CN104850701A - Geometric graphing method for graphing vertical stadia envelope curves of concave vertical curves - Google Patents
Geometric graphing method for graphing vertical stadia envelope curves of concave vertical curves Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a geometric graphing method for graphing vertical stadia envelope curves of concave vertical curves. The geometric graphing method comprises: summarizing completed longitudinal-section results; obtaining an eye-height line and an object-height line; selecting a stake mark of a start point; according to the Code for Design of Urban Road Engineering, deviating a perpendicular line of the stake mark of the start point from a first intersection point according to a set stadia length, enabling the deviated perpendicular line to intersect with the object-height line to obtain a second intersection point; connecting the first intersection point with the second intersection point through a straight line segment, wherein the straight line segment is a traveling stadia line of the stake mark of the start point; successively obtaining the stadia line corresponding to each set of stake marks according to precision requirements; graphing the stadia enveloping curve; and inserting a control object of the corresponding proportion according to the designed stake marks to visually reflect whether the control object shields the traveling stadia line. The geometric graphing method provided by the present invention is high in operability and applicability. The longitudinal sections of all positions under different traffic organization manners are precisely controlled, so that the engineering design is more flexible, convenient and economic, which is favorable for the popularization and the application of graphing stadia enveloping diagrams as an engineering design method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of geometric construction method of sighting distance envelope.Particularly relate to a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve.
Background technology
Sighting distance is the significant design index ensureing highway driving safety, is one of highway engineering construction standard compulsory index.Driver takes to decision the shortest running distance that in the section during this period of time of certain measure, automobile travels along road surface from discovery barrier, is called sighting distance.Therefore, should there be enough sighting distances in each track of Highways ', makes driver can discover potential danger in time, and makes correct response, ensures traffic safety.Sighting distance Safety Evaluation Technology is the important component part of road safety safeguards technique, that formally sighting distance agricultural geology is carried out to the Highway Project, traffic engineering project or any engineering project relevant with highway user that are in design, construction and operation, to find a kind of safeguard technology of the not enough section of sighting distance that project is potential and the potential safety hazard that elimination causes thus.
Driving sight distance can be divided into stopping sight distance, meeting sighting distance, passing sight distance.In order to ensure traffic safety, driver should be made to see the pavement of road of front certain distance, Timeliness coverage road surface to have barrier or subtend send a car, making automobile can brake in time or dodge under certain speed of a motor vehicle, thus avoiding accident.
The conventional method of driving sight distance inspection mainly contains maximum T. minor computing method and geometrograph (drawing sighting distance envelope diagram) etc., these methods are simple and practical, whether the former can check a certain position plane sighting distance on curve to meet the demands, and the latter can determine the upper scope affecting sighting distance of horizontal curve (or vertical curve) more accurately.Not only maximum T. minor can be determined by geometrograph, the T. minor of any pile No. on any horizontal curve can also be determined, and analytical method the maximum T. minor of circular curve can only be determined, therefore, more has superiority from general applicability geometrograph.Domesticly substantially adopt above two kinds of methods for the sight distance checking method on horizontal curve, theoretical foundation is comparatively ripe.And for vertical curve, whether the sight distance checking especially on the clover leaf vertical sag curve of underpass type, not only will check transverse to line of sight to meet the demands, also should check the requirement that can its headroom meet driving sight distance, for the inspection of longitudinal sighting distance, do not provide the comparatively effective method of inspection of one yet.
At present, specification not yet provides clear and definite computing formula to the inspection of vertical driving sight distance, and relevant scholar, also to this has been research, still can not obtain the analytic solution of vertical driving sight distance.Main cause is, the high trajectory of eye, object height trajectory, design vertical section line are three independently curves.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, thering is provided a kind of can check the overbridge on vertical sag curve whether to affect driving sight distance in the vertical, eliminate the potential safety hazard caused thus, improve the geometric construction method of the vertical sighting distance envelope of drafting vertical sag curve of traffic safety.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve, comprises the steps:
1) the vertical section achievement designed is arranged: arrange the vertical section achievement will carrying out the vertical sag curve of sight distance checking, comprise the gradient, length of grade and radius of vertical curve;
2) obtain the high line of eye and object height line: along highway layout line, draw out the high line of eye and object height line respectively according to regulation in " urban road engineering design specifications ";
3) choose starting point pile No., meet at the high line of eye at starting point pile No. place as vertical line, obtain the first intersection point (PT1);
4) according to " urban road engineering design specifications " requirement, the vertical line of the initial pile No. of sighting distance length offset of setting is pressed from the first intersection point (PT1), crossing with object height line, obtain the second intersection point (PT2);
5) straight-line segment connects the first intersection point (PT1) and the second intersection point (PT2), and described straight-line segment is the driving sight distance line of starting point pile No.;
6) try to achieve by accuracy requirement the stadia hairs that often group pile No. is corresponding successively: by the step-length of accuracy requirement setting, make other sight line starting point by set step-length from vertical sag curve starting point pile No., then the sighting distance value S specified according to " urban road engineering design specifications " makes the intersection point of each sight line starting point and object height line, draws the stadia hairs that each group of pile No. is corresponding;
7) sighting distance envelope is drawn: draw a curve tangent with each stadia hairs, described curve is sighting distance envelope;
8) the control thing inserting corresponding ratio in Design stake number reflects whether control thing blocks driving sight distance line intuitively.
Step 1) in arrange designed vertical section achievement time, when vertical section achievement is manual plotting, vertical section achievement is 1:1 is arranged by plane, vertical section.
Step 2) described in " urban road engineering design specifications " in regulation: checking computations sighting distance time object height be defined as 0.1m, eye is high is defined as 1.2m to convex vertical curve, is defined as 1.9m to vertical sag curve; The eye of lorry stopping sight distance is high is defined as 2.0m, and object height is defined as 0.1m.
Step 4) in, if when on driveway, the vehicle of Facing Movement has meeting possible, should adopt meeting sighting distance, meeting sighting distance is 2 times of stopping sight distance, to the road based on freight traffic, should check the stopping sight distance of lower slope section lorry.
The geometric construction method of the vertical sighting distance envelope of drafting vertical sag curve of the present invention, has following technique effect:
1, the present invention is by drawing the high trajectory of eye, the object height trajectory of vertical sag curve respectively and designing vertical section, choose suitable stopping sight distance, obtain the sighting distance envelope diagram of vertical sag curve, vertical sag curve for OCS under bridge is checked its head room whether to meet driving sight distance and is provided a kind of technological means, and method is workable, there is stronger applicability.
2, by the drafting of sighting distance envelope diagram, can intuitively, exactly assess the vertical sag curve sighting distance security of the OCS under bridge of current design, by under different traffic organization method, accurate vertical section control is carried out in each position, make engineering design have more dirigibility, convenience and economy, be beneficial to drafting sighting distance envelope diagram promoting the use as engineering design method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical sighting distance structural drawing of vertical sag curve;
In figure, 1: driving sight line; 2: bridge line; 3: design road surface line; 4: driving sight distance S
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 1 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 2 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 3 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 4 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 5 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 6 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 7 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that the present invention draws the geometric construction method step 8 of the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve of the present invention, can manual drawing, or with mapping softwares such as CAD, method is simple and practical.Sighting distance envelope diagram be exactly in driver's viewpoint trajectory each certain intervals draw a series of stadia hairs, the outer edge line that stadia hairs mutually intersects and formed is as the method for the boundary of removing obstacles.The present invention can be used for inspection OCS under bridge vertical sag curve in the vertical sighting distance whether meet the demands.Specifically comprise the steps:
1) the vertical section achievement designed is arranged: arrange the vertical section achievement will carrying out the vertical sag curve of sight distance checking, comprise the gradient, length of grade and radius of vertical curve, when arranging the vertical section achievement designed, when vertical section achievement is manual plotting, vertical section achievement is 1:1 is arranged by plane, vertical section;
As shown in Figure 2, this vertical section has two sections of vertical curves, and first paragraph parameter is: R=1500, T=32.879, and front length of grade is 193.3m, and the gradient is-3.5%, and rear length of grade is 184m, and the gradient is 0.88%; Second segment parameter is: R=2000, T=29.161, and rear length of grade is 156m, and the gradient is 3.8%.
2) the high line of eye and object height line is obtained: along highway layout line, the high line of eye and object height line is drawn out respectively according to regulation in " urban road engineering design specifications ", regulation in described " urban road engineering design specifications ": during checking computations sighting distance, object height is defined as 0.1m, eye is high is defined as 1.2m to convex vertical curve, is defined as 1.9m to vertical sag curve; The eye of lorry stopping sight distance is high is defined as 2.0m, and object height is defined as 0.1m, as shown in Figure 3;
3) choose starting point pile No., meet at the high line of eye at starting point pile No. place as vertical line, obtain the first intersection point PT1, the present embodiment chooses K0+500 place for starting point, makes vertical line, finds the intersection point PT1 of the high line with eye, as shown in Figure 4;
4) according to " urban road engineering design specifications " requirement, the vertical line of the initial pile No. of sighting distance length offset of setting is pressed from the first intersection point PT1, crossing with object height line, obtain the second intersection point PT2.Here because the horizontal range of two pile No. and actual sighting distance length very nearly the same, therefore can replace actual sighting distance length by the horizontal range between two pile No., mapping operation can be made convenient, also meet accuracy requirement, as shown in Figure 5.
In designing of city road, mainly consider stopping sight distance.If when on driveway, the vehicle of Facing Movement has meeting possible, should adopt meeting sighting distance, meeting sighting distance is 2 times of stopping sight distance, enters following table 1 under different designs speed to the requirement of stopping sight distance:
Table 1 stopping sight distance
To the road based on freight traffic, the stopping sight distance of lower slope section lorry should be checked.The stopping sight distance of lower slope section lorry should not be less than the setting of table 2.
Table 2 lower slope section lorry stopping sight distance
5) straight-line segment connects the first intersection point PT1 and the second intersection point PT2, and described straight-line segment is the driving sight distance line of starting point pile No., as shown in Figure 6.
6) try to achieve by accuracy requirement the stadia hairs that often group pile No. is corresponding successively: (usual step-length is less for the step-length set by accuracy requirement, precision is higher), make other sight line starting point by set step-length from vertical sag curve starting point pile No., then the sighting distance value S specified according to " urban road engineering design specifications " makes the intersection point of each sight line starting point and object height line, draws the stadia hairs that each group of pile No. is corresponding;
The present embodiment is with 10m pile No. for its driving sight line of precision work, and repeat previous step mapping process, obtain the driving sight distance line of whole vertical sag curve section each point, each stadia hairs intersects mutually, as shown in Figure 7
7) sighting distance envelope is drawn: draw a curve tangent with each stadia hairs, described curve is sighting distance envelope, the described concrete technique of painting of sighting distance envelope is, with each sight distance at intersection line of drawing curve inscribe, draw the inscribe curve (envelope) of stadia hairs, be depicted as sighting distance envelope diagram, as shown in Figure 8;
8) the control thing (as bridge, overline bridge etc.) inserting corresponding ratio in Design stake number reflects whether control thing blocks driving sight distance line intuitively, as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (4)
1. draw a geometric construction method for the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) the vertical section achievement designed is arranged: arrange the vertical section achievement will carrying out the vertical sag curve of sight distance checking, comprise the gradient, length of grade and radius of vertical curve;
2) obtain the high line of eye and object height line: along highway layout line, draw out the high line of eye and object height line respectively according to regulation in " urban road engineering design specifications ";
3) choose starting point pile No., meet at the high line of eye at starting point pile No. place as vertical line, obtain the first intersection point (PT1);
4) according to " urban road engineering design specifications " requirement, the vertical line of the initial pile No. of sighting distance length offset of setting is pressed from the first intersection point (PT1), crossing with object height line, obtain the second intersection point (PT2);
5) straight-line segment connects the first intersection point (PT1) and the second intersection point (PT2), and described straight-line segment is the driving sight distance line of starting point pile No.;
6) try to achieve by accuracy requirement the stadia hairs that often group pile No. is corresponding successively: by the step-length of accuracy requirement setting, make other sight line starting point by set step-length from vertical sag curve starting point pile No., then the sighting distance value S specified according to " urban road engineering design specifications " makes the intersection point of each sight line starting point and object height line, draws the stadia hairs that each group of pile No. is corresponding;
7) sighting distance envelope is drawn: draw a curve tangent with each stadia hairs, described curve is sighting distance envelope;
8) the control thing inserting corresponding ratio in Design stake number reflects whether control thing blocks driving sight distance line intuitively.
2. a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 1) in arrange designed vertical section achievement time, when vertical section achievement is manual plotting, vertical section achievement is 1:1 is arranged by plane, vertical section.
3. a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2) described in " urban road engineering design specifications " in regulation: checking computations sighting distance time object height be defined as 0.1m, eye is high is defined as 1.2m to convex vertical curve, is defined as 1.9m to vertical sag curve; The eye of lorry stopping sight distance is high is defined as 2.0m, and object height is defined as 0.1m.
4. a kind of geometric construction method of drawing the vertical sighting distance envelope of vertical sag curve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 4) in, if when on driveway, the vehicle of Facing Movement has meeting possible, meeting sighting distance should be adopted, meeting sighting distance is 2 times of stopping sight distance, to the road based on freight traffic, should check the stopping sight distance of lower slope section lorry.
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| CN108959703A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | A kind of Impacts Evaluation of Urban Tunnel three-dimensional stopping sight distance Method for Checking |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106875456A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-20 | 天津市市政工程设计研究院 | A kind of plane sighting distance analysis method based on AutoCAD |
| CN106898032A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-27 | 天津市市政工程设计研究院 | A kind of vertical sighting distance analysis method based on AutoCAD |
| CN107121115A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-01 | 郑州大学 | The method for determining road circular curve radius and driving sight distance based on GPS motion cameras data |
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| CN108959703A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | A kind of Impacts Evaluation of Urban Tunnel three-dimensional stopping sight distance Method for Checking |
| CN108959703B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2022-08-23 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Three-dimensional parking sight distance checking calculation method for urban underground road |
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