CN104878266A - Tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloy with high-temperature stability and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloy with high-temperature stability and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104878266A CN104878266A CN201510305115.6A CN201510305115A CN104878266A CN 104878266 A CN104878266 A CN 104878266A CN 201510305115 A CN201510305115 A CN 201510305115A CN 104878266 A CN104878266 A CN 104878266A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The alloy mainly comprises metal tungsten, wherein the alloy also includes 0.2wt percent to 1.0wt percent of zirconium carbide, and 0.5wt percent to 3.0wt percent of rhenium. The preparation method comprises the following steps of putting metal tungsten powder, zirconium carbide powder and rhenium powder in a protective atmosphere or a vacuum or alcohol in proportion to be mixed uniformly for obtaining mixed powder, first putting the mixed powder under pressure of 200MPa to 600MPa to press for obtaining a green compact, afterwards, putting the green compact in the protective atmosphere or the vacuum, and sintering and molding the green compact at a temperature of 1500 DEG C to 2200 DEG C to prepare a target product. The tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloy prepared by the invention has excellent performances of higher high-temperature strength and plasticity and a high recrystallization temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy and preparation method, especially a kind of tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Tungsten is rare refractory metal, its stable chemical nature, not with empty G&W reaction during normal temperature, is insoluble to hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and alkaline solution.But the recrystallization temperature of tungsten is low, under high temperature, easy recrystallize is brittle, and hot strength is low; In addition, due to the high ductile-brittle transition temperature of tungsten, tungsten is made to be difficult to machine-shaping.In the recent period, people are in order to improve the performance of tungsten, do some to attempt and effort, in the article of " Int. Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials " the 51st volume in 2015, disclose a kind of tungstenalloy strengthened by second-phase dispersion.It plays the effect of dispersion-strengthened and crystal grain thinning by grain boundaries zirconium carbide being distributed in tungsten, though it can put forward heavy alloyed hot strength, but, its recrystallization temperature (1200 DEG C) does not significantly improve compared with the recrystallization temperature (1100 DEG C) in pure tungsten, its ductile-brittle transition temperature (600 DEG C) does not also significantly reduce compared with the ductile-brittle transition temperature (700 DEG C) in pure tungsten, and its unit elongation also lower (< 10%).As far back as the sixties in last century, people have extensively studied W-Re alloys, and learn that the rhenium adding different content can make recrystallization temperature improve 200 ~ 400 DEG C, the solid solution softening effect of rhenium can improve the toughness of tungsten.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, for overcoming weak point of the prior art, provides a kind of and has higher and stable intensity and high-elongation at high temperature, has the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys of high recrystallization temperature, lower ductile-brittle transition temperature simultaneously.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is for providing a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys.
For solving technical problem of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is: tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys forms primarily of tungsten, also containing the zirconium carbide (ZrC) of 0.2 ~ 1.0wt% and the rhenium (Re) of 0.5 ~ 3.0wt% in described alloy; The particle diameter of described zirconium carbide initial powder is 10 ~ 50nm, and the particle diameter of rhenium initial powder is 1-2um, and the particle diameter of initial tungsten powder body is 0.3 ~ 0.6 μm.
For solving another technical problem of the present invention, another technical scheme adopted is: the preparation method of above-mentioned tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys is made up of powder metallurgic method, and key step is as follows:
Step 1, according to the ratio that weight percent is 96.0 ~ 99.3wt%:0.2 ~ 1.0wt%:0.5 ~ 3.0wt%, tungsten powder, Zirconium carbide powder and rhenium powder are placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum or alcohol mix, wherein, particle diameter≤0.6 μm of tungsten powder, particle diameter≤the 50nm of Zirconium carbide powder, the particle diameter≤2um of rhenium powder, obtains hybrid alloys powder;
Step 2, first mixture being placed in pressure is be pressed into green compact under 200 ~ 600MPa, then green compact are placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, obtained tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys.
Above-mentioned steps 2 also can be: hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 100 ~ 200MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at HIP sintering shaping, obtained tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys.
Or, hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 30 ~ 70MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at discharge plasma sintering shaping, obtained tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys.
Or, hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 30 ~ 70MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at Thermocompressed sintering and forming, obtained tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys.
As the further improvement of the preparation method of tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys, can by after sinter molding tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum cools, be beneficial to the overall quality guaranteeing alloy.
Further, the vacuum tightness≤100Pa of above-mentioned vacuum; Above-mentioned protective atmosphere can be hydrogen, nitrogen, argon gas atmosphere.
Relative to the beneficial effect of prior art be:
One, use scanning electron microscope respectively to obtained target product, transmission electron microscope characterizes, from its result, target product is fine and close, flawless; The grain-size of alloy is 2 ~ 6 μm, and in alloy, the particle diameter of zirconium carbide is 10 ~ 50nm, and in alloy, rhenium and tungsten form sosoloid; By product after 1800 DEG C of vacuum heat-preserving 1h are cooled to room temperature, grain size (2-6um) comparatively anneal before grain size (1-5um) have less degree to grow up, find out that its recrystallization temperature is more than 1800 DEG C thus.Add micro-nano-zirconium carbide in tungsten as diffusing particle, play the effect of pinning dislocation and suppression crystal boundary migration, thus improve the hot strength of tungsten.Add Determination of Trace Rhenium in tungsten, reduce viscous deformation and start required critical stress, thus reduce ductile-brittle transition temperature, improve unit elongation; The raising of recrystallization temperature is because rhenium significantly improves the bonding force of crystal boundary in tungsten.
Its two, use material-testing machine respectively high temperature tension test is entered to target product, during test, strain rate is constant is 2 × 10
-4s
-1, the performance recording the target product after 1800 DEG C of annealing comparatively keeps stable even more superior before annealing, is all better than pure tungsten, and occurs that the temperature of plasticity is also lower than pure tungsten in hot strength, unit elongation.There is plasticity at 500 DEG C in tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys, at the equal >400MPa of intensity of 500 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, the equal >25% of unit elongation.
Its three, preparation method is simple, science, efficient, has not only obtained tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys; Also make it have the excellent properties of lower ductile-brittle transition temperature, higher hot strength and plasticity and high recrystallization temperature, make it be expected to be widely used in flux of plasma wall etc. in illumination, high-temperature component, aerospace device, high-temperature resistant container and fusion reactor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, optimal way of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the result to adopting the pure tungsten of same sinter molding method acquisition and target product and the product after annealing to use scanning electron microscope (SEM) to characterize respectively.Wherein, Fig. 1 a is SEM image and the grain-size statistics of pure tungsten; Fig. 1 b is SEM image and the grain-size statistics of target product; Fig. 1 c is SEM image and the grain-size statistics of target product after annealing.
Fig. 2 uses transmission electron microscope (TEM) and subsidiary power spectrum (EDS) tester thereof to carry out one of result of element Surface scan to target product.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is the TEM image of target product; Fig. 2 b is the EDS spectrogram of target product.
Fig. 3 is the characterization result using material-testing machine pure tungsten and target product to be carried out respectively to drawing by high temperature.Wherein be respectively the drawing by high temperature curve of the drawing by high temperature curve of pure tungsten, the drawing by high temperature curve of target product, the rear target product of annealing.
Embodiment
First buy from market or obtain by ordinary method:
The tungsten powder of particle diameter≤0.6 μm; The carbonization zirconium powder of particle diameter≤50nm; The rhenium powder of particle diameter≤2um; As the hydrogen of protective gas, nitrogen or argon gas.
embodiment 1
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1 is the ratio of 96.0 ~ 99.3wt%:0.2 ~ 1.0wt%:0.5 ~ 3.0wt% according to weight percent, tungsten powder, Zirconium carbide powder, rhenium powder is placed in protective atmosphere (or vacuum or alcohol) and mixes; Wherein, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 0.6 μm, and the particle diameter of Zirconium carbide powder is 10 ~ 50nm, and the particle diameter of rhenium powder is 1-2um, and protective atmosphere is hydrogen atmosphere (or the vacuum tightness of vacuum is≤100Pa), obtains mixed powder.
Step 2, first mixed powder being placed in pressure is be pressed into green compact under 200MPa, then green compact is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), sinter molding at 1500 DEG C;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 100MPa, temperature be 1500 DEG C at HIP sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 30MPa, temperature be 1800 DEG C at discharge plasma sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 60MPa, temperature be 1800 DEG C at Thermocompressed sintering and forming;
Obtain and be similar to shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 a, and the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys as shown in the curve in Fig. 2 b and Fig. 3.
embodiment 2
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1 is the ratio of 96.0 ~ 99.3wt%:0.2 ~ 1.0wt%:0.5 ~ 3.0wt% according to weight percent, tungsten powder, Zirconium carbide powder, rhenium powder is placed in protective atmosphere (or vacuum or alcohol) and mixes; Wherein, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 0.6 μm, and the particle diameter of Zirconium carbide powder is 10 ~ 50nm, and the particle diameter of rhenium powder is 1-2um, and protective atmosphere is hydrogen atmosphere (or the vacuum tightness of vacuum is≤100Pa), obtains mixed powder.
Step 2, first mixed powder being placed in pressure is be pressed into green compact under 300MPa, then green compact is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), sinter molding at 1675 DEG C;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 130MPa, temperature be 1625 DEG C at HIP sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 40MPa, temperature be 1625 DEG C at discharge plasma sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 60MPa, temperature be 1800 DEG C at Thermocompressed sintering and forming;
Obtain and be similar to shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 a, and the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys as shown in the curve in Fig. 2 b and Fig. 3.
embodiment 3
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1 is the ratio of 96.0 ~ 99.3wt%:0.2 ~ 1.0wt%:0.5 ~ 3.0wt% according to weight percent, tungsten powder, Zirconium carbide powder, rhenium powder is placed in protective atmosphere (or vacuum or alcohol) and mixes; Wherein, the particle diameter of tungsten powder is 0.6 μm, and the particle diameter of Zirconium carbide powder is 10 ~ 50nm, and the particle diameter of rhenium powder is 1-2um, and protective atmosphere is hydrogen (or the vacuum tightness of vacuum is≤100Pa), obtains mixed powder.
Step 2, first mixed powder being placed in pressure is be pressed into green compact under 400MPa, then green compact is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), sinter molding at 1850 DEG C;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 150MPa, temperature be 1750 DEG C at HIP sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 50MPa, temperature be 1750 DEG C at discharge plasma sintering shaping;
Or, mixed powder is placed in hydrogen atmosphere (or vacuum tightness is the≤vacuum of 100Pa), in pressure be 60MPa, temperature be 1800 DEG C at Thermocompressed sintering and forming;
Obtained as shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 a, and the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys as shown in the curve in Fig. 2 b and Fig. 3.
Select the nitrogen as protective gas or argon gas more respectively, repeat above-described embodiment 1 ~ 3, obtained equally as or be similar to shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 a, and the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys as shown in the curve in Fig. 2 b and Fig. 3.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys of the present invention and preparation method thereof and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof to these amendments of the present invention and modification, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (7)
1. tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys, primarily of tungsten composition, is characterized in that: also containing weight percent in described alloy is the zirconium carbide of 0.2 ~ 1.0wt% and the rhenium of 0.5 ~ 3.0wt%, and the size of described zirconium carbide and rhenium is respectively 20 ~ 50nm and 1 ~ 2um.
2. tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the grain-size of described alloy is 2 ~ 6 μm.
3. a preparation method for tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys described in claim 1, based on powder metallurgic method, is characterized in that:
Step 1, according to the ratio that weight percent is 96.0 ~ 99.3wt% tungsten, the zirconium carbide of 0.2 ~ 1.0wt% and the rhenium of 0.5 ~ 3.0wt%, tungsten powder, Zirconium carbide powder and rhenium powder are placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum or alcohol mix, wherein, particle diameter≤0.6 μm of tungsten powder, particle diameter≤the 50nm of Zirconium carbide powder, the particle diameter≤2um of rhenium powder;
Step 2, hybrid alloys powder being placed in pressure is be pressed into green compact under 200 ~ 600MPa, then green compact is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum sinter molding.
4. the preparation method of tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys according to claim 3; it is characterized in that described step 2 is: hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 100 ~ 200MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at HIP sintering shaping.
5. the preparation method of tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys according to claim 3; it is characterized in that described step 2 is: hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 30 ~ 70MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at discharge plasma sintering shaping.
6. the preparation method of tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys according to claim 3; it is characterized in that described step 2 is: hybrid alloys powder is placed in protective atmosphere or vacuum, in pressure be 100 ~ 200MPa, temperature be 1500 ~ 2000 DEG C at Thermocompressed sintering and forming.
7. the preparation method of the tungsten-zirconium carbide-rhenium alloys according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described protective atmosphere is hydrogen, nitrogen or argon gas; Vacuum tightness≤the 100Pa of described vacuum.
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| CN109161771A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏经纬阀业有限公司 | Novel tungsten alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110102869A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-09 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of agitating friction weldering stirring head material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111423237A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Metal silicide and metal composite reinforced silicon nitride sintered body and preparation method thereof |
| CN112410634A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-26 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Alloying powder, tungsten-based alloy, preparation method thereof and stirring tool |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112410634A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-26 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Alloying powder, tungsten-based alloy, preparation method thereof and stirring tool |
| CN112410634B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-09-07 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Alloying powder, tungsten-based alloy, preparation method thereof and stirring tool |
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