CN104865975A - Solar tracking control system of large-scale solar power station and control method thereof - Google Patents
Solar tracking control system of large-scale solar power station and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar tracking control system of a large-scale solar power station, which comprises the components of a host computer, a field control unit, a power supply unit, a controlled object which acquires solar energy, and a motor. The controlled object is provided with an inclination angle sensor and optical focusing sensor. The inclination angle sensor acquires the inclination angle information of the controlled object and transmits the inclination angle of the controlled object to the field control unit through an angle acquisition unit. The optical focusing sensor acquires relative position information between the sun and the controlled object, and transmits the relative position information to the field control unit. The field control unit is connected with the motor through a motor driver. The output end of the motor is transmissibly connected with the tracking bracket of the controlled object. The power supply unit is arranged in a field control cabinet. The host computer comprises a man-machine interaction interface and a control controller. The central controller is in communication connection with the field control unit through wireless Ethernet or an optical fiber. The invention further discloses a solar tracking control method for the large-scale solar power station. The inclination angle of the controlled object can be accurately controlled, and accurate solar tracking is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar tracking control system, particularly a kind of solar tracking control system of large solar power station, the invention still further relates to the solar tracking control method in large solar power station, belong to technical field of solar.
Background technology
For the utilization of sun power, development in recent years the fastest no more than opto-electronic conversion and solar energy power generating.And in whole solar power system, angular dimension between sunray and solar panel directly decides cell panel output power height, angle (0 ° ~ 90 °) between sunray and solar panel is larger, solar panel generating output power is higher, therefore, in solar electrical energy generation process, optimal state is remained by solar panel vertical with sunray (namely angle is 90 °), can reach maximizing efficiency like this.
In order to achieve the above object, Chinese patent database discloses a patent name on Dec 19th, 2012: solar energy sun-following system, application number is: CN201210352650, the applying date is: the patent of invention of on 09 21st, 2012, and this solar energy sun-following system comprises control device, gearing, image collecting device, image processing apparatus and filtering apparatus; Image collecting device for gathering the image of the sun, with image processing apparatus; Image processing apparatus, for calculating sun position in the picture, is electrically connected with gearing.By being stored in the relation table in control device, to generating carrier carry out coarse regulation, relend and help image collecting device and image processing apparatus, utilize image compensation technology calibrate generating carrier to Japanese side to.When image collecting device cannot effectively perception position of sun time, sun tracking system is then with the solar tracking of passive homing mode.
The weak point of above-mentioned solar energy sun-following system is: for the cloudy situation waiting weather changeable, image collecting device exists may effective perception position of sun information, certainly exist the frequent switching that image acquisition controls to control with the coarse regulation of generating carrier two kinds of patterns, tracker is existed and controls shake; And it can not pass through imageing sensor parameter, realizes the self study of the Controlling model of passive sun tracking system, can not optimize passive model accuracy gradually; Image collecting device is only had the perception solar time cannot just to carry out the coarse regulation of generating carrier, advanced experience can not be realized control, can not realize just implementing tracing control before image acquisition controls deviation not detected, under high precision tracking demand, there is the trickle shake of tracing positional.In addition, prior art is mostly: 1, a tracking control unit controls a support, like this when large-scale application, there is power supply unit, communication unit, processor etc. simply to repeat to install, cause system component number huge, add power station tracker components and parts fault total amount and fault-time, increase O&M cost; 2, adopt the middle low rate communication forms such as RS-485, during large-scale application, communication time delay is delayed, low-response.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of solar tracking control system of large solar power station is provided, solve the problem that solar tracking control accuracy is not high enough, system is reliable and stable not, fault-time is many and O&M cost is high existed in prior art, and communication time delay is delayed during large-scale application, the problem of low-response.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the solar tracking control system in large solar power station, comprise host computer, field control unit, power supply unit, for gathering the controlled device of sun power and the motor for controlling the controlled device anglec of rotation; Described controlled device is provided with obliquity sensor and optical focusing sensor; Described obliquity sensor for gathering the obliquity information of controlled device, and transfers to field control unit by angle acquisition device; Described optical focusing sensor obtains the sun and controlled device relative position information, and is transferred to field control unit; Described field control unit is electrically connected with the input end of motor by motor driver, and the output terminal of motor and the tracking support of controlled device are in transmission connection; Described power supply unit is located in field control cabinet, and the input end of power supply unit connects 380V three-phase alternating current civil power, and output terminal is electrically connected with field control unit, motor driver respectively; Described host computer comprises human-computer interaction interface and central controller, and described central controller is connected by wireless ethernet or optical fiber communication with between field control unit.
Described controlled device is Photospot solar module.
Described controlled device is non-concentrating solar receiver.
Described controlled device is catoptron.
Described power supply unit comprises transformer, and transformer comprises former limit and multiple mutually isolated secondary, and former limit is electrically connected with 380V three-phase alternating current city, each secondary respectively by rectifier for field control unit and motor driver provide different operating voltage.
Described optical focusing sensor comprises optical lens, dim light diaphragm and imageing sensor, and described dim light diaphragm is located in the light path of optical lens, and described imageing sensor converts optical imagery to electronic signal transmission to field control unit.
Described imageing sensor is ccd sensor.
Described imageing sensor is cmos sensor.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the solar tracking control system in large solar power station provided by the invention produces is: 1, be provided with obliquity sensor, achieve point of theory closed-loop control, simultaneity factor is provided with optical focusing sensor, carry out optical monitoring operation result, if there is deviation, then calculate modified value, point of theory is revised, and record the revised actual result that will run, improve Systematical control precision, make system achieve the annual high precision without the need to manually adjusting parameter and run; 2, adopt 380V three-phase alternating current civil power, circuit loss is few, voltage exports Wen Bo little, voltage is steady, single power is large, and device is few, and reliability is high, and adaptive capacity to environment is strong; 3, a field control unit can control multiple tracking support, and system device sum is few, reduces system failure rate; 4, be connected by wireless ethernet or fiber optic Ethernet between central controller with field control unit, be convenient to mass data transmission, realize advanced algorithm by the long-range computing of Central Control Room, reduce field controller control algolithm pressure.
Another object of the present invention is to the solar tracking control method that a kind of large solar power station is provided, comprise the steps:
Step one: set up pixel coordinate system: obtain onesize some pictures by optical focusing sensor, any point on picture is defined as true origin, using orthogonal both direction as positive and negative coordinate axis, set up pixel coordinate system using pixel as base unit;
Step 2: the official portrait vegetarian refreshments calculating ideal position: through field adjustable, find the ideal position between the sun and controlled device, obtain this time chart sheet information by optical focusing sensor, sun centre point is corresponded in pixel coordinate system, calculates official portrait vegetarian refreshments;
Step 3: calculate theoretical inclination angle: field control unit calculates the theoretical position of the current time sun, calculates the theoretical inclination angle of current time controlled device, adds modified value, draws the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), and record this value;
Step 4: calculate actual pixels point: optical focusing sensor gathers the image information of the current time sun, if the image information of the sun normally can be obtained, the image information acquisition then marking this moment sun in record sheet is normal, calculate the actual pixels point that the center of circle of the current time sun is corresponding in pixel coordinate system, otherwise the image information marking the sun in record sheet is abnormal, for inquiring about in the future;
Step 5: pixel multilevel iudge: whether multilevel iudge official portrait vegetarian refreshments overlaps with actual pixels point: if two pixel position deviations are less than error permissible value, then keep modified value constant, otherwise, then with official portrait vegetarian refreshments for benchmark, calculate controlled device current time deviation, the modified value that must make new advances;
Step 6: gather actual inclination angle: the angle being gathered obliquity sensor by angle acquisition device, if the solar bracket that obliquity sensor detects in perpendicular only an axle have the inclination angle of rotative component to be α, in perpendicular, diaxon has the inclination angle of rotative component to be β, by operation transform assignment: α
1=α,
obtain the physical location (α of controlled device
1, β
1), feed back to field control unit;
Step 7: inclination angle multilevel iudge, action executing: the physical location (α comparing controlled device
1, β
1) and the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), if deviation is more than or equal to error permissible value, then calculate the deviation at two inclination angles respectively, and sending controling instruction is to motor driver, by the inclination angle of motor adjustment controlled device, if deviation is less than error permissible value, then without the need to adjusting the inclination angle circulation step three to seven of controlled device.
When weather conditions are not good, when optical focusing sensor cannot catch the position of the current time sun, field control unit, according to the angle of inclination information of nearest one day controlled device that can obtain position of sun, calculates and adjusts the desirable angle of inclination of controlled device on the same day.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the solar tracking control method in large solar power station provided by the invention produces is:
1, point of theory closed-loop control is adopted to add the control strategy of optics correction, system is made to have empirical value, next step angle run can be known in advance, achieve before optical focusing sensor does not detect angular deviation, just shift to an earlier date pattern type empirical value by angle closed-loop control system and complete closed-loop control in advance, the various weather condition of effective reply, realize round-the-clock Continuous Tracking to run, further raising control accuracy, introduce optics correction algorithm, have modified empirical model error and mechanical transmission errors, make system achieve the annual high precision without the need to manually adjusting parameter to run, what 2, optical focusing sensor detected is the central coordinate of circle of the sun, and the coordinate of the official portrait vegetarian refreshments demarcated by amendment, just can eliminate the tracking focus offset problem because mechanical ageing distortion, settlement of foundation etc. cause, 3, provide double-shaft tilt angle sensor angular transformation disposal route, under the operating mode that can adopt obliquity sensor, the preferential sensor adopting the type, can reduce rack mechanical accuracy requirement, thus reduces system cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the solar tracking control system in large solar power station provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the angle schematic diagram of the actual angle value that will perform of controlled device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, the structured flowchart of the solar tracking control system in large solar power station provided by the invention, comprise host computer, field control unit, power supply unit, for gathering the controlled device of sun power and the motor for controlling the controlled device anglec of rotation.Host computer is arranged in Central Control Room, carries out communication be connected by wireless ethernet or optical fiber with each field control unit on-the-spot.Field control unit is hyperchannel input and output, can the angle acquisition device of connecting multi-channel, optical focusing sensor and motor driver etc., realize multi-way contral.Controlled device is provided with obliquity sensor and optical focusing sensor, and obliquity sensor for gathering the obliquity information of controlled device, and transfers to field control unit by angle acquisition device.Optical focusing sensor for obtaining the sun and controlled device relative position information, and is transferred to field control unit; Field control unit is electrically connected with the input end of motor by motor driver, and the output terminal of motor and the tracking support of controlled device are in transmission connection.Follow the tracks of support and can select single shaft or tracking support with double shafts.
In order to reduce, circuit loss is few, voltage exports Wen Bo, and power supply unit is located in field control cabinet, and the input end of power supply unit connects 380V three-phase alternating current civil power, and output terminal is electrically connected with field control unit, motor respectively.Host computer comprises human-computer interaction interface and central controller, is connected between central controller with field control unit by wireless ethernet or optical fiber communication.
Power supply unit comprises transformer, and transformer comprises former limit and multiple mutually isolated secondary, and former limit is electrically connected with 380V three-phase alternating current city, each secondary respectively by rectifier for field control unit and motor driver provide different operating voltage.
Optical focusing sensor comprises optical lens, dim light diaphragm and imageing sensor, and dim light diaphragm is located at the surface of optical lens, and imageing sensor converts optical imagery to electronic signal transmission to field control unit.Imageing sensor can select ccd sensor or cmos sensor.
Controlled device can select Photospot solar module, comprises disc type condensation system, lens light gathering system etc.
Controlled device also can select non-concentrating solar receiver, comprises crystal silicon photovoltaic plate etc.
Controlled device also can select catoptron, comprises heliostat, linear Fei Nier catoptron etc.
For the control system of high precision tracking service requirement, can be each tracking support correspondence configuration obliquity sensor and an optical focusing sensor, for the less demanding control system of tracking accuracy, because in several kilometer range, the change of sunshine angle is very little, therefore one of them tracking support be can be only and obliquity sensor and optical focusing sensor configured simultaneously, all the other are followed the tracks of support and only configure obliquity sensor, do not configure optical focusing sensor, the tracking support being simultaneously configured with obliquity sensor and optical focusing sensor adopts angle closed loop to add the control mode of optical focusing correction, eliminate correlated error, obtain the actual angle that will perform, pass through central controller, by the actual angle that will perform obtained, synchronized transmission is followed the tracks of support to other and is synchronously performed.
The solar tracking control method in large solar power station provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
Step one: set up pixel coordinate system: obtain onesize some pictures by optical focusing sensor, any point on picture is defined as true origin, using orthogonal both direction as positive and negative coordinate axis, set up pixel coordinate system using pixel as base unit;
Step 2: the official portrait vegetarian refreshments calculating ideal position: through field adjustable, find the ideal position between the sun and controlled device, obtain this time chart sheet information by optical focusing sensor, sun centre point is corresponded in pixel coordinate system, calculates official portrait vegetarian refreshments; For Photospot solar module and non-concentrating solar receiver, ideal position refers to that sunray is vertical with Photospot solar module or non-concentrating solar receiver.For catoptron, ideal position digital reflex light accurately reflexes on receiving device, and meanwhile, in the sun picture that adjustment ccd sensor obtains, the sun center of circle is at the near center location of picture.
Step 3: calculate theoretical inclination angle: field control unit calculates the theoretical position of the current time sun, calculates the theoretical inclination angle of current time controlled device, adds modified value, draws the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), and record this value; Wherein α
0an expression perpendicular interior tracking support only axle has the axle of transmission component and the angle of gravity vertical, β
0represent in perpendicular that following the tracks of support diaxon has the axle of transmission component and the angle of gravity vertical, as shown in Figure 2, in figure L1 represent in perpendicular follow the tracks of support only an axle have the axle of transmission component, L2 represents in perpendicular and follows the tracks of the axle that support diaxon has transmission component, and L3 represents gravity vertical.
Step 4: calculate actual pixels point: optical focusing sensor gathers the image information of the current time sun, if the image information of the sun normally can be obtained, the image information acquisition then marking this moment sun in record sheet is normal, calculate the actual pixels point that the center of circle of the current time sun is corresponding in pixel coordinate system, otherwise the image information marking the sun in record sheet is abnormal, for inquiring about in the future;
Step 5: pixel multilevel iudge: whether multilevel iudge official portrait vegetarian refreshments overlaps with actual pixels point: if two pixel position deviations are less than error permissible value, then keep modified value constant, otherwise, then with official portrait vegetarian refreshments for benchmark, calculate controlled device current time deviation, the modified value that must make new advances;
Step 6: gather actual inclination angle: the angle being gathered obliquity sensor by angle acquisition device, if the solar bracket that obliquity sensor detects in perpendicular only an axle have the inclination angle of rotative component to be α, in perpendicular, diaxon has the inclination angle of rotative component to be β, by operation transform assignment: α
1=α,
obtain the physical location (α of controlled device
1, β
1), feed back to field control unit;
Step 7: inclination angle multilevel iudge, action executing: the physical location (α comparing controlled device
1, β
1) and the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), if deviation is more than or equal to error permissible value, then calculate the deviation at two inclination angles respectively, and sending controling instruction is to motor driver, by the inclination angle of motor adjustment controlled device, if deviation is less than error permissible value, then without the need to adjusting the inclination angle circulation step three to seven of controlled device.
When weather conditions are not good, when optical focusing sensor cannot catch the position of the current time sun, field control unit, according to the angle of inclination information of nearest one day controlled device that can obtain position of sun, calculates and adjusts the desirable angle of inclination of controlled device on the same day.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and distortion, these improve and distortion also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station, is characterized in that, comprise host computer, field control unit, power supply unit, for gathering the controlled device of sun power and the motor for controlling the controlled device anglec of rotation; Described controlled device is provided with obliquity sensor and optical focusing sensor;
Described obliquity sensor for gathering the obliquity information of controlled device, and transfers to field control unit by angle acquisition device;
Described optical focusing sensor obtains the sun and controlled device relative position information, and is transferred to field control unit;
Described field control unit is electrically connected with the input end of motor by motor driver, and the output terminal of motor and the tracking support of controlled device are in transmission connection;
Described power supply unit is located in field control cabinet, and the input end of power supply unit connects 380V three-phase alternating current civil power, and output terminal is electrically connected with field control unit, motor driver respectively;
Described host computer comprises human-computer interaction interface and central controller, and described central controller is connected by wireless ethernet or optical fiber communication with between field control unit.
2. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controlled device is Photospot solar module.
3. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controlled device is non-concentrating solar receiver.
4. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controlled device is catoptron.
5. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described power supply unit comprises transformer, transformer comprises former limit and multiple mutually isolated secondary, former limit is electrically connected with 380V three-phase alternating current city, each secondary respectively by rectifier for field control unit and motor driver provide different operating voltage.
6. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical focusing sensor comprises optical lens, dim light diaphragm and imageing sensor, described dim light diaphragm is located in the light path of optical lens, and described imageing sensor converts optical imagery to electronic signal transmission to field control unit.
7. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described imageing sensor is ccd sensor.
8. the solar tracking control system in large solar power station according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described imageing sensor is cmos sensor.
9. the solar tracking control method in large solar power station, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one: set up pixel coordinate system: obtain onesize some pictures by optical focusing sensor, any point on picture is defined as true origin, using orthogonal both direction as positive and negative coordinate axis, set up pixel coordinate system using pixel as base unit;
Step 2: the official portrait vegetarian refreshments calculating ideal position: through field adjustable, find the ideal position between the sun and controlled device, obtain this time chart sheet information by optical focusing sensor, sun centre point is corresponded in pixel coordinate system, calculates official portrait vegetarian refreshments;
Step 3: calculate theoretical inclination angle: field control unit calculates the theoretical position of the current time sun, calculates the theoretical inclination angle of current time controlled device, adds modified value, draws the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), and record this value;
Step 4: calculate actual pixels point: optical focusing sensor gathers the image information of the current time sun, if the image information of the sun normally can be obtained, the image information acquisition then marking this moment sun in record sheet is normal, calculate the actual pixels point that the center of circle of the current time sun is corresponding in pixel coordinate system, otherwise the image information marking the sun in record sheet is abnormal, for inquiring about in the future;
Step 5: pixel multilevel iudge: whether multilevel iudge official portrait vegetarian refreshments overlaps with actual pixels point: if two pixel position deviations are less than error permissible value, then keep modified value constant, otherwise, then with official portrait vegetarian refreshments for benchmark, calculate controlled device current time deviation, the modified value that must make new advances;
Step 6: gather actual inclination angle: the angle being gathered obliquity sensor by angle acquisition device, if the solar bracket that obliquity sensor detects in perpendicular only an axle have the inclination angle of rotative component to be α, in perpendicular, diaxon has the inclination angle of rotative component to be β, by operation transform assignment: α
1=α,
obtain the physical location (α of controlled device
1, β
1), feed back to field control unit;
Step 7: inclination angle multilevel iudge, action executing: the physical location (α comparing controlled device
1, β
1) and the actual angle value (α that will perform of controlled device
0, β
0), if deviation is more than or equal to error permissible value, then calculate the deviation at two inclination angles respectively, and sending controling instruction is to motor driver, by the inclination angle of motor adjustment controlled device, if deviation is less than error permissible value, then without the need to adjusting the inclination angle circulation step three to seven of controlled device.
10. the solar tracking control method in large solar power station according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when weather conditions are not good, when optical focusing sensor cannot catch the position of the current time sun, field control unit, according to the angle of inclination information of nearest one day controlled device that can obtain position of sun, calculates and adjusts the desirable angle of inclination of controlled device on the same day.
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