CN104881018B - Water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests system and test method - Google Patents
Water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104881018B CN104881018B CN201510138091.XA CN201510138091A CN104881018B CN 104881018 B CN104881018 B CN 104881018B CN 201510138091 A CN201510138091 A CN 201510138091A CN 104881018 B CN104881018 B CN 104881018B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008672 reprogramming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004454 trace mineral analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of water paddy irrigation water effective utilization coefficients Auto-Test Systems for miniature irrigation area, including water level sensor, channel water level sensor, soil humidity sensor in farmland is arranged, data acquire sub-control system, and data acquire total empty set system and host computer data receiving system.The present invention discloses the test methods of the system.Compared with prior art, the present invention system expansion is good, stability is strong, easy to operate, and institute's gathered data accuracy is high, is suitable for large-scale promotion.Conditional wake-up testing mechanism of the optoelectronic integration water level measurement device according to setting improves the operability of system the characteristics of can substantially reducing electric quantity consumption caused by routine test, also more be directed to field irrigation time Relatively centralized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural water conservancy project fields, and it is automatic to be related to a kind of irrigation water effective utilization coefficients suitable for irrigated area
Change measurement system, the present invention discloses its test methods.
Background technology
China's water resource is insufficient, and imbalance between supply and demand protrudes, it has also become the key restriction factors of the sustainable development of socio-economy.Add
It builds a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society soon, realizes economic development and population, resource, environment coordination, be modern latter
Long-term and urgent task.Currently, national irrigation water capacity accounts for about 60% of total water consumption or more, the 98% of irrigated area is ground
Face is irrigated, and irrigation method is extensive, and the utilization rate and utilization benefit of irrigation water are relatively low, and therefore, water-efficient irrigation is to build water-saving society
The primary content of meeting.
Irrigation water effective utilization coefficients be at certain or sometime in the net duty and water source that are utilized by crops
The ratio of water diversion is always irrigated at head works, it and irrigated area natural conditions, engineering situation, management of the use of water level, irrigation technique etc. because
It is known as pass, is the important indicator for evaluating irrigation water efficiency.Trace analysis irrigation water effective utilization coefficients situation of change, rationally
Water saving potential and development of water saving irrigation effect are evaluated, for promoting water-efficient irrigation sound development to be of great significance.
Irrigation water effective utilization coefficients are mostly used greatly Ministry of Water Resources and recommend to be tested using head and the tail method at present, and allusion quotation is chosen in test
Type point is more, covering surface is big, the testing time is long, and the data existence time error of different monitoring points acquisition, basic nurse crop are complete
Breeding time, based on manual testing, human cost is high in test process, and the testing time is by shadows such as weather, crop, soil moisture contents
The condition of sound is more, need to be equipped with more artificial amount of redundancy, has further raised the human cost of test, and manual testing is read in the process
The artificial disturbing factor such as number error influences, and reduces the accuracy of irrigation water effective utilization coefficients.Therefore, a kind of to be used for small-sized filling
The water paddy irrigation water effective utilization coefficients Auto-Test System in area is by means of test automation, accuracy height, wireless telecommunications, data
Convenient for advantages such as centralized processings, there is preferable development space.Meanwhile wireless communication technique network coverage is continuously increased,
Irrigated area also becomes wireless communication technique network coverage, more makes it possible being widely applied of this system.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of irrigation water of present invention offer, which efficiently uses, is
Number automatization test system, the present invention discloses its test methods.
Technical solution：The present invention is realized using following technological means：A kind of water paddy irrigation water for miniature irrigation area
Effective utilization coefficients Auto-Test System, including be arranged and acquire sub-control system, data acquisition master control in the sensor in farmland, data
System and pc client, sensor are connected with data acquisition sub-control system, and data are passed through radio frequency by data acquisition sub-control system
Transmission of network acquires master control system to data, and data acquisition master control system sends data to PC machine client by gsm module.
The sensor includes field water level sensor, soil humidity sensor, channel water level sensor, level sensor
Device, soil humidity sensor are connected with data acquisition sub-control system.
It is acquired in data and power supply sleep management circuit, data acquisition point is set on sub-control system and data acquisition master control system
Control system and data acquisition master control system are powered using solar energy and rechargeable lithium battery.
A kind of test method of water paddy irrigation water effective utilization coefficients Auto-Test System for miniature irrigation area, including such as
Lower step：
1) data acquisition master control system sends out inspection order, and data acquisition sub-control system is waken up；
2) data sub-control system sends out data collection instruction, and the data in sensor are collected, radio frequency is then passed through
Network transmission to data acquire master control system；
3) after data master control system receives data, PC machine client is uploaded to by gsm module；
4) after PC machine client receives data, dormancy instruction is sent out, enables data acquisition sub-control system, data acquisition master control system
System suspend mode.
Principal point and branch use timing wake-up formula working mechanism, and from while waking up, branch is waken up principal point simultaneously, while into
Row data acquire.
Principal point and branch synchronized wake-up, after completing a data collection cycle, and meanwhile suspend mode, timer clearing at this time, weight
New timing of starting from scratch can avoid repeatedly waking up, and the cumulative errors of dormancy period improve system reliability.
The PC machine client software carries out the calculating of water efficiency of irrigation according to the calculating parameter of setting.
System acquisition data cycle is adjustable.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention system uses low power dissipation design, using solar energy plus chargeable lithium
Battery powered avoids field from being laid with cable.Ultralow Consumption and timing wake-up mechanism are suitable for the field of alternating current inconvenient to use
It closes.Measurement period interval is adjustable, measuring speed is fast, precision is high, avoids time of measuring interval error and human error, saves manpower
Material resources cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system realization principle block diagram；
Fig. 2 is data acquisition sub-control system functional block diagram；
Fig. 3 is data acquisition master control system functional block diagram；
Fig. 4 is that super low-power consumption hardware circuit timer wakes up dormant circuit figure.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification：
The present invention relates to a kind of water paddy irrigation water effective utilization coefficients Auto-Test Systems for miniature irrigation area, including set
It sets and acquires sub-control system, data acquisition master control system and pc client, sensor and data acquisition in the sensor in farmland, data
Sub-control system is connected, and data acquire sub-control system and send data to data acquisition master control system, data by radio frequency network
Acquisition master control system sends data to PC machine client by gsm module.As shown in Figure 1, the sensor includes field water
Level sensor, soil humidity sensor, channel water level sensor, the water level and soil moisture data that sensor measurement obtains pass through
Wireless data transmission module sends data acquisition master control system to, and data acquisition master control system leads to the data being aggregated into and this point data
It crosses gsm module and sends Terminal Server Client to.System uses MSP430 super low power consuming single chip processors, and additional hardware timer wakes up and item
Part, which wakes up, realizes suspend mode, wake-up states switching.When water level reaches given threshold, triggering master control system work, all sub-control systems
For system by synchronized wake-up, sub-control system carries out sampling or suspend mode program under the control of master control system.Sub-control system and master control system
Principle it is as shown in Figures 2 and 3, sub-control system includes CPU, on CPU connect flash chip, AD conversion module, communication management
Module and power module, AD conversion module connect sensor, and communication management module connects radiofrequency emitting module, also set on CPU
Set power supply sleep management module, power module includes solar cell and rechargeable lithium battary, solar cell and lithium battery
It is connected in charge management module, it is system power supply usually to rely on solar energy, while solar cell can also carry out lithium battery
Charging, when no sunlight irradiates, system relies on lithium battery power supply.Master control system includes equally CPU, is connected on CPU
Flash chip, communication management module and power module are connect, the difference is that communication management module connection radiofrequency emitting module and and PC
The GSM transmitting modules of main-machine communication.The wake-up of master control system and sub-control system is all made of hardware timer wake-up, avoids with single
Easily there is the problem of program fleet in itself timing routine wake-up of piece machine.Hardware timer wake-up circuit is as shown in Fig. 4, integrates electricity
Road U1 is CMOS integrated circuit CD4060, coordinates the crystal oscillator of 32.768KHz, exports 2Hz pulses in frequency dividing end Q14, is sent to next
A integrated circuit U2, is further divided, at the end Q9, Q10, Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 of U2, respectively export the period be 64 seconds,
128 seconds, 256 seconds, 1024 seconds, 2048 seconds square waves.Metal-oxide-semiconductor V2, realization is driven to power on again with the driving of this square wave metal-oxide-semiconductor V1, V1
Control.V2 uses the switch metal-oxide-semiconductor APM4953 of low internal resistance, when conducting there was only 0.08 Ω, hardly pressure drop is brought to be lost.Wire jumper
J1 is used for square wave frequency selected to use.If daily sampling frequency be twice, between be divided into 12 hours, most using foregoing circuit
It is divided into waking up certainly the time for 2048s between length, inquired first by SCM program from after waking up and records from awake number, when counting reaches
At 12h/2048s=21 times, just starts and sample primary.If increasing acquisition frequency, as long as the counting decision content of reprogramming
.When field adjustable, wire jumper J1 can be used to change Wakeup interval, such as Wakeup interval 64s, the sampling period becomes about 22
Minute, facilitate field adjustable and observation data acquisition situation.
When data acquisition is completed to need suspend mode, a high level is provided by microcontroller control and is sent to integrated circuit U1 and U2
RST reset terminals on, so that whole outputs of U1 and U2 is all become low level, the therefore all cut-offs of field-effect tube V1, V2 are all to adopt
The power supply of sample circuit stops.Since U1 and U2 is to restart to count from zero after reset, so timing also restarts from zero, etc.
It waits for the arrival of square wave next time, starts a new power up cycle.The Q14 feet of U1 are connected to a light emitting diode, with 2Hz
Frequency scintillation, be used to refer to the work of oscillator.The differential circuit that R1 and C1 is constituted, the signal of service life 2Hz, in upper jump
Along lighting, to reduce the power consumption of battery.Since cmos circuit has the characteristics that low-power consumption, this partial circuit at work,
The only power consumption of 10uA.
It is synchronous from control of waking up, during work upon awakening, if because certain program fleets or principal point branch it
Between from time irreversibility of waking up, no response can all occur so lead to that principal point continuous Query or branch can not receive sleep command and
It is constantly in working condition.There is such case, this system can work 40 points with self-healing, under the control of U1 and U2
Terminated various mistakes, including crash mistake after clock by forced interruption.This is that the oscillator output square wave formed by U1, U2 determines
, at the end of 40 minutes high level, enters low level state naturally and realize power-off.Go out if it is during work upon awakening
Existing program fleet or branch do not have response, and the timings in 40 minutes for being not necessary to waiting timer terminate, under the control of sleep command,
Order is sent out by principal point CPU, U1, U2 is made to reset, is re-powered after realizing power-off.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests system, which is characterized in that including：It is arranged in farmland
Sensor, data acquisition sub-control system, data acquisition master control system and pc client, sensor acquires sub-control system with data
It is connected, data acquire sub-control system and send data to data acquisition master control system by radio frequency network, and data acquire master control
System sends data to pc client by gsm module；It acquires in data and is set on sub-control system and data acquisition master control system
Power supply sleep management circuit is set, when data acquisition is completed to need suspend mode, a high level is provided by microcontroller control and is sent to collection
At on the RST reset terminals of circuit U 1 and U2, making whole outputs of U1 and U2 all become low level, field-effect tube V1, V2 is therefore complete
Portion ends, and all sample circuit power supplies stop；U1 and U2 is to restart to count from zero after reset, and timing is also opened from zero again
Begin, wait for the arrival of square wave next time, starts a new power up cycle；The Q14 feet of U1 are connected to a light emitting diode,
With the frequency scintillation of 2Hz；The differential circuit that R1 and C1 is constituted, the signal of service life 2Hz are lighted on upper jump edge；Cmos circuit
Have the characteristics that low-power consumption, this partial circuit at work, the only power consumption of 10uA；It is synchronous to be controlled from waking up, upon awakening
During work, if because of, from time irreversibility of waking up, can all not have between certain program fleets or principal point branch
Response causes principal point continuous Query or branch to can not receive sleep command and be constantly in working condition in turn；There is such case,
This system can work with self-healing, under the control of U1 and U2 and terminated various mistakes by forced interruption after forty minutes, wrap
Include crash mistake；This be formed by U1, U2 oscillator output square wave determines, at the end of 40 minutes high level, naturally into
Enter low level state and realizes power-off；There is no response if it is occurring program fleet or branch during work upon awakening, no
Timings in 40 minutes of palpus waiting timer terminate, and under the control of sleep command, send out order by principal point CPU, keep U1, U2 multiple
Position re-powers after realizing power-off；System self-healing controls, during the work after branch is waken up, if there is program fleet,
I.e. branch can not receive sleep command, then under the control of U1 and U2, high level terminates after forty minutes for work, and it is each to realize that power-off terminates
Kind mistake；If it is principal point program fleet during work upon awakening or the data of branch are can not receive, then principal point CPU sends out life
It enables, all U1, U2 is made to reset, re-powered after realizing power-off, make system self-healing.
2. testing system for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It includes field water level sensor, soil humidity sensor, channel water level sensor, water level sensor, soil moisture to state sensor
Sensor is connected with data acquisition sub-control system.
3. testing system for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Data acquire is arranged power supply sleep management circuit in sub-control system and data acquisition master control system, and data acquire sub-control system and number
It is powered using solar energy and charged lithium cells according to acquisition master control system.
4. a kind of water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests the test method of system, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
(1) data acquisition master control system sends out inspection order, and data acquisition sub-control system is waken up；Sub-control is acquired in data
Power supply sleep management circuit is set in system and data acquisition master control system, when data acquisition is completed to need suspend mode, by monolithic
Machine control provides a high level and is sent on the RST reset terminals of integrated circuit U1 and U2, and whole outputs of U1 and U2 is made all to become
Low level, the therefore all cut-offs of field-effect tube V1, V2, all sample circuit power supplies stop；After reset U1 and U2 be from zero again
It starts counting up, timing also restarts from zero, waits for the arrival of square wave next time, starts a new power up cycle；U1
Q14 feet be connected to a light emitting diode, with the frequency scintillation of 2Hz；The differential circuit that R1 and C1 is constituted, service life 2Hz
Signal, in upper jump along lighting；Cmos circuit has the characteristics that low-power consumption, this partial circuit at work, the only consumption of 10uA
Electricity；It is synchronous to be controlled from waking up, during work upon awakening, if because between certain program fleets or principal point branch
From time irreversibility of waking up, no response can all occur so lead to that principal point continuous Query or branch can not receive sleep command and one
It is straight in running order；There is such case, this system can work 40 minutes with self-healing, under the control of U1 and U2
Terminated various mistakes, including crash mistake by forced interruption afterwards；This is that the oscillator output square wave formed by U1, U2 determines
, at the end of 40 minutes high level, enters low level state naturally and realize power-off；Go out if it is during work upon awakening
Existing program fleet or branch do not have response, and the timings in 40 minutes for being not necessary to waiting timer terminate, under the control of sleep command,
Order is sent out by principal point CPU, U1, U2 is made to reset, is re-powered after realizing power-off；System self-healing controls, after branch is waken up
Work during, if there is program fleet, i.e. branch can not receive sleep command, then under the control of U1 and U2, work 40 points
High level terminates after clock, realizes that power-off terminates various mistakes；If it is principal point program fleet or receipts during work upon awakening
Less than the data of branch, then principal point CPU sends out order, and all U1, U2 is made to reset, and is re-powered after realizing power-off, make system from
More；
(2) data sub-control system sends out data collection instruction, and the data in sensor are collected, radio frequency network is then passed through
It is transmitted to data acquisition master control system；
(3) after data master control system receives data, PC machine client is uploaded to by gsm module；
(4) after PC machine client receives data, dormancy instruction is sent out, enables data acquisition sub-control system, data acquisition master control system
Suspend mode.
5. the test method for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area test system as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, principal point and branch use timing wake-up formula working mechanism, and principal point is from while waking up, and branch is waken up simultaneously, simultaneously
Carry out data acquisition.
6. the test method for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area test system as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, principal point and branch synchronized wake-up, after completing a data collection cycle, and meanwhile suspend mode, timer clearing at this time, weight
New timing of starting from scratch can avoid repeatedly waking up, and the cumulative errors of dormancy period improve system reliability.
7. the test method for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area test system as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the PC machine client software carries out the calculating of water efficiency of irrigation according to the calculating parameter of setting.
8. the test method for the water paddy irrigation Water application rate of miniature irrigation area test system as claimed in claim 4,
It is characterized in that, system acquisition data cycle is adjustable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510138091.XA CN104881018B (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests system and test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510138091.XA CN104881018B (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2015-03-26 | Water paddy irrigation Water application rate for miniature irrigation area tests system and test method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104881018A CN104881018A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| CN104881018B true CN104881018B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105638394B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2019-01-22 | 天津市农业科学院信息研究所 | A kind of intelligent irrigation controller and application method based on the plant time of infertility |
| CN106934534B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-10-13 | 武汉大学 | Calculation method for effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in irrigation area of long-vine melon |
| CN109579926B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-04-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and device for measuring and calculating water utilization coefficient of end canal system |
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| CN102042034A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-05-04 | 孙作普 | Gas monitoring system |
| CN201928757U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-08-17 | 南京理工大学 | GPRS wireless transmission network based intelligent monitoring system for water-saving irrigation of farmland |
| CN102428861A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar remote automatic irrigation system |
| CN103645220A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-19 | 范宇 | On-line monitoring system for soil moisture of farmland |
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| AU2012323405A1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2014-05-01 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Precision phenotyping using score space proximity analysis |
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| CN102042034A (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2011-05-04 | 孙作普 | Gas monitoring system |
| CN201928757U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-08-17 | 南京理工大学 | GPRS wireless transmission network based intelligent monitoring system for water-saving irrigation of farmland |
| CN102428861A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-05-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar remote automatic irrigation system |
| CN103645220A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-19 | 范宇 | On-line monitoring system for soil moisture of farmland |
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