CN1048850C - Multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with double line system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with a double line system, which comprises a micro single chip computer PIC16C54 of a main controller, a main control loop, an automatic power supply circuit, a touch signal circuit, an infrared remote control receiving circuit, etc. The present invention is characterized in that the main controller of the multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer is the micro computer; the present invention uses bridging initial phase detecting touch signal technology to realize double line system non-polarity connection and multi-port combination finger-touching induction touch control. The present invention can realize many light adjusting functions and infrared remote control, such as the light adjustment of the shield division of strong, middle and weak of an incandescent lamp, the non level light adjustment of 124 brightness levels, holiday light flicker, timing switching off, etc.

Description

Multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with double line system

The invention belongs to a kind of two-wire system dimmer switch.

At present, touch light modulation extensive use in all kinds of dimmer switchs.With various touch dimmer switch application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)s is that the controller formed of core is the most representative.For touching stepless dimming switch (seeing Fig. 3, electronics newspaper the 20 phase in 1994), M668 is two-wire system stepping dimmer switch (seeing Fig. 4, electronics 1993 year fourth phase of newspaper) as SM7232.Touch in the dimmer switch in two-wire system, most of touch end all is to link to each other with the dimmer switch integrated circuit by current limliting safety resistance, and existing two-wire system touches dimmer switch and has following shortcoming:

One, an end of dimmer switch must link to each other with phase line, even fixing a certain end links to each other with phase line, and this restriction can be described as connection polarity.Analyze through the author, the limited main cause of connection is that adopt due to the voltage crest (amplitude) of AC power the touch voltage source field of above-mentioned touch integrated circuit.If incandescent lamp is connected on phase line one end, when the controllable silicon conducting, above-mentioned touch voltage source field will not exist.

Two, the formation of touch signal is decided by the resistance of human body and environment structure, and objectively span is too big, and sensitivity has been established high and has been subject to disturb, and touching under some condition has been established in sensitivity low may be invalid.

Three, the resistance connection can not make human body isolate fully with the dimmer switch of band high-tension electricity, and metal touches pole plate also allows some forbidding.

Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of employing and is called the multi-functional dimmer switch of two-wire system that biography first phase senses touch technology is held in bridging.Realize that two-wire system touches the nonpolarity connection method of dimmer switch and refers to that sense of touch should touch control.

Touch signal circuit of the present invention is made up of the touch input and the touch input circuit of diode bridge rectifier, main controller.Touching input circuit forms by touching pole plate, input isolation capacitance and ground connection pull down resistor.Refer to that the touch pole plate that sense of touch should touch is to be separated with an insulation board outside metal polar plate.

Main points of the present invention are that the touch signal detection technique is that first phase senses touch technology is held in bridging.

The first phase stage that biography first phase touch detection technical is implemented in alternation is held in bridging, takies minimum initial phase angle, controls one-way SCR at off state by main controller.Because one-way SCR turn-offs no master control electric current, incandescent filament is equivalent to a lead.The main control loop equivalence is a bridge rectifier.Under the guiding of brachium pontis diode, though phase line or zero line, always diode bridge is communicated to the negative pole of rectification output, the i.e. public ground of main controller to the cold end of alternating current.In first cycle of alternating current, zero line is in electronegative potential, and with leading to of main controller publicly, promptly the same equipotential of main controller and the earth can not produce and touch the voltage source field.Second cycle phase line at alternating current is in electronegative potential, must lead to by forming of diode bridge and main controller publicly, thereby dimmer switch will form alternating current lower half electric field with respect to alternating current zero line and the earth publicly, promptly touch the voltage source field.Human body touch will form positive polarity and touch the electric current and voltage input.Detect for main controller.Because alternating current first phase voltage change ratio maximum, the most suitable as the input isolated component with little electric capacity, it can well transmit alternating current first phase transient signal, again personal safety is played fabulous electrostatic isolation effect.The main feature that passes first phase senses touch technology is held in bridging:

1. the touch signal half cycle has, and half cycle does not have, and transmits at interval.Effectively distinguished touch signal and various interference signal, helped detecting and the discrete touch signal.

2. hold to pass first phase senses touch technology be to be the touch signal source with alternating current first phase voltage variety in bridging, is basic touch sensing medium with electric capacity.It is little to have transfer impedance than resistance media sensing, is suitable for face width, and signal specificity is strong, antistatic characteristics.

3. first phase detects that to take alternating current half-wave phase angle few, and instantaneous voltage is low, implements with the segmentation of one-way SCR phase modulation, is independent of each other, and is Ideal Match comparatively.

4. the bridging appearance passes first phase senses touch technology and has made full use of the bridge circuit characteristics, the detection phase angle of scientific arrangement touch signal, no matter how the dimmer switch lead-in is connected in series with phase line, zero line, incandescent lamp, can both produce touch signal in the lower half first phase section of alternating current, the size of touch signal and the connection of lead-in relation are minimum, thereby have realized the touching technique of nonpolarity connection.Can be as mechanical switch wiring.

5. utilize the ground connection pull down resistor can carry out sensitivity and regulate, socket earth resistance instantly at 15M, capacitance sensing can be accomplished the input sensitivity that 10 picofarads are following, realizes finger touch sensitive (finger is held not, and contacting metal touches end).

6. the bridge-type main control loop connection that biography first phase senses touch technology is applicable to non-two-wire system is held in bridging.

7. can dispose a plurality of touch ends.

In sum, it is that first phase detects and diode bridge guides coefficient result that biography first phase senses touch technology is held in bridging, has formed unique highly sensitive touch signal technology.According to the principle of symmetry, can form touch signal circuit with the just very public ground of diode rectifier bridge, what first phase detected is the negative polarity touch signal.

The invention will be further elaborated below by an embodiment.

Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment, and Fig. 2 is the surface structure schematic diagram of embodiment, and Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively that SM7232 touches the stepless dimming switch, M668 touches stepping dimmer switch circuit theory diagrams.The invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings down.

The present invention includes main controller, governor circuit, bright attitude self power supply circuits, dark attitude self power supply circuits, energy storage filter circuit, infrared remote control receiving demodulation element circuit, touch signal circuit, return zero pulse sample circuit and clock circuit.

Main controller P1 adopts little single-chip microcomputer PIC16C54, through solidifying the control program manufacturing of the technical program within it.

PIC16C54 is eight little single-chip microcomputers of complete static EPROM, and CMOS technology is made.Inner EPROM512 * 8,26 of general registers, 6 of special function registers.Outside 18 pins, 12 is input/output terminal, is divided into 4 in A mouth, 8 in B mouth, each input/output terminal all have the protection diode of two reversal connections.This programme has used 7 of B mouth, and 1,2,17,18 pin of A mouth P1 are idle can to use it for anything else.Accompanying drawing 1 is with its ground connection.Below each functions of pins of P1 and definition are described below:

P1 is provided with three and touches input, and 7 pin of P1 touch and dim input, and 8 pin of P1 touch and lighten input, the 9 pin soft-touch control inputs of P1.Wherein, three touch inputs make up in twos and also have following three kinds of input controlled function; Touch dims and lightens combination with touch and regularly turn off the light, and touches to dim and regularly alternately light on and off of soft-touch control combination, touches to lighten and the secretly control that gets brighter gradually of soft-touch control combined and alternatively.Timing in the both-end combinatorial input is with incandescent lamp flicker indication, the every sudden strain of a muscle of incandescent lamp once regularly a minute of regularly turning off the light, the longest 4 hours 15 minutes.Regularly alternately the every sudden strain of a muscle of light on and off incandescent lamp was once delayed time one second, since 2 seconds to 4 minutes and 15 seconds.

Other functions of pins of P1 and that situation is set is as follows:

The 6 pin remote signal inputs of P1,10 pin of P1 return zero pulse sampling input, the 11 pin SCR control outputs of P1, and the bright attitude power supply of 12 pin of P1 self control voltage output end, 13 pin of P1 are not used ground connection.15 pin of P1 connect public ground of VSS power supply negative terminal, and 14 pin of P1 are positive supply VDD, 15, the 16 pin crystal oscillator clock I/Os of P1.14 pin of P1 are to start to reset to connect positive supply.3 pin of P1 are the useless positive supply that connects of outer counting input.P1 is suitable for 2.5～6.25 volts of supply voltages, the maximum 20MA of output driving current high level, the maximum 25MA of low level.

Controller P1 has following major function;

1. dim signal memory and output.124 brightness degrees.

2. first phase touches and detects.All touch and import the 0.6S action of all delaying time, to overcome various interference.Touch and also can change key switch control into, high level is effective.

3. control bright attitude self power supply circuits.

4. gradual change type light modulation.Be divided into quick gradual change type light modulation and gradual change type light modulation at a slow speed.

5. returning zero pulse detects.

6. the decoding of infrared remote-controlled signal and control output.

Main control loop: form by bridge rectifier D D, inductance L, controllable silicon SCR, triode G1 and resistance R 8.Main control loop is the main thoroughfare of incandescent lamp electric current, and this circuit belongs to the distortion of common single silicon full-bridge scheme.G1 is the part of self power supply circuits, to not influence of touch signal.Inductance L is provided with for preventing master control current interference AC power and radiated electromagnetic wave.The input of bridge rectifier D D and electrical network, incandescent lamp bulb are connected.The output negativing ending grounding of bridge rectifier D D, output plus terminal connects the controllable silicon SCR anode, and the controllable silicon SCR negative electrode connects the collector electrode of triode G1, the grounded emitter of G1, the trigger electrode of controllable silicon SCR connects 11 pin of main controller P1 through R8.

The touch signal circuit is made up of the touch input and the touch input circuit of bridge rectifier D D, main controller.The touch input circuit of embodiment is three and touches the input group, respectively by touching pole plate CM1, CM2, CM3, transmission capacitor C 10, C11, C12, resistance R 11, R12, R13 composition.Touch pole plate CM1 and be connected with an end of transmission capacitor C 10, the other end of C10 is connected with the end of ground connection pull down resistor R11, the other end ground connection of R11.The dividing potential drop node A3 of C10 and R11 connects 7 pin of P1.CM2, C11, R12 touch the input group, and the connection that CM3, C12, R13 touch the input group is analogous to CM1, touches the input group, is C11, and the series connection dividing point A4 of R12 meets the 8 pin C12 of P1, and the series connection dividing point A5 of C13 connects 9 pin of P1.Capacitor C 10, C11, C12 play signal transmission and buffer action personal, main controller safety, because characteristics of the present invention, isolation capacitance is just competent fully in 100 picofarad to 200 picofarads.Ground connection pull down resistor value is between 400K Europe to 1.5M Europe.Resistance is highly sensitive greatly.When sensitivity is high, should attach great importance to the size that touches the pole plate area, excessive itself just be equivalent to be touched the same.Another problem that should be noted that is that main controller input equivalent capacity will leave different residual voltages, can cause the inconsistent of sensitivity when extremely sensitive, discharge is once rapidly at the last phase I/O transposition of alternation for the touch input that solution is a main controller.Refer to that sense of touch should touch a kind of touch-input function that is meant on the insulation board of finger touch outside touching metal polar plate.Refer to touch pole plate that sense of touch answers generally should be outside the similar metal polar plate of an area and finger tip area subsides one dielectric coefficient more than 5, thickness is at the insulation board below 1 millimeter.Switch panel embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 partly is an insulation board, and touch sensible is arranged on the surface with finger tip size circular pit, and it is metal polar plate behind.

Return the zero pulse sample circuit, by triode G3, resistance R 4, R5 form.The base stage of G3 connects positive supply through R3, and the collector electrode of G3 connects 10 pin of P1.The collector electrode of the termination G3 of R4, the output plus terminal of another termination controllable silicon SCR.Return the zero pulse sampling and be used for synchronous 50 hz AC power supplys.Triode G3 has been connected into constant-current source and has returned the zero pulse sample circuit to substitute common electric resistance partial pressure.Can play good broadening and shaping operation to the zero pulse that returns that is little spike.

The clock circuit of main controller P1 is made up of crystal oscillator C9, resistance R 7, capacitor C 7, C8.16 pin of capacitor C 7 one termination P1, other end ground connection.C8 one end connects 15 pin of P1, other end ground connection by resistance R 7.16 pin of crystal oscillator C9 one termination P1, its other end is connected with node A2 between C8, the R7.The resonance frequency of crystal oscillator is 3.5795 megahertzes.Because crystal oscillator frequency is very stable, silicon controlled triggers phase angle stabilization,, so brought the highly stable of incandescent lamp brightness.

Infrared remote-controlled signal receiving element circuit is made up of infrared reception application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) CX20106A, reception photodiode D1 and resistance R 1, R2, R3, capacitor C 1, C2, C3.The infrared remote-controlled signal of demodulation output is sent into 6 pin of P1 through R9.What the infrared remote control receiving element adopted is general receiving element, only shielding requirements strictness.Do not use infrared remote control 6 pin of P1 can be connect high level.

R15 is dark attitude power supply circuits.

The energy storage filter circuit is made up of voltage-stabiliser tube JW2, electrochemical capacitor C5, C6, capacitor C 4, resistance R 10, R15 and resistance R 16.The energy storage filter circuit is self dc power supply unit of dimmer switch, and JW2 is a DC voltage-stabilizing, and R16 is the alternating current power failure bleeder resistance, and all the other Resistor-Capacitor Units are energy storage filtering.

Bright attitude self power supply circuits are by triode G1 and G2 (be connected into multiple tube, also can adopt an especially big triode of Darlington transistor or amplification coefficient) and voltage-stabiliser tube JW1, diode D1 and resistance R 14 compositions.Bright attitude self power supply is to be the charging of energy storage filter circuit surge in the latter stage of alternation.

This dimmer switch is the groundwork cycle with the alternation, on sequential, be decomposed into back zero pulse detection segment (going up 175～180 degree of alternation and 1～2 degree of this half-wave) each work period, first phase touches detection segment (2～4 degree), phase modulation light modulation section (4～161 degree), bright attitude direct current supply section (152～178 degree), four-stage.Indivedual segment limits are to intersect to be connected.For different needs, segment limit can be adjusted within the specific limits.

Dimmer switch can be made into the structure of accompanying drawing 2, and each circuit unit is arranged on the circuit board 1, and circuit board 1 is fixed in the housing 2, and the surface of housing 2 is provided with the finger sense of touch and answers pit 3 and infrared ray to see through window 4.

Self is charged when inserting electrical network for dimmer switch, will prevent from during debugging to get an electric shock.

Be solidificated in the explanation of special-purpose control program in the master controller P1;

The special-purpose assembler language programming of the little single-chip microcomputer of PIC is adopted in the P1 programming.The special-purpose control program of P1 is basic handling cycle or work period with the alternation, and starting point is back the zero pulse rising edge, and terminal point is back the zero pulse low level, and work goes round and begins again.The F1 timer clock of P1 is adopted in timing, and divide ratio is 64, and the counting of F1 is a timing unit.When adopting 3.5795 megahertz crystal, each alternation can be divided into nearly 140 timing units.Label is 0 to 139, and each timing unit accounts for 1.28 degree phase angles.The real-time processing corresponding relation of timing unit and technical scheme is as follows:

0 to 1 unit first phase touches time-delay.(keeping controllable silicon) at off state

2 unit touch signals are gathered.

The phase modulation light modulation of 2-to 125 unit, corresponding 1 to 124 brightness degree.1 for the brightest, and 124 for the darkest.Unit 120 are bright attitude power supply beginning, and the brightness degree value is carried out bright attitude 110 with next bright attitude power supply circuits voltage stabilizing conducting and supplied power to Unit 137 and close.

Unit 134 to 139 return zero pulse and detect, the synchronous AC power supply.

The realization of the various functions of following division.

1. luminance signal output.

Current brightness degree is to be deposited with in the brightness register.From 2 timing units (1 brightness degree), when the timing unit register followed timer F1 to increase, the content with brightness register compared one by one, when two-value equated, 11,12 pin of putting P1 were high level, triggered the SCR conducting, the G1 saturation conduction is connected the master control electric current.To reset in unit thereafter 11 pin of P1, thus the signal that triggers SCR is a narrow pulse signal.Main controller will cut out brightness output automatically when brightness degree is minimum.

2. first phase touches and detects.

First phase touches the realization that detects and is divided into signal lag and two stages of sampling.In the time-delay stage, 11 pin that at first keep P1 are low level, carry out phase delay just in Unit 0,1, delay time to first phase 3.5 to 4.5 degree.The phase instantaneous voltage is approximately 19 volts to 24 volts, and time-delay finishes.Enter sample phase, little single-chip microcomputer P1 reads the state of 7,8,9 pin and is saved in the touch register, in order to analyzing and utilizing.In order to overcome various interference, programming accumulative total touches 0.60 second effectively, count at manual register and to deposit, processing method be manual register of no signal cycle subtract one to content be one, manual register added two when touch signal was arranged, and half cycle has half cycle not have manual register to have a net increase of one when having realized touch signal.When the content of manual register greater than 30 the time (0.60 second), touch signal is identified, and touches the situation that the film pole plate is touched and handles by corresponding.

3. returning zero pulse detects.

According to the design of technical scheme, return zero pulse later at 134 timing units and detect, the read back level of zero pulse input of main controller, order is as follows; Judge low level appearance earlier, if not just not repeatedly.High level has appearred just beginning to read in low level, if not just not repeatedly, the program of having read just begins next cycle.Returning reading in advance of zero pulse is to establish for preventing that ac power frequency is higher.

4. brightness gradual change output.

The gradual change type light modulation can improve the comfort level of human eye sensitization, and helps improving the useful life of incandescent lamp.The gradual change type light modulation of main controller is divided into quick gradual change and gradual change at a slow speed.Fast the gradual change type light modulation is target with the set point, from current brightness degree, changes the speed of a brightness degree to set point change with each cycle.The gradual change type light modulation will stay for some time at each brightness degree in object variations at a slow speed, and the periodicity of its stop leaves at a slow speed in the register.In order to make gradual change soft.It is that current brightness degree rounds divided by 16 and adds that the dwell period of this programme is counted formula.

5. infrared remote-controlled signal receives the decode.

Because PIC16C54 does not have external interrupt, therefore, main controller, is analyzed and is handled according to the data of sampling then all from its 6 pin once sampling at each timing unit.

Claims (3)

1. multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with double line system, comprise main controller, governor circuit, bright attitude power supply circuits, dark attitude power supply circuits, energy storage filter circuit, touch signal circuit, infrared remote control receiving element circuit, return zero pulse sample circuit and clock circuit, it is characterized by described touch signal circuit, touch input and touch input circuit by bridge rectifier, main controller are formed, touch input circuit and comprise the touch pole plate, transmission electric capacity and ground connection pull down resistor; One end of transmission electric capacity is connected with the touch pole plate, and its other end is connected with the input of ground connection pull down resistor and main controller, the output negative terminal of another termination bridge rectifier of ground connection pull down resistor; Main controller carries out the touch signal detection at the first relative touch input of alternation.

2. multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with double line system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described touch input and touches input circuit disposing a plurality of.

3 multifunctional finger-touching induction dimmer with double line system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described touch signal circuit can symmetry be connected into anodal public area formula; What first phase detected is the negative polarity signal.

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