CN104886041B - Reduce the method for preserving of aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell - Google Patents
Reduce the method for preserving of aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN104886041B CN104886041B CN201510265071.9A CN201510265071A CN104886041B CN 104886041 B CN104886041 B CN 104886041B CN 201510265071 A CN201510265071 A CN 201510265071A CN 104886041 B CN104886041 B CN 104886041B
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- lychee exocarp
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- sodium sulfite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for preserving for reducing aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell, will pack stored refrigerated after cleaned lychee exocarp sodium sulfite solution and hydrochloric acid solution immersion.The sodium sulfite solution is formulated for sodium sulfite is dissolved in running water, and sodium sulfite is 8 ~ 12 with the mass ratio of running water：10000.Step of the present invention is simple, with low cost, can be obviously prolonged the time of lychee exocarp obvious brown stain from shelling to occurring, and reduces the loss of aldehydes matter in lychee exocarp, is a kind of pre-treatment method for preserving suitable for lychee exocarp processing and utilization.
Description
Technical field
Damaged the present invention relates to aldehydes matter in field of food science, more particularly to a kind of reduction lichee processing byproduct shell
The method for preserving of mistake.
Background technology
Lychee exocarp contains the aldehydes matters such as abundant OPC, shows the multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidant.Former cyanine
Element is the widely distributed class Polyphenols active material of nature, is basic Component units with catechin and epicatechin, is passed through
C-C is bonded and connects the polymer to form different polymerization degree.According to（Table）Chemical bond connected mode between catechin unit, OPC
It is divided into A types and the major class of Type B two.Wherein Type B is the common OPC of nature, the former cyanine of grape pip, pine bark, sorghum etc.
Element is Type B structure, i.e. component units and is bonded by C-C and connect.And the OPC in lychee exocarp except（Table）Catechin is constituted
It is bonded with C-C between unit and connects to form polymerization in vitro, also there is C-O-C between some component units（A keys）Combination.This A types
The OPC of structure has differences in activity with Type B, is particularly substantially better than Type B in its anti-inflammatory isoreactivity.Meanwhile, pass through
Discovery is analyzed to the OPC A2 and procyanidin B 2 content in lychee exocarp after storage different time, OPC A2's
Stability is apparently higher than B2.At present, the Type B OPC in grape pip source because of it there is the healthcare functions such as cardiovascular protection to form
It is the dietary supplements that extremely consumer praises highly.The procyanidin content in report grape pip is studied in terms of dry 3 ~ 9 ‰,
And the procyanidin content of the relatively low kind bosom branch of shell aldehydes matter content is the shell polyphenol content such as black leaf up to 8 ‰
Kind higher, its procyanidin content more than 10 ‰, as the same fruit process accessory substance rich in OPC, lychee exocarp
Deep processing and utilization have to be strengthened.
With the development of the lichee processing industry such as canned litchi, dried litchi, litchi spirit and Lychee juice, process and consume in lichee
During, produce the accessory substances such as substantial amounts of lychee exocarp.Due to the summer that the collecting season of lichee is high temperature, high humidity, in lichee
In industrialization process, lichee lychee exocarp after mechanical dejacketing is generally largely deposited in outdoor, in high temperature, microbial fermentation
Under comprehensive function etc. factor, the lychee exocarp of stacking can occur brown stain and then rot in a short period of time, contained phenols
Material is also destroyed decomposes in this process, so as to lose application value.Through measuring, after lychee exocarp piles up 12h, its
OPC, total phenol, general flavone, anthocyanin and ORAC oxidation resistances have dropped 96.3% respectively, 86.7%, 92.1%,
98.9% and 81%, its OPC and other aldehydes matter contents and activity are in extremely low level, lose and are processed further
The value for utilizing.
Want to carry out to the processing and utilization of lychee exocarp, it is necessary first to solution be lychee exocarp keeping-freshness storage problem, prevent
Because aldehydes matter is degraded and destroys caused by brown stain, during so as to being won to carry out the enterprise of extraction and application etc. using lychee exocarp
Between.Although having carried out substantial amounts of research for the fresh-keeping of lichee at present, low temperature, controlled atmosphere, film etc. are developed multiple fresh-keeping
Method can be with the fresh keeping time of proper extension lichee, but lichee is used as the famous-brand and high-quality rare fruit of one kind, above-mentioned complicated fresh-keeping place
Reason means can be adapted with its market value.And lychee exocarp is in itself a kind of processing byproduct, discarded object is generally to be regarded as, its
Market value is limited, therefore, the fresh-keeping method for storing to lychee exocarp must be a process with low cost and relatively simple.This
Outward, the main purpose for the Preservation Treatment of lichee be to maintain fruit-like flavour, mouthfeel it is fresh, and to lichee non-edible part litchi
The purpose of the preservation of branch shell is the degradation speed for slowing down its contained aldehydes matter as far as possible.Based on above reason, above-mentioned litchi
Real keeping-freshness storage means clearly not apply to lychee exocarp.
The patent of invention of Application No. 200710030209.2 discloses a kind of lichee fresh-keeping process, the invention freshness protection package
Packaging lichee, antistaling agent bag is placed in freshness protection package, is stored in natural convection freezer or refrigerator after freshness protection package sealing,
It is 1 ~ 7 DEG C to control the humidity of freezer or refrigerator, and relative humidity is 83% ~ 95%, and antistaling agent slowly discharges sulfur dioxide gas
And equably the lichee time is fumigated for 36 ~ 120 hours full of the stifling lichee pericarp in whole space in freshness protection package；Afterwards will be fresh-keeping
Bag is positioned over together with lichee and fresh-retaining preserving is carried out in freezer or refrigerator, controls the temperature of freezer or refrigerator for 1 ~ 7 DEG C,
Relative humidity is 83% ~ 95%, and oxygen content is 3 ~ 8% in air.The invention be directed to complete litchi fruits carry out it is fresh-keeping, it is fresh-keeping before
The not organized breakage of litchi fruits, do not have the elution bands such as a large amount of pulp organizations come serious microorganism pollution the problems such as,
Therefore sulfur dioxide can slowly be discharged in longer time by antistaling agent and plays preservation, but for eliminating fruit
The lychee exocarp of meat, superoxide dismutase therein etc. are largely activated, and tissue damage, pulp stick etc. causes a large amount of micro-
Biological pollution, the method for the invention cannot be applied and the enzyme and sterilizing that goes out etc. is played in lychee exocarp act on, and aldehydes matter therein can be
Decomposed quickly in the presence of enzyme and microorganism destruction, it is impossible to the demand of lychee exocarp storage is met, therefore, it is necessary to design one
Plant the new storage method for lychee exocarp.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind reduces lichee processing by-product
The method for preserving of aldehydes matter loss in thing shell, the present invention is simple to operate, with low cost, can substantially delay phenol in lychee exocarp
The degradation speed of class material.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is realized using following scheme：
A kind of method for preserving for reducing aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell, cleaned lychee exocarp is used
Sodium sulfite solution and hydrochloric acid solution pack stored refrigerated after being soaked.
Preferably, the sodium sulfite solution and the volume ratio of hydrochloric acid solution are 1:0.05 ~ 0.07, the sodium sulfite is molten
Liquid is formulated for sodium sulfite is dissolved in running water, and sodium sulfite is 8 ~ 12 with the mass ratio of running water：10000, the hydrochloric acid
The concentration of solution is 0.1 ~ 2mol/L, and lychee exocarp is 0.5 ~ 1kg with the amount ratio of sodium sulfite solution：1L.Lychee exocarp is soaked
In sodium sulfite solution and add hydrochloric acid solution, accelerate the release of sulfur dioxide, so as to reach suppression enzyme in a short time and kill
The purpose of bacterium, can substantially suppress the activity of the oxidizing ferment such as POD in lychee exocarp, suppress the generation of lychee exocarp enzymatic browning reaction, then
Plus stored refrigerated, can make to lychee exocarp to ensure that 70 ~ 80% aldehydes matter was not destroyed within one week.
The soak time of the lychee exocarp is 20 ~ 30min.The too short enzyme and sterilizing effect on driving birds is not good of going out of soak time, the time is oversize
Aldehydes matter can be caused to be lost in solution.
Stored refrigerated being specially drains away the water the lychee exocarp after immersion, loads plastic bag sealing, is placed at 2 ~ 6 DEG C
It is stored refrigerated.
The filling rate of polybag is not higher than 80%.Lychee exocarp is not complete biological tissue, unlike other fruit etc. are fresh-keeping right
As there is complete and consistent tissue morphology, because mutually extruding tissue occurs to squeeze between lychee exocarp during filling rate preservation higher
Buckling, causes further damage, promotes more oxidases releases to decompose polyphenol and browning reaction occurs.Filling rate is higher than
Lychee exocarp of the browning degree of lychee exocarp apparently higher than filling rate less than 80% after 80%, and its polyphenol, OPC is anti-oxidant
Lychee exocarp of the activity also compared with filling rate less than 80% is low.
Polybag layering after packaging lychee exocarp is placed.Can be placed on the shelf with dividing plate and form layering placement, keep away
When having exempted from a large amount of stackings lychee exocarp mutually extrude so that shell cell damage and accelerate enzymatic browning.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：The present invention is directed to the characteristic of lychee exocarp, using clear
Wash, the method for sodium sulfite solution and hydrochloric acid solution immersion and refrigeration slow down the degradation speed of aldehydes matter in lychee exocarp, can
With ensure lychee exocarp in one week without obvious brown stain, rot, total phenol and procyanidin content be maintained at fresh lichee shell 70 ~
80%, easy to operate, easy, running cost is low, is that a kind of lychee exocarp pre-treatment of the aldehydes matter suitable for retaining lychee exocarp is protected
Tibetan method.
Specific embodiment
In order to allow those skilled in the art to more fully understand technical scheme, with reference to the present invention made into
One step is illustrated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for preserving for reducing aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell, comprises the following steps：
S1：By it is just having taken off, there is no the rotten lychee exocarp of brown stain and clean with running water, pulp that removal is remained and
The impurity such as the fruit juice adhered on shell；
S2：Sodium sulfite solution is prepared, sodium sulfite is 8 with the mass ratio of running water：10000, by what is cleaned up
0.5kg lychee exocarps are put into 1L sodium sulfite solutions, while it is the hydrochloric acid solution of 1mol/L to add 50ml concentration, soak 20min；
S3：Lychee exocarp after immersion is pulled out, is drained away the water, be fitted into polybag, sealed, filling rate 70% is cold in 4 DEG C
Hide and preserve.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for preserving for reducing aldehydes matter loss in lichee processing byproduct shell, comprises the following steps：
S1：By it is just having taken off, there is no the rotten lychee exocarp of brown stain and clean with running water, pulp that removal is remained and
The impurity such as the fruit juice adhered on shell；
S2：Sodium sulfite solution is prepared, sodium sulfite is 12 with the mass ratio of running water：10000, by what is cleaned up
0.8kg lychee exocarps are put into 1L sodium sulfite solutions, while it is the hydrochloric acid solution of 1mol/L to add 70ml concentration, soak 30min；
S3：Lychee exocarp after immersion is pulled out, is drained away the water, be fitted into polybag, sealed, filling rate 80% is cold in 4 DEG C
Hide and preserve.
Comparative example 1
Except the mass ratio of sodium sulfite and running water is 3：Outside 10000, other conditions are with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Except the mass ratio of sodium sulfite and running water is 17：Outside 10000, other conditions are with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 3
Desalination acid solution is that other conditions are with embodiment 1 outside 20ml.
Comparative example 4
Desalination acid solution is that other conditions are with embodiment 2 outside 100ml.
Comparative example 5
In addition to soak time is 5min, other conditions are with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
In addition to soak time is 60min, other conditions are with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 7
In addition to filling rate is 100%, other conditions are with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 8
Lychee exocarp cleaning is drained into rear normal temperature Ventilation Storage.
Comparative example 9
Lychee exocarp cleaning is drained after -20 DEG C of storages.
Comparative example 10
Stored after 60 DEG C of drying after lychee exocarp cleaning is drained.
Above example and comparative example are selected from being tested with the lychee exocarp of a collection of lichee, and total phenol, total Huang are determined after 1 week
Ketone, total OPC, at the same be also carried out before experiment the total phenol of fresh lichee shell, general flavone, total OPC etc. containing measurement
It is fixed.
Assay method is as follows：10g lychee exocarps are taken, the ethanol of 100mL 80% is added, is smashed to pieces with tissue mashing machine, at 50 DEG C
Lower extraction 2h；Extract solution collects supernatant in 4 DEG C, 5000r/min centrifugation 5min；Sediment is repeated to extract one by above-mentioned condition
It is secondary, merge supernatant twice；By supernatant under the conditions of 45 DEG C rotary evaporated to dryness, residue distilled water is settled to 25ml and obtains
Crude extract, crude extract is dispensed, and is placed in -80 DEG C and is saved backup；Total phenol content is determined using Forint phenol method in crude extract, total yellow
Ketone content uses alchlor colorimetric method for determining, and total procyanidin content is determined using sulfuric acid-vanillin method.
Measurement result such as following table：Aldehydes matter content change in 7 days lychee exocarps is stored after different pre-treatments
| Project | Total phenol（Mg/g butts） | General flavone（Mg/g butts） | Total OPC（Mg/g butts） |
| Embodiment 1 | 93.4 | 61.3 | 64.0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 88.5 | 60.2 | 66.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 60.5 | 44.2 | 42.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 86.5 | 61.9 | 65.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 65.1 | 48.7 | 45.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 55.8 | 42.4 | 38.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | 70.6 | 52.3 | 53.8 |
| Comparative example 6 | 40.2 | 25.6 | 32.8 |
| Comparative example 7 | 57.2 | 43.7 | 40.9 |
| Comparative example 8 | 24.8 | 15.4 | 12.1 |
| Comparative example 9 | 46.4 | 37.1 | 25.4 |
| Comparative example 10 | 38.6 | 30.7 | 28.2 |
| Lychee exocarp original amount | 117.0 | 97.6 | 84.4 |
Total phenol, general flavone and total procyanidin content comparatively fresh lychee exocarp slightly decline in embodiment 1 and 2, but amplitude
Less, keeping content more than 70%, comparative example 1 ~ 7 has different degrees of decline, and sodium sulfite consumption is increased in comparative example 2, living
Property content of material without significantly improving, while can also increase the residual of lychee exocarp sulfite sodium, may to follow-up processing and utilization
Can bring detrimental effect, the present invention limits scope can ensure lychee exocarp one week it is interior without obvious brown stain, it is rotten；Comparative example 8 ~
Room temperature, deepfreeze and drying means of storage treatment lychee exocarp are respectively adopted in 10, active material drops to less than 30%, finally
Result is unsatisfactory, and its effect is much not as good as scheme of the present invention.
Above-described embodiment is only wherein specific implementation of the invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is interpreted as the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these obvious alternative forms are equal
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in a kind of reduction lichee processing byproduct shell, it is characterised in that will be cleaned
Lychee exocarp soaked with sodium sulfite solution and hydrochloric acid solution after pack stored refrigerated；The sodium sulfite solution and hydrochloric acid
The volume ratio of solution is 1:0.05~0.07；The sodium sulfite solution is formulated for sodium sulfite is dissolved in running water, sulfurous acid
Sodium is 8 ~ 12 with the mass ratio of running water：10000, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.1 ~ 2mol/L.
2. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in reduction lichee processing byproduct shell according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, lychee exocarp is 0.5 ~ 1kg with the amount ratio of sodium sulfite solution：1L.
3. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in reduction lichee processing byproduct shell according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the soak time of lychee exocarp is 20 ~ 30min.
4. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in reduction lichee processing byproduct shell according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, it is described it is stored refrigerated be specially the lychee exocarp after immersion is drained away the water, load plastic bag sealing, be placed in 2 ~ 6 DEG C it is cold
Hide and preserve.
5. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in reduction lichee processing byproduct shell according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be, the filling rate of polybag is not higher than 80%.
6. the method for preserving that aldehydes matter loses in reduction lichee processing byproduct shell according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be, the polybag layering after packaging lychee exocarp is placed.
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