CN104865163B - A kind of lossless measurement and the method and system for estimating endurance performance of concrete - Google Patents
A kind of lossless measurement and the method and system for estimating endurance performance of concrete Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lossless measurement and the methods for estimating endurance performance of concrete, include the following steps：（1）Determine that the armored concrete of concrete raw material and match ratio draws out a determining maturity based on certain --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve；（2）Maturity tester is embedded in the concrete of entity component, tests the ripe angle value of concrete；（3）Rely on step（1）Maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve, the chloride diffusion coefficient of corresponding concrete during the ripe angle value of the anti-different times for releasing on-the-spot test, this chloride diffusion coefficient is compared with the requirement of specification or design to judge whether the chloride diffusion coefficient of the concrete under field condition at this time reaches the requirement of specification or design, so as to estimate endurance performance of concrete.The method of the present invention is time saving, laborsaving, can accurately estimate reinforced concrete member chloride diffusion coefficient, and whole process is not damaged to concrete component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lossless methods based on maturity presumption endurance performance of concrete, and it is durable to belong to concrete
Property amount control technology field.
Technical background
Under marine corrosion environment, the intrusion of chlorion is to lead to the main factor of concrete structure premature failure.
Concrete structure under the conditions of these environmental factors, the key index of the endurance quality of concrete --- concrete chloride ion are spread
Coefficient must satisfy the requirement of specification or design controlling index, otherwise be difficult to reach scheduled design service life, and it is desirable that
In Practical Project construction, the practice of construction quality of concrete also can really implement the requirement of design objective, so as to which infrastructure carries
Height builds quality and service life.The resistance of chloride ion penetration of concrete in addition to water-cement ratio, material composition etc. factors have outside the Pass, also with
The factors such as curing temperature, curing age are related.With the variation of curing temperature and curing age, the hydrated product of concrete and hole
Structure can also develop, and lead to its infiltrative variation.The 1950s, British scholar Saul proposed maturity
Concept, and point out, for same concrete, regardless of its curing temperature and time to change, as long as concrete accumulates phase when spending
Deng compression strength is roughly the same, and maturemeter calculation formula is as shown in Equation 1.
Wherein, M --- maturity (DEG C h or DEG C d)；
θ --- the temperature (DEG C) of dt time inner concretes；
θ0--- constant, generally -10 (DEG C)；
Dt --- the time (h or d).
With the development of maturity theory, using maturity-intensity curve can calculate early strength of concrete gradually into
To know together, and mature technology is formed, be widely used in instructing the construction of concrete works.Unite States Standard ASTM C918-93
Middle regulation, the maturity formula measured according to laboratory standard specimen test can be used for any age in concrete works structure to mix
The reckoning of solidifying soil intensity, specific projectional technique is relation curve slope b and maturity m in formula 21Under the conditions of intensity value
S1Calculate maturity m2Under the conditions of intensity value S2。
S2=S1+b(log m2-log m1) (formula 2)
Some researches show that the more system of the research in relation to concrete crushing strength and maturity correlation is goed deep into, and has
The correlation research for closing maturity and endurance performance of concrete is less, rarely seen concrete riper and mixed chloride diffusion coefficient it
Between relationship research report.
At present, concrete material chloride diffusion coefficient test method is mainly chloride diffusion coefficient test method.It is main
Have following several：(1) electric flux method, including national standard testing of materials association criterion (ASTM C1202) and China《Harbour work
Journey concrete structure anticorrosion technique specification》(JTJ 275-2000)；(2) unstable state migration tests method is marked including Norway
Quasi- test method (NT Build 492) and China's national standard《Normal concrete chronicity and durability test method standard》
" chloride-penetration resistance experiment " (" RCM " method) in (GB/T 50082-2009)；(3) natural immersion method, Norske standard test method
(NT Build443).These test methods are required to laboratory progress indoors, currently, the endurance performance of concrete control in China
Method processed is based on " RCM " method.For the entity component of engineering, need to judge that concrete material performance is used in concrete component
It is no met specification or design requirement when, need the core boring sampling on entity component, then by core sample be sent to laboratory carry out
Then cutting processing carries out the test of the Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete of 3 hours or more by a definite date, time-consuming and laborious；Furthermore once
When sample test results can not meet the requirement of specification or design, because of breakage of the core boring sampling to structure, entity component is again
Sampling and testing would become hard to receive in by construction engineering units.There are no the energy well-characterized coagulations suitable for scene so far
The nondestructive test(ing) method of native chloride diffusion coefficient.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of lossless measurement and the methods for estimating endurance performance of concrete.
Present invention employs following technical schemes to realize foregoing invention purpose：A kind of lossless measurement and presumption concrete are resistance to
The method of long performance, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) determine that the armored concrete of concrete raw material and match ratio draws out a determining maturation based on certain
Degree --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve；
(2) maturity tester is embedded in work progress in the concrete of entity component, tests the maturity of concrete
Value, the concrete and the armored concrete in step (1) of the entity component with roughly the same concrete raw material and are matched
Composition and division in a proportion；
(3) according to the ripe angle value measured in step (2), maturity --- the chloride diffusion coefficient of step (1) is relied on
The chlorine ion binding capacity system of corresponding concrete during the ripe angle value of characteristic relation curve, the anti-different times of release on-the-spot test
Number compares with the requirement of specification or design this chloride diffusion coefficient to judge the concrete under field condition at this time
Chloride diffusion coefficient whether reach the requirement of specification or design, so as to estimate endurance performance of concrete.
Specifically, in the step (1) maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve is by following
Step obtains：
(1.1) after concrete raw material and concrete mix is determined, forming concrete RCM test test specimen, by 3 days, 7
My god, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days 6 ages, each age makes several test test specimens；
(1.2) it is embedded to maturemeter respectively in several test test specimens with batch forming, to detect test test specimen
Concrete riper；
(1.3) test test specimen is distinguished using standard curing when age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days
Its ripe angle value is read, each age, which is averaged, to be recorded；
(1.4) be to curing age respectively the test test specimen of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days test its chlorine from
Sub- diffusion coefficient, each age take effective average value to record；
(1.5) 3 days according to measured by step 1.3,7 days, 14 days, 21 days, the ripe angle value of 28 days and 56 day age and
Chloride diffusion coefficient value measured by step 1.4 is fitted the test test specimen and corresponds to its concrete raw material and concrete matched used
The maturity of composition and division in a proportion --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve.
Preferably, each age at least makes 3 test test specimens in the step 1.1, effective in the step 1.4
Average value refers to using the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the chloride diffusion coefficient of each age group test test specimen as group test test specimen
Chloride diffusion coefficient measured value；When the maximum or difference of minimum value and median is more than the 15% of median, this value should be rejected,
The average value of remaining two value is taken again as measured value；When maximum and minimum value is more than the 15% of median, median should be taken
As measured value.
Preferably, the step 1.4 is by standard GB/T/T 50082-2009《Normal concrete chronicity and durable
Property test method standard》In regulation carry out testing its chloride diffusion coefficient.
Invention another object is that proposing that a kind of lossless measurement and the system for estimating endurance performance of concrete, feature exist
In：The system set a plurality of maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve, every maturity --- chlorine from
Sub- diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve is to determine that the armored concrete of concrete raw material and match ratio is drawn based on certain.
Specifically, every maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve is obtained by following steps：
According to determining concrete raw material and concrete mix forming concrete RCM test test specimen, by 3 days, 7 days,
14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days 6 ages, each age make several test test specimens；
It is embedded to maturemeter respectively in several test test specimens with batch forming, with the coagulation of detection test test specimen
Native maturity；
Test specimen is tested using standard curing, it is read respectively when age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days
Ripe angle value；
Its chlorion is tested to the test test specimen that curing age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days respectively to expand
Coefficient is dissipated, takes effective average value；
The ripe angle value of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, the 28 days and 56 day ages according to measured by above step and chlorine from
Sub- diffusion coefficient value is fitted maturity --- the chlorine that the test test specimen corresponds to its concrete raw material and concrete mix used
Ionic diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve.
The endurance quality of concrete is estimated the present invention is based on the maturity of concrete.Material in concrete under identical maturity
Expect that degree of hydration is identical, Anti-Chloride Ion Penetration has good correlation, and the present invention is by pressing fixed concrete
Raw material and match ratio forming test specimen test the ripe angle value of its different larval instar and corresponding concrete chloride ion diffusion system
Number, so as to formulate corresponding to " maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient " feature of the raw material and the concrete of match ratio song
Line.In the construction process, by being embedded to maturity tester in the concrete of entity component, the maturity of concrete is tested
Value relies on indicatrix, the chloride diffusion coefficient of the concrete corresponding to the anti-ripe angle value for releasing on-the-spot test, by this chlorine
Ionic diffusion coefficient and the requirement of specification or design (general norm or design provide the index request that value is 28 days or 56 days) phase
Compare, can show whether the chloride diffusion coefficient of the concrete under field condition at this time reaches the requirement of specification or design.
The degree of hydration of early concrete material influences concrete microporous structure and the ingredient of free ion determines chlorine
Ionic diffusion coefficient.For same concrete material, ripe angle value has significant correlation with chloride diffusion coefficient.It adopts
Reinforced concrete member destructive testing method is compared with tradition, the present invention to concrete sample by measuring chlorion
Diffusion coefficient fit curve equation calculates ripe angle value substitution tradition and diffusion system is surveyed to reinforced concrete member destructive testing
Numerical value judges whether reinforced concrete member has the ability for resisting chloride permeability enough, is pushed away so as to fulfill lossless early age
The purpose of disconnected concrete component durability.
Same concrete material is measured respectively in two kinds of natural curing (outdoor) and standard curing (interior)
Its maturity and chlorine ion binding capacity system.Be respectively compared in the case of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days different larval instars outdoor into
It is ripe to spend test value and to correspond to the maturometer that the outdoor chloride diffusion coefficient test value of age substitutes into indoor curve and acquires
Calculation value compares outdoor measured value and calculated value, it is seen that otherness is not more than 15%, theoretical after especially testing age more than 7 days
The otherness of calculated value and measured value is less than 15%, and there is preferable accuracy to refer to table 1.Result of the test shows concrete material
The maturity of itself and chloride diffusion coefficient have a good correlation, and the relation curve of maturity and chloride diffusion coefficient exists
The relation curve is to determine in the case that concrete mix is certain, and with the difference relationship of curing condition (temperature, humidity)
Less, that is to say, that as long as the raw material and match ratio of concrete are determined, can both determine maturity and chlorine ion binding capacity system
Several relation curves is natural curing or standard curing without considering.A series of coagulation to different larval instars can be passed through
Native test specimen carries out experiment fitting " maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient " relation curve for inferring reinforced concrete member sheet
Chloride diffusion coefficient value under the identical maturity of body.
The maturity measured value of the live field curing test specimen of table 1 is with pressing maturity and diffusion coefficient relational expression calculated value difference
The presumption method of the present invention, it is determined that corresponding testing procedure, it can be not destroy concrete component complete in itself
Its Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete is calculated under the premise of property, whether meet the index request of specification or design, be mesh if evaluating it
Preceding a kind of unique method of lossless presumption endurance performance of concrete.
The present invention has the following advantages：(1) this method is based on maturity and the relevant theory of concrete material degree of hydration,
Clear principle, and proved through multinomial research, for same concrete material, ripe angle value has aobvious with chloride diffusion coefficient
The correlation of work has good theoretical foundation；(2) device therefor, experimental condition are substantially no different with conventional method；(3) it is ripe
Angle value is not by the environment and the differentia influence of the maintenance process of use etc. residing for the practical concrete component of engineering；(4) maturity
Tester is embedded in inside concrete component entity, the virtual condition of energy accurate response concrete members, and acquired data are accurate
Really, reliably, continuously；(5) compared to the method for indoor test after traditional core boring sampling, method of the invention is time saving, laborsaving, can
Accurately to estimate reinforced concrete member chloride diffusion coefficient, and whole process is not damaged to concrete component.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the relational graph of curing age and ripe angle value under the conditions of natural curing and standard curing (based on a certain engineering
Example)；
Fig. 2 is the maturity that the present invention measures and the relational graph of chloride diffusion coefficient (based on a certain case history).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is the formulation of system for illustrating a kind of lossless measurement and estimating endurance performance of concrete.
The lossless measurement of the present invention and a plurality of maturity of system set for estimating endurance performance of concrete --- chlorine from
Sub- diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve, every maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve are to determine to mix based on certain
Solidifying soil raw material and the armored concrete of match ratio are drawn.
Every maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve is obtained by following steps：
According to determining concrete raw material and concrete mix forming 1# concrete RCM test test specimen, by 3 days, 7
My god, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days 6 ages, each age makes 3 test test specimens, makes 18 concrete RCM altogether and survey
It has a try part；
It is embedded to maturemeter respectively in 3 test test specimens with batch forming, with the concrete of detection test test specimen
Maturity；
Test specimen is tested using standard curing, it is read respectively when age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days
Ripe angle value；The relationship of curing age and ripe angle value is as shown in Figure 1 under the conditions of natural curing and standard curing.Test is substantially former
It manages as maturity and the relevant theory of concrete material degree of hydration.Under identical maturity, same concrete material aquation
Degree is identical, and degree of hydration is the single factor for influencing concrete microporous structure and ion component, directly determines coagulation
The ability of soil material chloride-penetration resistance.Concrete sample uses traditional standard curing method.Maturity test is using the U.S.
The IntelliRock maturemeters of Nomadics structural experiments room research and development curing age be respectively 3 days, 7 days, 14 days,
It is directly measured at 21 days, 28 days and 56 days.
National standard is pressed to the test test specimen that curing age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days respectively《Commonly
Concrete chronicity and durability test method standard》The regulation of " chloride-penetration resistance experiment " in (GB/T 50082-2009)
It is tested, tests its chloride diffusion coefficient.Every group should using the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of the chloride ion transport coefficient of 3 samples as
The chloride diffusion coefficient measured value of this group of test specimen；When the maximum or difference of minimum value and median is more than the 15% of median,
This value should be rejected, then takes the average value of remaining two value as measured value；When maximum and minimum value is more than the 15% of median,
Median should be taken as measured value；Such as chloride diffusion coefficient of the following table 2 for concrete sample under different curing conditions.
The chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete sample under the different curing conditions of table 2
The ripe angle value of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, the 28 days and 56 day ages according to measured by above step and chlorine from
Sub- diffusion coefficient value is fitted maturity --- the chlorine that the test test specimen corresponds to its concrete raw material and concrete mix used
Ionic diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve, as shown in Figure 2.
According to the practical preparation situation of common concrete, change concrete raw material and concrete mix forming 2#,
3#,,, the RCM test test specimens of concrete repeat more than Drawing of Curve step, obtain the maturation corresponding to different concrete
Degree --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve.
By above-mentioned maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation collection of curves together, so as to form lossless base
In the system that maturity measures and estimates endurance performance of concrete.
Embodiment two
This example is to be measured and estimated the specific example of endurance performance of concrete based on maturity.
The lossless measurement of the present invention and the method for estimating endurance performance of concrete, including following steps：
Maturity tester is embedded in work progress in the concrete of entity component, tests the ripe angle value of concrete；
From the lossless measurement implemented described in one and estimate and find out and mixed with this example in the system of endurance performance of concrete
Maturity --- the chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve of the roughly the same concrete of solidifying soil material composition and ratio；
Rely on features described above relation curve, according to the maturity that on-the-spot test obtains be worth to the chlorine of corresponding concrete from
This chloride diffusion coefficient is compared to judge under field condition at this time by sub- diffusion coefficient with the requirement of specification or design
The chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete whether reach the requirement of specification or design, so as to estimate endurance performance of concrete.
Specific example
Sample：Existing prefabricated immersed tube concrete mix (the gel material content 420kg/m of port Zhuhai and Macao bridge3, cement,
Flyash, ground granulated blast furnace slag account for respectively cementitious material 45%, 25%, 30%) be basic match ratio, match ratio is as follows
Shown in table 3.
Table 3 tests concrete benchmark match ratio (unit：kg/m3)
Relational graph such as Fig. 1 institutes of above-mentioned concrete curing age and ripe angle value under the conditions of natural curing and standard curing
Show, and its maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve is as shown in Figure 2.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete is reduced with the increase of concrete riper, in the examination of this research
It tests between age inner concrete maturity and Chloride Diffusion Coefficient in Concrete in Approximate power function relationship, formula can be expressed as
(formula 3), the two correlation have reached 0.97.
Y=101777X-1.032(formula 3)
By surveying concrete riper, then corresponding maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve can obtain
Corresponding concrete chloride diffusion coefficient, this chloride diffusion coefficient is compared with the requirement of specification or design thus
Judge whether the chloride diffusion coefficient of the concrete under field condition at this time reaches the requirement of specification or design, so as to estimate
Endurance performance of concrete.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lossless measurement and the method for estimating endurance performance of concrete, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) determine that the armored concrete of concrete raw material and match ratio draws out a determining maturity based on certain --- chlorine
Ionic diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve；
(2) maturity tester is embedded in work progress in the concrete of entity component, tests the ripe angle value of concrete, institute
The concrete for stating entity component has roughly the same concrete raw material and match ratio with the armored concrete in step (1)；
(3) according to the ripe angle value measured in step (2), maturity --- the chloride diffusion coefficient feature of step (1) is relied on
The chloride diffusion coefficient of corresponding concrete during the ripe angle value of relation curve, the anti-different times of release on-the-spot test, will
This chloride diffusion coefficient is compared with the requirement of specification or design so as to judge the chlorine of the concrete under field condition at this time
Whether ionic diffusion coefficient reaches the requirement of specification or design, so as to estimate endurance performance of concrete.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that maturity --- chlorine ion binding capacity system in the step (1)
Number characteristic relation curve is obtained by following steps：
(1.1) after concrete raw material and concrete mix is determined, forming concrete RCM test test specimen, by 3 days, 7 days,
14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days 6 ages, each age make several test test specimens；
(1.2) it is embedded to maturemeter respectively in several test test specimens with batch forming, with the mixed of detection test test specimen
Solidifying soil maturity；
(1.3) test test specimen is read respectively using standard curing when age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days
Its ripe angle value, each age, which is averaged, to be recorded；
(1.4) its chlorion is tested to the test test specimen that curing age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days respectively to expand
Coefficient is dissipated, each age takes effective average value to record；
(1.5) 3 days according to measured by step 1.3,7 days, 14 days, 21 days, the ripe angle value and step of 28 days and 56 day age
Chloride diffusion coefficient value measured by 1.4 is fitted the test test specimen and corresponds to its concrete raw material and concrete mix used
Maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that：Each age at least makes 3 tests in the step 1.1
Test specimen, the effective average value in the step 1.4 refer to the calculation of the chloride diffusion coefficient of each age group test test specimen
Chloride diffusion coefficient measured value of the art average value as group test test specimen；When the maximum or difference of minimum value and median is more than
Median 15% when, this value should be rejected, then take the average value of remaining two value as measured value；When maximum and minimum value is more than
Median 15% when, median should be taken as measured value.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that：The step 1.4 is by standard GB/T/T 50082-
2009《Normal concrete chronicity and durability test method standard》In regulation carry out testing its chloride diffusion coefficient.
5. a kind of lossless measurement and the system for estimating endurance performance of concrete, it is characterised in that：The system set is a plurality of
Maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve, every maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve
It is to determine that the armored concrete of concrete raw material and match ratio is drawn based on certain.
6. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Every maturity --- chloride diffusion coefficient characteristic relation
Curve is obtained by following steps：
According to determining concrete raw material and concrete mix forming concrete RCM test test specimen, by 3 days, 7 days, 14 days,
21 days, 28 days and 56 days 6 ages, each age make several test test specimens；
With batch forming several test test specimens in be embedded to maturemeter respectively, with detection test test specimen concrete into
Ripe degree；
Test specimen is tested using standard curing, reads its maturation respectively when age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days
Angle value；
Its chlorine ion binding capacity system is tested to the test test specimen that curing age is 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 56 days respectively
Number, takes effective average value；
The ripe angle value and chlorion of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, the 28 days and 56 day ages according to measured by above step expands
Scattered coefficient value is fitted maturity --- the chlorion that the test test specimen corresponds to its concrete raw material and concrete mix used
Diffusion coefficient characteristic relation curve.
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| CN106802318A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-06 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of assay method of hydrated cement paste chlorion fixed amount |
| CN107843539A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-27 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of ion penetration resistance of concrete measuring method |
| CN110568167B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2022-08-30 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Nondestructive testing method for prejudging long-term durability of concrete in natural environment |
| CN111754038B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2024-04-05 | 中交四航工程研究院有限公司 | Method for predicting concrete entity member transportation and installation time |
| CN111599419B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-02 | 上海建工一建集团有限公司 | Method for rapidly predicting actual strength of single-doped fly ash lightweight aggregate concrete |
| CN113237778A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-08-10 | 中国三峡建设管理有限公司 | Concrete interlayer combination quality control method |
| CN114065517B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-03-10 | 深圳大学 | Method and system for nondestructively predicting concrete durability by adopting novel model |
| CN114354414A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 中国水利水电第七工程局有限公司 | Construction site concrete hardening monitoring method |
| CN115096759B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-04-21 | 中交四航工程研究院有限公司 | Concrete chloride ion diffusion coefficient model and application thereof |
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