CN104868203A - Quasi-plane orthogonal mode transducer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quasi-plane orthogonal mode transducer. A conventional three-dimensional structure orthogonal mode transducer is converted into a quasi-plane structure by adopting coupling segments and matching segments of different widths and heights. The structure can be divided into two parts of a pedestal and a cover plate of which the bottom part is a plane. All microwave structures are arranged on the pedestal and one-time processing can be completed via a common numerical control milling machine without overturning a processed workpiece. Processing precision of a device can be guaranteed and influence of a contraposition error between the pedestal and the cover plate on performance of the device can be substantially reduced so that the quasi-plane orthogonal mode transducer has obvious superiority in the fields of high-frequency millimeter wave and terahertz devices. The quasi-plane orthogonal mode transducer can be widely applied to microwave and especially millimeter wave and terahertz frequency band satellite communication and other communication systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter.Specifically, relate to a kind of handling ease, the directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter that machining accuracy easily ensures.
Background technology
Orthogonal mode adapter (Orthogonal Mode Transducer, OMT) is the key element in satellite communication.In linear polarization mode of operation, the linear polarization mode difference that alien frequencies orthogonal mode adapter is used to the signal of uplink and downlink intersects according to it is separated.Be used for the signal plus of two of same frequency mutually perpendicular polarised directions being produced a line polarization wave, to overcome the problem that in signals transmission, the rotation of polarised direction brings with frequency orthogonal mode adapter.Orthogonal mode adapter is three port devices.Traditional directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter is three-dimensional three port devices, and the general die sinking forging type that adopts is produced.When product batch is little and operating frequency very high (such as in millimeter wave frequency band and Terahertz frequency range) time, the method cost is very high, limited precision, is difficult to meet the demands.
Summary of the invention
A kind of precision is the object of the present invention is to provide easily to ensure, the directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter that processing cost is low.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, comprises by least one coupled section, common port, port A, port B.Normal direction edge-the Z-direction of common port center.All coupled section to be interconnected formation coupling cavity along Z-direction.Port A and port B are directly communicated with coupling cavity or are communicated with coupling cavity respectively by least one matching section; Common port is directly communicated with coupling cavity or is communicated with coupling cavity respectively by least one matching section.
General, the sensing of port A along Y-direction, the sensing edge-Z-direction of common port, the sensing edge-X-direction of port B.
The Breadth Maximum of common port and maximum height difference are less than 20%.Preferably implementation, the Breadth Maximum of common port is identical with maximum height, is generally square wave guide or circular waveguide.
For the ease of processing, particularly ensure the progress of processing in high frequency millimeter ripple frequency range and Terahertz frequency range, cut down finished cost, whole device is divided into base and cover plate and is all arranged on base by all field structures of device by us.The bottom surface of described cover plate is a part for plane.Another benefit of this arrangement is, the impact of the bit errors between base and cover plate on the performance of device is greatly diminished.For this reason, we allow the upper surface flush of all parts of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter.Described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter comprises all coupled section, matching section, common port, port A and port B.
About the direction of each port, we have several various combination:
The first situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is greater than-45 and spends, and is less than 45 degree.Angle between the normal direction of port B center and Z-direction is greater than 45 degree, is less than 135 degree.Namely the angle between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is included angle A, the span of included angle A is: 45 degree >=A >=-45 are spent, angle between the normal direction of port B center and Z-direction is included angle B, and the span of included angle B is: 135 degree >=A >=45 degree; Preferably situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A and Z-direction is zero, and the angle between the normal direction of port B center and Z-direction is 90 degree.
in order to improve the polarization isolation of the common port of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, we select to arrange waveguide short detail on described coupling cavity: the width of at least one coupled section is greater than D+E; Wherein D be all matching sections be directly connected with described coupling cavity, the common port be directly connected with described coupling cavity, the port A be directly connected with described coupling cavity and the maximum of the width of port B that is directly connected with described coupling cavity; E is 20% of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter maximum operating frequency place free space wavelength.
At this moment, in order to realize the centering between common port and port A port, we are at the external waveguide A of port A.External waveguide A's is parallel with Z-direction with the line of the central point of common port with the geometric center point of cross section of port A junction simultaneously.
The second situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is greater than 45 degree, is less than 135 degree.Angle between the normal direction of port B center and the normal direction of port A center is greater than 90 degree, is less than 270 degree.Namely the angle between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is included angle A, the span of included angle A is: 135 degree >=A >=45 degree, angle between the normal direction of port B center and the normal direction of port A center is included angle B, and the span of included angle B is: 270 degree >=A >=90 degree; Preferably situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A and Z-direction is 90 degree, and the angle between the normal direction of port B center and Z-direction is also 90 degree.The normal direction of port A is contrary with the normal direction of port B center, points to X-direction and-X-direction respectively.
in order to improve the polarization isolation of the common port of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, we select to arrange waveguide short detail on described coupling cavity: have a coupled section be only communicated with adjacent coupled section at least be parallel to that the full-size in Z-direction is greater than described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter maximum operating frequency place free space wavelength 20%.
Above-mentioned two situations, are generally used in the design of alien frequencies orthogonal mode adapter.
The third situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is greater than-45 and spends, and is less than 45 degree; Angle between the normal direction of port B center and the normal direction of port A center is also greater than-45 and spends, and is less than 45 degree, and the angle namely between the normal direction of port A center and Z-direction is included angle A, and the span of included angle A is: 45 degree >=A >=-45 are spent; Between the normal direction of port B center and the normal direction of port A center is included angle B, and the span of included angle B is: 45 degree >=A >=-45 are spent; The cross section of port A and port B is rectangle, and the width of port A is less than its height, and the width of port B is less than its height.Preferably situation, the angle between the normal direction of port A and Z-direction is 0 degree, and the angle between the normal direction of port B center and Z-direction is also 0 degree.The normal direction of port A is identical with the normal direction of port B center, all points to Z-direction.At this moment, the cross section of port A and port B be rectangle and its width be less than its height.This arrangement, is generally used in the design with frequency orthogonal mode adapter.
In order to realize common port and the centering between port A and port B port, we are connected with external waveguide A and external waveguide B respectively outward with port B outside port A.At this moment, the cross section of described common port is left and right Mirror Symmetry shape, and its plane of symmetry is plane Q.External waveguide A is identical with the cross section of external waveguide B, and they respectively with the joint face of port A and port B flushing perpendicular in the plane P of Z-direction; External waveguide A and external waveguide B is preferably designed to standard rectangular waveguide.The cross section that external waveguide A crosses plane P is section A, and the cross section that external waveguide B crosses plane P is cross section B, and section A becomes Mirror Symmetry with cross section B about plane Q.
Usually require that the signal of two polarised directions divides the phase difference being clipped to port A and port B to be zero by common port with frequency orthogonal mode adapter.For this reason, we make described external waveguide A identical with the length of external waveguide B; Microwave signal the working band of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter in is greater than-10 from common port to the difference of the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide B to the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide A and microwave signal from common port and spends, and is less than 10 degree.
In alien frequencies orthogonal mode adapter, the polarised direction of port A and port B is perpendicular.This has two kinds of compound modes:
First kind of way, the cross section of port A is rectangle and its width is greater than its height; The cross section of port B is rectangle and its width is less than its height.
The second way, the cross section of port A is rectangle and its width is less than its height; The cross section of port B is rectangle and its width is greater than its height.
In order to the bandwidth of operation of this device of broadening, improve the polarization isolation of device, we have following measure:
Measure one, the number of described coupled section is 2 or is greater than 2; In all coupled section, has the Breadth Maximum of a coupled section larger than the Breadth Maximum of another coupled section 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another coupled section of peak height ratio of a coupled section at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a coupled section larger than the Breadth Maximum of another coupled section 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another coupled section of peak height ratio of a coupled section at least.
Measure two, in described common port and all matching sections between common port and coupling cavity, device is common port or above-mentioned matching section, has the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
Measure three, in port A and all matching sections between port A and coupling cavity, device is port A or above-mentioned matching section, has the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
Measure four, in port B and all matching sections between port B and coupling cavity, device is port B or above-mentioned matching section, has the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
Above four measures, both can adopt respectively, also can adopt wherein two kinds, three kinds or whole four kinds simultaneously.
In the actual course of processing, the junction between each several part of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter needs to carry out chamfered.These chamferings are that this device is convenient to adopt numerical control machining center to complete processing by milling mode, and its impact should take in the design and simulation of device.
The most important feature of the present invention is, by adopting coupled section and the matching section of different in width and height, makes the orthogonal mode adapter of traditional three-dimensional structure change the structure of directrix plane into.This structure can be divided into base and bottom to be cover plate two parts of plane.All microwave structures are all arranged on base, can without the need to overturning, work piece is disposable to be machined by Numerical-control Milling Machines.The present invention, while the machining accuracy ensureing device, can reduce the impact of the bit errors between base and cover plate on the performance of device significantly, have obvious superiority at high-frequency millimeter wave and THz devices field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of schematic top plan view of the present invention and embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment 2
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment 3
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment 4
Fig. 5 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment 5
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment 6
The corresponding title of attached number in the figure: 1-common port, 2-port A, 3-port B, 5-coupled section, 6-matching section.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, when defining this paper direction, first will rectify before placement and reader by paper level herein, in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, set up rectangular coordinate system, wherein X-direction, Y direction and Z-direction meet the right-hand rule.Fore-and-aft direction up and down is herein defined as respectively: left refers to reader's left direction.Right refers to the direction, the right of reader.Namely left refers to the direction along X-axis, and right refers to the direction of edge-X-axis, top, and along the direction of Y-axis, below refers to the direction of edge-Y-axis.Define height herein and width is: highly, described structure goes up in this article along the Y direction simultaneously
size.Width: described structure perpendicular in the plane of Y-axis perpendicular in signal transmission direction
size.
length: described structure is in the size of the plane in parallel perpendicular to Y-axis in signal transmission direction.
the maximum operating frequency of directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, refer to can effectively (Insertion Loss is very low, such as lower than 3dB) by the highest frequency of the microwave signal of the common port of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter.According to application target, the frequency range of two signals of the orthogonal polarization of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter may be identical, also may be different.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1.
Directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, comprises 3 coupled section 5, common port 1, port A2, port B3.Normal direction edge-the Z-direction of common port 1 center.All coupled section 5 to be interconnected formation coupling cavity along Z-direction.Port A2 is communicated with coupling cavity respectively by 2 matching sections 6 with port B3.Common port 1 is communicated with coupling cavity by 2 matching sections 6.
The shape of cross section of common port 1 is square.
The upper surface flush of all parts of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter.Described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter comprises all coupled section 5, matching section 6, common port 1, port A2 and port B3.
Angle between the normal direction of port A2 center and Z-direction is 0 degree.Angle between the normal direction of port B3 center and Z-direction is 90 degree.
At the external waveguide A of port A2.External waveguide A's is parallel with Z-direction with the line of the central point of common port 1 with the geometric center point of the cross section of port A2 junction simultaneously.
The cross section of port A2 is rectangle and its width is less than its height; The cross section of port B3 is rectangle and its width is greater than its height.
The number of described coupled section 5 is 3; At least 10% is differed between the maximum height of all coupled section 5.At least 10% is differed between the Breadth Maximum of all coupled section 5.
Described common port 1 and at least differ 10% between common port 1 with the maximum height of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6.Described common port 1 and at least differ 10% between common port 1 with the Breadth Maximum of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6.
Port A2 and at least differ 10% between port A2 with the maximum height of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6.Port A2 and at least differ 10% between port A2 with the Breadth Maximum of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6.
Port B3 and at least differ 10% between port B3 with the Breadth Maximum of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6; Port B3 and at least differ 10% between port B3 with the maximum height of the matching section of 2 between coupling cavity 6;
embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2.
Only be with the difference of embodiment 1, all coupled section 5 and the shape of matching section 6 are all cuboid.The cross section of port A2 is rectangle and its width is greater than its height; The cross section of port B3 is rectangle and its width is less than its height.
embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3.
This embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 2, adds what matching section 6, and the cross section of 1 is rectangle and becomes left and right specular relative to its plane of symmetry plane Q simultaneously.Between port A2 and original 2 matching sections 6, add two other matching section 6, and make the width of the cross section of port A2 be less than its height.Meanwhile, between port B3 and original 2 matching sections 6, other 3 matching sections 6 are added.And make the normal direction of port B3 turn to Z-direction, parallel with the normal direction of port A2.By suitable design, we can make port A2 and port B3 identical or close to identical in working band with the phase difference between common port 1 respectively.
Be connected with external waveguide A and external waveguide B respectively outward with port B3 outside port A2.External waveguide A is identical with the cross section of external waveguide B, and they respectively with the joint face of port A2 and port B3 flushing perpendicular in the plane P of Z-direction; External waveguide A and external waveguide B is standard rectangular waveguide, and they become left and right specular relative to symmetrical plane Q.
Meanwhile, described external waveguide A is identical with the length of external waveguide B; Microwave signal the working band of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter in is greater than-10 from common port 1 to the difference of the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide B to the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide A and microwave signal from common port 1 and spends, and is less than 10 degree.
embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4.
Only be with the difference of embodiment 1, normal direction and the normal direction of the center of port B3 of the center of port A2 are changed to into 180 degree of angles.
embodiment 5
as shown in Figure 5.
only be with the difference of embodiment 2, coupling cavity be provided with a waveguide short detail: the width E larger than the width of two coupled section be attached thereto forming one, centre in three coupled section of coupling cavity.Wherein E is 20% of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter maximum operating frequency place free space wavelength.The polarization isolation of embodiment 2 is at below 30db, and the polarization isolation of the present embodiment is at more than 35db, and polarization isolation performance parameters of the present invention more.
embodiment 6
as shown in Figure 6.
only be with the difference of embodiment 2, coupling cavity be provided with a waveguide short detail: have a coupled section 5 be only communicated with adjacent coupled section 5 be parallel to that the full-size in Z-direction is greater than described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter maximum operating frequency place free space wavelength 20%.
Above are only citing.In actual production, for the ease of adopting CNC milling machine processing, the junction between each several part forming this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter needs chamfering.This change belongs to the common practice in microwave components design processing.Its impact should be taken into account in the design.
Claims (10)
1. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter, is characterized in that, comprises at least one coupled section (5), also comprises common port (1), port A(2), port B(3); Normal direction edge-the Z-direction of common port (1) center; All coupled section (5) to be interconnected formation coupling cavity along Z-direction; Port A(2) be directly communicated with coupling cavity with port B (3) or be communicated with coupling cavity respectively by least one matching section (6); Common port (1) is directly communicated with coupling cavity or is communicated with coupling cavity by least one matching section (6); The Breadth Maximum of common port (1) and maximum height difference are less than 20%.
2. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross section of described common port (1) is left and right Mirror Symmetry shape, and its plane of symmetry is plane Q; Described port A(2) be connected with external waveguide A outward, port B (3) is connected with external waveguide B outward; External waveguide A is identical with the cross section of external waveguide B, and they respectively with port A(2) and port B(3) joint face flushing perpendicular in the plane P of Z-direction; The cross section that external waveguide A crosses plane P is section A, and the cross section that external waveguide B crosses plane P is cross section B, and section A becomes Mirror Symmetry with cross section B about plane Q.
3. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described external waveguide A is identical with the length of external waveguide B; Microwave signal the working band of this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter in is greater than-10 from common port (1) to the difference of the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide B to the phase place of the one end this directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter of the sensing of external waveguide A and microwave signal from common port (1) and spends, and is less than 10 degree simultaneously.
4. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described port A(2) be connected with external waveguide A outward; Simultaneously external waveguide A and port A(2) geometric center point of cross section of junction and the line of the central point of common port (1) be lines M, lines M is parallel with Z-direction.
5. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, port A(2) and port B(3) cross section be rectangle; As port A(2) width be greater than port A(2) height time, then port B(3) width be less than port B(3) height; As port B(3) width be greater than port B(3) height time, then port A(2) width be less than port A(2) height.
6. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the number of described coupled section (5) is 2 or is greater than 2; In all coupled section (5), has the Breadth Maximum of a coupled section (5) at least than the Breadth Maximum large 10% of another coupled section (5); Or have the maximum height large 10% of another coupled section of peak height ratio (5) of a coupled section (5) at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a coupled section (5) at least than the Breadth Maximum large 10% of another coupled section (5), meanwhile, have the large coupled section (5) 10% of the maximum height of another coupled section of peak height ratio (5) of a coupled section (5) at least.
7. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at described common port (1) and all matching sections (6) of being arranged between common port (1) and coupling cavity, device is common port (1) or above-mentioned matching section (6), has the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or, have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
8. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at described port A(2) and be arranged in port A(2) and coupling cavity between all matching sections (6), device is port A(2) or above-mentioned matching section (6), have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
9. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at described port B(3) and be arranged in port B(3) and coupling cavity between all matching sections (6), device is port B(3) or above-mentioned matching section (6), have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least; Or have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least; Or have the Breadth Maximum of a device larger than the Breadth Maximum of another device 10% at least, meanwhile, have the maximum height large 10% of another device of peak height ratio of a device at least.
10. directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the width of at least one coupled section (5) is greater than D+E; Wherein D be all matching sections (6) be directly connected with described coupling cavity, the common port (1) be directly connected with described coupling cavity, the port A(2 that is directly connected with described coupling cavity) and the port B(3 that is directly connected with described coupling cavity) the maximum of width; E is 20% of described directrix plane orthogonal mode adapter maximum operating frequency place free space wavelength.
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Citations (4)
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| US5959508A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-09-28 | Thomcast Communications, Inc. | Electromagnetic wave combining device and television broadcast transmission system using same |
| CN103633449A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | 安德鲁有限责任公司 | Dual-polarized reflector antenna component |
| CN203674349U (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-06-25 | 深圳国人通信股份有限公司 | Orthogonal mode converter |
| CN104617359A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Orthogonal mode adaptor |
-
2015
- 2015-05-28 CN CN201510277717.5A patent/CN104868203B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5959508A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-09-28 | Thomcast Communications, Inc. | Electromagnetic wave combining device and television broadcast transmission system using same |
| CN103633449A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-03-12 | 安德鲁有限责任公司 | Dual-polarized reflector antenna component |
| CN203674349U (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-06-25 | 深圳国人通信股份有限公司 | Orthogonal mode converter |
| CN104617359A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Orthogonal mode adaptor |
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