A kind of deep water constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil drilling drilling fluid, and in particular to one kind is suitable for deepwater drilling, can be bored in deep water
The constant current that rheological characteristic is stablized is kept to become oil base drilling fluid in well shaft temperature range.
Background technology
In ocean deepwater drilling operation, the geological conditions of deep-water subsea cryogenic high pressure environment and complexity, to ocean deepwater
Drilling liquid technology brings a series of technical barriers, including drilling fluid low temperature rheological behaviour control difficulty, the life of gas hydrates
Into caused blockage problem, bad ground borehole well instability problem etc..Oil base drilling fluid or synthetic base drilling fluid can provide excellent
Borehole wall stability and maximized rate of penetration, be Complex formation drilling first choice.But traditional oil base drilling fluid or conjunction
Rheological property into base drilling fluid is had a great influence by temperature and pressure.In the range of deepwater drilling temperature in wellbore (4~65 DEG C),
Conventional oil base drilling fluid or synthetic base drilling fluid rheological characteristic changes greatly, especially under the conditions of subsea cryogenic, the viscosity of drilling fluid
Increase severely with shear force, or even be gelled, cause equivalent circulating density to increase, since deep water stratum ' Safe Density Windows are narrow, equivalent
Circulating density is excessive to cause drilling fluid leakage, seriously affects being smoothed out for deepwater drilling operation, and be added significantly to drilling fluid
Cost.For this problem, foreign oil drilling technology company has carried out numerous studies work, how inquires into oil base drilling fluid
Or synthetic base drilling fluid carries out technological improvement, to reduce drilling fluid low temperature thickening effect, meet deepwater drilling technical need.For
The use problem of oil base drilling fluid or synthetic base drilling fluid in deepwater drilling, Petroleum Industry in Foreign circle propose " constant current change " this
One concept, i.e., (4.4 DEG C~65 DEG C) keep relative stability in big temperature range yield value, six fast viscosimeters are under 6r/min
Reading and 10-min gel strengths, possess the oil base drilling fluid of " constant current change " characteristic or synthetic base drilling fluid can meet that deep water bores
Well technical requirements.Foreign study found that due to the common base oil of oil base drilling fluid, such as white oil, diesel oil and vegetable oil rheology
Property is affected by temperature larger, is difficult to prepare the drilling fluid system suitable for deepwater drilling using this kind of base oil.Therefore, it is domestic
Outer research institution and technical service company start the research of study emphasis synthetic base drilling fluid, by synthesizing different types of synthesis base
Oil, and suitable additive for drilling fluid is explored, synthetic base drilling fluid of the exploitation suitable for deepwater drilling.But develop synthesis base
Oil, first has to ensure it with extremely low bio-toxicity, to meet sea environment-friendly laws and regulations requirement.In addition, synthesis base oil cost is general
All over the base oil higher than common oil base drilling fluid.Compared with synthetic base drilling fluid, the base oil source of oil base drilling fluid is wider and cost
Low, drilling fluid prepares more easy with maintenance.
By literature search, since the control of oil base drilling fluid low temperature rheological behaviour is more difficult, deep water constant current is directed to both at home and abroad
It is more to become synthetic base drilling fluid research report, and has no deep water constant current and becomes oil base drilling fluid relevant report.Bored for deep water oil base
The report of well liquid research only has 1:
For Changjiang University Hu Sanqing etc. using 5# white oils as base oil, experiment establishes a kind of low toxicity oil less to formation damage
Base drilling fluid.But the drilling fluid rheology is affected by temperature larger, yield value is significantly increased under low temperature, does not possess " constant current change " spy
Property, the problems such as may causing leakage in deepwater drilling operation.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of constant current become oil base drilling fluid, can in the range of deepwater drilling temperature in wellbore (4~
65 DEG C) stable rheological characteristic is provided, solves the problems, such as traditional oil base drilling fluid may caused by low temperature thickening, reduce deepwater drilling work
Shaft bottom surge pressure during industry process middle-opening pump, reduces drilling fluid equivalent circulating density, avoids missing;Possess filtrate reducing and
Antifouling property, solves deepwater drilling liquid technical barrier.
A kind of constant current provided by the present invention becomes oil base drilling fluid, includes the component of following mass parts:
70~100 parts of white oil, 0~30 part of calcium chloride water, 1.5~5 parts of flow pattern regulator, 1~4 part of emulsifying agent, profit
0.5~2.5 part of humectant, 1~3.5 part of organoclay of drilling fluid, 1.5~5 parts of fluid loss additive, 0.2~0.6 part of calcium oxide, is aggravated
0~260 part of agent.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, and the white oil is at least one of 0# white oils, 3# white oils, 5# white oils.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, the calcium chloride water for mass fraction be 20~35% calcium chloride it is water-soluble
Liquid.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, and the flow pattern regulator is ethylene propylene copolymer, polymethacrylates, three
Polyacids, phenolic resin, by dimeric dibasic acid, monoethanolamine and polyethylene polyamine reaction generation copolymer and by acrylamide, benzene second
At least one of alkene and the copolymer of methacrylic acid reaction generation;
The ethylene propylene copolymer is at least one of bibasic ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber;
In the copolymer by the generation of dimeric dibasic acid, monoethanolamine and polyethylene polyamine reaction, monoethanolamine, polybasic carboxylic acid and more
Ethylene polyamine molar ratio is 1~30:1~20:1~15;
It is described by dimeric dibasic acid, monoethanolamine and polyethylene polyamine reaction generation copolymer in, polyethylene polyamine for ethylenediamine,
At least one of diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine;
It is described by acrylamide, styrene and methacrylic acid reaction generation copolymer in, acrylamide, styrene and
Methacrylic acid molar ratio is 10~30:5~20:10~30;
In the copolymer by the reaction generation of acrylamide, styrene and methacrylic acid, acrylamide is N- 12
At least one of alkyl acrylamide, N- cetyls acrylamide and N- octadecyl acrylamides.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, and the emulsifying agent is the copolymerization by Long carbon chain aliphatic acid and amine reaction generation
At least one of thing, petroleum sulfonate, oleamide, oxygen ethyl alkylbenzene phenolic ether, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate;
It is described by Long carbon chain aliphatic acid and amine reaction generation copolymer in, Long carbon chain aliphatic acid for stearic acid, oleic acid,
At least one of linoleic acid, laurate;
The amine is at least one of ethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, diethanol amine, diethanol triamine, three ethanol tetramines.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, and the wetting agent is cycloalkanoimide, polyoxyethylated alkyl phenol, butyl polyoxy
At least one of propylene ether, aliphatic acid imine imidazole sulfoacid calcium, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, the fluid loss additive is oxidized asphalt, asphaltic resin, humic acid modified resin,
At least one of organic lignite.
Above-mentioned constant current becomes oil base drilling fluid, and the heavy weight additive is at least one of barite and calcium carbonate.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:
1st, oil base drilling fluid of the invention passes through to components such as base oil, emulsifying agent, drilling fluid organoclay, flow pattern regulators
Reasonable selection and proportioning, to realize the Effective Regulation to oil base drilling fluid rheological characteristic.Compared with constant current becomes synthetic base drilling fluid,
The oil base drilling fluid of the present invention is loose to the requirement of base oil raw material, and cost is low, the less toxic white oil of traditional oil base drilling fluid
Meet requirement, it is not necessary to put into energy in terms of the exploration of synthetic-based mud and synthesis technique, reduce workload and cost.
2nd, in deepwater drilling temperature in wellbore scope (4~65 DEG C), the yield value of oil base drilling fluid of the invention, six fast viscosity
The reading under 6r/min and 3r/min and 10-min gel strengths value keep stablizing meter respectively, are hardly affected by temperature, i.e.,
" constant current change " is realized in deep water pit shaft temperature range, avoids and causes equivalent because drilling fluid rheology changes with temperature
The problem of circulating density is excessive.And drilling fluid is in density up to 2.1g/cm3When can still keep permanent rheological behavior.
3rd, oil base drilling fluid of the invention has very strong contamination resistance, can meet ocean deepwater drilling technical need.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples, is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1
Deep water constant current, which becomes oil base drilling fluid, includes the component of following mass parts:
80 parts of 5# white oils, 20 parts of calcium chloride water, 3.5 parts of flow pattern regulator, 3 parts of emulsifying agent, 2 parts of wetting agent, drilling well
1 part of organoclay of liquid, 2 parts of fluid loss additive, 0.4 part of calcium oxide, 50 parts of heavy weight additive.
The mass fraction of calcium chloride water used is 25% in the present embodiment.
Flow pattern regulator used is according to 1 by trimer acid and bibasic ethylene propylene rubber in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio mixing
Form.
Emulsifying agent used is generated by oxygen ethyl alkylbenzene phenolic ether and by oleic acid and monoethanolamine reaction in the present embodiment
Copolymer is according to 2:1 mass ratio mixes.
Wetting agent used is according to 1 by cycloalkanoimide and polyoxyethylated alkyl phenol in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio
Mix.
Fluid loss additive used is asphaltic resin in the present embodiment.
Heavy weight additive used is barite in the present embodiment.
The drilling fluid density of the present embodiment is 1.2g/cm3。
Embodiment 2
Deep water constant current, which becomes oil base drilling fluid, includes the component of following mass parts:
75 parts of 0# white oils, 25 parts of calcium chloride water, 3.5 parts of flow pattern regulator, 3 parts of emulsifying agent, 2 parts of wetting agent, drilling well
1 part of organoclay of liquid, 3 parts of fluid loss additive, 0.5 part of calcium oxide, 100 parts of heavy weight additive.
The mass fraction of calcium chloride water used is 20% in the present embodiment.
Flow pattern regulator used is by the copolymerization of dimeric dibasic acid, monoethanolamine and triethylene tetramine reaction generation in the present embodiment
Thing and ethylene propylene diene rubber are according to 2:1 mass ratio mixes.
Emulsifying agent used is according to 1.5 by oleamide and sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio mixes
Conjunction forms.
Wetting agent used is according to 1 by cycloalkanoimide and octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio
Mix.
Fluid loss additive used is oxidized asphalt in the present embodiment.
Heavy weight additive used is barite in the present embodiment.
The drilling fluid density of the present embodiment is 1.5g/cm3。
Embodiment 3
Deep water constant current, which becomes oil base drilling fluid, includes the component of following mass parts:
80 parts of 3# white oils, 20 parts of calcium chloride water, 4 parts of flow pattern regulator, 3.5 parts of emulsifying agent, 2.5 parts of wetting agent, is bored
1 part of organoclay of well liquid, 3 parts of fluid loss additive, 0.6 part of calcium oxide, 260 parts of heavy weight additive.
The mass fraction of calcium chloride water used is 20% in the present embodiment.
Flow pattern regulator used is by the copolymerization of dimeric dibasic acid, monoethanolamine and diethylenetriamine reaction generation in the present embodiment
Thing and by N- cetyls acrylamide, styrene and methacrylic acid reaction generation copolymer according to 2:1 mass ratio mixes
Conjunction forms.
Emulsifying agent used is according to 1.5 by oleamide and oxygen ethyl alkylbenzene phenolic ether in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio
Example mixes.
Wetting agent used is according to 1 by polyoxyethylated alkyl phenol and cycloalkanoimide in the present embodiment:1 mass ratio
Mix.
Fluid loss additive used is humic acid modified resin in the present embodiment.
Heavy weight additive used is barite in the present embodiment.
The drilling fluid density of the present embodiment is 2.1g/cm3。
The effect of the drilling fluid prepared below to embodiment 1 to 3 is tested.
1st, drilling fluid rheology, leak-off test
Prepare at normal temperatures the present invention oil base drilling fluid, is fitted into ageing can under assigned temperature heat roll 16h, 4 DEG C,
30 DEG C and 65 DEG C survey its yield value (YP), six fast viscosimeters respectively the reading under 6r/min and 3r/min (3 reading of θ 6 and θ) with
And 10-min gel strengths (10-min Gel), and contrasted with traditional oil base drilling fluid and synthetic base drilling fluid.In addition, test
High temperature and high pressure filter loss of the drilling fluid under the conditions of 120 DEG C/3.5MPa, evaluates it and blocks filtrate reducing effect.
1 deep water constant current of table becomes oil base drilling fluid rheological characteristic and leak-off test result
Note:YP is yield value;θ 6, θ 3 are the six fast viscosimeters reading under 6r/min and 3r/min respectively;10-min
Gel is 10-min gel strengths
In table 1, traditional oil base drilling fluid formula in comparative example comes from document《The experiment of oil base drilling fluid low-temperature characteristics is ground
Study carefully》;Deep water oil base drilling fluid performance indicator comes from document in comparative example《Less toxic deep water oil base drilling fluid desk research》;Comparative example
Middle conventional synthesis base drilling fluid performance indicator comes from《New flat-rheology synthetic-based mud for
improved deepwater drilling》(SPE 90987)。
As shown in Table 1, under the conditions of different densities, oil base drilling fluid of the invention can keep steady in the range of 4~65 DEG C
Fixed yield value, θ 6 and 3 readings of θ and 10-min gel strengths, realize " constant current change " in the range of deepwater drilling temperature in wellbore.
And density is up to 2.1g/cm3When, oil base drilling fluid of the invention can still keep permanent rheological behavior.And traditional oil base drilling fluid or
Significant change occurs in the range of 4~65 DEG C for the rheological characteristic of synthetic base drilling fluid, under low temperature yield value, θ 6 and 3 readings of θ and
10-min gel strengths are substantially increased, and can not meet deepwater drilling technical need.
In addition, as shown in Table 1, the high temperature and high pressure filter loss of oil base drilling fluid of the invention under the conditions of 120 DEG C/3.5MPa
≤ 5mL, has very strong closure filtrate reducing effect.
2nd, the embodiment of the present invention becomes synthetic base drilling fluid rheological property with constant current in domestic and international patent document and contrasts
Become oil base drilling fluid report due to being showed no successful constant current both at home and abroad, can not find can bore with the oil base of the present invention
The oil base drilling fluid of well liquid contrast.Therefore, the constant current of the present invention is become into oil base drilling fluid and domestic patent
Obtained constant current becomes synthetic base drilling fluid and biography in ZL201210251278.7 and United States Patent (USP) US7871962 embodiments
System oil base drilling fluid is contrasted.With the yield value of drilling fluid, θ 6 and 3 readings of θ and 10-min gel strengths in the range of 4~65 DEG C
Maxima and minima ratio characterization drilling fluid rheology degree of stability, ratio is smaller, illustrates that rheological characteristic becomes with temperature
Change smaller, rheological characteristic is more stable.Comparing result is shown in Table 2.
2 constant current of table becomes oil base drilling fluid and becomes synthetic base drilling fluid contrast with constant current
Table 2 the result shows that, in the range of 4~65 DEG C, ZL201210251278.7 constant currents become the dynamic of synthetic base drilling fluid cut
3 reading kept stable of power, θ 6 and θ, but another crucial rheological parameter 10-min gel strengths of deepwater drilling liquid are not directed to
Arrive.US7871962 constant currents become the 3 reading kept stable of θ 6 and θ of synthetic base drilling fluid, but yield value and 10-min gel strengths
Stability is relatively poor.3 reading of yield value, θ 6 and θ of the oil base drilling fluid of the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3
And 10-min gel strengths are in 4~65 DEG C of equal very littles of range amplitude.Under the conditions of different densities, YP ratio≤1.14;θ 6 compares
Value≤1.25;3 ratio≤1.30 of θ;10-min Gel ratio≤1.11.YP and 10-min gel strength amplitudes of variation are significantly less than
ZL201210251278.7 constant currents change synthetic base drilling fluid and US7871962 constant currents change synthetic base drilling fluid, and 3 reading of θ 6 and θ
Amplitude of variation is close therewith.3 reading of YP, θ 6 and θ and 10-min of traditional oil base drilling fluid and conventional synthesis base drilling fluid are quiet
The ratio of shear force maxima and minima is between 2.22~3.28, i.e., in the range of 4~65 DEG C significantly change occurs for rheological characteristic.
By contrast, stable rheological characteristic can be kept in the range of 4~65 DEG C by illustrating the oil base drilling fluid of the present invention, be that a kind of constant current becomes
Drilling fluid.
In addition, US7871962 constant currents become in the embodiment of synthetic base drilling fluid, drilling fluid most high-density is 13ppg, i.e.,
1.557g/cm3.ZL201210251278.7 constant currents, which become in synthetic base drilling fluid embodiment, does not provide drilling fluid density, but according to
Drilling fluid composition understands that the drilling fluid heavy weight additive of the invention is barite or lime stone, and heavy weight additive is based on coal liquifaction and calcium chloride
The mass volume ratio of aqueous solution cumulative volume is 32~100%, and therefore, which should be in 1.6g/cm3Within.This
The oil base drilling fluid embodiment 3 of invention is up to 2.1g/cm in density3When can still keep permanent rheological behavior, show the present invention perseverance
Rheology oil base drilling fluid density range is big, and the scope of application is wider.
3rd, drilling fluid antifouling property is tested
100 parts of 1 drilling fluid of embodiment is prepared at normal temperatures, and certain mass is separately added under 6000r/min mixing speeds
The sodium chloride or Bohai Bay Oil landwaste of fraction, after stirring 20min, survey yield value, θ 6 and the θ 3 of drilling fluid at 4 DEG C and 65 DEG C respectively
Reading and 10-min gel strengths, evaluate the anti-sodium chloride of oil base drilling fluid of the present invention and anti-landwaste pollution capacity.
The anti-sodium chloride pollution capacity test result of 3 drilling fluid of table
The anti-landwaste pollution capacity test result of 4 drilling fluid of table
From table 3 and table 4, in 4 DEG C and 65 DEG C, oil base drilling fluid of the invention is subject to mass fraction to be 5~15%
After sodium chloride or the pollution of 5~10% landwaste, stable yield value, six fast viscosimeters can be still kept respectively in 6r/min and 3r/
Reading and 10-min gel strengths under min, showing the oil base drilling fluid of the present invention has very strong contamination resistance.
In conclusion the deep water constant current of the present invention becomes oil base drilling fluid (4~65 in the range of deepwater drilling temperature in wellbore
DEG C) rheological characteristic stabilization, shaft bottom surge pressure during drilling operation course middle-opening pump can be reduced, reduce drilling fluid in drilling process
Equivalent circulating density, avoids causing leakage because surge pressure is excessive or equivalent circulating density is excessive, reaches safe and efficient drilling well simultaneously
Reduce the purpose of drilling cost.