CN104864067B - The face gear and its implementation of a kind of hierarchy - Google Patents
The face gear and its implementation of a kind of hierarchy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104864067B CN104864067B CN201510255704.8A CN201510255704A CN104864067B CN 104864067 B CN104864067 B CN 104864067B CN 201510255704 A CN201510255704 A CN 201510255704A CN 104864067 B CN104864067 B CN 104864067B
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- tooth
- gear teeth
- gear
- cladding layer
- flank
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
Abstract
The present invention relates to the face gear and its implementation of a kind of hierarchy.The face gear of hierarchy includes face gear tooth matrix (1) and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2), by selecting different materials, the gear teeth is formed the incremental gradient distribution of hardness by inner and table.The gear teeth matrix (1) of different materials and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) are combined as a whole by laser cladding processing method.Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) can be individual layer, or multilayer.When for multilayer when, can be by successively increasing hard phase content in cladding material, or by changing laser cladding technological parameter, realize the incremental distribution characteristics of Teeth Hardness.The anti-bonding wear resistance of present invention enhancing gear, extend the life-span of gear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the face gear and its implementation of a kind of hierarchy, belong to aviation drive technology and heavy-duty vehicle
Drive technology field.
Background technology
Aeronautical Gears transmission system has the characteristics that load is big, speed is high, working condition is severe and required precision is high.It is this
The working condition of high-speed overload makes gear turn into one of link most weak in transmission system, and causes what transmission system failed
One of the main reasons.With the progress of the demand and science and technology of national defence ability, the requirement more and more higher to aviation transmission system, not only
It is required that small volume, light weight, noise are low, reliability height, service life length are more required.Face gear is a kind of new driving section
Part, it is mainly used to transmit the motion between concurrent aces and alternating axis and power, has that bifurcated characteristic is good, bearing capacity is high and structure
The advantages of compact, it is one of important subject of aviation transmission and heavy-duty vehicle drive technology.
Under high-speed overload working condition, the main failure forms of face gear are worn for tooth face agglutination.Prevent adhesion wear
Measure except improve gear lubrication condition, optimization gear structure design parameter and reduce surface roughness in addition to, improve gear
The hardness of surfacing, enhancing anti-wear performance is also effective method.The conventional method of raising gear surface hardness, which has, quenches
Fire, carburizing, nitriding and carbo-nitriding etc..It is raw material frequently with low-carbon or middle low-carbon alloy structural steel for high-speed overload gear,
Gear surface hardness is improved by carburizing or nitriding.But the temperature that general carburizing and nitriding gear use is less than 100 DEG C, and at a high speed
Heavy-duty gear flank of tooth temperature usually reaches 200~300 DEG C, even more high, considerably beyond carburizing or the temperature of nitriding gear,
Gear surface layer hardness substantially reduces at high temperature.Therefore, the flank of tooth of high-speed overload face gear needs to have under the high temperature conditions
Preferable hardness retentivity and wearability.
According to the bearing behavior of face gear, it is desirable to which gear center portion has preferable toughness, and the flank of tooth has wear-resistant, high temperature resistant
Characteristic.A kind of material is provided simultaneously with above-mentioned various Property comparison difficulties, and will also result in carrying for unnecessary material cost
It is high.If meet good core toughness and the good requirement of flank of tooth high temperature abrasion resistance, shape respectively from two or more material
Into certain material gradient, gear teeth face is strengthened, then new think of can be provided for the antiscuffing capacity of raising face gear
Road.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the defects of overcoming above-mentioned prior art, there is provided keeps high under a kind of high-speed overload working condition
The face gear hierarchy and its implementation of hardness and excellent abrasive resistance, to strengthen the anti-bonding wear resistance of gear, extend
The life-span of gear.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of face gear of hierarchy, including face gear
Gear teeth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, it is characterised in that：Face gear tooth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer use different materials
Material, the gear teeth is formed the incremental gradient of hardness by inner and table and be distributed；Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer can be individual layer, or multilayer,
When gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is sandwich construction, second layer cladding layer hardness is higher than first layer hardness, and the rest may be inferred, and n-th layer melts
Coating hardness is higher than (n-1)th layer.
Wherein, the gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer of sandwich construction can by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone, the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first and
The cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second is formed；Gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone uses ni-based self-fluxing alloy material, and its hardness is between face gear
Between gear teeth matrix and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first；The cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second are using gold
Belong to ceramic composite, and the hard Phase Proportion contained in the gear teeth flank of tooth the second cladding layer material is higher than the cladding of the gear teeth flank of tooth first
Layer, form hardness and be incremented by, or by changing working process parameter, the hardness of the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second is higher than gear teeth tooth
The cladding layer of face first.
Wherein, gear tooth matrix in face uses carbon steel or steel alloy, is process using gear shaping, mill teeth or hobbing method,
And reserve allowance for the thickness of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of implementation method of hierarchy face gear, it is characterised in that：Using laser melting coating plus
Work method realizes the connection of face gear tooth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer；Laser melting coating system by laser, laser head, give
Powder device, powder separator, digital control system and Motor execution part composition；Laser beam caused by laser is exported simultaneously by laser head
Act on tooth surface of face gear and form molten bath, by cladding material powder after powder separator separates, formation is uniformly distributed powder feeder
Powder wander laser beam effect molten bath in, by quickly heating and rapidly cooling to form gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer；According to
Tooth surface of face gear geometric properties, laser head deflection certain angle, laser beam carry out laser along face gear tooth width and the high direction of tooth
Side flank of tooth cladding is completed in scanning, and face gear rotates specified angle along own axes, carries out next flank cladding, until complete
Into the cladding of institute's geared surface, the cladding of next layer of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is then carried out again, until all gear teeth teeth are completed in cladding
Face cladding layer；The scanning track motion of laser beam controls Motor execution part to realize by digital control system.
The principle of the present invention is：
The face gear hierarchy of the present invention includes face gear tooth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, and the gear teeth are by inner and table
Material gradient and hardness is formed to become the distribution characteristics of increasing.The connection of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer and face gear tooth matrix uses laser
Cladding method forms good bond strength.Mainly take following technical scheme：
1. face gear tooth matrix is the main body of face gear, using gear common metal material carbon steel or steel alloy etc., carry
The toughness of high gear body, it is fabricated using conventional gear processing method, such as the methods of gear shaping, mill teeth, gear hobbing.
2. gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is single or multiple lift, selected material hardness is higher than face gear tooth matrix.When molten
When coating is multilayer, second layer cladding layer hardness is higher than first layer hardness, and the rest may be inferred, and n-th layer cladding layer hardness is higher than (n-1)th
Layer.
3. the gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer of sandwich construction can be by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone, the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first and the gear teeth
The cladding layer of the flank of tooth second is formed.Gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone is between gear teeth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, gear teeth flank of tooth mistake
Ni-based self-fluxing alloy material can be used by crossing layer, equal by laser cladding processing method and gear teeth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer
Good metallurgical binding is formed, and makes Teeth Hardness from gear teeth matrix to gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer in gradual increased reasonable layout
Trend.The cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second can use ceramic-metal composite, the gear teeth flank of tooth
The hard Phase Proportion contained in two cladding layer materials is higher than the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first, is incremented by with forming hardness, or pass through
Change working process parameter, the hardness of the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second is higher than the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first.
4. according to above-mentioned face gear tooth hierarchy technical scheme, following method is taken to realize gear teeth hierarchy structure
Into：
1) according to face gear meshing characteristic and functional requirement, the thickness of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is designed, and is selected suitably
Material, the material gradient for meeting functional characteristic is formed from face gear tooth matrix to gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer.
2) according to the gross thickness of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer and the requirement of face gear Bite size, machine-shaping face gear tooth base
Body, and reserve allowance for the thickness of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer.
3) some sampled points are chosen in face gear tooth matrix surface and carries out three-dimensional coordinate point test, and record test number
According to the normal direction of calculating analysis test point.Or replaced using the theoretical coordinate value of face gear tooth matrix surface sampled point
Test value.
4) connection of face gear tooth matrix and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is realized using laser cladding processing method.Laser melts
System is covered to be made up of laser, laser head, powder feeder, powder separator, digital control system and Motor execution part.Laser produces
Laser beam exported by laser head and act on tooth surface of face gear and form molten bath, powder feeder is by cladding material powder through powder point
After being separated from device, form equally distributed powder and wander in the molten bath of laser beam effect, by quick heating and quick cooling
Form gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer.According to tooth surface of face gear geometric properties, laser head deflection certain angle, laser beam is along face gear teeth
Laser scanning is carried out on the wide and high direction of tooth and completes a lateral tooth flank cladding, face gear rotates specified angle along own axes, carries out
Next flank cladding, until completing the cladding of institute's geared surface, the cladding of next layer of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is then carried out again,
Until all gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layers are completed in cladding.The scanning track motion of laser beam is three-dimensional by the sampled point of gear teeth matrix surface
Coordinate value determines, and controls Motor execution part to realize by digital control system.
5) in face gear tooth matrix surface cladding gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, laser cladding technological parameter is by plan cladding
Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer thickness determines, and ensures that gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer forms good interface cohesion with face gear tooth matrix
Intensity.When gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is multilayer, by changing the hard phase component ratio of cladding layer material, or change laser
Melting and coating process parameter realizes that hardness successively increases.
The present invention has following features：First, face gear tooth hierarchy of the invention is advantageously implemented the height of gear
Performance transmission requires, and can expand the application field of face gear.Second, the face gear material of hierarchy has functionally gradient special
Property, meet gear center toughness height and the good requirement of tooth face hardness high-wearing feature, and the conventional gears of homogenous material are then difficult to reality
This existing feature request.3rd, by selecting the material of suitable gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, face gear can be made in high temperature work
Higher hardness and wearability are remained in that under the conditions of work, is advantageous to improve the antiscuffing capacity of high-speed overload face gear；It is and single
The conventional gears of one material, Surface hardened layer, under the conditions of high temperature, hardness meeting are carried out even across heat treatments such as nitriding or carburizings
It is greatly lowered.4th, selected by material and optimize laser cladding technological parameter, it is hard by inner and table to realize face gear tooth
Spend the reasonable layout feature successively improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is quadrature bias face gear hierarchy schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is face gear tooth sandwich construction schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that laser melting coating system forms schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is laser melting coating quadrature bias face gear schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is scanning pattern schematic diagram of the laser melting coating face gear from tooth top to tooth root；
Fig. 6 is scanning pattern schematic diagram of the laser melting coating face gear from tooth root to tooth top；
Fig. 7 is scanning pattern schematic diagram of the laser melting coating face gear from gear teeth outside to inner side；
Fig. 8 is scanning pattern schematic diagram of the laser melting coating face gear from gear teeth inner side to outside；
Fig. 9 is laser head and gear position relation schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is laser head and gear position relation schematic diagram when changing defocusing amount；
Figure 11 is to deflect the schematic diagram that laser head carries out laser melting coating to the gear teeth flank of tooth；
Figure 12 is to deflect the schematic diagram that laser head carries out laser melting coating to gear teeth tooth root.
In above-mentioned Fig. 1~Figure 12：1 it is gear tooth matrix, 2 be gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer, 3 is gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone, 4
For the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first, 5 be the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second, 6 be laser, 7 be powder feeder, 8 be powder separator,
9 be workbench, 10 be digital control system, 11 for treat the workpiece of cladding, 12 be Motor execution system, 13 be laser head, 14 be laser
Beam, 15 be powder stream, 16 be laser scanning track；Aij (i=1,2 ..., m；J=1,2 ..., n) laser scanning rail on the flank of tooth
Mark point；θpLaser head axis and powder stream angle；θLSection where gear teeth left flank tracing point and root face angle；θRThe gear teeth
Section where right flank tracing point and root face angle；H1、H2Defocusing amount；ΔθLfLaser head deflection angle during the cladding flank of tooth；
ΔθLrLaser head deflection angle during cladding tooth root；θprPowder stream and root face angle；H takes turns tooth height；B bottom land width.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The embodiment of the present invention is that the hierarchy of quadrature bias face gear is realized using laser melting coating process technology.
Fig. 1 is quadrature bias face gear hierarchy schematic diagram.Face gear tooth matrix 1 is on the gear production miller of face
It is process.Designed according to the thickness of the requirement of face gear drive Bite size and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer 2, opposite gear tooth base
When body 1 carries out Milling Process, certain thickness has been reserved for gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer 2.Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer 2 can be individual layer or
Sandwich construction, when for single layer structure when, should ensure that cladding layer material with gear teeth matrix material there is good physical property to match, so as to
Make both that there is preferable interface bond strength.The present embodiment uses multilayer cladding Rotating fields, as shown in Fig. 2 the gear teeth flank of tooth melts
Coating 2 is made up of gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone 3, the first cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 4 and the second cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 5.From face gear
Gear teeth matrix 1 forms hardness gradually increased distribution characteristics to the second cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 5, to meet gear center toughness height
The good requirement of surface hardness high-wearing feature.Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer and gear teeth matrix select different materials, the connection between each layer
Realized by laser melting and coating technique.Face gear tooth matrix 1 selects high-speed overload gear common used material steel alloy, the gear teeth flank of tooth
First cladding layer 4 and the second cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 5, which are selected under high temperature, can keep the metal of high rigidity and excellent abrasive resistance to make pottery
Porcelain composite NiCr-Cr3C2, Ni-WC etc. also can be selected.Because cermet composite coating hardness is higher, usually gear base
It is more than the three times of body, of the invention in order to avoid hardness is mutated to gear mechanical property and the adverse effect of interface bond strength
Hierarchy face gear is provided with gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone 3, and gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone 3 selects ni-based self-fluxing alloy material
Ni45, its cladding layer hardness is between gear teeth matrix and metal-cermic coating, with gear teeth matrix and the equal energy of metal-cermic coating
Form good metallurgical binding.In order that the hardness of the second cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 5 is higher than the first cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 4, can
Hard phase Cr in the second cladding layer of the appropriate increase gear teeth flank of tooth 53C2Content, or according to laser cladding technological parameter to hardness
Affecting laws, optimize laser cladding technological parameter, gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer hardness is successively increased.
Fig. 3 show laser melting coating system and forms schematic diagram.Laser 6 produces laser beam 14 to laser head 13, and radiates
On cladding workpiece 11 is treated, molten bath is formed.Powder feeder 7 inputs after exporting powder by the four bursts of powder streams of formation of powder separator 8
Into the jet pipe being arranged on laser head 13, molten bath is fallen into after being sprayed by jet pipe, and quickly heating is melted by laser beam 14, through fast
Fast cooled and solidified forms cladding layer.Motor execution system 12 is the carrier of laser head 13, can be with the control of digital control system 10
Make laser head by the motion of predetermined scanning track.It is placed on by cladding workpiece 11 on workbench 9, can be translated and rotate fortune
It is dynamic.
Fig. 4 show the schematic diagram of laser melting coating hierarchy quadrature bias face gear.It is laser with difference shown in Fig. 3
First 13 have deflection angle Δ θ in vertical planeLf, because the flank of tooth of face gear is complex-curved and had with horizontal plane certain
Angle, in order to make as far as possible laser beam 14 with by cladding flank of tooth state close to the vertical shape, according to tooth surface of face gear geometric properties, it is necessary to right
Laser head 13 carries out angular deflection.Laser beam 14 carries out laser scanning along face gear tooth width and the high direction of tooth and completes a lateral tooth flank
Cladding, face gear rotate the position of one or more teeth along own axes, carry out next flank cladding, until completing all
The cladding of the flank of tooth, the cladding of next layer of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is then carried out again, until all gear teeth flank of tooth claddings are completed in cladding
Layer.The angular deflection of laser head 13 and the scanning pattern track of laser beam 14 control Motor execution part 12 by digital control system 10
To realize.
, it is necessary to carry out the selection of laser beam scan path during laser melting coating tooth surface of face gear.Fig. 5 to Fig. 8 show laser and melted
Cover the different scanning path that the gear teeth flank of tooth can select.Fig. 5 is scanning pattern from tooth top to tooth root, the scanning of single track cladding layer
Velocity attitude is along facewidth direction.Fig. 6 is scanning pattern from tooth root to tooth top, the sweep speed direction of single track cladding layer
It is along facewidth direction.Fig. 7 is shown from gear teeth outside to the scanning pattern on the inside of the gear teeth, the sweep speed side of single track cladding layer
To for along the high direction of tooth.Fig. 8 is shown from gear teeth inner side to the scanning pattern on the outside of the gear teeth, the sweep speed of single track cladding layer
Direction is also along the high direction of tooth.The present invention is used two-way using the scanning pattern scheme from tooth root to tooth top shown in Fig. 6
Scan mode.Aij in Fig. 6 (i=1,2 ..., m；J=1,2 ..., n) for tooth surface laser scan track 16 discrete point, these rails
The coordinate value of mark discrete point can be tested to obtain by three-dimensional coordinate scanner in advance, be then input to laser melting coating numerical control
In program.The starting point of laser scanning track 16 is A11, terminal Am1Or Amn.Datum line A is selected during laser scanning11A1nFor to light
Datum line, to ensure that the precision for scanning track meets to require.A lateral tooth flank of all gear teeth of cladding first, then cladding opposite side tooth
Face, then cladding tooth top and tooth root, realize the full flank of tooth cladding of all gear teeth, until by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone 3, the gear teeth flank of tooth
Untill first cladding layer 4 and the second cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth 5 are fully completed cladding.
In laser cladding process, gear teeth structure easily causes to interfere to powder stream 15, cannot be introduced into amount of powder sharp
In the molten bath that light beam 14 acts on, as shown in Figure 9., can be by laser head to avoid or mitigating interference of the gear teeth structure to powder stream 15
13 move along its axis direction Z-direction, change defocusing amount, as shown in Figure 10, when defocusing amount is by H1It is changed into H2When, reduce the flank of tooth
Interference to powder stream 15, powder stream 15 is set to fully enter in the sphere of action of laser beam 14.To make laser beam 14 vertical as far as possible
In by the flank of tooth of cladding, and interference of the gear teeth structure to powder stream 15 is reduced, it is necessary to deflect certain angle Δ θ to laser head 13Lf,
As shown in figure 11.But because tooth surface of face gear shape is extremely complex, the normal direction of every bit is all different on the flank of tooth,
All cladding points are made all to meet perfect condition it is difficult to find a suitable deflection angle.Moreover, when cladding tooth root, laser
First 13 in vertical plane, or the less angle of deflection, can at utmost avoid interference with.But if need deflection angle compared with
Greatly, powder stream 15 will be by adjacent wheels interference of tooth.As shown in figure 12, when the left flank of tooth of cladding gear is to root position, such as
The deflection angle of fruit laser head 13 is excessive, then the tooth top of the right flank of tooth of adjacent teeth can block powder stream 15.Therefore, laser head 13
Deflection angle can not be too big.According to the geometry feature of quadrature bias face gear, the deflection angle of laser head 13 is estimated
Calculate.Assuming that it is left flank by the flank of tooth of cladding, the deflection angle of laser head is Δ θLrWhen, cladding to the He of laser beam during tooth root 14
Powder stream 15 is not all just by the deflection angle Δ θ of the interference of tooth, then laser headLrCan be by geometric parameter θp、θL、θR、θpr, b and h
Etc. being calculated.Similarly, it can obtain laser head deflection angle during cladding right flank.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of implementation method of the face gear of hierarchy, the face gear includes face gear tooth matrix (1) and the gear teeth flank of tooth
Cladding layer (2), it is characterised in that：Face gear tooth matrix (1) and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) use different materials, make the gear teeth
The incremental gradient of hardness is formed by inner and table to be distributed；Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) is multilayer, when gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) is
During sandwich construction, second layer cladding layer hardness is higher than first layer hardness, and the rest may be inferred, and n-th layer cladding layer hardness is higher than (n-1)th
Layer；
The gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) of sandwich construction can by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone (3), the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4) and
The cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second (5) is formed；Gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone (3) uses ni-based self-fluxing alloy material, its hardness between
Between face gear tooth matrix (1) and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4)；The cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4) and the gear teeth flank of tooth
Second cladding layer (5) uses ceramic-metal composite, and the hard phase ratio contained in the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second (5) material
Example is higher than the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4), forms hardness and is incremented by, or by changing working process parameter, makes the gear teeth flank of tooth
The hardness of second cladding layer (5) is higher than the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4)；
Face gear tooth matrix (1) uses carbon steel or steel alloy, is process using gear shaping, mill teeth or hobbing method, and is wheel
The thickness of tooth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) reserves allowance；
This method realizes the connection of face gear tooth matrix (1) and gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) using laser cladding processing method；
Laser melting coating system is by laser (6), laser head (13), powder feeder (7), powder separator (8), digital control system (10) and motion
Execution unit (12) forms；Laser beam (14) caused by laser (6) is exported by laser head (13) and acts on face gear teeth
Face forms molten bath, and cladding material powder after powder separator (8) separation, is formed equally distributed powder stream by powder feeder (7)
(15) fall in the molten bath of laser beam (14) effect, by quickly heating and rapidly cooling to form gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2)；Root
According to tooth surface of face gear geometric properties, laser head (13) deflection certain angle, laser beam (14) is along face gear tooth width and the high direction of tooth
A lateral tooth flank cladding is completed in upper progress laser scanning, and face gear rotates specified angle along own axes, carries out next flank
Cladding, until completing the cladding of institute's geared surface, the cladding of next layer of gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer is then carried out again, until cladding is completed
All gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layers；The scanning track motion of laser beam (14) controls Motor execution part (12) by digital control system (10)
Realize；
Gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer (2) is by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone (3), the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4) and the gear teeth flank of tooth second
Cladding layer (5) is formed, and gradually increased point of hardness is formed from face gear tooth matrix (1) to the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second (5)
Cloth feature, to meet the good requirement of the high surface hardness high-wearing feature of gear center toughness, gear teeth flank of tooth cladding layer and gear teeth matrix
From different materials, laser melting and coating technique is connected through to realize between each layer, and face gear tooth matrix (1) is from weight at a high speed
Gear common used material steel alloy is carried, the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth first (4) and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second (5) are selected under high temperature
The ceramic-metal composite NiCr-Cr of high rigidity and excellent abrasive resistance can be kept3C2Or from Ni-WC；
Laser (6) produces laser beam (14) to laser head (13) in laser melting coating system, and radiates and treating cladding workpiece (11)
On, formed molten bath, powder feeder (7) output powder after by powder separator (8) formed four bursts of powder streams be input to be arranged on it is sharp
In jet pipe on bare headed (13), molten bath is fallen into after being sprayed by jet pipe, and quickly heating is melted by laser beam (14), through quick cooling
Solidification forms cladding layer, and Motor execution system (12) is the carrier of laser head (13), can be with the control of digital control system (10)
Laser head is set to be placed on by cladding workpiece (11) on workbench (9) by the motion of predetermined scanning track, can be translated and be rotated
Motion；
During laser melting coating hierarchy quadrature bias face gear, laser head (13) has deflection angle Δ θ in vertical planeLf；
During laser melting coating tooth surface of face gear, direction of the laser head along the facewidth, it is scanned along a scanning pattern, completes one
After the scanning of scanning pattern, laser head moves up in the high side of tooth, then carries out next scanning along the direction of the facewidth again
The scanning in path；Or laser head is scanned along the high direction of tooth, along a scanning pattern, a scanning pattern is completed
Scanning after, laser head moves up in the side of the facewidth, then carries out sweeping for next scanning pattern along the high direction of tooth again
Retouch；
Aij (i=1,2 ..., m；J=1,2 ..., n) for tooth surface laser the discrete point in track (16) is scanned, these tracks are discrete
The coordinate value of point can be tested to obtain by three-dimensional coordinate scanner in advance, be then input to laser melting coating numerical control program
In, the starting point of laser scanning track (16) is A11, terminal Am1Or Amn, datum line A is selected during laser scanning11A1nFor to light base
Directrix, to ensure that the precision for scanning track meets to require, a lateral tooth flank of all gear teeth of cladding, then cladding opposite side tooth first
Face, then cladding tooth top and tooth root, realize the full flank of tooth cladding of all gear teeth, until by gear teeth flank of tooth transition zone (3), gear teeth tooth
Untill the cladding layer of face first (4) and the cladding layer of the gear teeth flank of tooth second (5) are fully completed cladding.
Priority Applications (1)
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| US11845141B2 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2023-12-19 | The Boeing Company | Additive friction stir deposition method for manufacturing an article |
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| CN201448416U (en) * | 2009-08-02 | 2010-05-05 | 山东泰山建能机械集团有限公司 | Anti-abrasion laser strengthening gear piece |
| CN101748402B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2012-01-04 | 南昌航空大学 | Method of laser induction composite cladding gradient function thermal barrier coating |
| CN102140637A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | System for coating refractory metal material on base and laser cladding method |
| CN102021568B (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2011-11-23 | 山东能源机械集团大族再制造有限公司 | Method for laser hardening gear part |
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| EP3891418B1 (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2022-04-27 | Flender GmbH | Transmission element and method for producing same |
| US11845141B2 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2023-12-19 | The Boeing Company | Additive friction stir deposition method for manufacturing an article |
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