CN104869607A - Multi-beam scatter communication device and multi-beam scatter communication method - Google Patents
Multi-beam scatter communication device and multi-beam scatter communication method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-beam scatter communication device and a multi-beam scatter communication method, and relates to scatter communication antenna rapid alignment and multi-node centerless ad-hoc network technologies in the communication field. The communication device comprises a GPS (global positioning system), a monitoring unit, an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, wherein the indoor unit realizes modulation-demodulation for scattering signals and control for a centerless ad-hoc network protocol, provides a self-organizing and self-healing network function for nodes, and carries out information transmission. The communication method adopts a mode of sector beam switching, can automatically realize the whole process of antenna alignment, link establishment and information transmission of a scatter communication link, and has the remarkable characteristics of simple operation and convenient use. The method disclosed by the invention not only can support point-to-point communication and point-to-multipoint communication, but also can support centerless ad-hoc network communication among the multiple nodes, has high self-organizing, self-healing and anti-interference abilities, and is extremely applicable to medium/short-range small-capacity scatter communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, especially relate to a kind of multi-beam scatter communication apparatus and communication means.
Background technology
The problem of current scatter communication ubiquity antenna alignment difficulty.Scatter communication apparatus many employings narrow beam antenna, when setting up communication link, adopts manual-alignment method, and needs to assist by measuring instrument, and whole process operation is complicated, length consuming time, and alignment precision relies on the technical merit of operating personnel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the weak point in above-mentioned background technology, on the basis of scattering beyond-the-horizon communication, introduce the sector beam switching mode of multi-beam antenna, significantly can improve antenna auto-alignment and the non-stop layer MANET problem of scatter communication, antenna auto-alignment can be realized without the need to manually adjusting antenna direction, what make scatter communication apparatus opens more convenient and quicker, in being specially adapted to/and short range, the scatter communication of low capacity and group network system application.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of multi-beam scatter communication apparatus, comprise GPS1, monitoring unit 2, indoor unit 3 and outdoor unit 4, indoor unit 3 comprises protocol processing unit 3-1, modulator 3-2, D/A unit 3-3, sender 3-4, receiver 3-5, automatic gain control unit 3-6, A/D unit 3-7 and demodulator 3-8, and outdoor unit 4 comprises power amplifier unit 4-1, low noise amplifier 4-2, switching network 4-3 and multi-beam antenna 4-4;
The output port 1 outputting standard time reference of GPS1 and geographical location information are to the input port 1 of protocol processing unit 3-1; The input port 3 of protocol processing unit 3-1 receives external business data; Business datum is carried out the process of non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system by protocol processing unit 3-1, is exported to the input port 1 of modulator 3-2 after being converted to transmission information by output port 6; Delivered to the input port 1 of D/A unit 3-3 by output port 2 after transmission information is carried out signal madulation formation digital signal by modulator 3-2; Exported to the input port 1 of sender 3-4 by output port 2 after D/A unit 3-3 is converted to analog signal digital signal; Delivered to the input port 1 of power amplifier unit 4-1 by output port 2 after analog signal is up-converted to radiofrequency signal by sender 3-4; Delivered to the input port 1 of switching network 4-3 by output port 2 after power amplifier unit 4-1 radio frequency signal carries out power amplification; Radiofrequency signal after power amplification is sent to opposite end through multi-beam antenna 4-4 by switching network 4-3;
Multi-beam antenna 4-4 receives the radiofrequency signal that opposite end sends over, and the output port 2 via switching network 4-3 delivers to the input port 2 of low noise amplifier 4-2; Delivered to the input port 2 of receiver 3-5 by output port 1 after low noise amplifier 4-2 radio frequency signal carries out low noise amplification; Radiofrequency signal after low noise amplification is down-converted to intermediate frequency by receiver 3-5, and delivers to the input port 2 of automatic gain control unit 3-6 by output port 1; The input port 2 being delivered to A/D unit 3-7 after gain control obtains the intermediate-freuqncy signal of constant amplitude by output port 1 is carried out in automatic gain control unit 3-6 automatic centering frequently signal; A/D unit 3-7 carries out analog-to-digital conversion to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of constant amplitude and forms digital signal, digital signal is delivered to the input port 2 of demodulator 3-8 by output port 1; Demodulator 3-8 carries out to digital signal the input port 7 being delivered to protocol processing unit 3-1 after demodulation obtains reception information by output port 1; Protocol processing unit 3-1 is exported by output port 4 after reception information is carried out non-stop layer MANET protocol processes; The operating state of this communicator and the state of multi-beam antenna are delivered to monitoring unit 2 by output port 2 and are shown by protocol processing unit 3-1; The inbound port 5 that goes out of protocol processing unit 3-1 is connected with the inbound port 3 that goes out of switching network 4-3, protocol processing unit 3-1 is controlled by the scanning mode of switching over to multi-beam antenna, and monitors the state of multi-beam antenna during received RF signal.
Wherein, multi-beam antenna 4-4 is the antenna array be put together for a week by multiple narrow beam antenna array element horizontal positioned, only has a few bay work at one time.
A kind of multi-beam scatter communication method, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sequence number values different for each Node configuration in network without center;
S2: each node in network without center according to communication requirement by the orientation of non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system multi-beam antenna, carry out dynamic time slot allocation and rate adaptation adjustment, and independently initiate data transportation requirements;
S3: the knot adjustment multi-beam antenna array element separately of communicating pair makes it be aligned with each other, and then carries out information transmission by scattering over-the-horizon system between node.
Wherein, the non-stop layer MANET agreement in step S2 is specially:
S21:GPS provides standard time base and geographical location information for nodes all in network without center;
S22: each node carries out comprehensive scanning by multi-beam antenna, know number and the position thereof of its neighbor node according to the result of scanning, then this node neighbor node all with it sets up communication link alternately by shaking hands;
S23: each node is according to network topology change real-time update maintaining routing list;
S24: be that transmission link between each node and its neighbor node carries out dynamic time slot allocation according to communication requirement;
S25: each node judges whether the node carrying out information transmission with it is its neighbor node, if neighbor node, process ends; If non-neighbor node, then select the shortest information transmission path by routing management.
Wherein, the dynamic assignment time slot in step S24 is specially: when the communication requirement of node increases, according to communication requirement for this communication link increases time slot allocation; When node communication slump in demand, according to communication requirement for this communication link reduces time slot allocation.
Wherein, described node is scatter communication apparatus according to claim 1, and the dispersion of multi-section scatter communication apparatus is laid and formed network without center.
The present invention compares background technology tool and has the following advantages:
1. the present invention utilizes multi-beam antenna to carry out 360 ° of comprehensive scannings, fast detecting is to the communication node of periphery, automatically antenna alignment is carried out when not using auxiliary antenna, when not needing manual intervention, realize the open-minded fast of link, compare traditional scattering antenna alignment technology, convenient to operation, alignment precision is high, service time is short, can be used for the open-minded fast of communication in moving device.Compare the non-stop layer self-organizing network using omnidirectional antenna, distance is significantly improved, and has possessed certain antijamming capability and Anti TBIgG, has resisted and detect receipts ability.
2. the present invention is switched by the autonomous high speed of the multiple wave beam of protocol integrated test system, within the scope of communication distance, can realize multiple internodal non-stop layer MANET; Can automatically find and follow the tracks of mobile node, meet the user demand of " stopping namely leading to " or " communication in moving ".Network size has stronger flexibility, and arbitrary node freely can add, exit network, and does not rely on any one specific node.
3, utilize narrow beam directional antenna array element in data transmission procedure, effective propagation path is significantly increased; Simultaneous multiple beams antenna provides the possibility of multiple wave beam space division multiplexing, use directional antenna array element can realize the same time many spatially non-interfering communication link carry out transfer of data, substantially increase the throughput of system.
4., according to demand assigned principle, system is according to user's request allocate communications time slot.When the demand growth of a certain node, system can be the more time slot of this link assignment; When a certain node slump in demand, this link will obtain less time slot, and the unnecessary time slot of release can be used by other node.This distribution according to need characteristic can realize the bandwidth sharing in network, optimized network throughput.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the scatter communication apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of non-stop layer MANET agreement of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the electric functional-block diagram of scatter communication apparatus of the present invention, and embodiment presses Fig. 1 connection line.
Every portion of the present invention scatter communication apparatus can regard a communication node as, after the dispersion of multi-section scatter communication apparatus is laid, and the network without center of a composition multinode.Wherein the composition schematic diagram of every portion scatter communication apparatus is as Fig. 1.
Multi-beam scatter communication apparatus of the present invention comprises GPS1, monitoring unit 2, indoor unit 3 and outdoor unit 4, indoor unit 3 comprises protocol processing unit 3-1, modulator 3-2, D/A unit 3-3, sender 3-4, receiver 3-5, automatic gain control unit 3-6, A/D unit 3-7 and demodulator 3-8, and outdoor unit 4 comprises power amplifier unit 4-1, low noise amplifier 4-2, switching network 4-3 and multi-beam antenna 4-4;
Indoor unit 3 mainly realizes the modulation /demodulation of scattered signal and the control of non-stop layer MANET agreement, for providing the network function of self-organizing and self-healing between node, carries out information transmission.Indoor unit 3 also assume responsibility for the Up/Down Conversion function between intermediate frequency and radio-freqency sputterring signal simultaneously.It has multiple interfaces, possesses the ability of multiple business access: IP-based data, video, speech etc.
External business data export modulator 3-2 to through protocol processing unit 3-1, after realizing coding, modulation, after D/A3-3 digital-to-analogue conversion, export analog intermediate frequency signal, send into after sender 3-4 is converted to radiofrequency signal and transfer in outdoor unit 4, gone out by antenna transmission;
Protocol processing unit 3-1 mainly completes non-stop layer MANET protocol processes function, and provides the output interface of multiservice interface and monitor message.The main process chip of protocol processing unit 3-1 is FPGA and PowerPC, and wherein network layer protocol completes in PowerPC; Mac-layer protocol is completed jointly by FPGA and PowerPC.
The radiofrequency signal of the multi-beam antenna reception of outdoor unit 4, by receiver 3-5, radiofrequency signal is converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal, after automatic gain control unit 3-6 (AGC) carries out automatic growth control, send into A/D unit 3-7, be converted to digital signal by analog signal, then send into demodulator 3-8 and carry out Digital Down Convert, filtering and all-digital demodulation, demodulate clock and code stream, give protocol processing unit 3-1, by its outgoing traffic.
Switching network 4-3 is the core control circuit of multi-beam switched antenna, and the transmitting-receiving of main settling signal switches fast and switches fast with wave beam, and radio-frequency (RF) switch can realize the switching between different antennae unit.
Multi-beam antenna 4-4 places by multiple narrow beam antenna unit horizontal the antenna array that a week (360 °) be put together, and cover the vertical direction of certain angle, realize the wave cover of 360 °, ambient water plane, the same time only has a few bay to carry out Beam synthesis work.Because the beam direction elevation angle of scatter communication is low, and beam angle is very little, so the scanning sector beam of antenna can cover scattering beam direction.
Monitoring unit 2 can the operating state, link information, failure condition etc. of inquiry unit, is communications network service, and can the running parameter of setting device.
GPS1 provides standard time base and geographical location information, to keep all node times in network synchronous for nodes all in network without center.
During signalling, radiofrequency signal carries out the amplification of power by power amplifier 4-1, then by switching network 4-3 switched multi-beam antenna 4-4 on the wave beam of specifying, signal is launched.During the collection of letters, controlled the receive direction of multi-beam antenna 4-4 by switching network 4-3, receive the signal of the other side, deliver to low noise amplifier 4-2 and carry out signal amplification, then transfer to the demodulation that indoor unit 3 carries out signal.
Multi-beam scatter communication node, after laying, by wave beam high speed switched scan, carries out neighbor seaching, by its access network after discovery neighbours; Each node of access network is equal, according to non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system, independently initiates transfer of data, Mobile state time slot allocation of going forward side by side and rate adaptation adjustment; Scatter communication apparatus, by the embedding of scatter communication waveform, can realize beyond-the-horizon communication.
A kind of multi-beam scatter communication method, comprises the following steps:
S1: by sequence number values different for each Node configuration in network without center;
S2: each node in network without center according to communication requirement by the orientation of non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system multi-beam antenna, carry out dynamic time slot allocation and rate adaptation adjustment, and independently initiate data transportation requirements;
Non-stop layer MANET agreement is the important component part of multi-beam scatter communication, is divided into mac-layer protocol and network layer protocol two parts.Wherein MAC layer by Protocol Design for providing the network transmission function of self-organizing and self-healing between node; Network layer, by Routing Protocol reasonable in design, can adapt to the network topology change that node motion is brought, and ensures communication efficiency.Agreement is divided into system synchronization, neighbor uni-cast and link setup, dynamic time slot allocation, routing management four stage, and Fig. 2 is the flow chart of non-stop layer MANET agreement of the present invention.
System synchronization stage: GPS provides standard time base and geographical location information for nodes all in network without center;
By GPS timing method, ensure the time consistency of each node, to guarantee the tram of time slot.Classifying rationally is carried out to time slot, reserves small part time slot and carry out neighbor uni-cast and time slot management, remain most of time slot for data communication, and communicate to corresponding sector at different time-gap adjustment wave beam.
Neighbor uni-cast and link setup stage: each node carries out comprehensive scanning by multi-beam antenna, know number and the position thereof of its neighbor node according to the result of scanning, then this node neighbor node all with it sets up communication link alternately by shaking hands;
The beam switchover of transmission and receiving node all will follow the pattern of all sectors of a kind of timing scan, when the neighbor node that discovery one is new, and when link-quality is good, this node need be established to the link of new neighbor node by Handshake Protocol, to guarantee the networking at any time of new node, can quit work or leave communication range by original node in Timeliness coverage net equally by this method.
The updating maintenance routing table stage: each node is according to network topology change real-time update maintaining routing list;
The dynamic time slot allocation stage: be that transmission link between each node and its neighbor node carries out dynamic time slot allocation according to communication requirement;
When the communication requirement of a certain node increases, it can be the more time slot of this link assignment; When the communication requirement of a certain node declines, this link will obtain less time slot, discharge unnecessary time slot and use for other node.
The routing management stage: when a certain node needs to communicate with non-neighbor node, select the shortest transmission path by routing management; When a certain node needs to communicate with neighbor node, directly perform subsequent step.
Network layer basic function, for realizing multi-hop transmission, makes two the node of direct communication can not can carry out swap data by the forwarding of via node.This agreement can adapt to the network topology change that node motion is brought, and comprises access and exits this network, the full mesh topology information that each node that upgrades in time is grasped, for transfer of data provides correct forward-path in real time.
S3: the knot adjustment multi-beam antenna array element separately of communicating pair, makes its antenna be aligned with each other, then carry out information transmission by scattering over-the-horizon system between node.
Claims (6)
1. a multi-beam scatter communication apparatus, comprise GPS (1), monitoring unit (2), indoor unit (3) and outdoor unit (4), it is characterized in that: described indoor unit (3) comprises protocol processing unit (3-1), modulator (3-2), D/A unit (3-3), sender (3-4), receiver (3-5), automatic gain control unit (3-6), A/D unit (3-7) and demodulator (3-8), outdoor unit (4) comprises power amplifier unit (4-1), low noise amplifier (4-2), switching network (4-3) and multi-beam antenna (4-4),
The output port 1 outputting standard time reference of GPS (1) and geographical location information are to the input port 1 of protocol processing unit (3-1); The input port 3 of protocol processing unit (3-1) receives external business data; Business datum is carried out the process of non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system by protocol processing unit (3-1), is exported to the input port 1 of modulator (3-2) after being converted to transmission information by output port 6; Delivered to the input port 1 of D/A unit (3-3) by output port 2 after transmission information is carried out signal madulation formation digital signal by modulator (3-2); Exported to the input port 1 of sender (3-4) by output port 2 after D/A unit (3-3) is converted to analog signal digital signal; Delivered to the input port 1 of power amplifier unit (4-1) by output port 2 after analog signal is up-converted to radiofrequency signal by sender (3-4); Delivered to the input port 1 of switching network (4-3) by output port 2 after power amplifier unit (4-1) radio frequency signal carries out power amplification; Radiofrequency signal after power amplification is sent to opposite end through multi-beam antenna (4-4) by switching network (4-3);
Multi-beam antenna (4-4) receives the radiofrequency signal that opposite end sends over, and the output port 2 via switching network (4-3) delivers to the input port 2 of low noise amplifier (4-2); Delivered to the input port 2 of receiver (3-5) by output port 1 after low noise amplifier (4-2) radio frequency signal carries out low noise amplification; Radiofrequency signal after low noise amplification is down-converted to intermediate frequency by receiver (3-5), and delivers to the input port 2 of automatic gain control unit (3-6) by output port 1; The input port 2 being delivered to A/D unit (3-7) after gain control obtains the intermediate-freuqncy signal of constant amplitude by output port 1 is carried out in automatic gain control unit (3-6) automatic centering frequently signal; A/D unit (3-7) carries out analog-to-digital conversion to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of constant amplitude and forms digital signal, digital signal is delivered to the input port 2 of demodulator (3-8) by output port 1; Demodulator (3-8) carries out to digital signal the input port 7 being delivered to protocol processing unit (3-1) after demodulation obtains reception information by output port 1; Protocol processing unit (3-1) is exported by output port 4 after reception information is carried out non-stop layer MANET protocol processes; The operating state of this communicator and the state of multi-beam antenna are delivered to monitoring unit (2) by output port 2 and are shown by protocol processing unit (3-1); The inbound port 5 that goes out of protocol processing unit (3-1) is connected with the inbound port 3 that goes out of switching network (4-3), protocol processing unit (3-1) is controlled by the scanning mode of switching over to multi-beam antenna, and monitors the state of multi-beam antenna during received RF signal.
2. a kind of multi-beam scatter communication apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multi-beam antenna (4-4) is the antenna array be put together for a week by multiple narrow beam antenna array element horizontal positioned, only has a few bay work at one time.
3. a multi-beam scatter communication method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
S1: by sequence number values different for each Node configuration in network without center;
S2: each node in network without center according to communication requirement by the orientation of non-stop layer MANET protocol integrated test system multi-beam antenna, carry out dynamic time slot allocation and rate adaptation adjustment, and independently initiate data transportation requirements;
S3: the knot adjustment multi-beam antenna array element separately of communicating pair makes it be aligned with each other, and then carries out information transmission by scattering over-the-horizon system between node.
4. a kind of multi-beam scatter communication method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the non-stop layer MANET agreement in described step S2 is specially:
S21:GPS provides standard time base and geographical location information for nodes all in network without center;
S22: each node carries out comprehensive scanning by multi-beam antenna, know number and the position thereof of its neighbor node according to the result of scanning, then this node neighbor node all with it sets up communication link alternately by shaking hands;
S23: each node is according to network topology change real-time update maintaining routing list;
S24: be that transmission link between each node and its neighbor node carries out dynamic time slot allocation according to communication requirement;
S25: each node judges whether the node carrying out information transmission with it is its neighbor node, if neighbor node, process ends; If non-neighbor node, then select the shortest information transmission path by routing management.
5. a kind of multi-beam scatter communication method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the dynamic assignment time slot in described step S24 is specially: when the communication requirement of node increases, according to communication requirement for this communication link increases time slot allocation; When node communication slump in demand, according to communication requirement for this communication link reduces time slot allocation.
6. a kind of multi-beam scatter communication method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described node is scatter communication apparatus according to claim 1, and the dispersion of multi-section scatter communication apparatus is laid and formed network without center.
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