CN104842274A - Cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer for superhard abrasive grinding wheel - Google Patents
Cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer for superhard abrasive grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104842274A CN104842274A CN201510179095.2A CN201510179095A CN104842274A CN 104842274 A CN104842274 A CN 104842274A CN 201510179095 A CN201510179095 A CN 201510179095A CN 104842274 A CN104842274 A CN 104842274A
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- emery wheel
- wheel
- electric spark
- grinding wheel
- trimmer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
Abstract
The invention discloses a cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer for a superhard abrasive grinding wheel. The cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer comprises the grinding wheel, a hollow spindle, a conducting slip ring and a motor. The grinding wheel is connected with the hollow spindle, and the conducting slip ring is fixed into the hollow spindle. In shaping, the grinding wheel is fixedly arranged on a fixing disc located at one end of the hollow spindle and used for shaping a target object. After shaping is completed, in sharpening, the abrasive wheel is replaced by a red copper electrode, and the red copper electrode is connected with the conducting slip ring and conducts electric spark trimming on the target object. The motor is connected with the hollow spindle and drives the hollow spindle to rotate. The cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer integrates a cup grinding wheel trimming method and an electric spark trimming method, and overcomes the defects that shaping and sharpening can not be conducted at the same time in a common trimming method and abrasive particles are passivated after trimming. The trimmer is provided with a pipe screw hole, and the pipe screw hole is connected with a quick coupling. Air is led to the trimmer through an M6 air pipe in work, and the blowing and cooling effect and the waterproof effect are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crushing field, especially a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer.
Background technology
Diamond and cubic boron nitride (CBN) emery wheel are referred to as super-abrasive grinding wheel.Skive is suitable for that grinding is hard, crisp, the nonmetallic materials of the high rigidity such as non-ferrous metal and carbide alloy, optical glass, pottery, jewel, high fragility.Super-abrasive grinding wheel dressing technique is the frontier of dressing technique, dressing technique is developed so far, the series family of oneself formation abundant species of dressing tool, many new dressing tools are high-tech products, the development of dressing technique is tending towards high-precision, efficient and automation, brings new problem to the finishing of super-abrasive grinding wheel.
Finishing mode conventional at present has diamond pen dressing method, diamond roller trimming method, ELID dressing method etc.But this several mode all cannot obtain good finishing effect.Such as: diamond pen and diamond roller method cannot be repaiied type dressing and be carried out simultaneously, after finishing, emery wheel is not sharp, and ELID dressing method equipment is complicated, is only applicable to metal bonded wheel, and poor for major diameter Dressing Efficiency of Diamond Grinding.
(1) cup emery wheel dressing method.
Be directed to above problem, the village department gram male professor of Japan proposes the method for carrying out correction of the flank shape with the plain wheel of GC or WA as the instrument of practicing Buddhism or Taoism.Because the emery wheel used is cup-shaped, therefore be referred to as cup-shaped dressing method.
Cup emery wheel dressing method repairs adamantine mechanism, and the abrasive particle mainly split away off from cup emery wheel in dressing process is to the impact of diamond abrasive grain and bonding agent bridge and abrasive action thus produce finishing effect.GC Wheel hardness is lower, and the Abrasive Particle Size split away off is larger, and finishing is than higher, but skive surface cut sword density is lower.
The advantage of cup-shaped dressing method finishing:
1. this dependence comes off abrasive material in the abrasive action of skive from GC cup emery wheel, when therefore using it to repair density skive, not only can shaping, and dressing simultaneously.And concerning leachy (bonding agent loose type) Technique of Vitrified Diamond Wheels, this undoubtedly correcting mechanism and effect are also very good.
2. when normal diamond pen or diamond roller traverse feed finishing super hard abrasive parallel grinding wheel, because its bus of abrasive action can become oblique line or convexity, this dressing technique adopts incision method of shipment, do not have freeing wheel to be parallel to the motion of emery wheel bus, therefore the emery wheel that can not make to be rested and reorganized because wearing and tearing cause produce bus tilts.
(2) the general principle of electric spark shaving is that Metal Substrate super-abrasive grinding wheel is as positive pole, self-made tool electrode is as negative electrode, make to be full of dielectric between emery wheel and tool-electrode, when gap between emery wheel and tool-electrode is less than discharging gap, produce spark discharge, between emery wheel and electrode, form discharge channel, spark discharge releases a large amount of heats, form an instant therm source and act on emery wheel and electrode surface, electrode and grinding wheel bond high temperature melting are even gasified.
Diamond abrasive grain comes out effectively, thus reaches the object of shaping and dressing.Due to diamond and cubic boron nitride superhard abrasive particle non-conductive, so electric discharge only can produce between grinding wheel bond and tool-electrode, be conducive to the protection to super-hard abrasive.Thick truing phase strengthens spark discharge parameter can make diamond abrasive grain carbonization, thus removal grinding wheel eccentricity amount carries out shaping; Little discharge parameter can make bonding agent material remove, and makes diamond abrasive grain give prominence to wheel face, makes emery wheel become sharp.
The advantage of electric spark shaving method:
1. can carry out in place, restoring on line, be easy to the grinding accuracy ensureing emery wheel;
2. the emery wheel after finishing is sharp keen, and grinding force is little;
What 3. can realize formed grinding wheel easily is quick, and high accuracy is repaired;
4. compare with contact, electric spark shaving adopts contactless finishing mode, avoids and directly contacts with super hard abrasive, protect trimming device, and can by regulating discharge parameter selective removal bonding agent and abrasive material.
But also do not have a kind of trimming device can integrate the advantage of cup emery wheel dressing method and electric spark shaving method at present, solving type of the repairing dressing that common finishing mode causes cannot carry out, and the problem of abrasive particle passivation after finishing simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer, this device is a kind of trimming device combining cup emery wheel dressing method and electric spark shaving, overcome type of the repairing dressing that common finishing mode causes cannot carry out simultaneously, and the problem of abrasive particle passivation after finishing.
In order to solve above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer, comprise emery wheel, hollow main shaft, conducting slip ring and motor, wherein, emery wheel is connected with hollow main shaft, and described conducting slip ring is fixed on hollow main shaft inside; When needs use cup emery wheel finishing, described emery wheel is arranged on the fixed disk being fixed on described hollow main shaft end, type and dressing are repaiied to object; When needs use electric spark shaving, cup emery wheel red copper electrode is replaced, and described red copper electrode is connected with conducting slip ring, electric spark shaving is carried out to object; Described motor is connected with described hollow main shaft, drives hollow main shaft to rotate.
Preferably, described emery wheel is cup emery wheel.
Preferably, described emery wheel is the cup emery wheel with staged external diameter, comprise big circumference section and small circumference section two parts, the surface of the big circumference section of described cup emery wheel is for repairing the external peripheral surface of object, and the side of the big circumference section of described cup emery wheel is for repairing the end face of object.
Preferably, the semidiameter of the radius and small circumference section described in the big circumference section of the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter is 5 ~ 10mm.
Preferably, described in there is the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter total height be 15 ~ 20mm, and the height of great circle shell of column is less than the wall thickness of object.
Preferably, described conducting slip ring is mercury slip ring.
Preferably, described trimmer is also provided with the gas thread hole for installing ventilation duct.
Preferably, described motor by be arranged at hollow main shaft end large belt wheel, be arranged at the small pulley on motor output shaft and connect large belt wheel and be connected with the belt of small pulley.
Preferably, the diameter of described large belt wheel and small pulley is than being 2:1.
Preferably, described hollow main shaft is arranged on trimmer shell by bearing.
Preferably, described bearing is P4 level precision bearing.
Preferably, described motor is direct current generator.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
1, this compound trimmer is a kind of compound trimmer combining cup emery wheel dressing method and electric spark shaving, make on same trimmer, correction and the electric spark shaving of cup emery wheel can be realized simultaneously, overcome type of the repairing dressing that common finishing mode causes cannot carry out simultaneously, and the problem of abrasive particle passivation after finishing, improve finishing ability.
2, the cup-shaped freeing wheel with staged external diameter is used at this device, the external peripheral surface of super-abrasive grinding wheel can be repaired, super-abrasive grinding wheel side can be repaired again, grinding force can be reduced, improve dressing accuracy, in addition by being optimized design to the structure of cup-shaped freeing wheel and size with staged external diameter, making Dressing Force more even, further increasing dressing accuracy.
3, this trimmer leaves gas thread hole, the snap joint of adapter screw thread, and during work, the tracheae of M6 is internally ventilated, and reaches the effect blowing afloat cooling waterproof.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the correcting device structural representation containing compound trimmer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of compound trimmer of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of emery wheel contour detecting platform.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of control system;
Fig. 5 is Z axis feed accuracy figure;
Fig. 6 is the motion schematic diagram adopting staged external diameter freeing wheel finishing super-abrasive grinding wheel end face;
Fig. 7 is staged external diameter freeing wheel;
Wherein, 1, second motor, 2, matrix, 3, first motor, 4, base, 5, trimmer, 6, leading screw, 7, shell, 8, carbon plate, 9, compact heap, 10, housing screw, 11, voussoir, 12, cup emery wheel, 12-1, the big circumference section of cup emery wheel, 12-2, the small circumference section of cup emery wheel, 13, sealing ring, 14, end cap, 15, bearing collar, 16, cylindrical shell, 17, bearing, 18, locking nut, 19, hollow main shaft, 20, mercury slip ring, 21, large belt wheel, 22, belt, 23, small pulley, 24, 3rd motor base, 25, 3rd motor, 26, emery wheel contour detecting platform, 27, PLC, 28, the super-abrasive grinding wheel be trimmed.
Detailed description of the invention
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, a kind of peripheral milling super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimming device, comprises base 4, Y-axis feed mechanism, Z axis feed mechanism, trimmer 5, emery wheel contour detecting platform 26 and control system; Wherein, described Z axis feed mechanism is arranged on the top of described base 4, Y-axis feed mechanism is arranged on the top of Z axis feed mechanism, described trimmer 5 and emery wheel contour detecting platform 26 are installed on Y-axis feed mechanism, emery wheel contour detecting platform 26 is arranged on the side of trimmer 5, and described control system is connected with Z axis feed mechanism, Y-axis feed mechanism and trimmer 5 respectively; Described trimmer 5 is cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer.
As shown in Figure 2, described cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer comprises cup emery wheel 12, the hollow main shaft 19 rotated for making cup emery wheel 12 and be fixed on the conducting slip ring 20 of hollow main shaft 19 inside, be arranged on the large belt wheel 21 of hollow main shaft 19 end, 3rd motor 25, be arranged on the small pulley 23 on the 3rd motor 24 output shaft and the 3rd motor base 24 for fixing the 3rd motor 25, small pulley 23 is connected with large belt wheel 21 by belt 22, hollow main shaft 19 is fixed on cylindrical shell 16 by bearing 17, hollow main shaft 19 is by end cap 14, bearing collar 15, locking nut 18 and sealing ring 13 clamp sealing, in addition, bearing collar 15 can also play the effect regulating pretightning force.Conducting slip ring is fixed on hollow main shaft inside, and upper end is fixed, and is connected with truing electrode or the freeing wheel that conducts electricity by wire;
Conducting slip ring 20 can be mercury slip ring or electric brush type slip ring.
This trimmer is also provided with the gas thread hole for installing ventilation duct.
3rd motor 24 is direct current generator.When needs use cup emery wheel carry out machine finish time, cup emery wheel 12 be arranged on be fixed on described hollow main shaft 19 end fixed disk on, type and dressing are repaiied to object; Repair type complete, when needs use electric spark shaving, replaced by cup emery wheel 12 red copper electrode, described red copper electrode is connected with conducting slip ring 20, and electric spark shaving is carried out to object in the gap of control electrode and emery wheel.The silicon carbide abrasive emery wheel of metallic bond or electroconductive resin bonding agent can also be adopted as cup-shaped conductive freeing wheel, electric spark is carried out to object emery wheel and mechanical compound is repaired; Hollow main shaft 19 rotates under the 3rd motor 25 drives.
Be illustrated in figure 6 the motion schematic diagram adopting staged external diameter freeing wheel finishing super-abrasive grinding wheel end face, be illustrated in figure 7 staged external diameter freeing wheel, emery wheel of the present invention can for having the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter as seen from the figure, comprise big circumference section 12-1 and small circumference section 12-2 two parts, wherein the surperficial a of the big circumference section 12-1 of cup emery wheel is for repairing the external peripheral surface of object 28, and the side b of the big circumference section 12-1 of cup emery wheel is for repairing the end face of object 28.
The semidiameter of the radius and small circumference section with the big circumference section of the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter is 5 ~ 10mm.
The total height with the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter is 15 ~ 20mm, and the height of great circle shell of column is less than the wall thickness of object.
Z axis feed mechanism comprises the first motor 3 and the first screw pair.First motor 3 drives the first screw pair to seesaw.Described Y-axis feed mechanism comprises the second motor 1 and the second screw pair.Second motor 1 drives feed screw nut to move up and down along leading screw 6.
As shown in Figure 3, emery wheel contour detecting platform 26 comprises shell 7, hold down gag and manifolding apparatus, and hold down gag and manifolding apparatus are positioned at the inside of shell 1, are fixed by manifolding apparatus by hold down gag.Wherein, manifolding apparatus is carbon plate 8, and hold down gag comprises compact heap 9, housing screw 10 and voussoir 11, and compact heap 9 is connected with housing screw 10, and the inclined-plane of voussoir 11 contacts with compact heap 9, and the tiltedly aspectant vertical plane of voussoir 11 contacts with described carbon plate 8.Control the clamping of carbon plate 8 by the direction of motion controlling housing screw 10 and loosen.
As shown in Figure 4, described control system is PLC27, and control system is connected with the first motor 3, second motor 1 and the 3rd motor 25 respectively, to control their operation.
Complete the finishing of skive, a set of perfect conditioning system is necessary.According to the concrete condition of cylindrical grinder, we select a whole set of conditioning system to be arranged on guideway of grinding machine, and can adjust position along guide rail.The motion of repairing skive process trims device 5 due to trimmer 5 has radial feed and tangential motion, therefore this cover conditioning system can carry out the adjustment of Y, Z both direction.Because this device has finishing in place and on-position measure, so emery wheel contour detecting platform 26 is fixed on trimmer 5, and move along Y, Z axis with trimmer 5.This system can be applicable to manually, super-abrasive grinding wheel that is automatic and numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine is repaired, and does not need to revise existing machine tool structure and system.The type being trimmed emery wheel can be the super-abrasive grinding wheel of resinoid bond, vitrified bond and metallic bond.System can repair the super hard abrasive from thick to Ultra-fine, and crushing efficiency is high.
Trimmer 5 parameter index:
(1) vertical direction (Y-axis) moves back and forth speed 1 ~ 5m/min;
(2) freeing wheel rotating speed 200 ~ 2000rpm;
(3) horizontal direction (Z axis) feeding resolution ratio is 1 μm.
Y-axis and Z axis motion can be moved and crawl again respectively continuously.Continuous motion Z axis speed 0.1 ~ 0.5m/min, Y-axis speed 0.1 ~ 2m/min.A crawl speed Z axis point third gear is respectively 1 μm, 10 μm, 100 μm, and a Y-axis point third gear is respectively 10 μm, 100 μm, 1mm.
Control system is similar to the CNC system of grinding machine.Feeding can be realized, Z axis moves back and forth.Feeding can be divided into upper feeding, the next feeding (bottom is defaulted as lower limit), dibit feeding three kinds of modes.Feeding number of times is adjustable, the amount of feeding is also adjustable.Motor steering can be divided into forward simultaneously, oppositely, commutate three kinds of modes.
Trimmer 5 can realize cup emery wheel dressing method and combine with discharge finishing method.3rd motor 24 drives small pulley 23 to rotate, and small pulley 23 drives large belt wheel 21 to rotate by belt 22, and speed reducing ratio is 1:2.Large belt wheel 21 is fixed by screws on hollow main shaft 19, is positioned clamping by locking nut 18, end cap 14 etc.Adopt P4 level precision bearing 17 as kinematic mount.Cup emery wheel 12 end face run-out within 2 μm, range of speeds 100r/min ~ 2000r/min.
For a whole set of update the system, the precision that Y-axis needs is not high, but Z axis precision prescribed is higher.So done following experiment to the feeding of Z axis: detect with Keyemce laser detecting apparatus, Z-direction has been advanced 20 steps continuously, often walks 1 μm.As shown in Figure 5, A and B represents the distance between two steps to precision curve, as being depicted as 1 μm below Fig. 5, so precision reaches designed value.
This conditioning system is also integrated with the function of electric spark shaving.Mercury slip ring 20 upper end is stuck on hollow main shaft 19, and lower end freely.Upper and lower two ends can relatively rotate, the highest support rotating speed 2000r/min.When needs electric spark shaving, be energized by conducting slip ring 20, cup emery wheel 12 replaces with red copper electrode, and red copper electrode is connected with conducting slip ring 20, just can realize discharge finishing.When cup-shaped finishing and electric spark shaving compound are repaired, emery wheel 12 can be replaced with the silicon carbide abrasive emery wheel of metallic bond or electroconductive resin bonding agent as cup-shaped conductive freeing wheel, wherein metallic bond can be copper bonding agent.
After super-abrasive grinding wheel is repaired by cup emery wheel 12, emery wheel profile, to the position of emery wheel contour detecting platform 26, is made carbon copies on the carbon plate 8 of contour detecting platform 26 by transverse shifting cup emery wheel 12.Manifolding principle: because carbon plate 8 quality is softer, so skive can by polishing to carbon plate 8, and the particle outline of skive is duplicated on carbon plate 8.
This monitor station locate mode is location, two sides (side of matrix and lower surface), and clamping mode is wedging.Turn clockwise housing screw 10, and housing screw 10 moves downward thus drives compact heap 9 to have the trend moved down.Due to the effect on inclined-plane, compact heap 9 extrudes voussoir 11 to the right, thus clamping carbon plate 8.
During finishing skive 28 outer circumference surface, skive is first allowed to rotate, then tool setting.Being rotated by the second motor 1 finds trimmer 5 in the reciprocating upper of Y-axis and bottom.The feed motion of Z axis is carried out by the first motor 3.3rd motor 25 cup emery wheel 12 rotates, contact with skive bus with cup emery wheel 12 end face, cup emery wheel 12 does tangential reciprocating motion relative to skive, and there is feeding along the radial direction of skive, there is the effect of rotating and reaching mill simultaneously when cup emery wheel 12 rotates along emery wheel generatrix direction, thus reach the object of finishing.
During finishing linear pattern end surface of diamond grinding wheel, as shown in Figure 6, the freeing wheel 12 of ladder outer diameter shape moves back and forth along direction shown in Fig. 6, is trimmed emery wheel 28 along the manual Fine Feed in direction shown in Fig. 6, reaches finishing effect by back and forth continuous and feeding.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but the restriction not to invention protection domain; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer, it is characterized in that: comprise emery wheel, hollow main shaft, conducting slip ring and motor, wherein, emery wheel is connected with hollow main shaft, and described conducting slip ring is fixed on hollow main shaft inside; When needs use cup emery wheel finishing, described emery wheel is arranged on the fixed disk being fixed on described hollow main shaft end, type and dressing are repaiied to object; When needs use electric spark shaving, cup emery wheel red copper electrode is replaced, and described red copper electrode is connected with conducting slip ring, electric spark shaving is carried out to object; Described motor is connected with described hollow main shaft, drives hollow main shaft to rotate.
2. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described emery wheel is cup emery wheel.
3. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described emery wheel is the cup emery wheel with staged external diameter, comprise big circumference section and small circumference section two parts, the surface of the big circumference section of described cup emery wheel is for repairing the external peripheral surface of object, and the side of the big circumference section of described cup emery wheel is for repairing the end face of object.
4. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in there is the big circumference section of the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter the semidiameter of radius and small circumference section be 5 ~ 10mm.
5. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in there is the cup emery wheel of staged external diameter total height be 15 ~ 20mm, and the height of great circle shell of column is less than the wall thickness of object.
6. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described conducting slip ring is mercury slip ring or electric brush type slip ring.
7. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described trimmer is also provided with the gas thread hole for installing ventilation duct.
8. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described motor by be arranged at hollow main shaft end large belt wheel, be arranged at the small pulley on motor output shaft and connect large belt wheel and be connected with the belt of small pulley.
9. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the diameter of described large belt wheel and small pulley is than being 2:1.
10. a kind of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel-electric spark compound trimmer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hollow main shaft is arranged on trimmer shell by bearing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510179095.2A CN104842274B (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | A kind of compound trimmer of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel electric spark |
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| CN201510179095.2A CN104842274B (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-15 | A kind of compound trimmer of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel electric spark |
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| CN106863154A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-20 | 河南摩西机械制造有限公司 | A kind of self radiation type iron pan polishing robot emery wheel rotating mechanism |
| CN112548858A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 西安博奥达金刚石工磨具有限公司 | Diamond roller for efficiently finishing CBN grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112548858A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 西安博奥达金刚石工磨具有限公司 | Diamond roller for efficiently finishing CBN grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112548858B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-05-03 | 西安博奥达金刚石工磨具有限公司 | Diamond roller for efficiently finishing CBN grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104842274B (en) | 2018-03-09 |
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