CN104869635B - A kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS - Google Patents
A kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS Download PDFInfo
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- CN104869635B CN104869635B CN201510224654.7A CN201510224654A CN104869635B CN 104869635 B CN104869635 B CN 104869635B CN 201510224654 A CN201510224654 A CN 201510224654A CN 104869635 B CN104869635 B CN 104869635B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of position matching method based on TOPSIS, including：It is measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；According to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained；According to the signal strength values of the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point, the method being combined using relative entropy and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution TOPSIS obtains point to be determined and the gap of the signal strength from each AP of multiple reference points respectively；Lowest difference is chosen away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined.The present invention also provides a kind of position matching system based on TOPSIS, including measuring unit, acquiring unit, computing unit and positioning unit.Position error of the present invention is small, and more accurately point to be determined can be positioned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to information technology field more particularly to a kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS.
Background technology
WLAN location fingerprint technique position fixing process is divided into off-line training and two stages of tuning on-line, off-line training step be
In area to be targeted several sampled points, and the letter that will be measured in each sampled point are set with latticed according to certain spacing distance
Number intensity value is saved in fingerprint database together together with its location information.The tuning on-line stage passes through the letter that will be measured in real time
Number strength information is compared with the finger print information in fingerprint database, with reference to appropriate matching algorithm, determines to be positioned set
Standby position.
Orientation and Matching Algorithm more commonly used at present has signal space nearest neighbor method (Nearest Neighbor in
Signal Space, abbreviation NNSS) and signal space k nearest neighbor methods (k-NNSS), it is found out in the fingerprint database of position and real
When the immediate one or more finger print datas of signal intensity samples, by their corresponding sampling point positions or multiple samples
That puts is average as user location to be positioned.Also based on the position matching method of (Table-based) of tabling look-up.They utilize
Manhatton distance carrys out the similarity between metric signal intensity sample, then using in table most matched finger print data position as
User location to be positioned.
But arest neighbors matching algorithm is the sum of absolute deviation between fingerprint in calculating target fingerprint to be positioned and database,
It cannot reflect the difference between different radio access points (Wireless Access Point, abbreviation AP) deviation well
Property, it easily generating in deviation and benefit so that indivedual AP deviation of signal are very big, but the fingerprint deviation being calculated is little, from
And cause position error bigger than normal.
Invention content
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS, can
Reflection different radio accesses the deviation of access AP signals well, and position error is small, and more accurately point to be determined can be carried out
Positioning.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of position matching method based on TOPSIS, the method includes：
It is measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；
According to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained；
According to the signal strength values of the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point, using relative entropy and
The method that TOPSIS is combined obtains point to be determined and the gap of the signal strength from each AP of multiple reference points respectively；
Lowest difference is chosen away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined.
Preferably, it is described to be measured at point to be determined, it is described before the step of obtaining the signal strength values of point to be determined
Method further includes：
In region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the latticed multiple sampled points of setting；
Signal strength of the m wireless access point AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the sampling
The signal strength values of point；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；
The signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database.
Preferably, it is described to be measured at point to be determined, the signal strength values of point to be determined are obtained, including：
Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal of point to be determined
Intensity value.
Preferably, it is described according to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained, including：
According to preset fingerprint database, the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points are obtained1,x2,...,xN}；
According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal strength as each reference point
Value；
According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：
Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,...,fm,
Then xi(fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
Preferably, it is described according to preset fingerprint database, after the step of obtaining the signal strength values of multiple reference points, institute
The method of stating further includes：
Planningization processing is done to the decision matrix：
Wherein tijRepresent j-th of signal strength values of i-th of reference point after standardization.
It is preferably, described according to the signal strength values of the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point,
The method being combined using relative entropy and TOPSIS, obtains point to be determined respectively and the signal from each AP of multiple reference points is strong
The gap of degree, including：
Relative entropy and TOPSIS methods are combined, the signal of point to be determined and multiple reference points is calculated according to the following formula
The gap of intensity
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of position matching system based on TOPSIS, the system comprises：
Measuring unit for being measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；
Acquiring unit, for according to preset fingerprint database, obtaining the signal strength values of multiple reference points；
Computing unit, for the signal strength values according to the point to be determined and the signal strength of the multiple reference point
Value, the method being combined using relative entropy and TOPSIS obtain point to be determined and the letter from each AP of multiple reference points respectively
The gap of number intensity；
Positioning unit, for choosing lowest difference away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as point to be determined
Position.
Preferably, the system also includes training units, are specifically used for：
In region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the latticed multiple sampled points of setting；
Signal strength of the m wireless access point AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the sampling
The signal strength values of point；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；
The signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database.
Preferably, the measuring unit, is specifically used for：
Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal of point to be determined
Intensity value.
Preferably, the acquiring unit, is specifically used for：
According to preset fingerprint database, the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points are obtained1,x2,...,xN}；
According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal strength as each reference point
Value；
According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：
Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,...,fm,
Then xi(fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
As shown from the above technical solution, a kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS provided by the invention are led to
It crosses and is combined relative entropy and TOPSIS methods, obtain the difference of the signal strength from each AP between point to be determined and reference point
Away from can reflect the deviation of different radio access points AP signals well, position error is small, can be more accurately to undetermined
Site is positioned.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these figures.
Fig. 1 is WLAN location fingerprint technique positioning principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram for the position matching method based on TOPSIS that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram for the position matching system based on TOPSIS that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the experimental site schematic diagram that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 5 (a) is the random result that 5 positions is selected to carry out assignment test that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 5 (b) is the random result that 30 positions is selected to carry out assignment test that another embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 5 (c) is the random result that 50 positions is selected to carry out assignment test that another embodiment of the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, one embodiment of the invention provides a kind of position matching method based on TOPSIS, this method includes
Following steps：
S1：It is measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；
S2：According to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained；
S3：According to the signal strength values of the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point, using opposite
Entropy and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal
Solution, TOPSIS) method that is combined, obtain point to be determined and multiple reference points respectively comes from each wireless access point
The gap of the signal strength of (Access Point, AP)；
Wherein, TOPSIS methods are mainly to be ranked up according to limited a evaluation object and the degree of closeness of idealization target
Method is the evaluation that relative superior or inferior is carried out in existing object.Wherein, point to be determined signal strength information will be used as idealization
Target, and multiple reference points are as evaluation object.
S4：Lowest difference is chosen away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined.
In the present embodiment, before step S1, this method further includes following steps：
A01, in region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the multiple sampled points of latticed setting；
A02, signal strengths of the m AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the letter of the sampled point
Number intensity value；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；
A03, the signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database.
Step A01 to A03 is mainly off-line training step, for establishing fingerprint database.As shown in Figure 1, above dotted line
Part represent off-line training step in the present embodiment shown in step A01 to A03, AP1, AP2 and AP3 3 nothings in total in Fig. 1
Line access point, then in the measurable signal strength values to three AP of each sampled point, such as (rss11, rss12, rss13) is represented
The signal strength values of first sampled point, and L1 is the corresponding location information of the sampled point, such as coordinate.In this way, it is adopted multiple
In signal strength values and location information the deposit fingerprint database of sampling point.
And the part below the dotted line in Fig. 1 represents the tuning on-line step of step S1 to S4 in the present embodiment, if you need to obtain
The location information of a certain point to be determined is obtained, then is measured in the point to be determined and obtains the signal strength values (rss of 3 AP here1,
rss2, rss3), according to the technology matching algorithm, obtain the location information of the point to be determined.
Specifically, the signal strength values of point to be determined are obtained in step S1, are specifically included：
Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal of point to be determined
Intensity value.
In the present embodiment, step S2 specifically includes unshowned following sub-step in Fig. 1：
S21：According to preset fingerprint database, the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points are obtained1,x2,...,
xN}；
S22：According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal as each reference point
Intensity value；
S23：According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：
Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,...,fm,
Then xi(fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
Further, when the signal strength values in each finger print data are more, after step S23, the method is also
Include the following steps：
Standardization processing is done to the decision matrix in above-mentioned formula (1)：
Wherein tijRepresent j-th of signal strength values of i-th of reference point after standardization.
In the present embodiment, step S23 is specifically included：
Relative entropy and TOPSIS methods are combined, point to be determined and multiple reference points is calculated in (3) according to the following formula
The gap of signal strength from each AP
The gap of the signal strength from each AP of point to be determined and each reference point is obtained according to formula (3), selection is wherein
Lowest difference is away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined, as positioning result.
A kind of position matching method and system based on TOPSIS are present embodiments provided, by by relative entropy and TOPSIS
Method is combined, and is obtained the gap of the signal strength from each AP between point to be determined and reference point, can be reflected well
Different radio accesses the deviation of access AP signals, and position error is small, and more accurately point to be determined can be positioned.
As shown in figure 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of position matching system based on TOPSIS, the system packet
Include measuring unit 301, acquiring unit 302, computing unit 303 and positioning unit 304.Wherein：
Measuring unit 301 for being measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined.
Acquiring unit 302, for according to preset fingerprint database, obtaining the signal strength values of multiple reference points.
Computing unit 303, the signal for the signal strength values according to the point to be determined and the multiple reference point are strong
Angle value, the method being combined using relative entropy and TOPSIS obtain point to be determined with multiple reference points from each AP's respectively
The gap of signal strength.
Positioning unit 304, for choosing lowest difference away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as to be positioned
The position of point.
In the present embodiment, the system also includes training units, are specifically used for：
In region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the latticed multiple sampled points of setting；
Signal strength of the m wireless access point AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the sampling
The signal strength values of point；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；
The signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database.
In the present embodiment, the measuring unit 301 is specifically used for：
Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal of point to be determined
Intensity value.
In the present embodiment, the acquiring unit 302 is specifically used for：
According to preset fingerprint database, the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points are obtained1,x2,...,xN}；
According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal strength as each reference point
Value；
According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：
Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,...,fm,
Then xi(fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
In the present embodiment, the system also includes normalization units, are specifically used for：
Standardization processing is done to the decision matrix：
Wherein tijRepresent j-th of signal strength values of i-th of reference point after standardization.
In the present embodiment, the computing unit 303 is specifically used for：
Relative entropy and TOPSIS methods are combined, coming from for point to be determined and multiple reference points is calculated according to the following formula
The gap of the signal strength of each AP
In order to illustrate more clearly of the effect of technical solution of the present invention, another embodiment of the present invention compares base by experiment
In the position matching method of TOPSIS and the positioning result of existing nearest neighbor method.
As shown in figure 4, for experimental site schematic diagram.The room-size is 22 × 18m2, this experiment is using 3 AP for fixed
Position, wherein 2 AP are located at the room, another AP is not or not the room.Receiving terminal is equipped with Intel (R) Centrino (R)
The laptop of 2200 wireless network cards of Wireless-N.Use inSSIDer software scans received signal strengths (Received
Signal Strength, RSS), every 0.5s run-downs.Room is divided into the grid of 80 length of side 2m, by 99 grids
Vertex is set as reference point, is sampled 50 times in each AP of each reference point, by the average value of 50 times together with the position of the reference point
Information is stored in fingerprint database as finger print data.
The tuning on-line stage as shown in Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b) and 5 (c), randomly selects 5,30,50 positions and carries out positioning survey
Examination carries out 20 times respectively, using the matching algorithm based on TOPSIS of the present invention and the matching algorithm of arest neighbors, compares using two
The average localization error that kind method obtains.
According to Fig. 5 (a), 5 (b) and 5 (c), using two kinds of matching algorithms, the average localization error of 20 experiments is carried out respectively
Such as the following table 1：
The average localization error of 1 two kinds of matching algorithms of table
From experimental result：(1) in every 1 time experiment, using the average positioning obtained based on TOPSIS matching algorithms
Error is both less than arest neighbors matching algorithm, illustrates that the method for the position matching provided by the invention based on TOPSIS is better than arest neighbors
Matching algorithm；(2) in 20 repetitions are tested, method position error of the invention fluctuation is smaller than nearest neighbor algorithm, illustrates
The method of the present invention has good stability, in practical applications with stronger robustness.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that；It still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example modifies or carries out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
It replaces, the spirit and scope for various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. position matching method based on TOPSIS, which is characterized in that the method includes：In region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the latticed multiple sampled points of setting；Signal strengths of the m AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal strength of the sampled point Value；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；The signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database；It is measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；According to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained；According to the signal strength values of the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point, using relative entropy and quality The methods that are combined of solution Furthest Neighbor TOPSIS, obtain respectively point to be determined and multiple reference points from each wireless access point AP The gap of signal strength；Lowest difference is chosen away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined；Wherein, it is described according to preset fingerprint database, the signal strength values of multiple reference points are obtained, including：According to preset Fingerprint database obtains the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points1,x2,…,xN}；According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal strength values as each reference point；According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,…,fm, then xi (fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described measure at point to be determined, acquisition is to be positioned The signal strength values of point, including：Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal strength of point to be determined Value.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described according to preset fingerprint database, multiple ginsengs are obtained After the step of signal strength values of examination point, the method further includes：Standardization processing is done to the decision matrix：Wherein tijRepresent j-th of signal strength values of i-th of reference point after standardization.
- 4. the according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, signal strength values and institute according to the point to be determined The signal strength values of multiple reference points are stated, the method being combined using relative entropy and TOPSIS obtains point to be determined and more respectively The gap of the signal strength from each AP of a reference point, including：Relative entropy and TOPSIS methods are combined, the signal strength of point to be determined and multiple reference points is calculated according to the following formula GapWherein, the signal strength values of point to be determined are Represent j-th of point to be determined signal strength Value.
- 5. a kind of position matching system based on TOPSIS, which is characterized in that the system comprises：Training unit, in region to be positioned, according to certain spacing distance with the latticed multiple sampled points of setting；Signal strength of the m wireless access point AP in each sampled point is measured, using the m signal strength as the sampled point Signal strength values；Wherein, m is positive integer, and m is more than or equal to 1；The signal strength values of each sampled point and location information are preserved into fingerprint database；Measuring unit for being measured at point to be determined, obtains the signal strength values of point to be determined；Acquiring unit, for according to preset fingerprint database, obtaining the signal strength values of multiple reference points；Computing unit for the signal strength values according to the point to be determined and the signal strength values of the multiple reference point, is adopted The method being combined with relative entropy and TOPSIS obtains point to be determined with multiple reference points from each wireless access point AP respectively Signal strength gap；Positioning unit, for choosing lowest difference away from corresponding reference point, using the position of the reference point as the position of point to be determined It puts；Wherein, the acquiring unit, is specifically used for：According to preset fingerprint database, the set X={ x of the finger print data of multiple sampled points are obtained1,x2,…,xN}；According to the finger print data, the signal strength values of each sampled point are obtained, the signal strength values as each reference point；According to the signal strength values of multiple reference points, construction decision matrix P：Wherein, N is the total number of sampled point, and the signal strength set of m AP in fingerprint is combined into F={ f1,f2,…,fm, then xi (fj) (i=1,2 ..., N；J=1,2 ..., m) j-th of signal strength values for i-th finger print data.
- 6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the measuring unit is specifically used for：Signal strengths of the m AP in the point to be determined is measured, using the m signal strength as the signal strength of point to be determined Value.
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| CN101547506A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2009-09-30 | 华中科技大学 | GSM network consumer positioning method based on signal receiving strength information fingerprint |
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