CN104882907A - Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system - Google Patents
Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104882907A CN104882907A CN201510253504.9A CN201510253504A CN104882907A CN 104882907 A CN104882907 A CN 104882907A CN 201510253504 A CN201510253504 A CN 201510253504A CN 104882907 A CN104882907 A CN 104882907A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bus
- layer
- annexation
- direct connection
- stepping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
The invention provides a layer-stepping topology analysis method based on a photovoltaic power control system. A complicated main wiring mode is subjected to layering processing, so that topology analysis tasks of each layer becomes simple and clear. As for the first layer, a grid connecting point is selected and a target bus is determined, and a judgment about whether the bus is in grid-connecting operation or not is made. As for the second layer, operation state and operation mode of an adjusting object are judged. Finally, an adjustable state of the adjusting object is obtained through combination with a result of layering processing. According to the invention, the method provides an excellent solution for layered and segmented systematic structure of the photovoltaic power optimal control system. The topology analysis method does not depend on the specific main wiring mode and is good in universality and expansibility, so that function modularization is realized. At the same time, the method is also suitable for other technical fields besides the photovoltaic field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of layer-stepping topology analyzing method based on photovoltaic power control system, belong to electric power system technical field of power generation.
Background technology
In recent years, along with development and the maturation of photovoltaic technology, photovoltaic plant was widelyd popularize, and had carried out the construction of scale.The photovoltaic plant built up needs to be connected to the grid, and carries out power control, to realize electric energy optimizing and power scheduling.Power optimization control sub-station needs dispatch command reasonable distribution, and is issued to each controlled plant that is incorporated into the power networks (generator, inverter etc.).The system configuration in territory, layering and zoning with the adjusting function of its brilliance and extensibility and getting most of the attention easily, and progressively captures staple market.For this system configuration, in order to better realize being incorporated into the power networks and adjustable condition adjudgement of controlled plant, need to introduce a kind of novel layer-stepping topology analyzing method.
Summary of the invention
When power control system in the past carries out topological analysis, often need, according to concrete Main connection form, to process pointedly, its implementation is complicated, and operational efficiency is low, and when Main connection form changes, have to again re-start exploitation, flexibility is very poor.In order to better realize being incorporated into the power networks and adjustable condition adjudgement of controlled plant, in conjunction with the system configuration in the territory, layering and zoning of photovoltaic power Optimal Control System, the present invention proposes a kind of layer-stepping topology analyzing method, its topological analysis part is equally applicable to other technical field beyond photovoltaic.
The present invention is concrete by the following technical solutions:
Based on a layer-stepping topology analyzing method for photovoltaic power control system, it is characterized in that:
By also netting twine, bus, mother, segmentation and main transformer etc. are as ground floor, will collect line, controlled plant etc. as the second layer, wherein, described controlled plant mainly comprises generator, inverter;
Described topology analyzing method casts aside defining of main electrical scheme pattern, by the judgement of annexation between direct electric component and the derivation of indirect annexation; For ground floor, select and site, determine target bus, the judgement whether realize target bus is incorporated into the power networks; For the second layer, realize the judgement collecting line running status, generator or invertor operation state and operational mode; Finally in conjunction with the result of this two-layer topological analysis, whether adjusted object is incorporated into the power networks, whether adjustable conclusion.
Based on a layer-stepping topology analyzing method for photovoltaic power control system, described method comprises layering setting, ground floor topological analysis, second layer topological analysis, comprehensive descision; It is characterized in that, described topology analyzing method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: layering is arranged: according to photovoltaic plant electrical main connecting wire pattern, to associated electrical components and loop numbering numbering, and distinguish and netting twine, collect line, wherein associated electrical components comprises bus, mother, segmentation, main transformer, generator, inverter; To select and netting twine, bus, mother, segmentation and main transformer be as ground floor; Selection collects line, controlled plant as the second layer, and wherein controlled plant comprises generator, inverter;
Step 2: ground floor topological analysis, divides state by the conjunction of grid-connected line loop switch and disconnecting link, judges and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus; Divide state by the conjunction of mother or segmentation circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; Divide state by the conjunction of main transformer circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; By and direct connection relational between place, site bus and bus, all and also bus of being connected of site of deriving, i.e. target bus; By target bus and and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus, whether derived object bus is incorporated into the power networks;
Step 3: second layer topological analysis, by collecting the conjunction point state of line loop switch and disconnecting link, judges the direct connection relational collecting line and bus; By the running status of controlled plant, judge whether controlled plant normally runs and be in adjustable mode;
Whether step 4: comprehensive descision, by the target bus that is incorporated into the power networks and the annexation collecting line and bus, judges whether collect line is incorporated into the power networks, then in conjunction with the running status of controlled plant and mode of operation, derive controlled plant and to be incorporated into the power networks and adjustable.
The application also preferably includes following scheme further:
And during annexation between the annexation of netting twine and bus, bus and the annexation of collecting line and bus state, the positional representation method of employing bus: during total 8 sections of bus, annexation 1 byte representation; During bus sum 16 sections, annexation 2 byte representations; The like, often increase by 8 sections of buses, annexation just increases by 1 byte representation; When the multiple of bus number deficiency 8, be supplemented to the multiple of 8, then calculate required byte number.Each expression of annexation data and the connection status of specific bus, represent connection when being 1, represent disconnection when being 0; The corresponding relation of each and specific bus is: bit0 represents 1# bus, bit1 represents 2# bus, the like.That is the N-1 power of 2 can be expressed as with the direct connection status of N# bus, be denoted as: 2^ (N-1); M# bus and the direct connection status of N# bus can be expressed as M-1 the orientation of 2 and the N-1 power of 2, are denoted as: 2^ (M-1)+2^ (N-1);
In annexation is derived, adopt the logic judging method of " position with " and " position or ".Condition adjudgement is divided to go out direct connection relational between bus by the conjunction of mother or segmentation circuit switching and disconnecting link, annexation between bus is designated as BusLink, and place, site bus is designated as BusSel, then both positions with result BusSel & BusLink illustrate the two sections of buses be directly connected by mother or segmentation and whether be selected as target bus: when result is 0, represent not selected, when result is not 0, represent selected.When position and result are not 0, both positions or result BusSel|BusLink illustrate with and there are all buses of annexation site, concrete bus is by the bit representation putting 1.In like manner, other bus can be obtained and whether be selected as target bus.
The present invention has following Advantageous Effects:
Described layer-stepping topology analyzing method, casts aside defining of main electrical scheme pattern, need not be subject to the restriction of single busbar connection, double-bus or band hospital bus bar etc. wiring patterns, and be applicable to various main electrical scheme pattern; Described layer-stepping topology analyzing method, decoupling zero main electrical scheme pattern and controlled plant, simplify topological analysis content, improves the efficiency analyzed and judge, for the system configuration in the territory, layering and zoning of photovoltaic power Optimal Control System provides splendid solution; Described layer-stepping topology analyzing method, involved algorithm, is more a simplified judgement, improves efficiency, is equally applicable to the technical field beyond photovoltaic.
If have employed described layer-stepping topology analyzing method, when main electrical scheme pattern changes or System Expansion is upgraded, only by few change even by optimum configurations, need can realize the topological analysis of whole system.The change of being correlated with just may comprise the direct connection relational of adding newly-increased bus, adding newly-increased element or circuit, and the number of times that the derivation of indirect annexation only need increase cycle criterion can realize.Thus, this layer-stepping topology analyzing method, conveniently carries out System Expansion upgrading, effectively can reduce time and the cost of capacity expansion and upgrading, greatly improves project progress and project quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic plant electrical main connecting wire schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the layer-stepping topology analyzing method general flow chart that the present invention is based on photovoltaic power control system.
Fig. 3 is main-process stream step 2---ground floor topological analysis flow chart.
Fig. 4 is main-process stream step 3---second layer topological analysis flow chart.
Fig. 5 is main-process stream step 4---comprehensive descision flow chart.
Embodiment
Below just in conjunction with Figure of description---electrical main connecting wire schematic diagram and method flow diagram, further illustrate the specific embodiment of the present invention.For ease of illustrating, this example selects high-pressure side single busbar connection, the main electrical scheme pattern of low-pressure side list mother partition, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, bus is the low-impedance conductor that can connect multiple electric loop.Between two groups of buses and the loop allowing two groups of buses to connect, generally comprise switch and disconnecting link, under double bus scheme pattern, be called mother, under single mother partition wiring patterns, be called segmentation.For the photovoltaic plant by step-up transformer access public electric wire net, the boosting be directly connected with electrical network becomes high-voltage side bus for and site, link box change and the circuit that boosts between low pressure side bus are into collecting line.For the photovoltaic plant directly not accessed public electric wire net by transformer, it exports aggregation point is and site that link box change and the circuit also between the bus of place, site are into collecting line.Described and netting twine, namely connects and circuit between site and electric power system.Described target bus, be with and there is the bus of actual annexation site.Controlled plant is generator or inverter.
As shown in Figure 2 for the present invention is based on the layer-stepping topology analyzing method general flow chart of photovoltaic power control system, described layer-stepping topology analyzing method comprises the following steps:
Step one: first give related elements and loop numbering, as shown in electrical main connecting wire schematic diagram.Wherein, comprise 3 sections of buses, 1 segmentation, 1 and netting twine, 2 main transformers and 6 collect line.Then layering: divide low-voltage bus bar and be that ground floor (comprises 3 sections of buses with upper part, 1 segmentation, article 1, and netting twine and 2 main transformers), collect line and with lower part be the second layer (comprise 6 collect line and every bar collect line under controlled plant).
Step 2: next carry out the analysis of ground floor topology.Divide state by the conjunction of grid-connected line loop switch and disconnecting link, judge and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus; Divide state by the conjunction of mother or segmentation circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; Divide state by the conjunction of main transformer circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; By and direct connection relational between place, site bus and bus, all and also bus of being connected of site of deriving, i.e. target bus; By target bus and and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus, whether derived object bus is incorporated into the power networks;
First divide state according to the conjunction of switch and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational with bus.As shown in Figure 3, according to grid-connected wiretap L1-2 and 1# of 1# and the condition adjudgement 1# of netting twine disconnecting link L1-1/L1-3 the annexation of netting twine and 1# bus, be designated as BusLinkL; According to 1# block switch B1-1 and the condition adjudgement 2# bus of 1# segmentation handcart B1-2/B1-3 and the annexation of 3# bus, be designated as BusLinkB; According to 1# main transformer low-side switch T1-1,1# main transformer low-pressure side handcart T1-2,1# main transformer high side switch T1-4 and the condition adjudgement 1# bus of 1# main transformer high-pressure side disconnecting link T1-3/T1-5 and the annexation of 2# bus, be designated as BusLinkT1; According to 2# main transformer low-side switch T2-1,2# main transformer low-pressure side handcart T2-2,2# main transformer high side switch T2-4 and the condition adjudgement 1# bus of 2# main transformer high-pressure side disconnecting link T2-3/T2-5 and the annexation of 3# bus, be designated as BusLinkT2.Then according to the annexation between the bus selected and bus, all target bus of deriving.Such as, selecting 1# bus for regulating bus, being designated as BusSel; If 1# bus is directly connected with 2# bus, i.e. (BusSel & BusLinkT1==true), 1# bus is directly connected with 3# bus, i.e. (BusSel & BusLinkT2==true), so, 1#/2#/3# bus is target bus, i.e. BusAim=(BusLinkT1|BusLinkT2).Finally according to target bus and and the annexation (BusAim & BusLinkL) of netting twine, whether derived object bus is incorporated into the power networks, and all buses that is incorporated into the power networks are designated as BusRun.Connect example, 1#/2#/3# bus is target bus, if 1# netting twine are directly connected with 1# bus, then 1#/2#/3# bus is incorporated into the power networks, and can regulate; Otherwise 1#/2#/3# bus off-grid, without the need to regulating.
Step 3: and then carry out second layer topological analysis, first divides state according to the conjunction of switch and disconnecting link, judges the direct connection relational collecting line and bus; By the running status of controlled plant, judge whether controlled plant normally runs and be in adjustable mode.
As shown in Figure 4, the annexation that condition adjudgement 1# that wiretap G1-1 and 1# collect line handcart G1-2 collects line and 2# bus is collected according to 1#, be designated as BusLinkG1, the annexation that condition adjudgement 2# that wiretap G2-1 and 2# collect line handcart G2-2 collects line and 2# bus is collected according to 2#, be designated as BusLinkG2, the like.Then by the running status of controlled plant, running status and the operational mode of controlled plant is judged.Such as, the n# inverter connected under line is collected for m# or generator, normal in its communication, normal operation, fault-free, without locking, and when operating in adjustable pattern, put ready mark, be designated as ReadyGn.
Step 4: finally in conjunction with the analysis result of ground floor and the second layer, carry out comprehensive descision.As shown in Figure 5, first carry out collecting line to be incorporated into the power networks judgement: by collecting the direct connection relational BusLinkG of line and bus, and the target bus BusRun be incorporated into the power networks, adopt position and logical process method, i.e. (BusRun & BusLinkG), judge whether collect line is incorporated into the power networks.When position and result are 0, represent that this collects line and is not incorporated into the power networks; When position and result are not 0, represent that this collects line and is incorporated into the power networks.Then the whether adjustable judgement of controlled plant is carried out: collect the ready mark ReadyG of inverter or generator under line in conjunction with this, namely be incorporated into the power networks when collecting line, and its lower inverter or generator ready time, this inverter or generator adjustable, otherwise non-adjustable.Thus, power control station or main website just can according to set allocation strategies, and the inverter adjustable to these or generator distribute target instruction target word.
This stratified implementation method of complicated main electrical scheme pattern, make the topological analysis task of every one deck all more succinct and clear and definite.For ground floor, input target bus or target netting twine, export all buses be incorporated into the power networks; For the second layer, judge running status and the operational mode of controlled plant; Finally in conjunction with the result of layered shaping, the adjustable state of adjusted object.The topology analyzing method wherein used, is no longer dependent on concrete main electrical scheme pattern, has good versatility and expansibility, achieve the modularization of function.
Claims (5)
1., based on a layer-stepping topology analyzing method for photovoltaic power control system, it is characterized in that:
By also netting twine, bus, mother, segmentation and main transformer etc. are as ground floor, will collect line, controlled plant etc. as the second layer, wherein, described controlled plant mainly comprises generator, inverter;
Described topology analyzing method casts aside defining of main electrical scheme pattern, by the judgement of annexation between direct electric component and the derivation of indirect annexation; For ground floor, select and site, determine target bus, the judgement whether realize target bus is incorporated into the power networks; For the second layer, realize the judgement collecting line running status, generator or invertor operation state and operational mode; Finally in conjunction with the result of this two-layer topological analysis, whether adjusted object is incorporated into the power networks, whether adjustable conclusion.
2., based on a layer-stepping topology analyzing method for photovoltaic power control system, described method comprises layering setting, ground floor topological analysis, second layer topological analysis, comprehensive descision; It is characterized in that, described topology analyzing method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: layering is arranged: according to photovoltaic plant electrical main connecting wire pattern, to associated electrical components and loop numbering numbering, and distinguish and netting twine, collect line, wherein associated electrical components comprises bus, mother, segmentation, main transformer, generator, inverter; To select and netting twine, bus, mother, segmentation and main transformer be as ground floor; Selection collects line, controlled plant as the second layer, and wherein controlled plant comprises generator, inverter;
Step 2: ground floor topological analysis, divides state by the conjunction of grid-connected line loop switch and disconnecting link, judges and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus; Divide state by the conjunction of mother or segmentation circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; Divide state by the conjunction of main transformer circuit switching and disconnecting link, judge the direct connection relational between bus; By and direct connection relational between place, site bus and bus, all and also bus of being connected of site of deriving, i.e. target bus; By target bus and and the direct connection relational of netting twine and bus, whether derived object bus is incorporated into the power networks;
Step 3: second layer topological analysis, by collecting the conjunction point state of line loop switch and disconnecting link, judges the direct connection relational collecting line and bus; By the running status of controlled plant, judge whether controlled plant normally runs and be in adjustable mode;
Whether step 4: comprehensive descision, by the target bus that is incorporated into the power networks and the annexation collecting line and bus, judges whether collect line is incorporated into the power networks, then in conjunction with the running status of controlled plant and mode of operation, derive controlled plant and to be incorporated into the power networks and adjustable.
3. layer-stepping topology analyzing method according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
And during annexation between the annexation of netting twine and bus, bus and the annexation of collecting line and bus state, the positional representation method of employing bus: during total 8 sections of bus, annexation 1 byte representation; During bus sum 16 sections, annexation 2 byte representations; The like, often increase by 8 sections of buses, annexation just increases by 1 byte representation; When the multiple of bus number deficiency 8, be supplemented to the multiple of 8, then calculate required byte number.
4. layer-stepping topology analyzing method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Each expression of annexation data and the connection status of specific bus, represent connection when being 1, represent disconnection when being 0; The corresponding relation of each and specific bus is: bit0 represents 1# bus, bit1 represents 2# bus, the like; That is the N-1 power of 2 can be expressed as with the direct connection status of N# bus, be denoted as: 2^ (N-1); M# bus and the direct connection status of N# bus can be expressed as M-1 the orientation of 2 and the N-1 power of 2, are denoted as: 2^ (M-1)+2^ (N-1).
5. the layer-stepping topology analyzing method according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that:
In annexation is derived, adopt the logic judging method of " position with " and " position or ":
Condition adjudgement is divided to go out direct connection relational between bus by the conjunction of mother or segmentation circuit switching and disconnecting link, annexation between bus is designated as BusLink, and place, site bus is designated as BusSel, then both positions with result BusSel & BusLink illustrate the two sections of buses be directly connected by mother or segmentation and whether be selected as target bus: when result is 0, represent not selected, when result is not 0, represent selected; When position and result are not 0, both positions or result BusSel|BusLink illustrate with and there are all buses of annexation site, concrete bus is by the bit representation putting 1; In like manner, other bus can be obtained and whether be selected as target bus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510253504.9A CN104882907A (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2015-05-18 | Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510253504.9A CN104882907A (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2015-05-18 | Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104882907A true CN104882907A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
Family
ID=53950291
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510253504.9A Pending CN104882907A (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2015-05-18 | Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104882907A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178517A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Multilevel topological analysis method for power system |
| KR20150004477A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-13 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Power supply control system and method |
| CN104348158A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Automatic generation method for coordinated control area in region-county integrated automatic voltage control |
| CN104393603A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | Method for generating control unit in automatic voltage control in real time on basis of topology coloring |
| CN104599197A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent substation protection system reliability stratified equivalent method |
-
2015
- 2015-05-18 CN CN201510253504.9A patent/CN104882907A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178517A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Multilevel topological analysis method for power system |
| KR20150004477A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-13 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Power supply control system and method |
| CN104393603A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | Method for generating control unit in automatic voltage control in real time on basis of topology coloring |
| CN104348158A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-02-11 | 国家电网公司 | Automatic generation method for coordinated control area in region-county integrated automatic voltage control |
| CN104599197A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent substation protection system reliability stratified equivalent method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 袁建刚等: "基于分层模型配电网结构知识表示的拓扑分析方法", 《南方电网技术》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105141464B (en) | The grid structure planing method that a kind of power transmission and distribution are coordinated | |
| CN110490376B (en) | Intelligent soft switch planning method for improving reliability and economy of power distribution network | |
| CN104348158B (en) | In the integrated automatism voltage control in ground county, coordinate the automatic generation method of control zone | |
| CN103762602B (en) | Net is economized and is coordinated transformer station's automatic voltage control method | |
| CN104166944B (en) | A kind of grid switching operation bill automatic generation method of railway substation | |
| CN105846422B (en) | A kind of large capacity grid short circuit current control stimulation optimization configuration method | |
| CN110414810B (en) | Multi-terminal intelligent soft switch optimal configuration method and system considering load loss risk | |
| CN106327025A (en) | Planning method for interactive high voltage distribution network based on local optimization goal | |
| CN102290798A (en) | Quick power supply restoring rule based on distribution network wire connecting way | |
| CN103746388A (en) | Electric distribution network reactive-voltage three-level coordination control method | |
| CN113888350A (en) | Power grid planning project ordering method considering power supply reliability in transition period | |
| CN108631278B (en) | The Optimal Configuration Method of breaker and fault current limiter in a kind of looped network formula direct-current micro-grid | |
| CN107292481A (en) | A kind of power network key node appraisal procedure based on pitch point importance | |
| Kasaei | Optimal placement of distributed generation and capacitor in distribution networks by ant colony algorithm | |
| CN114530846A (en) | Power distribution network transfer network reconstruction method, device and storage medium | |
| CN103633668A (en) | Reconstruction method of power distribution network | |
| CN104078988A (en) | Voltage reactive treatment system and method for power distribution network area | |
| CN105095971A (en) | Comprehensive assessment planning method based on power distribution network subareas | |
| CN106786572B (en) | The grid operation mode that configuration shunt capacitor alleviates voltage dip determines method | |
| CN108233324A (en) | Electric network model and computational methods based on more power type relay protection setting calculations | |
| CN109377020B (en) | Power transmission network planning method considering load transfer capacity of power distribution network | |
| CN108964151B (en) | Microgrid grid structure design method and system | |
| CN111262260A (en) | Join in marriage combined electric energy quality of net low pressure platform district and synthesize and administer device | |
| CN207039200U (en) | A kind of new phase-change switch formula three-phase current unbalance controlling device | |
| CN104882907A (en) | Layer-stepping topology analysis method based on photovoltaic power control system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150902 |