CN104851125A - Plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method and system - Google Patents

Plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method and system Download PDF

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CN104851125A
CN104851125A CN201510206397.4A CN201510206397A CN104851125A CN 104851125 A CN104851125 A CN 104851125A CN 201510206397 A CN201510206397 A CN 201510206397A CN 104851125 A CN104851125 A CN 104851125A
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petiole
leaf
mesh surface
blade
surface model
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CN104851125B (en
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郭新宇
陆声链
肖伯祥
郭小东
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Research Center of Information Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture
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Abstract

The invention discloses a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method and a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling system. The plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method comprises the steps of: constructing a thickness variation curve and a cross-section posture of a petiole in a leaf framework according to the leaf framework in different spacial postures, and generating a mesh surface model of the petiole; acquiring radius of the top part of the petiole according to the thickness variation curve of the petiole, and generating a mesh surface model of main veins of the petiole according to the radius of the top part of the petiole; and generating a mesh surface model of a lamina according to edge region of the lamina in the leaf framework and the radius of the top part of the petiole. The plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method takes the irregular conditions of thickness and cross section of the petiole into account when generating a mesh surface of the petiole through constructing the thickness variation curve and the cross-section posture of the petiole, and takes the thickness information of the lamina into account when generating a mesh surface of the lamina, thereby constructing a more meticulous plant leaf three-dimensional model with higher precision, and improving shape matching degree of the plant leaf three-dimensional model and the real petiole and lamina.

Description

One plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to modeling technique field, be specifically related to plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method and a system.
Background technology
In the application such as production of film and TV, numbers game exploitation, view exhibition, three-dimensional plant model is very important object.And plant has very abundant morphosis, even if same plant, identical two organs of profile also can not be there are.Therefore, when building plant three-dimensional model, often needing to make multiple template for often kind of organ, making the final plant three-dimensional model built can embody diversity on organ morphology and naturality, thus strengthening sense of reality effect.
Leaf is the most important organ of plant, moulds and visual effect has very important impact on the outward appearance of plant model, and therefore many researchers have carried out large quantity research around the design of this plant leaf three-dimensional model and structure, propose some solutions.Comprise image-based reconstruction method, parametric method and the method for reconstructing based on three-dimensional point cloud, and based on the method etc. of sketch.
Mainly there are two shortcomings in the existing construction method about plant leaf three-dimensional model, one is only consider blade, does not consider petiole; Two are constructed leaf three-dimensional models is only single layer structure, does not have thickness.To first shortcoming, although can by existing leaf three-dimensional model construction method and petiole 3 D model construction method being integrated the leaf three-dimensional model building and comprise blade and petiole, but in a leaf three-dimensional model built like this there is with the grid of blade the phenomenon be separated in petiole, two existing petiole 3 D model construction methods often only regard a bending right cylinder as petiole, the xsect of petiole and change in radius are too single, do not conform to the form pole of true petiole.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the invention provides modeling method and the system of a plant leaf three-dimensional model, improve the goodness of fit with the form of true petiole and blade.
First aspect, the invention provides a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method, comprising:
According to the leaf skeleton of different spaces attitude, construct rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generate the mesh surface model of described petiole;
According to the rugosity change curve of described petiole, obtain the top radius of petiole, and generate the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
The mesh surface model of described blade is generated according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
Optionally, rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton is constructed by B-spline curves.
Optionally, the mesh surface model of described petiole and the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse is generated by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
Optionally, the mesh surface model of described blade is generated by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.
Optionally, the mesh surface model of described blade comprises the mesh surface model at described face of blade and the back side.
Optionally, the described fringe region according to described leaf skeleton Leaf and generate the mesh surface model of described blade according to the top radius of described petiole, comprising:
Obtain the top unique point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf and the top unique point of described blade master pulse, generate the grid surface of described face of blade;
Accordingly, obtain the bottom characteristic point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf and the bottom characteristic dot generation of described blade master pulse the grid surface of vacuum side of blade.
Second aspect, present invention also offers a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling, comprising:
First generation module, for the leaf skeleton according to different spaces attitude, constructs rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generates the mesh surface model of described petiole;
Second generation module, for the rugosity change curve according to described petiole, obtains the top radius of petiole, and generates the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
3rd generation module, for generating the mesh surface model of described blade according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
Optionally, described first generation module, specifically for:
Rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton is constructed by B-spline curves.
Optionally, described second generation module, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described petiole and the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse is generated by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
Optionally, described 3rd generation module, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described blade is generated by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.
As shown from the above technical solution, the modeling method of a plant leaf three-dimensional model provided by the invention and system, the method is by constructing rugosity rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole, petiole rugosity and the irregular situation of xsect is considered when generating the grid surface of petiole, consider the thickness information of blade when generating blade grid surface simultaneously, thus construct the three-dimensional model of more careful, more high-precision plant leaf, improve the goodness of fit with the form of true petiole and blade.
In instructions of the present invention, describe a large amount of detail.But can understand, embodiments of the invention can be put into practice when not having these details.In some instances, be not shown specifically known method, structure and technology, so that not fuzzy understanding of this description.
Those skilled in the art can understand, although embodiments more described herein to comprise in other embodiment some included feature instead of further feature, the combination of the feature of different embodiment means and to be within scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments.Such as, in the following claims, the one of any of embodiment required for protection can use with arbitrary array mode.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the scope of claim of the present invention and instructions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic flow sheet of the modeling method of the plant leaf three-dimensional model that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the leaf skeleton that Fig. 2 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The form schematic diagram of the petiole rugosity change curve that Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The form schematic diagram of the petiole xsect attitude that Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the blade master pulse unique point that Fig. 5 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the structure of the modeling method by the plant leaf three-dimensional model plant leaf dimensional model experiment result that Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 E provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the modeling of the plant leaf three-dimensional model that Fig. 7 provides for one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of invention is further described.Following examples only for technical scheme of the present invention is clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of the modeling method of the plant leaf three-dimensional model that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the steps:
101, according to the leaf skeleton of different spaces attitude, construct rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generate the mesh surface model of described petiole;
102, according to the rugosity change curve of described petiole, obtain the top radius of petiole, and generate the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
103, the mesh surface model of described blade is generated according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
Concrete, the mesh surface model of described blade comprises the mesh surface model at described face of blade and the back side.
The method is by constructing rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole, the thickness information of blade is considered when generating blade grid surface, thus construct the three-dimensional model of more careful, more high-precision plant leaf, improve the goodness of fit with the form of true petiole and blade.A kind of method generating careful plant leaf three-dimensional model is provided, thus provides the support of high-quality organ template for giving birth to the whole strain plant three-dimensional model of structure further.
Concrete, rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of the petiole in described leaf skeleton is constructed in above-mentioned steps 102 by B-spline curves.
Above-mentioned steps 102 generates the mesh surface model of petiole and the mesh surface model of blade master pulse by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
Generated the mesh surface model at described face of blade and the back side by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm in above-mentioned steps 103.
Above-mentioned steps 103 specifically comprises:
According to the rugosity change curve of described petiole, obtain the top radius of described petiole;
Obtain the top unique point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and generate the grid surface of described face of blade according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf;
Accordingly, obtain the bottom characteristic point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and generate the grid surface of described vacuum side of blade according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf.
Below to said method main flow by being described in detail with individual step:
S1. leaf frame design.This step is used for setting up the spatial attitude of leaf, comprises edge and the petiole attitude of leaf.
As shown in Figure 2, leaf skeleton is made up of a petiole skeleton line, blade master pulse line, blade left hand edge line and blade right hand edge line.Petiole skeleton line is made up of some vpr, vp1, vp2, a vme, wherein vpr is the root of petiole, vme is the tie point of petiole and blade, and the quantity of the point (as vp1 and vp2) between vpr and vme is not fixed, and freely can arrange according to the morphological feature of the true leaf petiole of different plant.Blade master pulse line is made up of some vme, vm1, vm2, a vmt, and wherein vmt is blade tip point, and the quantity of the point (as vm1 and vm2) between vme and vmt is not fixed, and freely can arrange according to the morphological feature of different plant leaf master pulse.Blade left hand edge line is made up of some vme, vel1, vel2, vel3, vel4, a vmt, point between vme and vmt (do not fix by the quantity as vel1, vel2, vel3, vel4, freely can arrange according to the morphological feature of the true leaf edges of different plant, the edge contour of different shape can be constructed by the method increasing or reduce a little.In like manner, blade right hand edge line is made up of some vme, ver1, ver2, ver3, ver4, a vmt, the quantity of the point (as ver1, ver2, ver3, ver4) between vme and vmt is not fixed, and freely can arrange according to the morphological feature of the true leaf edges of different plant.
The point forming leaf skeleton is called unique point, skeletal extraction can be utilized automatically to extract from the digital image of method real plants leaf and obtain, also can be obtained by the method such as layout design or Parametric designing.The mode that also can be dragged alternately by mouse in three dimensions moves reference mark, designs the leaf skeleton of different spaces attitude.
S2. petiole mess generation.Be used for generating the 3D grid of petiole, comprise the steps:
S21: rugosity change design.Definition petiole from root to petiole with the variation tendency of the rugosity (radius) of blade point of crossing.Concrete grammar is defined by B-spline curves in X0Y plane, and as shown in Figure 3A, Pb, Pt are two end points of B-spline curves, and all in X0Y plane, its mid point Pb is in X-axis, and user can drag a Pb and move left and right in the positive dirction of X-axis; Point Pt be parallel to X-axis and distance X-axis 1cm straight line on, user also can drag Pt and move left and right in the positive dirction of this straight line.User also can insert several points between Pb and Pt, thus constructs the B-spline curves of different attitude.As Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C.
S22: cross section shapes designs.The xsect attitude of definition petiole.Concrete grammar is defined by closed B-spline curves in X0Y plane, as shown in Figure 4 A.This SPL acquiescence be centered by initial point, the radius circle that is 1cm, Pw, Pe, Ps, Pn are curve four reference mark crossing with X-axis and Y-axis, all in X0Y plane, its mid point Pw and Pe is respectively in the negative direction and positive dirction of X-axis, and point Ps and Pn is respectively in the negative direction and positive dirction of Y-axis.User can drag above four reference mark in the movement arbitrarily of X0Y plane, also can insert several points between Pw and Pe, Ps and Pn, thus construct the B-spline curves of different attitude.As Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C.
S23: generate petiole 3D grid.According to the petiole skeleton line of step S1 definition, the rugosity change B-spline curves defined to the radius at top by S21 from petiole root are determined, namely on these B-spline curves often some vertical range to Y-axis as the radius on petiole correspondence position.Meanwhile, when carrying out cross-sectional data dot generation, determine r after the radius of this position, the closed B-spline curves defined by S22 carry out the generation of data point.Namely according to xsect stress and strain model number equidistant point getting corresponding number from closed B-spline curves of user's input, the distance × r putting initial point with these calculates the coordinate of each data point on this position xsect.
S3. master pulse mess generation.According to the blade master pulse line of step S1 definition, the radius of its middle and lower part (blade and petiole point of crossing) is petiole top radius, and top (blade tip) radius is 0, and the radius in other places linearly reduces from bottom toward top.
S4. blade mess generation.Comprise:
S41: face of blade mess generation.First blade master pulse top unique point is generated from the unique point of the blade master pulse line of S1 structure, as shown in Figure 5, point vmea, vma1, vma2 are and generate from the unique point vme the blade master pulse line shown in Fig. 2, vm1, vm2 respectively, vmea_x, vmea_y, vmea_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vmea, then
vmea_z=vme_z+pr/2。Wherein pr is the petiole top radius that the petiole rugosity change curve defined by S21 calculates, and vme_z is the z coordinate component value of a vme.The value of vmea_x with vmea_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vme.
Vma1_x, vma1_y, vma1_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vma1, then
Vma1_z=vm1_z+pr/2 × (2/3), wherein vm1_z is the z coordinate component value of a vm1.And the value of vma1_x with vma1_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vm1.
In like manner, vma2_x, vma2_y, vma2_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vma2, then
Vma2_z=vm2_z+pr/2 × (1/3), vm2_z is the z coordinate component value of a vm2.And the value of vma2_x with vma2_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vm2.
Then, to the blade left hand edge line defined with S1 and the above left area calculating the curve composition vane tip that blade master pulse top unique point is formed, mess generation is carried out by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.In like manner, adopt identical method to carry out mess generation to the right area of vane tip, the positive surface grids of blade can be generated.
S42: vacuum side of blade mess generation.First blade master pulse bottom characteristic point is generated from the unique point of the blade master pulse line of S1 structure, as shown in Figure 5, point vmeb, vmb1, vmb2 are and generate from the unique point vme the blade master pulse line shown in Fig. 2, vm1, vm2 respectively, vmeb_x, vmeb_y, vmeb_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vmeb, then
vmeb_z=vme_z-pr/2。Wherein vme_z is the z coordinate component value of a vme.The value of vmeb_x with vmeb_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vme.
Vmb1_x, vmb1_y, vmb1_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vmb1, then
Vmb1_z=vm1_z-pr/2 × (2/3), wherein vm1_z is the z coordinate component value of a vm1.And the value of vmb1_x with vmb1_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vm1.
In like manner, vmb2_x, vmb2_y, vmb2_z is made to be respectively the x, y, z coordinate components value of a vmb2, then
Vmb2_z=vm2_z-pr/2 × (1/3), vm2_z is the z coordinate component value of a vm2.And the value of vmb2_x with vmb2_y is identical with y coordinate components value with the x coordinate of some vm2.
Then, to the blade left hand edge line defined with S1 and the above left area calculating the curve composition blade bottom that blade master pulse bottom characteristic point is formed, mess generation is carried out by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.In like manner, adopt identical method to carry out mess generation to the right area of blade bottom, the positive surface grids of blade can be generated.
Above-mentioned steps is by the skeleton structure of a small amount of reference mark definition leaf, and by B-spline curves, the rugosity change of petiole and xsect change are designed, user can pass through the morphosis of the method flexibly editing leaf of mouse drag or other mode change control point positions, consider the thickness information of blade when generating blade grid surface, thus make more careful, the more high-precision plant leaf three-dimensional model of structure become possibility.
Uniting and the generation on a model by blade and petiole in said method, is carried out the design of the change of petiole rugosity and cross section shapes, can construct more careful plant petiole three-dimensional model more true to nature by SPL.And consider the thickness information of blade, generate positive surface grids and the back side grid of blade, other users can carry out positive Face Map and back side pinup picture on this basis simultaneously.User is by the quantity of state modulator grid in addition.
Test with the leaf skeleton shown in Fig. 2.The petiole roughness curve defined by Fig. 3 B, and the petiole cross section shapes curve that Fig. 4 A defines, obtain the three-dimensional grid model shown in Fig. 6 A, wherein the longitudinal network of petiole is formatted, and optimum configurations is 18, xsect gridding optimum configurations is 6.Fig. 6 B is then the iso-surface patch display result of this model.The petiole roughness curve defined by Fig. 3 C, and the petiole cross section shapes curve that Fig. 4 B defines, obtain the grid model shown in Fig. 6 C.And by the petiole roughness curve that Fig. 3 C defines, and the petiole cross section shapes curve that Fig. 4 C defines, obtain the grid model shown in Fig. 6 D.Fig. 6 E is then the iso-surface patch display result of this model.
Wherein, Fig. 3 A represents petiole rugosity change curve domatic, it is Pear-Shaped that Fig. 3 B represents petiole rugosity change curve, it is back taper that Fig. 3 C represents petiole rugosity change curve, Fig. 4 A represents petiole cross section shapes curve for circular, Fig. 4 B represents petiole cross section shapes curve for oval, and it is groove type that Fig. 4 C represents petiole cross section shapes curve.
Fig. 7 shows the structural representation of the modeling of the plant leaf three-dimensional model that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and as shown in Figure 7, this system comprises:
First generation module 71, for the leaf skeleton according to different spaces attitude, constructs rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generates the mesh surface model of described petiole;
Second generation module 72, for the rugosity change curve according to described petiole, obtains the top radius of petiole, and generates the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
3rd generation module 73, for generating the mesh surface model of described blade according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, described first generation module 71, specifically for:
Rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton is constructed by B-spline curves.
Described second generation module 72, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described petiole and the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse is generated by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
Described 3rd generation module 73, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described blade is generated by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.
Said method in the present invention and said system are one to one, and the above-mentioned embodiment to method is also applicable to this system, and the present embodiment is not described in detail to said system.

Claims (10)

1. a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling method, is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the leaf skeleton of different spaces attitude, construct rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generate the mesh surface model of described petiole;
According to the rugosity change curve of described petiole, obtain the top radius of petiole, and generate the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
The mesh surface model of described blade is generated according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is constructed rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton by B-spline curves.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, generates the mesh surface model of described petiole and the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is generated the mesh surface model of described blade by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mesh surface model of described blade comprises the mesh surface model at described face of blade and the back side.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described fringe region according to described leaf skeleton Leaf and generate the mesh surface model of described blade according to the top radius of described petiole, comprising:
Obtain the top unique point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf and the top unique point of described blade master pulse, generate the grid surface of described face of blade;
Accordingly, obtain the bottom characteristic point of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole, and according to the fringe region of described leaf skeleton Leaf and the bottom characteristic dot generation of described blade master pulse the grid surface of vacuum side of blade.
7. a plant leaf three-dimensional model modeling, is characterized in that, comprising:
First generation module, for the leaf skeleton according to different spaces attitude, constructs rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton, generates the mesh surface model of described petiole;
Second generation module, for the rugosity change curve according to described petiole, obtains the top radius of petiole, and generates the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse according to the top radius of described petiole;
3rd generation module, for generating the mesh surface model of described blade according to the described fringe region of leaf skeleton Leaf and the top radius of described petiole.
8. system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described first generation module, specifically for:
Rugosity change curve and the xsect attitude of petiole in described leaf skeleton is constructed by B-spline curves.
9. system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described second generation module, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described petiole and the mesh surface model of described blade master pulse is generated by axle skeleton organ gridding method.
10. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described 3rd generation module, specifically for:
The mesh surface model of described blade is generated by Delaunay Triangulation Algorithm.
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