods of block copolymer, including active anionic polymerization, living cationic polymerization, group transfer
Polymerization, controllable/active free radical polymerization etc..Block copolymer is as a kind of special linear copolymer, with blend and grafting
Copolymer is different in structure and in nature.Its glass transition temperature is determined by the lower polymer of temperature, and softening point
But change with the higher polymer of the temperature, thus the wider range in elastomeric state.Block with specific structure
Polymer can show the property different with the mixture of simple wire-form polymer and many random copolymers even homopolymer
Matter can be used as thermoplastic elastomer, blending compatilizer, interface modifier etc..It is widely used in biological medicine, building, chemical industry etc.
Every field all has great importance in theoretical research and practical application.
Multi-arm block copolymer refers to that one or more block copolymer chains are keyed to the same centronucleus by chemistry
It is formed by polymer.Since the part of each arm can design its chain segment molecular weight and segment composition etc., greatly expand
The type of block copolymer and diversity with performance add new content for the research of block copolymer.Its one is important
Feature is that the linear polymer of ontology molecular weight identical with liquid viscosity ratio is much lower, it is possible to be widely used as flowing in coating
Body conditioning agent, impact resistance dressing agent, contact adhesive and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) etc..In addition it can also be used to that solubilizer, resistance to be blended
Impact dressing agent, sealant and molding component etc..
ATRP methods synthesis multi-arm/star-type polymer is applied to quickly grow in recent years, star-type polymer in ATRP systems
There are mainly three types of methods for synthesis:Divergent method, convergence method, microgel method.It can with the reactive carbon-halogen bond compound of more than two
Star-type polymer is synthesized as initiator, arm number is determined that it is dense that brachium depends on initial monomer/initiator by the number for causing center
Degree ratio.
Patent CN1486995 discloses the starlike dissaving polymer brush of one kind multi-arm containing polyhydroxy functional groups and its preparation side
Method:Hyperbranched macromolecular initiator is first prepared, then atom transition free radical polymerization reaction in the presence of catalyst and ligand
(ATRP) cause and polymerize containing double bond monomer, obtain the starlike dissaving polymer brush of multi-arm.It is more that patent CN101575402 discloses one kind
Arm star polymer and preparation method thereof:It first prepares superbranched polystyrene macromole evocating agent, then causes the original of monomer
Sub- transferring free-radical polymerization obtains multi-arm star polymer.
These methods may serve to synthesis multi-arm block polymer, and all be the macromolecular conduct of preparation structure complexity
Initiator synthesizes multiarm polymers, belongs to core first, the relative complex realization of synthesis of hyperbranched macromolecular initiator
Difficulty is relatively high.
The present invention utilizes the controllable advantage of ARGET ATRP, and first synthesis has the arm section that predetermined structure carries terminal hydroxy group,
The part of arm can design chemical composition, molecular weight, block ratio etc..It recycles hydroxyl to be reacted with isocyanate group, successfully synthesizes
Acrylate block copolymer with multi-arm structure.This method with it has been reported that method compare, belong to arm first, and
Need not composite structure complexity hyperbranched macromolecular initiator, difficulty relative simplicity.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to:Based on the above issues, the present invention provides a kind of multi-arm arylate blocks
The preparation method of copolymer.
The present invention solves a technical solution used by its technical problem:A kind of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer
Preparation method, it is characterized in that:Include the following steps:
(1) preparation of terminal hydroxy group acrylate macromole evocating agent:By monomer I, initiator, complex liquid, reducing agent I and molten
Agent I is added in reaction vessel, and for several times by the repetitive operation of reaction system vacuum nitrogen gas, 60~110 DEG C of reactions 0.5~10 are small
When, terminal hydroxy group acrylate macromole evocating agent, molecular weight distribution is made<2.0;
(2) preparation of terminal hydroxy group acrylate block copolymer:In acrylate macromole evocating agent made from step (1)
Monomer II, reducing agent II and solvent II is added, for several times by the repetitive operation of reaction system vacuum nitrogen gas, 60~110 DEG C of reactions
0.5~10 hour, terminal hydroxy group acrylate block copolymer, molecular weight distribution is made<2.0;
(3) preparation of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer:By terminal hydroxy group block copolymer solvent made from step (2)
Catalyst and isocyanates is added in III dissolving, and 50~90 DEG C are reacted 1~9 hour, and multi-arm acrylate block copolymer is made.
Further, initiator is halogenated organic compound that an end group is hydroxyl in step (1), and initiator is specially
Alpha-brominated isobutyric acid hydroxyl ethyl ester, alpha-chloro isobutyric acid hydroxyl ethyl ester, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid hydroxy butyl ester or alpha-chloro isobutyric acid hydroxy butyl ester
In one kind.
Further, monomer I and monomer II are esters of acrylic acid, methyl acrylic ester, acrylate containing fluorine, contain
One kind in methacrylate class, styrene or vinyl cyanide, monomer I and monomer II be specially butyl methacrylate,
Methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, Isooctyl acrylate monomer, methyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl ammonia
Base ethyl ester, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, Hexafluorobutyl mathacrylate, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, styrene or third
One kind in alkene nitrile;Complex liquid is stirred evenly for the transition metal halide, ligand and ethyl alcohol of oxidation state and is obtained at normal temperatures, oxygen
The transition metal halide for changing state is CuCl2、CuBr2、FeCl3Or FeBr3In one kind, ligand be pentamethyl divinyl three
Amine three-(N, N- dimethylaminoethyl) amine or 1, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, one kind in 7,10,10- hexamethyl triens;I He of reducing agent
Reducing agent II is one kind in stannous octoate, ascorbic acid or glucose.
Further, catalyst is one in dibutyl tin laurate, triethanolamine or stannous octoate in step (3)
Kind, isocyanates is the addition product of diisocyanate or polyisocyanates and isocyanates, and isocyanates is specially diphenyl
Methane diisocyanate, toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), isophorone diisocyanate, naphthalene -1,5- diisocyanate, 2,6-, bis- isocyanides
Acid esters methyl caproate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate tripolymer, toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) and trihydroxy methyl
Propane addition product or isophorone diisocyanate and one kind in pentaerythrite addition product.
Further, solvent I, solvent II and solvent III are toluene, methyl phenyl ethers anisole, N, N- bis- in step (1), (2) and (3)
One kind in methylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone.
Further, monomer I:The molar ratio of initiator is 20:1~500:1, monomer II:Acrylate macromolecular causes
The molar ratio of agent is 20:1~500:1, monomer I:The molar ratio of the transition metal halide of oxidation state is 1:0.0005~1:
The transition metal halide of 0.00005 oxidation state:The molar ratio of reducing agent I or reducing agent II is 1:10~1:25, I dosage of solvent
It is the 10~100% of I mass of monomer, II dosage of solvent is the 10~100% of II mass of monomer.
Further, hydroxyl rubs with isocyanate group in isocyanates in the terminal hydroxy group block copolymer in step (3)
You are than being 1:1.0~1:1.5.
Further, in complex liquid oxidation state transition metal halide:The molar ratio of ligand is 1:10~1:30.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:1. the present invention synthesizes multi-arm acrylic ester block using ARGET ATRP methods
The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of object, arm can be with accuracy controlling (molecular weight is controllable, narrow molecular weight distribution);It is also possible to be controlled by ATRP
The dispersibility of polymer processed makes block copolymer regularity greatly improve, to improve the performance of product;Polymerisation can be in phase
To being carried out in open space, the amount of used catalyst is less than 500ppm, and product does not have to can be used directly except catalyst, efficiency
Height, cost are low compared with conventional method;
2. arm is keyed on polyisocyanates by the present invention using the reaction of hydroxyl and isocyanate group, formed with polyisocyanate cyanogen
Centered on acid esters, acrylate block copolymer is the multi-arm structure of arm;Different from the core first in report, present invention profit
With arm first, compared with the core first method for the hyperbranched macromolecular initiator reported, process and realization difficulty letter
Change.
Specific implementation mode
Presently in connection with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, following embodiment be intended to illustrate invention rather than
Limitation of the invention further.
Embodiment 1
(1) preparation of hydroxy terminated polypropylene acid butyl ester-b- polymethyl methacrylates (HO-PBA-b-PMMA), molecular weight
It is 40600, structure is:
Wherein, m=200, n=150.
Butyl acrylate 60.00g, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid are added in the 500ml four-hole boiling flasks equipped with thermometer, agitating paddle
Hydroxy butyl ester 0.5604g, CuBr20.04194g and pentamethyldivinyltriamine 0.6490g, Sn (EH)21.517g and solvent first
Benzene 30.00g leads to nitrogen and is bubbled, react 210min under 70 DEG C of oil baths after mixing, and conversion ratio will be weighed up to after 82.7%
Methyl methacrylate 35.16g well, toluene 18.00g and Sn (EH)21.138g is added with syringe in reaction bulb, reaction
Stop after 255min, product is crossed into neutral alumina chromatographic column, removes the catalyst in polymer, methanol extraction after revolving, so
It is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens and dries to constant weight, obtain product 79g, yield 83%.
(2) preparation of multi-arm PBA-b-PMMA
NCO/OH=1.0:1
Weigh HO-PBA-PMMA 20.00g, polyisocyanates (N3390 ,-NCO content 18%) 0.1149g, tin dilaurate
Dibutyl tin 1 drips and toluene 40.00g is added in the four-hole boiling flask that agitating paddle, thermometer are housed, and is warming up to 80 DEG C, reacts 3 hours
After stop, methanol extraction goes out polymer, and 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens are dried to constant weight, and product is obtained.
Embodiment 2
(1) preparation of hydroxy terminated polypropylene acetoacetic ester-b- polybutyl methacrylates (HO-PEA-b-PBMA), molecular weight
It is 32000, structure is:
Wherein, m=200, n=85.
Ethyl acrylate 60.00g, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid are added in the 500ml four-hole boiling flasks equipped with thermometer, agitating paddle
Hydroxy butyl ester 0.7173g, CuBr20.05369g and pentamethyldivinyltriamine 0.8308g, Sn (EH)21.942g and solvent first
Benzene 30.00g leads to nitrogen and is bubbled, react 210min under 70 DEG C of oil baths after mixing, and conversion ratio will be weighed up to after 85%
Methyl methacrylate 36.00g, toluene 18.00g and Sn (EH)20.8264g is added with syringe in reaction bulb, reaction
Stop after 260min, product is crossed into neutral alumina chromatographic column, removes the catalyst in polymer, methanol extraction after revolving, so
It is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens and dries to constant weight, obtain product 75g, yield 78%.
(2) preparation of multi-arm PEA-b-PBMA
NCO/OH=1.1:1
Weigh HO-PEA-b-PBMA 20.00g, Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, 4- diisocyanate (TDI) 0.1197g, two fourth of tin dilaurate
Base tin 1 drips and toluene 40.00g is added in the four-hole boiling flask that agitating paddle, thermometer are housed, and is warming up to 70 DEG C, after reacting 3.5 hours
Stop, methanol extraction goes out polymer, and 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens are dried to constant weight, and product is obtained.
Embodiment 3
(1) preparation of the different monooctyl ester of hydroxy terminated polypropylene acid methyl esters-b- polyacrylic acid (HO-PMA-b-PEHA), molecular weight are
21000, structure is:
Wherein, m=100, n=68.
Methyl acrylate 60.00g, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid are added in the 500ml four-hole boiling flasks equipped with thermometer, agitating paddle
Hydroxy butyl ester 1.668g, CuBr20.06251g and pentamethyldivinyltriamine 0.967g, Sn (EH)22.261g and solvent toluene
30.00g leads to nitrogen and is bubbled, react 250min under 70 DEG C of oil baths after mixing, and conversion ratio, will be load weighted up to after 81%
Isooctyl acrylate monomer 86.57g, toluene 43.00g and Sn (EH)21.525g is added with syringe in reaction bulb, is reacted at 70 DEG C
Stop after 300min, product is crossed into neutral alumina chromatographic column, removes the catalyst in polymer, methanol extraction after revolving, so
It is placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens and dries to constant weight, obtain product 103g, yield 70.2%.
(2) preparation of multi-arm PMA-b-PEHA
NCO/OH=1.2:1
Weigh HO-PMA-b-PEHA 20.00g, Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, 4- diisocyanate-trimethylolpropane addition product (TDI-
TMP adducts ,-NCO content 13%) 0.3692g, the drop of dibutyl tin laurate 1 and toluene 40.00g be added equipped with agitating paddle,
In the four-hole boiling flask of thermometer, 80 DEG C are warming up to, reaction stops after 4.5 hours, and methanol extraction goes out polymer, 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens
Drying obtains product to constant weight.
Embodiment 4
(1) preparation of hydroxy terminated polypropylene acid butyl ester-b- polyacrylonitrile (HO-PBA-b-PAN), molecular weight 10100, knot
Structure is:
Wherein, m=50, n=70.
Butyl acrylate 60.00g, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid are added in the 500ml four-hole boiling flasks equipped with thermometer, agitating paddle
Hydroxy butyl ester 2.242g, CuBr20.04200g and pentamethyldivinyltriamine 0.6499g, Sn (EH)21.519g and solvent first
Benzene 30.00g leads to nitrogen and is bubbled, react 200min under 70 DEG C of oil baths after mixing, and conversion ratio will be weighed up to after 86%
Acrylonitrile 34.69g, toluene 17.00g and Sn (EH)22.121g is added with syringe in reaction bulb, reacts 280min at 90 DEG C
After stop, product is crossed into neutral alumina chromatographic column, removes the catalyst in polymer, methanol extraction after revolving is subsequently placed in
It is dried to constant weight in 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, obtains product 64g, yield 67.6%.
(2) preparation of multi-arm PBA-b-PAN
NCO/OH=1.3:1
Weigh HO-PBA-b-PAN 20.00g, isophorone diisocyanate-pentaerythrite addition product (- NCO content
15%) four-hole boiling flask equipped with agitating paddle, thermometer is added in 0.7207g, the drop of dibutyl tin laurate 1 and toluene 40.00g
In, 80 DEG C are warming up to, reaction stops after 5.5 hours, and methanol extraction goes out polymer, and 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens are dried to constant weight, obtained
Product.
Embodiment 5
(1) preparation of terminal hydroxy group polystyrene-b- polymethylacrylic acid trifluoro ethyl ester (HO-PS-b-PTFEMA), molecular weight
It is 5100, structure is:
Wherein, m=20, n=18.
Styrene 60.00g, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid hydroxyl fourth are added in the 500ml four-hole boiling flasks equipped with thermometer, agitating paddle
Ester 6.897g, CuBr20.05169g and pentamethyldivinyltriamine 0.7998g, Sn (EH)21.870g and solvent toluene
30.00g leads to nitrogen and is bubbled, react 360min under 110 DEG C of oil baths after mixing, and conversion ratio adjusts temperature up to after 80%
To 75 DEG C, by load weighted trifluoroethyl methacrylate 87.12g, toluene 44.00g and Sn (EH)21.680g being added with syringe
Enter in reaction bulb, stop after reacting 180min, product is crossed into neutral alumina chromatographic column, removes the catalyst in polymer, rotation
Methanol extraction after steaming is subsequently placed in 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens and dries to constant weight, obtains product 102g, yield 69.3%.
(2) preparation of multi-arm PS-b-PTFEMA
NCO/OH=1.5:1
Weigh HO-PS-b-PTFEMA 20.00g, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) 1.308g, two fourth of tin dilaurate
Base tin 1 drips and toluene 40.00g is added in the four-hole boiling flask that agitating paddle, thermometer are housed, and is warming up to 80 DEG C, after reacting 3.5 hours
Stop, methanol extraction goes out polymer, and 50 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens are dried to constant weight, and product is obtained.
It is enlightenment with above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff is complete
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to determine its technical scope according to right.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer, it is characterized in that:Include the following steps:
(1) preparation of terminal hydroxy group acrylate macromole evocating agent:By monomer I, initiator, complex liquid, reducing agent I and solvent I
It is added in reaction vessel, for several times by the repetitive operation of reaction system vacuum nitrogen gas, 60~110 DEG C are reacted 0.5~10 hour,
Terminal hydroxy group acrylate macromole evocating agent, molecular weight distribution is made<2.0;
(2) preparation of terminal hydroxy group acrylate block copolymer:It is added in acrylate macromole evocating agent made from step (1)
Monomer II, reducing agent II and solvent II, for several times by the repetitive operation of reaction system vacuum nitrogen gas, 60~110 DEG C of reactions 0.5~
10 hours, terminal hydroxy group acrylate block copolymer, molecular weight distribution is made<2.0;
(3) preparation of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer:Terminal hydroxy group block copolymer made from step (2) is molten with solvent III
Catalyst and polyisocyanates is added in solution, and 50~90 DEG C are reacted 1~9 hour, and multi-arm acrylate block copolymer is made;
Initiator is the halogenated organic compound that an end group is hydroxyl, and monomer I and monomer II are esters of acrylic acid, methyl-prop
One kind in olefin(e) acid esters, acrylate containing fluorine, fluorine-containing methacrylate class, styrene or vinyl cyanide, complex liquid are
Transition metal halide, ligand and the ethyl alcohol of oxidation state are stirred evenly and are obtained at normal temperatures, the transition metal halide of oxidation state
For CuCl2、CuBr2、FeCl3Or FeBr3In one kind, ligand be pentamethyldivinyltriamine, three-(N, N- dimethylamino second
Base) amine or 1, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, one kind in 7,10,10- hexamethyl triens;Reducing agent I and reducing agent II are sad sub-
One kind in tin, ascorbic acid or glucose, catalyst are one in dibutyl tin laurate, triethanolamine or stannous octoate
Kind, polyisocyanates is toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) and trimethylolpropane addition product, isophorone diisocyanate and Ji Wusi
One kind in alcohol addition product, solvent I, solvent II and solvent III are toluene, methyl phenyl ethers anisole, n,N-Dimethylformamide, tetrahydrochysene furan
It mutters, one kind in ethyl acetate or 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone.
2. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described
Initiator is specially alpha-brominated isobutyric acid hydroxyl ethyl ester, alpha-chloro isobutyric acid hydroxyl ethyl ester, alpha-brominated isobutyric acid hydroxy butyl ester or alpha-chloro
One kind in isobutyric acid hydroxy butyl ester.
3. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described
Monomer I and monomer II are specially butyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid
Different monooctyl ester, methyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid hexafluoro fourth
One kind in ester, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, styrene or acrylonitrile.
4. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described
Monomer I:The molar ratio of initiator is 20:1~500:1, monomer II:The molar ratio of acrylate macromole evocating agent is 20:1~
500:1, monomer I:The molar ratio of the transition metal halide of oxidation state is 1:0.0005~1:0.00005, the transition of oxidation state
Metal halide:The molar ratio of reducing agent I or reducing agent II is 1:10~1:25, I dosage of solvent be I mass of monomer 10~
100%, II dosage of solvent is the 10~100% of II mass of monomer.
5. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described
The molar ratio of hydroxyl and isocyanate group in polyisocyanates is 1 in terminal hydroxy group block copolymer in step (3):1.0~1:
1.5。
6. a kind of preparation method of multi-arm acrylate block copolymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Described
The transition metal halide of oxidation state in complex liquid:The molar ratio of ligand is 1:10~1:30.
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