CN104864044A - 液力无级变速器 - Google Patents

液力无级变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104864044A
CN104864044A CN201510273127.5A CN201510273127A CN104864044A CN 104864044 A CN104864044 A CN 104864044A CN 201510273127 A CN201510273127 A CN 201510273127A CN 104864044 A CN104864044 A CN 104864044A
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gear
speed
torque converter
fixedly connected
epicyclic variable
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唐红雨
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/56—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears both central gears being sun gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/70—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion in which the central axis of the gearing lies inside the periphery of an orbital gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/721—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with an energy dissipating device, e.g. regulating brake or fluid throttle, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/722—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with an energy dissipating device, e.g. regulating brake or fluid throttle, in order to vary speed continuously with a fluid throttle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/14—Control of torque converter lock-up clutches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

液力无级变速器涉及无级变速装置，具体涉及一种适用于各种行走装置及运输装备等与驱动装置连接的液力无级变速器。前级行星变速装置（4）的齿圈（6）或行星轮架（8）设有用于对其制动的锁止装置（7），前级行星变速装置（4）的行星轮架（8）或齿圈（6）与所述液力变矩器（1）的泵轮（9）固定连接，所述输入轴（2）与前级行星变速装置（4）的太阳轮（10）固定连接，且输入轴（2）的一端穿过液力变矩器（1）与后级行星变速装置（5）的太阳轮（10）固定连接，液力变矩器（1）的涡轮（11）与后级行星变速装置（5）的齿圈（6）固定连接。它具有结构简单、制造容易、控制系统得以简化且仅需一锁止装置即可实现控制的优点。

Description

液力无级变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及无级变速装置，具体涉及一种适用于各种行走装置及运输装备等与驱动装置连接的液力无级变速器。
背景技术
现有变速器主要有手动变速（MT ）、自动档（ AT ）、无级变速器 （ CVT  ）等。手动变速器在城市驾驶需经常变换档位，增加离合器磨损，长时间驾驶会产生疲劳感。自动档和双离合变速器技术成熟，但须液压和电控系统控制离合器或制动器，控制系统繁琐，容易出现故障，维修困难。现有无级变速器由于是带传动，对钢带的质量加工工艺要求非常高，车辆急加速或负荷大时钢带易出现打滑、过热等问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：针对上述问题，提供一种结构简单、制造容易、控制系统得以简化的液力无级变速器。
本发明的技术解决方案是：它包括液力变矩器、行星变速装置、输入轴和输出轴，所述行星变速装置包括分别设在所述液力变矩器两端并与其同轴的前级行星变速装置和后级行星变速装置，前级行星变速装置的齿圈或行星轮架设有用于对其制动的锁止装置，前级行星变速装置的行星轮架或齿圈与所述液力变矩器的泵轮固定连接，所述输入轴与前级行星变速装置的太阳轮固定连接，且输入轴的一端穿过液力变矩器与后级行星变速装置的太阳轮固定连接，液力变矩器的涡轮与后级行星变速装置的齿圈固定连接，所述输出轴与后级行星变速装置的行星轮架固定连接。
本发明的技术效果是：它具有结构简单、制造容易、控制系统得以简化且仅需一锁止装置即可实现控制的优点，可以大大降低产品造价、提高产品可靠性及易用性，产品维护也更简单方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，它包括液力变矩器1、行星变速装置、输入轴2和输出轴3，所述行星变速装置包括分别设在所述液力变矩器1两端并与其同轴的前级行星变速装置4和后级行星变速装置5，前级行星变速装置4的齿圈6或行星轮架8设有用于对其制动的锁止装置7，前级行星变速装置4的行星轮架8或齿圈6与所述液力变矩器1的泵轮9固定连接，所述输入轴2与前级行星变速装置4的太阳轮10固定连接，且输入轴2的一端穿过液力变矩器1与后级行星变速装置5的太阳轮10固定连接，液力变矩器1的涡轮11与后级行星变速装置5的齿圈6固定连接，所述输出轴3与后级行星变速装置5的行星轮架8固定连接。
所述液力变矩器1的涡轮11与后级行星变速装置5的齿圈6通过花键连接。
所述输入轴2连接有液压泵12。
前级行星变速装置4把输入轴2输入的动力降低转速并传递给液力变矩器1泵轮9，使泵轮9转速低于输入轴2。同时，输入轴2的动力也输入到后级行星变速装置5。输出轴3有阻力，动力经后级的太阳轮10传递给齿圈6，此时齿圈6的转速低于输入轴2的转速并且转向相反，此转速经后级齿圈6传递到液力变矩器1涡轮11，此时，泵轮9、涡轮11转向相反，转速低，就此增大了输出时的传动比和扭矩。
当输入轴2转速提高时，泵轮9、涡轮11转速也增高，此时泵轮9迫使涡轮11同向旋转，涡轮11迫使齿圈6与输入轴2同向转动，此时输入轴2带动后级行星变速装置5的太阳轮10旋转，由于后级的齿圈6被涡轮11带动趋于向原来相反的方向转动，所以输入轴2的动力经后级行星变速装置5传递到输出轴3输出动力。逐渐提高输入轴2转速，泵轮9驱动涡轮11逐渐提高转速，涡轮11驱动后级齿圈6向输入轴2相同方向转动。此过程由于动力是由输入轴2经后级行星变速装置5的太阳轮10与齿圈6同时输送到输出轴3，使输出轴3转速逐渐提高。因液力变矩器1有变速变扭作用，所以当输出轴3阻力大时，涡轮11转速会降低，增大扭矩，齿圈6的转速就降低。输出轴3阻力小时，涡轮11转速又会提高，齿圈6转速也相应提高，实现了变速变扭作用。
当泵轮9、涡轮11转速相同时，变矩器锁止离合器锁止。
本发明的变速比，可依发动机怠速转速、发动机扭矩及输出轴所需扭矩和减速器（差速器）的减速比，根据工况所需选配不同的行星齿轮的传动比而定。
本发明的变速范围，可根据所需选配两组行星齿轮的传动比实现。特殊需要也可选配双泵轮或双涡轮变矩器，或使导轮转速为可调控，也可调整变矩液压油的压力控制输出力矩。
本发明也可以在前组行星齿轮组前加一组行星齿轮，使输出到变矩器的动力变为两级输入。也可在输出轴处加一增速齿轮，使输出转速为两个转速，低速和高速档。
根据不同需要前级行星齿轮向变矩器的输出也可采用齿圈输出，行星齿轮架为锁止或空转。变矩器泵轮反转，后级行星齿轮齿圈为输出，行星齿轮架与变矩器涡轮相连，涡轮为正转。
变速原理：假设太阳轮为输入，行星齿轮架为输出，输出有阻力时齿圈就会空转，此时若在齿圈上加一阻力，输入轴的力就会传递给输出轴，作用在齿圈上的力的大小、方向决定输出轴的转速。可使输出轴转速在0到设定范围内输出转矩（变速器变速范围的设定，可根据输出所需扭矩、转速及发动机功率，设定行星齿轮的传动比），使发动机的工作处于最佳状况。

Claims (2)

1.液力无级变速器，包括液力变矩器（1）、行星变速装置、输入轴（2）和输出轴（3），其特征在于，所述行星变速装置包括分别设在所述液力变矩器（1）两端并与其同轴的前级行星变速装置（4）和后级行星变速装置（5），前级行星变速装置（4）的齿圈（6）或行星轮架（8）设有用于对其制动的锁止装置（7），前级行星变速装置（4）的行星轮架（8）或齿圈（6）与所述液力变矩器（1）的泵轮（9）固定连接，所述输入轴（2）与前级行星变速装置（4）的太阳轮（10）固定连接，且输入轴（2）的一端穿过液力变矩器（1）与后级行星变速装置（5）的太阳轮（10）固定连接，液力变矩器（1）的涡轮（11）与后级行星变速装置（5）的齿圈（6）固定连接，所述输出轴（3）与后级行星变速装置（5）的行星轮架（8）固定连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的液力无级变速器，其特征在于，所述液力变矩器（1）的涡轮（11）与后级行星变速装置（5）的齿圈（6）通过花键连接。
CN201510273127.5A 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 液力无级变速器 Pending CN104864044A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107504151A (zh) * 2017-10-12 2017-12-22 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种功率多分支液力行星调速装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4476970A (en) * 1980-10-31 1984-10-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Speed change control apparatus and method for automatic transmission
JPH03100339A (ja) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-25 Toyota Motor Corp 車輌用自動変速機の滑り制御方法
CN1359813A (zh) * 2000-12-20 2002-07-24 李定州 液力机械无级变速器
CN1693738A (zh) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-09 李国强 肺型高效无级变速器
CN101408244A (zh) * 2007-10-08 2009-04-15 刘海平 机械液力无级变速器和方法、及车辆机械液力无级变速器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4476970A (en) * 1980-10-31 1984-10-16 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Speed change control apparatus and method for automatic transmission
JPH03100339A (ja) * 1989-09-12 1991-04-25 Toyota Motor Corp 車輌用自動変速機の滑り制御方法
CN1359813A (zh) * 2000-12-20 2002-07-24 李定州 液力机械无级变速器
CN1693738A (zh) * 2004-05-08 2005-11-09 李国强 肺型高效无级变速器
CN101408244A (zh) * 2007-10-08 2009-04-15 刘海平 机械液力无级变速器和方法、及车辆机械液力无级变速器

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107504151A (zh) * 2017-10-12 2017-12-22 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种功率多分支液力行星调速装置
CN107504151B (zh) * 2017-10-12 2024-04-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种功率多分支液力行星调速装置

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