CN104882051A - Photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system - Google Patents
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
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- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- G09B23/188—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism for motors; for generators; for power supplies; for power distribution
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system. A photovoltaic module is connected with a micro inverter set. The micro inverter set is connected with an ammeter distribution module. The ammeter distribution module is joined in a public supply network. In a circuit direction from the ammeter distribution module to the public supply network, two ways are separated from an output end of the ammeter distribution module and are connected with a load fluorescent lamp and a data collection controller respectively. The data collection controller is connected with an input end of a router, and another input end of the router is connected with an Internet. Two ways are separated from the router and are connected with a monitor computer and a short-range display device respectively. The monitor computer is sequentially connected with a direct current electronic load, a controller, a fourth breaker and a second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic assembly. A storage battery set has two ways which are connected with the controller and an input end of an off grid inverter respectively, and an output end of the off grid inverter is connected with an input end of an alternating current electronic load. The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system provided by the invention achieves three functions of photovoltaic conversion, alternating current generation and grid connection of a photovoltaic assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a teaching experiment demonstration system, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system.
Background
In order to fully display the characteristics of the photovoltaic technology and the application thereof and enhance the perceptual knowledge of students on photovoltaic power generation and visually demonstrate the effect of photovoltaic power generation, all colleges and universities can carry out actual observation and simulation experiment operation through a photovoltaic power generation demonstration system.
At present, only a few colleges and universities have photovoltaic power generation demonstration systems built in China, but the scale is large, and the demonstration and experiment effects are not ideal because the demonstration and experiment effects are only formed by one off-grid or grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system, and aims to solve the problems that the existing photovoltaic power generation demonstration system is large in scale, single in system function, unsatisfactory in demonstration effect and the like.
The invention is realized in this way, a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system, including the demonstration subsystem of the grid-connected power generation and monitoring display subsystem;
the monitoring display subsystem comprises a monitoring computer and a short-range display device, wherein the monitoring computer is used for displaying the voltage and current working state of the photovoltaic module, monitoring the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module and controlling the micro-inverter to work;
the grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem comprises: the photovoltaic energy management system comprises a photovoltaic module, a micro-inverter group, a data acquisition controller, an ammeter power distribution module, a router and a load fluorescent lamp, wherein the photovoltaic module is used for providing photovoltaic energy, the micro-inverter group is used for acquiring voltage and current of the photovoltaic module and voltage frequency numerical values of alternating current and converting direct current into alternating current, the data acquisition controller is used for acquiring the voltage, current, alternating voltage and alternating current frequency data of the photovoltaic module acquired by the micro-inverter group and transmitting the data to the monitoring computer;
the output end of the photovoltaic module is connected with the micro-inverter group, the output end of the micro-inverter group is connected with the input end of the electric meter power distribution module, the output end of the electric meter power distribution module is connected with a public power grid, the circuit direction of the electric meter power distribution module to the public power grid is realized, the output end of the electric meter power distribution module is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the input ends of the load fluorescent lamp and the data acquisition controller, the data acquisition controller is connected with one input end of the router, the other input end of the router is connected with the internet, and the output end of the router is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the monitoring computer and the short-range display equipment.
Preferably, the electricity meter power distribution module comprises an electricity meter, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker and a third circuit breaker; the output end of the micro-inverter group, the first circuit breaker and the input end of an electric meter are sequentially connected, the output end of the electric meter is connected with the input end of a second circuit breaker, the output end of the second circuit breaker is connected into a public power grid, and the output end of the second circuit breaker is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the input ends of a load fluorescent lamp and a data acquisition controller in the circuit direction from the second circuit breaker to the public power grid; and a third circuit breaker is arranged on an access circuit of the load fluorescent lamp.
Preferably, the photovoltaic module comprises a first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly, a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly and an amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assembly; the micro-inverter group comprises a first micro-inverter, a second micro-inverter and a third micro-inverter;
the output ends of the first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly, the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly and the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assembly are respectively connected with the input ends of the first micro inverter, the second micro inverter and the third micro inverter, and the first micro inverter, the second micro inverter and the third micro inverter are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the input end of the first circuit breaker.
Preferably, the monitoring display subsystem further comprises a remote display device for displaying parameters of voltage, current and power generation amount of the photovoltaic module, and the remote display device is connected to the internet.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system further comprises an off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem;
the off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem comprises a storage battery pack, an alternating current electronic load, a second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module, a controller, a direct current electronic load and a fourth circuit breaker, wherein the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module is used for supplying power to the storage battery pack and the alternating current electronic load; wherein,
the monitoring computer, the direct current electronic load, the controller, the fourth circuit breaker and the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module are sequentially connected;
the storage battery pack is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the input ends of the controller and the off-grid inverter, and the output end of the off-grid inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current electronic load.
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system which comprises an off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem, a grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem and a monitoring and displaying subsystem; the grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem realizes the photovoltaic conversion, alternating current power generation and grid-connected functions of the three types of photovoltaic modules; the off-grid electricity demonstration subsystem realizes the functions of photovoltaic conversion, electric energy storage and load power supply of the photovoltaic module; the monitoring and displaying subsystem realizes the functions of controlling the network and the load in the off-grid subsystem and the on-grid subsystem and monitoring and displaying the state.
Through the operation of the system, teachers can directly log in the power generation monitoring system in classrooms to observe power generation data, and the real-time data is directly compared with theories, so that the teaching effect is improved; the teaching building hall display screen displays the running state of the power generation system in real time, so that the learning interest of non-photovoltaic professional students is stimulated, the composition of a photovoltaic system is known, and the consciousness of photovoltaic energy conservation and environmental protection is enhanced; remote login enables students who observe experiments for a long time and teachers who maintain the experiments to have very convenient and fast effects. The monitoring system in the laboratory can change multiple states, and students can develop exploratory researches in the aspects of photovoltaic module performance, power generation characteristics and the like. Through the operation of nearly two years, this experimental system operates well, has played the purpose of supplementary teaching.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the system has the characteristics of less investment, small scale, capability of independently detecting the parameters of each component, high cost performance, easiness in operation, stable performance, safety and reliability, and capability of meeting the requirements of experimental teaching links such as cognition, inspiration and comprehensiveness and the like and the training of the practical ability of students.
(2) The main equipment of the invention uses independent structural bodies, which is convenient for teaching courses to introduce and test functions of each sub-module and is also convenient for construction, maintenance and repair; the photovoltaic module access, the grid-connected inverter, the load lamp and the power grid are connected through the air switch, and the equipment and personnel safety is guaranteed.
(3) The state and data of the invention have various display modes, the micro inverter, the photovoltaic controller and the ammeter are all provided with indicating lamps, the operation condition and the data change condition of the equipment can be observed in various modes such as the field of a photovoltaic assembly, a laboratory and a remote computer which can access the Internet, the operation condition is intuitive, and the operation condition of the equipment can be conveniently known by construction, experiment and maintenance personnel in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem in the photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system of the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem in the photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system.
A photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system comprises a grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem 1 and a monitoring display subsystem 2;
the monitoring display subsystem 2 comprises a monitoring computer 2-1 and a short-range display device 2-2, wherein the monitoring computer is used for displaying the voltage and current working state of the photovoltaic module, monitoring the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module and controlling the micro-inverter to work;
the grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem 1 comprises: the photovoltaic energy supply system comprises a photovoltaic module 1-1 for providing photovoltaic energy, a micro-inverter group 1-2 for acquiring voltage and current of the photovoltaic module 1-1 and voltage frequency numerical values of alternating current and converting direct current into alternating current, a data acquisition controller 1-3 for acquiring data of the voltage, the photovoltaic module current, the alternating voltage and the alternating current frequency of the photovoltaic module 1-1 acquired by the micro-inverter group 1-2 and transmitting the data to a monitoring computer 2-1, an electric meter power distribution module 1-4 for metering generated electric energy, a router 1-5 and a load fluorescent lamp 1-6;
wherein the output end of the photovoltaic module 1-1 is connected with the micro-inverter group 1-2, the output end of the micro inverter group 1-2 is connected with the input end of the electricity meter distribution module 1-4, the output end of the electricity meter distribution module 1-4 is connected with a public power grid, in the circuit direction from the electric meter power distribution module 1-4 to the public power grid, the output end of the electric meter power distribution module 1-4 is divided into two paths and respectively connected with the input ends of the load fluorescent lamps 1-6 and the data acquisition controller 1-3, the data acquisition controller 1-3 is connected with one input end of the router 1-5, the other input end of the router 1-5 is connected with the internet, and the output end of the router 1-5 is divided into two paths to be respectively connected with the monitoring computer 2-1 and the short-range display equipment 2-2.
In the embodiment of the invention, more specifically, the electric meter power distribution module 1-4 comprises an electric meter 1-41, a first circuit breaker 1-42, a second circuit breaker 1-43 and a third circuit breaker 1-44; the output end of the micro-inverter group 1-2, the input ends of the first circuit breakers 1-42 and the electric meters 1-41 are sequentially connected, the output end of the electric meters 1-41 is connected with the input end of the second circuit breakers 1-43, the output ends of the second circuit breakers 1-43 are connected to a public power grid, and the output ends of the second circuit breakers 1-43 are divided into two paths and are respectively connected with the input ends of the load fluorescent lamps 1-6 and the data acquisition controller 1-3 in the circuit direction from the second circuit breakers 1-43 to the public power grid; and a third circuit breaker 1-44 is arranged on an access line of the load fluorescent lamp 1-6.
In the practical application process of the embodiment of the invention, the monitoring process of the monitoring computer 2-1 on the grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem 1 specifically comprises the following steps: the inverter group 1-2 connected with the photovoltaic module 1-1 starts grid-connected power generation after the first circuit breaker 1-42 and the second circuit breaker 1-43 are closed, the data acquisition controller 1-3 connected with the monitoring computer 2-1 is communicated with the inverter group 1-2 to acquire data such as photovoltaic module 1-1 voltage, photovoltaic module 1-1 current, alternating current voltage, alternating current frequency and the like acquired by the inverter group 1-2, and the currently acquired data is displayed and stored through the short-range display equipment 2-2, or historical data stored before can be displayed; whether the inverter group 1-2 works or not is controlled by selecting the inverter group 1-2 to be switched on or switched off through software of a monitoring computer 2-1, and a switching command is communicated with the inverter group 1-2 through a data acquisition controller 1-3 to complete control over the inverter group 1-2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, more specifically, the inverter group 1-2 includes a first micro-inverter 1-21, a second micro-inverter 1-22, and a third micro-inverter 1-23, where the micro-inverter is a low-power electric energy converter that converts direct current into alternating current, and includes a function of collecting voltage and current of the photovoltaic module 1-1 and voltage and frequency values of the alternating current; the photovoltaic module 1-1 comprises a first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation component 1-11, a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation component 1-12 and an amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation component 1-13; the output ends of the first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly 1-11, the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly 1-12 and the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assembly 1-13 are respectively connected with the input ends of a first micro-inverter 1-21, a second micro-inverter 1-22 and a third micro-inverter 1-23, and the first micro-inverter 1-21, the second micro-inverter 1-22 and the third micro-inverter 1-23 are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the input ends of the first circuit breaker 1-42.
The software of the monitoring computer 2-1 selects one micro inverter in the inverter group 1-2 to be switched on or switched off, and a switching command is communicated with the first micro inverter 1-21, the second micro inverter 1-22 and the third micro inverter 1-23 through the data acquisition controller 1-3 to complete the control of the inverter group 1-2. In the control process, the power supply conversion of the first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-11, the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-12 and the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-13 is correspondingly realized. Data such as current, alternating current voltage, alternating current frequency and the like of the first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-11, the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-12 and the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assemblies 1-13 are displayed and stored on a short-range display device.
The invention realizes the synchronous parameter test of three typical photovoltaic cell components of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and thin film and the comparison test of outdoor long-term operation.
The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment teaching system further comprises an off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem 3; the off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem 3 comprises a storage battery pack 3-1, an alternating current electronic load 3-2, a second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 used for supplying power to the storage battery pack 3-1 and the alternating current electronic load 3-2, a controller 3-4 used for controlling the storage battery pack 3-1 to be charged, a direct current electronic load 3-5 used for testing the electrical property output by the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3, a fourth circuit breaker 3-6 used for being off-grid with a public power grid and an off-grid inverter 3-7 used for supplying power to the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 and leading the power to the load; the monitoring computer 2-1, the direct current electronic load 3-5, the controller 3-4, the fourth circuit breaker 3-6 and the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 are sequentially connected; the storage battery 3-1 is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the controller 3-4 and the input end of the off-grid inverter 3-7, and the output end of the off-grid inverter 3-7 is connected with the input end of the alternating current electronic load 3-2.
In the off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem 3, a direct current electronic load instrument is used for testing the electrical property output by the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 by the direct current electronic load 3-5; the controllers 3-4 are photovoltaic controllers. The alternating current electronic load 3-2 is a lamp and is used for directly observing the power generation effect.
In the practical application process of the embodiment of the invention, the monitoring process of the off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem 3 by the monitoring computer 2-1 is as follows: the output of the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 is communicated with a direct current electronic load 3-5 through a photovoltaic controller 3-4, the direct current electronic load 3-5 uses a direct current electronic load instrument, a monitoring computer 2-1 is connected with the direct current electronic load instrument through a communication cable, the direct current electronic load instrument can be set to work in various modes such as constant current and constant voltage and the like on the monitoring computer 2-1 through software, the working point value of the electronic load instrument can also be set, and the on-off of the direct current electronic load instrument can be controlled; the monitoring computer 2-1 obtains voltage, current and power data measured by the direct current electronic load instrument and displays the data on the short-range display device 2-2, and can display current data and historical data for observing the electrical characteristics of the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module 3-3 in working modes of constant current, constant voltage and the like.
The grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem realizes the photovoltaic conversion, alternating current power generation and grid-connected functions of three types of photovoltaic modules; the off-grid electricity demonstration subsystem realizes the functions of photovoltaic conversion, electric energy storage and load power supply of the photovoltaic module; the monitoring and displaying subsystem realizes the functions of controlling the network and the load in the off-grid subsystem and the on-grid subsystem and monitoring and displaying the state.
The system has the characteristics of less investment, small scale, capability of independently detecting the parameters of each component and high cost performance, is easy to operate, stable in performance, safe and reliable, meets the requirements of experiment teaching links such as cognition, inspiration and comprehensiveness and the like and the training of the practical ability of students, can arouse the interest of experimenters through demonstration and operation of the experiment teaching system, is favorable for promoting quality education, cultivates innovative spirit and practical ability, and more easily meets the requirements of experiment and function demonstration of students in the relevant major of the school.
In addition, the main equipment of the invention uses an independent structure body, which is convenient for teaching courses to introduce and test functions of each sub-module and is also convenient for construction, maintenance and repair; the photovoltaic module access, grid-connected inverter, load lamp and power grid are connected through the first to fourth circuit breakers, and equipment and personnel safety is guaranteed.
The state and data of the invention have many display modes, the micro inverter, the photovoltaic controller and the ammeter have indicator lights, the equipment operation condition and the data change condition can be observed in many modes such as the photovoltaic module field, the laboratory, the remote accessible indicator light, the data acquisition controller 1-3, the monitoring computer 2-1 connected to the internet, etc. the invention has intuitive operation condition, and is convenient for the construction, experiment and maintenance personnel to know the equipment operation condition in time.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system is characterized by comprising a grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem and a monitoring display subsystem;
the monitoring display subsystem comprises a monitoring computer and a short-range display device, wherein the monitoring computer is used for displaying the voltage and current working state of the photovoltaic module, monitoring the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module and controlling the micro-inverter to work;
the grid-connected power generation demonstration subsystem comprises: the photovoltaic energy management system comprises a photovoltaic module, a micro-inverter group, a data acquisition controller, an ammeter power distribution module, a router and a load fluorescent lamp, wherein the photovoltaic module is used for providing photovoltaic energy, the micro-inverter group is used for acquiring voltage and current of the photovoltaic module and voltage frequency numerical values of alternating current and converting direct current into alternating current, the data acquisition controller is used for acquiring the voltage, current, alternating voltage and alternating current frequency data of the photovoltaic module acquired by the micro-inverter group and transmitting the data to the monitoring computer;
the output end of the photovoltaic module is connected with the micro-inverter group, the output end of the micro-inverter group is connected with the input end of the electric meter power distribution module, the output end of the electric meter power distribution module is connected with a public power grid, the circuit direction of the electric meter power distribution module to the public power grid is realized, the output end of the electric meter power distribution module is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the input ends of the load fluorescent lamp and the data acquisition controller, the data acquisition controller is connected with one input end of the router, the other input end of the router is connected with the internet, and the output end of the router is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the monitoring computer and the short-range display equipment.
2. The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experimentation system according to claim 1, wherein the electricity meter distribution module includes an electricity meter, a first circuit breaker, a second circuit breaker, and a third circuit breaker; the output end of the micro-inverter group, the first circuit breaker and the input end of an electric meter are sequentially connected, the output end of the electric meter is connected with the input end of a second circuit breaker, the output end of the second circuit breaker is connected into a public power grid, and the output end of the second circuit breaker is divided into two paths and is respectively connected with the input ends of a load fluorescent lamp and a data acquisition controller in the circuit direction from the second circuit breaker to the public power grid; and a third circuit breaker is arranged on an access circuit of the load fluorescent lamp.
3. The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experimentation system according to claim 2, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly, a polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly and an amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assembly; the micro-inverter group comprises a first micro-inverter, a second micro-inverter and a third micro-inverter;
the output ends of the first monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly, the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic power generation assembly and the amorphous silicon thin film photovoltaic power generation assembly are respectively connected with the input ends of the first micro inverter, the second micro inverter and the third micro inverter, and the first micro inverter, the second micro inverter and the third micro inverter are sequentially connected in series and then connected with the input end of the first circuit breaker.
4. The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring display subsystem further comprises a remote display device for displaying parameters of voltage, current and power generation amount of the photovoltaic module, and the remote display device is connected to the internet.
5. The photovoltaic power generation demonstration and experiment system of claim 1 further comprising an off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem;
the off-grid power generation demonstration subsystem comprises a storage battery pack, an alternating current electronic load, a second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module, a controller, a direct current electronic load and a fourth circuit breaker, wherein the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module is used for supplying power to the storage battery pack and the alternating current electronic load; wherein,
the monitoring computer, the direct current electronic load, the controller, the fourth circuit breaker and the second monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module are sequentially connected;
the storage battery pack is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the input ends of the controller and the off-grid inverter, and the output end of the off-grid inverter is connected with the input end of the alternating current electronic load.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106991883A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-28 | 西华大学 | A kind of photovoltaic generation science popularization demo system and method |
| CN112039213A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 烟台工程职业技术学院(烟台市技师学院) | Photovoltaic power generation remote monitoring/teaching device |
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