CN104860501B - A kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique - Google Patents
A kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104860501B CN104860501B CN201510159640.1A CN201510159640A CN104860501B CN 104860501 B CN104860501 B CN 104860501B CN 201510159640 A CN201510159640 A CN 201510159640A CN 104860501 B CN104860501 B CN 104860501B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, comprise the steps: (a) sludge dewatering: well drilling detritus mud is dried and dewatered, obtain coarse granule mud and contain fine grain sewage; (b) fine granule separates: to containing, fine grain sewage carries out mud, water two is separated and obtains qualified sewage and fine granule; (c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: well site solid waste, thick, fine granule are transported to and carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, dry and pyrolysis in compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of coarse granule mud and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is reverse; (d) containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust; (e) ultrafine dust particle exhaust-gas treatment; (f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: ultrafine dust particle is carried out to secondary high-temperature pyrolysis. The pyrolysis efficiency of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique provided by the invention is high, and operation cost is low, and can accomplish truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water base field of sludge treatment of oil drilling, relate in particular to a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste workSkill.
Background technology
The water base mud of oil drilling is a kind of chemical analysis waste mud that there is no calorific value, and it contains natural soluble-saltSolid particle, suspension, polyacrylamide, sulfonated gilsonite, hydrogen sulfide, microorganism, the colloid things such as class, blanc fixe, bentoniteClose bacterium, germ, sporangiocyst, hazardous contaminant etc., inject in addition acids, oxygen scavenger, lubricant, the bactericide, anti-on stratumThe chemical addition agents such as dirt agent. At present, the method for mud being processed mainly contains biodegradation lignin-sludge method, chemical agent acidAlkali neutralization (being commonly called as: desorption) processing method, sludge curing method for sludge treatment, sludge drying processing method and sludge incineration processingMethod, high temperature pyrolysis processing method etc.
Biodegradation lignin-sludge mode is not suitable for the water base Treatment of Sludge of oil drilling landwaste, and its reason is oilThe water base mud of drilling well belongs to high viscosity, particle is inhomogeneous, moisture content is high, without calorific value, the more difficult chemical sludge rubbish of second dehydration,Except having far different difference with municipal refuse, other industrial refuse that has calorific value and oil drilling oily sludge, itsThe chemical analysis of the water base mud of drilling well itself is also quite complicated, has obvious period otherness, is mainly reflected in: every a bite stoneOil drilling well in different regions, the operating mode of its degree of depth of location and changeable geological formations is all different, blanc fixe wherein, poly-Acrylamide, sulfonated gilsonite add at times, the flow time of the waste mud of a upper period and next period waste mud andOperation operating mode is not easily grasped, is controlled, and causes different chemical analysis waste mud of each period effectively to classifyDeposit respectively, the practical operation difficulty of getting up is very large like this. The different chemical composition waste mud of different periods mixes mutuallyAfter, just more difficult carrying out effectively separates and obtains the re-injection water that can again utilize, so current actual practice is to be isolated outThe sewage collecting coming focuses on to being sent to somewhere in water tank storage tank again.
Chemical agent acid-base neutralization (or " desorption ") processing method and cement solidification processing method are to process at present to dispose stoneTwo kinds of the most frequently used modes of the water base mud of oil well drilling detritus, they are all that Bian chemical agent carries out acid to water based waste mudAlkali neutralisation treatment is obtained neutral mud, then landfill or cement solidification processing after pressing Virgin mummification. These two kinds of methods theoreticallySay, can adopt allotment chemical solvent to carry out acid-base neutralization processing to the water base mud of well drilling detritus, water base moisture content >=90%Waste mud is by pressing the multiple solid-liquid separation techniques such as Virgin to obtain the neutral mud of moisture content≤75%. But on-site actual situations is stoneOil drilling well is on the degree of depth of the difference (oil field, oil gas field) of different region section (land, sea) and kind thereof and changeable groundThe operating mode of homogenous rock stratum is all different, and the cement mortar composition of every a bite drilling well is quite complicated, often needs to have N kind chemical ingredients medicamentMeet discharge capacity and the chemical analysis combination formula thereof of the water base sludge slurry of stochastic and dynamic drilling well, therefore, when drilling well tripping operation,Take to add at times the chemical addition agent of various combination formula to produce flow time and the work of corresponding water base waste sludge slurryOrder operating mode is that comparatively difficulty or ease are grasped, controlled, and often needs the wastewater slurry of different periods to classify and deposit respectively timely and accuratelyPut away, must prepare pointedly corresponding chemical agent (coagulant, flocculant, magnetic auxiliary agent) etc. simultaneously and come acid-base neutralization placeReason, this mode at the scene in practical operation difficulty very large. In addition on-the-spot practical operation personnel's technical merit and the responsibility of respecting work,The heart is also that can the water base sludge water slurry of drilling well adopt chemical agent acid-base neutralization processing method to obtain at the scene satisfactory neutrality dirtOne of key factor of mud, as can be seen here, the water base mud of neutral landwaste that is piled into mountain before this live through rainwater drop wet afterHave a large amount of harmful poisonous black effluent stream out again environmental pollution be inevitable.
Sludge drying processing method changes physics, the chemistry and raw of mud when can making Fibrotic drying sludge processingThing characteristic, operating temperature (for mud granule) > 100 DEG C, except effectively killing pathogen, can also make mud volume significantly fallLow, and stink is eliminated. But the inapplicable oil drilling landwaste of this process Treatment of Sludge, and its energy consumption is high, equipment is complicated,Investment and operating cost is high, minimizing is not thorough yet, and, also to take the measure such as condensation, deodorizing, integrated cost to evaporantHigher.
Sludge incineration processing method can make the material such as whole organic matters, pathogen of mud at 850 ~ 1000 DEG C, be oxidized,Pyrolysis is also thoroughly destroyed, and is the processing method that subtracts the most thoroughly appearanceization, innoxious and resource. Mud in the market burnsBurning processing is all to have higher calorific capacity for mud itself, utilizes the burning generation heat energy of sludge garbage self generate electricity or supplyHeat, the thermal source that burner provides just helps burning within the short time that just starts igniting, when fire box temperature reaches sludge garbageCan lean on self calorific value to maintain normal operation burning time, burner makes to quit work; Or for content in sludge garbageHigh huge malicious hazardous substance or extremely infection product, do not leave all the time calorific value or other auxiliary fuel of mud itself and accompany combustionThe process of burning.
Mainly contain in the market three kinds of sludge incinerators, i.e. bubble type fluidized bed incinerator, Incineration in CFBStove and rotary incinerator, these three kinds of sludge incineration treatment facilities are all completely auxiliary by the calorific value of mud, rubbish self or otherFuel is accompanied burning, and mud and flame mixes, completely only for the burning of burning municipal refuse and industrial refuseDevice can not be applicable to the processing of well drilling detritus mud at all; And above-mentioned three kinds of best sludge incineration treatment facilities are all fixingPlace, fixing sludge garbage characteristic, fixing large capacity rubbish and large-tonnage incinerator equipment, and subsidiary cogeneration or heating withAnd other by-product utilizes return to be worth the higher investment project of being benefited again, it does not meet oil drilling landwaste mud spyProperty, large and equipment confined condition (spatial volume, floor space, weight, power, the safety etc.) requirement of place, field mobility.
It is completely according to the customized skill of self character of oil drilling landwaste mud that high temperature pyrolysis is processed method of disposalArt technique, utilizes the high-temperature hot-air of thermal source to carry out pyrolysis landwaste mud, reaches the object of harmlessness disposing for a full due, landwaste dirtMud itself does not contact completely and separates with thermal source combustion fuel and flame, and its temperature control precision is high, pyrolysis zone ringBorder temperature is even, thus be at present advanced oil drilling landwaste sludge disposal technology technique, in landwaste mud originallyPhysical characteristic, the chemical property of the various solid matter compositions such as blanc fixe, bentonite are completely preserved well and are enteredRow is recycled again, accomplished truly subtract up hill and dale appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment disposal options.
To sum up, be in chemical acid alkali entirely to the processing mode of oil drilling landwaste mud in the market and disposal options is depositedIn many defects and a difficult problem, do not reach thorough harmless treatment effect, and other except high temperature pyrolysis treatment technology is anyMode is processed oil drilling landwaste mud, still can produce secondary pollution problem. And oil drilling landwaste Treatment of Sludge does not also haveThere is the upper high temperature pyrolysis of application to process this treatment technology and the disposal options that subtracts the most thoroughly appearanceization, innoxious and resource, because ofThis, in the urgent need to specialized designs, manufacture a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique for the water base mud of oil drilling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the above-mentioned defect of prior art, provide a kind of pyrolysis efficiency high,Operation cost is low and can accomplish that the harmless treatment drilling well that thoroughly subtracts appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment is truly solidUseless technique.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme adopting is as follows:
A kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, comprises the steps:
(a) sludge dewatering: the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drier to carry outDry and dehydration, obtain coarse granule mud and contain fine grain sewage, and divide by this coarse granule mud with containing fine grain sewageBe not delivered to dry type sludge bin and solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator;
(b) fine granule separates: by solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator, the fine grain sewage that contains being obtained by step (a) is carried outMud, water two are separated, and obtain qualified sewage and fine granule, and the fine granule of acquisition is delivered in dry type sludge binStore;
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, be stored in coarse granule mud and fine grained in dry type sludge binMud is transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device inside and under the effect of high-temperature hot-air thermal source, carries out preheating dehydration, bakingDo, be dried and pyrolysis, to obtain waste gas, the innoxious material of middle particle and the innoxious material of coarse granule containing dust, and this thickThe grain direction of travel of mud and the flow direction of high-temperature hot-air thermal source are reverse, and the direction of travel of this fine granule and high temperatureThe flow direction of hot blast thermal source is for forward;
(d) containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust being produced by step (c) is delivered to material multi and dividesFrom installing to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas, and shouldFine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas are delivered to respectively fine dust particles collecting mechanism, reciprocalFormula waste gas pyrolysis oven and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism;
(e) ultrafine dust particle exhaust-gas treatment: ultrafine dust particle waste gas is being delivered to ultrafine dust particle waste gas receiptsAfter collecting mechanism, ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out isolated by filtration processing to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtains blackUltrafine dust particles such as element class, pulverized limestone, active carbon to be delivered to reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven medium pending, and by qualified cigaretteGas is discharged;
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven to by step (d) and (e) respectively obtain fine dust particlesThe ultrafine dust particles such as waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon carry out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature.
In above-mentioned steps (a), the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drierOr highly effective sludge vibratory sieve dries and dewater, wherein, highly effective sludge vibratory sieve is to prevent that well drilling detritus mud from normally dryingThe one that when operation, mud drier breaks down suddenly promptly supplement prediction scheme, guaranteed sludge dewatering normally carry out and wholeThe normal operation of individual drillng operation.
In above-mentioned steps (c), well site solid waste, coarse granule mud and fine granule are transported to compound type sludge high temperaturePyrolysis installation high-temperature hot-air heat inner and that produce at direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove, coal-fired hot-blast stove and fuel-firing gas-firing hot-blast stove etc.Under the effect in source, carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, dry and pyrolysis, wherein, the direction of travel of coarse granule mud and high-temperature hot-air heatThe flow direction in source is reverse, and the flow direction of the direction of travel of fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is for forward, thickGranule sludge is that reverse interaction contacts with high-temperature hot-air thermal source, has greatly strengthened its exchange capability of heat, contributes to improve compound dirtThe high temperature pyrolysis efficiency of mud high temperature pyrolysis device, and at compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device, mud is carried out to preheating dehydration, bakingIn the process of dry, dry and pyrolysis, mud itself does not contact with thermal source combustion fuel and flame, and its temperature control precision is high, heatSeparate regional environment temperature even, further improved the high temperature pyrolysis efficiency to mud, safety and environmental protection; In addition, in whole preheatingDehydration, dry, in the process of dry and pyrolysis, the physics of the various solid matter compositions such as blanc fixe, bentonite in mudCharacteristic and chemical property can preserve to be well convenient to again recycle; Hence one can see that, harmless treatment of the present inventionDrilling well solid waste technique can to the water base mud of oil drilling accomplish truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and resource placeReason.
In above-mentioned steps (d), the waste gas containing dust is delivered to material multi separator to carry out separating treatment, thisThe design of sample can not only improve the treatment effect to the waste gas containing dust, ensures that the flue gas of discharge is up to standard, and is convenient to follow-upRecycling.
In above-mentioned steps (f), reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is to fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, workThe ultrafine dust particles such as property charcoal carry out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature, utilize reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven to above-mentioned multipleThe poisonous and harmful substance of fully not decomposing in mould assembly sludge high temperature pyrolysis installation or the waste gas of generation carry out high temperature pyrolysis again, haveHelp further to accomplish truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
Improve as one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (a), by well drilling detritus mud through mudTank is delivered to mud drier and dries and dewater, and obtains coarse granule mud and contains fine grain sewage.
Well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drier or highly effective sludge vibratory sieve dries and dewaters through slurry tank,When drillng operation is opened that half interpolation sulfonation, 3 is opened or 4 is full of load operation or the improper waste mud that comes down in torrents in a large number of fixing a breakdown in 2Time, the landwaste mud ejecting continuously be just delivered directly in mud drier carry out mud, water two is separated; When drillng operation placeIn the time of a small amount of and discontinuity discharge mud, just allowing mud be transported in slurry tank stores, only has after mud tank storage is full and openMoving mud drier carries out mud, water two is separated, thus the setting of slurry tank can utilize more rationally and effectively mud drier orHighly effective sludge vibratory sieve, contributes to reduce the operation cost of described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique.
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (a), adopt the first conveying mechanism to boreWell landwaste mud is delivered to mud drier and dries and dewater, and obtains coarse granule mud and contains fine grain sewage.
In technical scheme of the present invention, adopt the first conveying mechanism that well drilling detritus mud is delivered to mud drierOr highly effective sludge vibratory sieve, can ensure that the water base sewage of drilling well, mud and poisonous and harmful substance do not land completely, so justCan cancel the detritus sewage pond in existing treatment facility, reduce the land occupation area of drilling well effect; In addition, can adopt mudAuger combination transfer device is as the first conveying mechanism, and this mud auger combination transfer device comprises N group mud screw conveyor(N is natural number).
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, will be delivered to solid through Water Tank containing fine grain sewageLiquid centrifugal dehydrator. If just can directly will contain fine grain when what a upper operation continuous wave output was a large amount of contains fine grain sewageIn sewage input solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator, carry out mud, water two is separated, can work as should containing fine grain sewage on a small quantity and discontinuity arrangeWhile putting, the arranging of Water Tank can make after entering Water Tank to store containing fine grain sewage the storage capacity that reaches certain defeated againDeliver in solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator, such design can utilize solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator more rationally and effectively, and contributes to reduceThe operation cost of described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique.
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (c), will be stored in dry type sludge binCoarse granule mud and fine granule be transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device inside to enter by second conveyor structureRow preheating dehydration, oven dry, dry and pyrolysis.
Same as above, adopt second conveyor structure that coarse granule mud and fine granule are delivered to compound type sludge high temperaturePyrolysis installation inside, can ensure that coarse granule mud and fine granule do not land completely, on the one hand can raising work effectRate, ensures on the other hand, also to contribute to the safety and environmental protection of described harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique to cut operating costs.
In technical scheme of the present invention, above-mentioned second conveyor structure comprise successively the shaftless screw conveyor that is communicated with,Dry type sludge bucket and landwaste mud screw(-type) feeder; Wherein, the charging aperture of this shaftless screw conveyor and landwaste mud spiral are givenThe discharging opening of material machine is communicated with the discharging opening of dry type sludge bin and the charging aperture of compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device respectively. IfEmploying has axle screw conveyor, not only can reduce the efficiency of its conveying well drilling detritus mud, but also may be because there is stoneThe objects such as piece, iron wire, metal, have axle screw conveyor to there will be stuck failure problems, have increased maintenance workload, and its motorPower will promote a class comparatively speaking; Because the landwaste mud after drying still has very high viscosity, if adopt beltConveyer, needs to carry out in advance the leakage protection measure of mud, is unfavorable for the reduction of operation cost; If adopt elevator defeatedSend landwaste mud,, because the viscosity of landwaste mud is very large, can make transfer efficiency greatly reduce, facts have proved inadvisable; AndArtificial conveyance mode is only applicable to the experimental stage, cannot adapt to the industrial automation continuous productive process of producing in enormous quantities. Therefore thus canKnow, what adopt that shaftless screw conveyor substitutes available technology adopting has axle screw conveyor, belt conveyor, elevator or a peopleThe mode that power is carried, not only can improve the efficiency of carrying well drilling detritus mud, and can avoid occurring stuck fault, has reduced dimensionProtect workload, be conducive to the reduction of operation cost.
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (d), fine dust particles is delivered to fine powderAfter in dirt particle collecting mechanism, fine dust particles is stored to the first feed bin through fine grained material conveying worm, focuses on waiting.The setting of fine grained material conveying worm has not only improved operating efficiency, has alleviated staff's labour intensity, and has helpedIn realizing automatically working.
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (e), ultrafine dust particle gas samplingMechanism comprises pulsed jet cloth filter, calcium hydroxide and active carbon injection apparatus, melanin collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
Pulsed jet cloth filter is right under calcium hydroxide and the calcium hydroxide of active carbon injection apparatus injection and the effect of active carbonUltrafine dust particle waste gas carries out bag pulse dedusting processing, obtains waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon etc. superFine dust particles;
After a waste gas enters in waste gas filtering mechanism, a waste gas is carried out to spray, continuing the same of coolingTime the acidic materials such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine contained in a waste gas are made to further acid-base neutralizationEliminate and atomization dust settlement action, the qualified flue gas obtaining is discharged;
The ultrafine dust particles such as melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon are delivered to reciprocating by melanin collecting mechanismWaste gas pyrolysis oven is medium pending.
In technical scheme of the present invention, slaked lime powder contributes to improve aridity and the gas of pulsed jet cloth filterPenetrating rate, and can remove the acidic materials such as the sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and the hydrogen fluoride that contain in flue gas by neutralization method, and liveProperty charcoal has the function of the toxic and harmful materials such as Xi Fu bioxin and peculiar smell.
Improve as the one to technical scheme of the present invention, in above-mentioned steps (f), if reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis ovenFire box temperature is lower than 900oWhen C, automatically start fuel-firing gas-firing burner and supply in time heat energy and make reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis ovenFire box temperature remain on 900oC and more than, to ensure fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon simultaneouslyThe time of staying Deng ultrafine dust particle in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is more than 2s.
In technical scheme of the present invention, if the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven is lower than 900oWhen C, can produceThe toxic and harmfuls such as raw more bioxin; If fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon etc. are ultra-fineThe time of staying of dust granules in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven, below 2s, can make reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven to fine powderThe pyrolysis of the ultrafine dust particles such as dirt particle waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon is incomplete, also can affect pyrolysis effectRate, therefore the ultrafine dust particles such as guarantee fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon are in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysisThe time of staying in stove, more than 2s, can ensure the ultrafine dusts such as fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbonParticle can obtain sufficient pyrolysis in reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven.
In addition, in the technical scheme of the present invention, all being not specifically noted, all can be by adopting normal in this areaRule means realize the technical program.
Therefore, the pyrolysis efficiency of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique provided by the invention is high, and operation cost is low, and can doTo truly thoroughly subtract appearanceization, innoxious and recycling treatment.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique in the present embodiment;
In accompanying drawing, 1 is drilling sludge vibratory sieve, and 2 is desanding desilter, and 3 is centrifuge, and 4 is the first conveying mechanism, and 5 areSlurry tank, 6 is mud drier, and 7 is Water Tank, and 8 is solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator, and 9 is sewage collecting tank, 10 is dry type mudStorehouse, 11 is shaftless screw conveyor, and 12 is dry type sludge bucket, and 13 is landwaste mud screw(-type) feeder, and 14 is that compound type sludge is highTemperature pyrolysis installation, 15 is middle particulate material conveying worm, and 16 is the 3rd feed bin, and 17 is coarse granule material conveying worm, and 18 is theFour feed bins, 19 is direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove, and 20 is coaling machine, and 21 is coal-fired feed bin, and 22 is the first air blast, 23 go out for scraper plateSlag machine, 24 is slag, and 25 is material multi separator, and 26 is fine grained material conveying worm, and 27 is the first feed bin, 28 is arteries and veinsRush sack cleaner, 29 is melanin class conveying worm, and 30 is the second feed bin, and 31 is active carbon filtering device, and 32 is flue gasAir-introduced machine, 33 is spray scrubbing tower, and 34 are discharged for qualified flue gas, and 35 is fuel-firing gas-firing burner, and 36 is reciprocatingWaste gas pyrolysis oven, 37 is heat exchanger, and 38 is the second air blast, and 39 is hot-air heat supply in winter or sewage evaporation, and 40 is calcium hydroxideWith active carbon injection apparatus.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, rightThe present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, noBe used for limiting the present invention.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, as shown in Figure 1, comprises following stepRapid:
(a) sludge dewatering: the brill of moisture content >=90% that employing the first conveying mechanism 4 is separated desanding desilt assemblyWell landwaste mud is grown distance and is delivered to mud drier 6 or highly effective sludge vibratory sieve dries and dewaters through slurry tank 5,Obtain the coarse granule mud of moisture content≤75% and contain fine grain sewage, and this coarse granule mud is delivered to dry type sludge binIn 10, and should be delivered in solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator 8 with pending by Water Tank 7 containing fine grain sewage;
(b) fine granule separates: by solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator 8, the fine grain sewage that contains being obtained by step (a) is enteredRow mud, water two are separated, and obtain the fine granule of qualified sewage and moisture content≤75%, and by defeated the fine granule obtainingDeliver to the interior storage of dry type sludge bin 10, and qualified produced-water reinjection is arrived in the slurry tank of the cement mortar circulatory system of petroleum drilling drilling teamFor normally or enter in sewage collecting tank 9 and focus on separately;
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, be stored in the thick of moisture content≤75% in dry type sludge bin 10The fine granule of granule sludge and moisture content≤75% is transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device by second conveyor structure14 is inner and at the high-temperature hot-air thermal source being produced by direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19, coal-fired hot-blast stove and fuel-firing gas-firing hot-blast stove etc.Effect under carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, dry and pyrolysis, to obtain waste gas, the innoxious material of middle particle and thick containing dustThe innoxious material of particle, wherein, the flow direction of the direction of travel of this coarse granule mud and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is reverse, and shouldThe flow direction of the direction of travel of fine granule and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is for forward, and the innoxious material of middle particle is by middle particleMaterial conveying worm 15 is expelled in the 3rd feed bin 16, and the innoxious material of coarse granule is expelled to by coarse granule material conveying worm 17In the 4th feed bin 18, in this, the setting of particulate material conveying worm 15 and coarse granule material conveying worm 17 has improved work greatlyEfficiency, has alleviated staff's labour intensity, contributes to realize automatically working; In addition, this direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19Slag 24 discharge by scraper slagging machine 23 from slag outlet; Arranging of this scraper slagging machine 23 improved operating efficiency, subtractsLight staff's labour intensity, and reduced the maintenance difficulties to direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19;
(d) containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust that will be produced by step (c) be delivered to through exhaust steam passageMaterial multi separator 25 is to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particleWaste gas, and this fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas are delivered to respectively to fine dust particles receiptsCollecting mechanism, reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism;
(e) ultrafine dust particle exhaust-gas treatment: be delivered to ultrafine dust particle waste gas at above-mentioned ultrafine dust particle waste gasAfter collecting mechanism, this ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out isolated by filtration processing to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtainsUltrafine dust particles such as melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon to be delivered to above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 medium pending,And qualified flue gas is discharged to 34;
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven to by step (d) and (e) respectively obtain fine dustThe ultrafine dust particles such as particle waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon carry out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature; If shouldThe fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 is lower than 900oWhen C, automatically start fuel-firing gas-firing burner 35 and supply in time heatCan make the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 remain on 900oC and more than, to ensure fine dust particles waste gas simultaneouslyWith the time of staying of ultrafine dust particle in this reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 such as melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbons at 2sAbove.
In above-mentioned steps (f), fine dust particles waste gas and melanin class, lime in above-mentioned reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36The ultrafine dust such as powder, active carbon particle carry out producing after secondary high-temperature pyrolysis higher than 900oThe high-temperature flue gas of C passes through heat exchangerStructure carries out air-cooled chilling heat exchange, makes the temperature of high-temperature flue gas within 2s, be down to 250oBelow C, meanwhile, heat exchange mechanismsAlso introduce cold air with higher than 900oThe high-temperature flue gas of C carries out heat exchange, in 2s, obtains lower than 200oHot blast below C, shouldLower than 200oHot blast below C is transported to the heat supply in winter of drilling equipment or for carrying out mud oven dry and sewage evaporation 39 is doneWith.
In the present embodiment, again as shown in Figure 1, above-mentioned heat exchange mechanisms comprises the cast iron type heat exchanger 37 and second of interconnection mutuallyAir blast 38, these cast iron type heat exchanger 37 outsides are cast with expansion fin, and its tube wall inner side is cast with internal thread, and these all improve greatlyThe heat exchange efficiency of cast iron type heat exchanger 37, and because this cast iron type heat exchanger 37 adopt air-cooled cooling mode, there is not secondaryPollution problem; In addition, adopt cast iron type heat exchanger 37 also to exist to take up room little, flexible arrangement, low cost of manufacture, environmental protection and makeBy long advantage of life-span;
Above-mentioned second conveyor structure comprises the shaftless screw conveyor 11, dry type sludge bucket 12 and the landwaste mud that are communicated with successivelyScrew(-type) feeder 13; Wherein, the discharging opening of the charging aperture of shaftless screw conveyor 11 and landwaste mud screw(-type) feeder 13 respectivelyBe communicated with the discharging opening of dry type sludge bin 10 and the charging aperture of compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device 14;
In above-mentioned steps (d), after above-mentioned fine dust particles is delivered in fine dust particles collecting mechanism, fine dust particlesBe stored to the first feed bin 27 through fine grained material conveying worm 26, focus on waiting;
In above-mentioned steps (e), ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism comprise pulsed jet cloth filter 28, calcium hydroxide andActive carbon injection apparatus 40, melanin collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
The calcium hydroxide that above-mentioned pulsed jet cloth filter 28 sprays at calcium hydroxide and active carbon injection apparatus 40 and active carbonUnder effect, ultrafine dust particle waste gas is carried out to bag pulse dedusting processing, obtain waste gas and melanin class, pulverized limestone, workThe ultrafine dust particles such as property charcoal;
After an above-mentioned waste gas enters in waste gas filtering mechanism, this waste gas is passed through to active carbon filtering device successively31, smoke induced draught fan 32 and spray scrubbing tower 33 carry out spray, continue cooling in institute in a waste gasThe acidic materials such as the sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and the chlorine that contain are made further acid-base neutralization and are eliminated and atomization dustSettlement action, is discharged 34 by the qualified flue gas obtaining; Wherein, active carbon filtering device 31 is for paired pulses sack cleaner28 carry the toxic harmful exhaust gas material of coming again to filter out, further toxic harmful exhaust gas thing in adsorbed gasMatter, peculiar smell and may have bioxin; And spray scrubbing tower 33 is come for 31 conveyings to active carbon filtering deviceWaste gas, adopts limewash or sodium hydroxide solution to carry out spray to flue gas, in continuing cooling contained in flue gasIt is heavy that the acidic materials such as some sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, chlorine do further acid-base neutralization, elimination and atomization dustFall effect, guarantee that the tail gas of discharge meets national requirements for environmental protection completely, and reach European Union's discharge secondary standard; Smoke induced draught fan 32Mainly play the effect that the waste gas of delivery of filtered from active carbon filtering device 31 is incorporated into spray scrubbing tower 33, haveHelp increase work efficiency;
The ultrafine dust particles such as above-mentioned melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbon are delivered to by melanin collecting mechanismState reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36 medium pending, be specially: the ultrafine dust particle head such as melanin class, pulverized limestone, active carbonFirst be stored in the second feed bin 30 by melanin class conveying worm 29, secondly, then be delivered to reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven 36Medium pending. The setting of melanin class conveying worm 29 has not only improved operating efficiency, has alleviated staff's workIntensity, and contribute to realize automatically working;
Fire coal in above-mentioned coal-fired feed bin 21 is the fuel of direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19, will by conveying or manual typeFire coal is sent into coal bunker, then by coaling machine 20, upper coal bunker is promoted to and pours direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19 after certain altitude intoIn fire grate coal bunker. Such design has facilitated adds fire coal to direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19, has greatly alleviated staff'sLabour intensity, also contributes to realize automated production. This direct-fired coal-fired hot-blast stove 19 is also connected with the first air blast 22.
Above-mentioned desanding desilt assembly comprises drilling sludge vibratory sieve 1, desanding desilter 2 and centrifuge 3.
In the present embodiment, adopt mud auger combination transfer device as the first conveying mechanism 4, this mud auger combinationConveying device comprises N group mud screw conveyor (N is natural number), the conveying capacity of this mud auger combination transfer device is 15 ~16m3/ h, every group of shaftless auger length is 11 ~ 13m, power of motor is 11Kw. And the conduct of employing mud auger combination transfer deviceThe first conveying mechanism 4, not only can improve the efficiency of carrying well drilling detritus mud, and can avoid occurring stuck fault, has reducedMaintenance workload, is conducive to the reduction of operation cost.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert,And all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(a) sludge dewatering: the well drilling detritus mud that desanding desilt assembly is separated is delivered to mud drier (6) and gets rid ofDo and dehydration, obtain coarse granule mud and contain fine grain sewage, and divide by described coarse granule mud with containing fine grain sewageBe not delivered to dry type sludge bin (10) and solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator (8);
(b) fine granule separates: by solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator (8), the fine grain sewage that contains being obtained by step (a) is carried outMud, water two are separated, and obtain qualified sewage and fine granule, and the fine granule of acquisition is delivered to dry type sludge bin(10) in, store;
(c) solid waste sludge high temperature pyrolysis: by well site solid waste, be stored in coarse granule mud and fine grained in dry type sludge bin (10)Mud be transported to compound type sludge high temperature pyrolysis device (14) inner and under the effect of high-temperature hot-air thermal source, carry out preheating dehydration,Dry, be dried and pyrolysis, to obtain waste gas, the innoxious material of middle particle and the innoxious material of coarse granule containing dust, and described inThe flow direction of the direction of travel of coarse granule mud and high-temperature hot-air thermal source is reverse, and the direction of travel of described fine granuleWith the flow direction of high-temperature hot-air thermal source for forward;
(d) containing the waste gas separating treatment of dust: the waste gas containing dust that will be produced by step (c) be delivered to material multi and separate dressPut (25) to carry out separating treatment and to obtain fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas, and by instituteState fine dust particles, fine dust particles waste gas and ultrafine dust particle waste gas and be delivered to respectively fine dust particles collecting mechanism, pastCompound waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) and ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism;
(e) ultrafine dust particle exhaust-gas treatment: described ultrafine dust particle waste gas is being delivered to ultrafine dust particle waste gas receiptsAfter collecting mechanism, described ultrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism carries out isolated by filtration processing to ultrafine dust particle waste gas, obtainsUltrafine dust particle to be delivered to described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) medium pending, and qualified flue gas is discharged（34）；
(f) secondary high-temperature pyrolysis: described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) to by step (d) and (e) respectively obtain fine dustParticle waste gas and ultrafine dust particle carry out the innoxious pyrolysis processing of secondary high-temperature.
2. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (a), will boreWell landwaste mud is delivered to mud drier (6) through slurry tank (5) and dries and dewater, and obtains coarse granule mud and contains thinThe sewage of grain.
3. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (a), adoptsThe first conveying mechanism (4) is delivered to mud drier (6) by well drilling detritus mud and dries and dewater, and obtains coarse granule mudWith containing fine grain sewage.
4. according to the harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described in inciting somebody to actionBe delivered to solid-liquid centrifugal dehydrator (8) containing fine grain sewage through Water Tank (7).
5. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (c), will store upExist coarse granule mud and fine granule in dry type sludge bin (10) to be transported to compound type sludge by second conveyor structureHigh temperature pyrolysis device (14) is inner to carry out preheating dehydration, oven dry, dry and pyrolysis.
6. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (d), and fine powderDirt particle transport is to after in fine dust particles collecting mechanism, and fine dust particles is stored to through fine grained material conveying worm (26)One feed bin (27), focuses on waiting.
7. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (e), described inUltrafine dust particle gas sampling mechanism comprises pulsed jet cloth filter (28), calcium hydroxide and active carbon injection apparatus (40), blackPigment collecting mechanism and waste gas filtering mechanism;
The calcium hydroxide that described pulsed jet cloth filter (28) sprays at calcium hydroxide and active carbon injection apparatus (40) and active carbonUnder effect, ultrafine dust particle waste gas is carried out to bag pulse dedusting processing, obtain waste gas and ultrafine dust particle;
After a described waste gas enters in waste gas filtering mechanism, a described waste gas is carried out to spray, continuing coolingIn time, is made further acid-base neutralization contained acidic materials in a waste gas and eliminates and atomization dust settlement action, instituteState acidic materials and comprise sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine, the qualified flue gas obtaining is discharged to (34);
Described ultrafine dust particle is delivered in described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) by described melanin collecting mechanismEtc. pending.
8. harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in above-mentioned steps (f), if instituteState the fire box temperature of reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) lower than 900oWhen C, automatically start fuel-firing gas-firing burner (35) and come in timeSupplying heat energy makes the fire box temperature of described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) remain on 900oC and more than, to ensure institute simultaneouslyState fine dust particles waste gas and the ultrafine dust particle time of staying in described reciprocating waste gas pyrolysis oven (36) more than 2s.
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| CN201510159640.1A Active CN104860501B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | A kind of harmless treatment drilling well solid waste technique |
| CN201510159320.6A Active CN104829080B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Compound sludge high-temperature pyrolysis device |
| CN201510155781.6A Pending CN104819458A (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Reciprocating type exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace |
| CN201510159638.4A Active CN104860500B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | System for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste |
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| CN201510155781.6A Pending CN104819458A (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | Reciprocating type exhaust gas pyrolysis furnace |
| CN201510159638.4A Active CN104860500B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-04-03 | System for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste |
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| CN105084707B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江三联环保科技股份有限公司 | Sludge fragmentation-type drying device |
| CN105484685B (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2018-07-10 | 刘凌 | A kind of oil-base mud drill cutting treatment method |
| CN107162371A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-09-15 | 陆骏 | A kind of water base sludge processes method of mixed type harmless treatment drilling well |
| CN108164113B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-10-13 | 东南大学 | Wing type sludge tubular pyrolysis reactor |
| CN108413401B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of refuse pyrolysis gasification process method of gear rolling fire bars tube furnace |
| CN108361716A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-03 | 大连航化能源装备有限公司 | A kind of three industrial wastes mixed combustion furnace |
| CN109678306A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-26 | 武汉晶诺纳米科技有限公司 | A kind of mud and sewage high temperature carbonization processing unit |
| CN111204946A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-29 | 山东省环保产业股份有限公司 | High-efficient low temperature pyrolysis system of mud |
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- 2015-04-03 CN CN201510159320.6A patent/CN104829080B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104860501A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104829080B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| CN104829080A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN204611742U (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| CN104819458A (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| CN104860500A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104860500B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Application publication date: 20150826 Assignee: Beijing Zhong Rong Da Zheng Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Lu Jun Contract record no.: 2018990000231 Denomination of invention: Process for harmless treatment of solid drilling waste Granted publication date: 20160615 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20180821 |
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