CN104837164B - Wireless monitor system and monitoring method based on homeostasis of load - Google Patents

Wireless monitor system and monitoring method based on homeostasis of load Download PDF

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CN104837164B
CN104837164B CN201510260072.4A CN201510260072A CN104837164B CN 104837164 B CN104837164 B CN 104837164B CN 201510260072 A CN201510260072 A CN 201510260072A CN 104837164 B CN104837164 B CN 104837164B
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node
gateway
nodes
load
gateway node
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CN104837164A (en
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姜烨
马皛源
包开阳
魏建明
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Shanghai Advanced Research Institute of CAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于负载动态平衡的无线监测系统及监测方法，所述监测系统包括监控中心、光纤、传输基站、多个网关节点、多个感应节点。感应节点可以属于一个网关节点也可以属于多个网关节点。本发明在通信前利用网关节点的负载均衡分配感应节点到相应的网关节点，在通信后利用网关节点的剩余能量和负载均衡动态分配感应节点到相应的网关节点，本发明方法与固定分簇方法相比，可以实现负载均衡、网络寿命长、通信迅速的目的。本发明在无线监测领域具有广泛的应用前景。

The invention discloses a wireless monitoring system and monitoring method based on load dynamic balance. The monitoring system includes a monitoring center, an optical fiber, a transmission base station, a plurality of gateway nodes, and a plurality of sensing nodes. A sensor node can belong to one gateway node or multiple gateway nodes. The present invention utilizes the load balance of the gateway node to distribute the sensor node to the corresponding gateway node before communication, and uses the remaining energy and load balance of the gateway node to dynamically allocate the sensor node to the corresponding gateway node after the communication. The method of the present invention and the fixed clustering method In comparison, the purpose of load balancing, long network life, and rapid communication can be achieved. The invention has wide application prospects in the field of wireless monitoring.

Description

Wireless monitor system and monitoring method based on homeostasis of load
Technical field
The invention belongs to monitoring and the communications fields of meeting an urgent need safely, more particularly to a kind of based on the wireless of homeostasis of load Monitoring system and monitoring method.
Background technique
With the fast development of wireless sensor network (WSN), which has penetrated into all trades and professions, especially one Monitoring in a little industrial parks to different situations, once emergency case occurs, an efficient monitoring system just seems especially heavy It wants.At present for the research of WSN substantially to communicate quickly, for the purpose of network life is long and at low cost.The mode master of formation Sub-clustering is then carried out according to algorithms of different, routes association between last cluster head to select monitoring node suitable cluster head first View selection optimal path forwarding information, finally realizes optimal purpose.So for the research of WSN can from the selection of cluster head, Communication lines between the formation of cluster, cluster head are carried out by this several respect.The selection of early stage cluster head has scholar to propose LEACH agreement, every wheel Communication all selects each monitoring node, one 0 to 1 random number is generated for each node, with specific threshold value It is compared, selects which node as cluster head according to result, but this method does not account for the consumption of energy, DEEC algorithm The consumption that energy is considered on the basis of LEACH plays certain effect for the extension of network life, cluster-dividing method Research is more popular at present, but is all based on overall time consideration, will not be according to practical feelings in communication process later Condition carries out balancing dynamic load again, and network performance, the selection of a more good load balance are influenced after number of communications increase Primary study is needed, the research of the Routing Protocol between cluster head is mainly according to distance, hop count etc. between cluster head dump energy, cluster head Factor forms objective function, obtains optimal solution using some algorithms, these algorithms mainly have particle swarm algorithm (PSO), heredity to calculate Method (GA), ant group algorithm etc..
Using gateway node as cluster head, during being monitored to industrial park, different gateway sections after communicating every time The dump energy and surroundings nodes of point all change to its load, if not re-starting the selection of cluster, certainly will influence The communication efficiency and network life of whole network, in order to solve the energy and load imbalance of cluster head and cluster after fixed sub-clustering Problem, monitoring system and the monitoring method for inventing a set of homeostasis of load are necessary.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on homeostasis of load Wireless monitor system and monitoring method, for solve in the prior art fix sub-clustering after the energy and load imbalance of cluster head and cluster The problem of.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of wireless monitor based on homeostasis of load System, including monitoring center, optical fiber, transmission base station, multiple gateway nodes and multiple sense nodes；
The monitoring center, which is used to receive, to be transmitted the data information come from transmission base station and handles data information；
The transmission base station includes optical fiber switch, is transmitted for receiving the information of gateway node transmission, and by optical fiber To monitoring center；
The gateway node is deployed in monitoring region, and communication radius R and primary power E are all larger than sense node, can To communicate with multiple sense nodes, the information that sense node is sent is received, information is merged and is forwarded to transmission base station；
The sense node is deployed in monitoring region, and sense node is communicated with gateway node, between sense node Without communication, the information monitored is sent corresponding gateway node, sense node root after each communication by sense node Corresponding gateway node is re-assigned to according to dump energy and the load balancing dynamic of gateway node.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the wireless monitor system of the invention based on homeostasis of load, the monitoring center Including multiple stage computers or server.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the wireless monitor system of the invention based on homeostasis of load, the gateway node It include: microprocessor, memory, wireless transceiver, sensor and power supply, wherein sensor in the gateway node, Wireless transceiver is connected with microprocessor and memory；The wireless transceiver is for sending and receiving radio magnetic wave；It is described Microprocessor and memory handle the operation of control wireless transceiver and sensor for storing received data；The electricity Source is for providing electric energy.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the wireless monitor system of the invention based on homeostasis of load, the sense node It include: microprocessor, memory, wireless transceiver, sensor and power supply, wherein sensor in the sense node, Wireless transceiver is connected with microprocessor and memory；The wireless transceiver is for sending and receiving radio magnetic wave；It is described Temperature, humidity, the gas concentration information of sensor perception ambient enviroment in sense node；The microprocessor and memory are used In the received data of storage, and handle the operation of control wireless transceiver and sensor；The power supply is for providing electric energy.
The present invention also provides a kind of wireless monitoring methods based on homeostasis of load, comprising steps of
1) M gateway node, N number of sense node and several transmission base stations are disposed according to monitoring region actual conditions；
2) gateway node periodically sends the self information including id information, and sense node receives corresponding information, The gateway section being calculated in self communication radius is carried out according to the id information of the communication radius r of itself and gateway node Point；
3) sense node send include load information self information, gateway node receives corresponding information, to information into Row fusion calculation, sense node are assigned to corresponding gateway node according to data processed result for the first time；
4) sense node monitors peripheral information, senses corresponding information, is sent to corresponding gateway node, gateway node It is forwarded to transmission base station after handling information, transmits base station for information and monitoring center, monitoring center is transmitted to by optical fiber Information is handled；
5) sense node is dynamically assigning to corresponding gateway node according to the dump energy and load capacity of gateway node；
6) repeat step 4) and 5).
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the wireless monitoring method of the invention based on homeostasis of load, step 3) include with Lower step:
3-1) sensing node and gateway node primary power are respectively EsAnd Eg, the initial load of sense node is set as W, logical Believe that radius is r, sense node receives the id information that gateway node is sent, calculate gateway node and sense node away from Different sense nodes are successively calculated at a distance from gateway node if l < r, sense node belong to the gateway node from for l, Obtain which gateway node is different sense nodes belong to；
3-2) for being pertaining only to the sense node set of gateway node a, these sense nodes are distributed to gateway node a；
3-3) calculate different sense nodes is to the total load of gateway node aWherein Ps(a) it indicates Different sense nodes belong to falling for gateway node number for the load contribution probability of gateway node a for s-th of sense node Number, 0≤Ps(a)≤1, s-th of sense node is pertaining only to P when gateway node as(a)=1, s-th of sense node is not belonging to gateway P when node as(a)=0；
3-4) successively calculate M1Total load d=(the d of a gateway node1, d2......dM1)；
3-5) sense node b compares this M1The total load of a node selects the smallest gateway node m of total load to be added；
3-6) the more total load of new gateway node m is dm=dm+W-Pb(m)*W；
3-7) update other M1The total load of -1 gateway node is dx'=dx-Px(m) * W, wherein (x=1, 2......M1)∪(x≠m)；
The corresponding distance of difference gateway node where 3-8) other sense nodes for belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare oneself D selects the corresponding gateway node of the smallest distance d to be added；
3-9) according to step 3-1)~3-8) method obtain the sense node that other belong to multiple gateway nodes and finally select The gateway node selected, until all sense nodes are assigned.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the wireless monitoring method of the invention based on homeostasis of load, step 5) include with Lower step:
5-1) dump energy after M gateway node first run communication is respectively { Eres1、Eres2、Eres3…EresM, N number of sense Node is answered, each sense node initial load is all the same, becomes a after communicating for the first times(t) (s=1,2 ... N), difference induction section Point load changes as every wheel communicates, and calculates separately different gateway node g for the residual energy of the sense node s in communication radius The ratio of amount and loadWherein (g=1,2 ... M), Ps(g) belong to for s-th of sense node The probability of gateway node g, 0≤Ps(g)≤1；
The corresponding f (g) of the more different gateway nodes of sense node a for 5-2) belonging to M1 gateway node, selects maximum f (g) corresponding gateway node h is added；
5-3) update
5-4) update remaining M1-1 gateway node(x=1, 2......M1)∪(x≠h)；
5-5) other sense nodes for belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare the f (g) of different gateway nodes where oneself, selection The corresponding gateway node of maximum f (g) is added；
5-6) according to step 5-1)~5-5) method, obtain the sense node final choice for belonging to multiple gateway nodes Gateway node, until all sense nodes are assigned.
As described above, the present invention provides a kind of wireless monitor system and monitoring method based on homeostasis of load, it is described Monitoring system includes monitoring center, optical fiber, transmission base station, multiple gateway nodes and multiple sense nodes；The monitoring center For receiving the data information transmitted from transmission base station and handling data information；The transmission base station includes optical fiber Interchanger for receiving the information of gateway node transmission, and is transferred to monitoring center by optical fiber；The gateway node is deployed in It monitors in region, communication radius R and primary power E are all larger than sense node, can communicate with multiple sense nodes, receive sense The information for answering node to send merges information and is forwarded to transmission base station；The sense node is deployed in monitoring region, Sense node is communicated with gateway node, and without communication between sense node, sense node sends the information monitored To corresponding gateway node, sense node after each communication according to dump energy and the load balancing dynamic of gateway node again It is assigned to corresponding gateway node.The invention has the following advantages:
1) present invention distributes monitoring node to accordingly using monitoring node to the load contribution of different gateway nodes for the first time Gateway node realizes network load balancing；
2) present invention in each communication according to the dump energy of gateway node and monitoring node to its load balancing angle Degree carries out redistributing monitoring node, can extend network life to greatest extent；
3) present invention is compared with fixed cluster-dividing method, due to can dynamically change the quantity of monitoring node, so that network is logical Letter efficiency is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is shown as a kind of structural schematic diagram of wireless monitor system based on homeostasis of load of the invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as a kind of flow diagram of wireless monitoring method based on homeostasis of load of the invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as a kind of distribution monitoring node for the first time of wireless monitoring method based on homeostasis of load of the invention Techniqueflow schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is shown as a kind of dynamic allocation monitoring node of wireless monitoring method based on homeostasis of load of the invention Techniqueflow schematic diagram.
Component label instructions
1 monitoring center
2 optical fiber
3 transmission base stations
4 gateway nodes
5 sense nodes
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.It should be noted that diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates this in a schematic way The basic conception of invention, only shown in schema then with related component in the present invention rather than package count when according to actual implementation Mesh, shape and size are drawn, when actual implementation kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can arbitrarily change for one kind, and its Assembly layout kenel may also be increasingly complex.
It is provided in a kind of wireless monitor system based on homeostasis of load, including monitoring as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is bright The heart 1, optical fiber 2, transmission base station 3, multiple gateway nodes 4 and multiple sense nodes 5；The monitoring center 1 is for receiving from biography The data information come is transmitted in defeated base station 3 and data information is handled；The transmission base station 3 includes optical fiber switch, is used Monitoring center 1 is transferred in the information for receiving the transmission of gateway node 4, and by optical fiber 2；The gateway node 4 is deployed in monitoring In region, communication radius R and primary power E are all larger than sense node 5, can communicate with multiple sense nodes 5, receive induction The information that node 5 is sent merges information and is forwarded to transmission base station 3；The sense node 5 is deployed in monitoring region In, sense node 5 is communicated with gateway node 4, without communication between sense node 5, the letter that sense node 5 will monitor Breath is sent to corresponding gateway node 4, and sense node 5 is equal according to the dump energy of gateway node 4 and load after each communication Weighing apparatus dynamic is re-assigned to corresponding gateway node 4.
As an example, the monitoring center 1 includes multiple stage computers or server.
As an example, the gateway node 4 includes: microprocessor, memory, wireless transceiver, sensor, Yi Ji electricity Source, wherein sensor, wireless transceiver in the gateway node 4 are connected with microprocessor and memory；The wireless receiving and dispatching Device is for sending and receiving radio magnetic wave；The microprocessor and memory handle control for storing received data The operation of wireless transceiver and sensor；The power supply is for providing electric energy.
As an example, the sense node 5 includes: microprocessor, memory, wireless transceiver, sensor, Yi Ji electricity Source, wherein sensor, wireless transceiver in the sense node 5 are connected with microprocessor and memory；The wireless receiving and dispatching Device is for sending and receiving radio magnetic wave；Temperature, the humidity, gas of sensor perception ambient enviroment in the sense node 5 Bulk concentration information；The microprocessor and memory handle control wireless transceiver and sensing for storing received data The operation of device；The power supply is for providing electric energy.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the sense node 5 and gateway node 4 are according to monitoring region actual conditions carry out portion Administration, the sense node in two round overlappings belong to multiple gateway nodes, and only the sense node in a circle is pertaining only to One gateway node, after distributing the affiliated gateway node of monitoring node for the first time, the information monitored is sent net by sense node Artis 4, gateway node carry out information to be processed and forwarded to transmission base station 3, and information is transmitted by optical fiber 2 in transmission base station 3 To monitoring center 1, the monitoring node 5 that multiple gateway nodes are belonged to after communication is dynamically assigning to accordingly according to energy and load balance Gateway node.
As shown in Figure 2 to 4, the present embodiment also provides a kind of wireless monitoring method based on homeostasis of load, including Step:
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out step 1) first, M gateway node, N number of induction are disposed according to monitoring region actual conditions Node and several transmission base stations.
As shown in Fig. 2, then carrying out step 2), gateway node periodically sends the self information including id information, feels It answers node to receive corresponding information, be calculated certainly according to the id information of the communication radius r of itself and gateway node Gateway node within the scope of body communication radius.
As shown in Fig. 2, then carrying out step 3), sense node sends the self information including load information, gateway node Corresponding information is received, fusion calculation is carried out to information, sense node is assigned to accordingly for the first time according to data processed result Gateway node.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, step 3) the following steps are included:
Step 3-1), sensing node and gateway node primary power are respectively EsAnd Eg, the initial load of sense node is set as W, communication radius are r, and sense node receives the id information that gateway node is sent, calculates gateway node and sense node Distance be l, if l < r, sense node belong to the gateway node, successively calculate different sense nodes and gateway node Distance, obtains which gateway node is different sense nodes belong to；
Step 3-2), for being pertaining only to the sense node set of gateway node a, these sense nodes are distributed to gateway node a；
Step 3-3), calculate different sense nodes is to the total load of gateway node aWherein Ps (a) indicate that different sense nodes for the load contribution probability of gateway node a, belong to gateway node for s-th of sense node Several inverses, 0≤Ps(a)≤1, s-th of sense node is pertaining only to P when gateway node as(a)=1, s-th of sense node does not belong to P when gateway node as(a)=0；
Step 3-4), successively calculate M1Total load d=(the d of a gateway node1, d2......dM1)；
Step 3-5), sense node b compares this M1The total load of a node selects the smallest gateway node m of total load to add Enter；
Step 3-6), the more total load of new gateway node m is dm=dm+W-Pb(m)*W；
Step 3-7), update other M1The total load of -1 gateway node is dx'=dx-Px(m) * W, wherein (x=1, 2......M1)∪(x≠m)；
Step 3-8), different gateway nodes where other sense nodes for belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare oneself are corresponding Distance d selects the corresponding gateway node of the smallest distance d to be added；
Step 3-9), according to step 3-1)~step 3-8) method obtain other induction sections for belonging to multiple gateway nodes The gateway node of point final choice, until all sense nodes are assigned.
As shown in Fig. 2, then carrying out step 4), sense node monitors peripheral information, senses corresponding information, is sent to Corresponding gateway node, gateway node are forwarded to transmission base station after handling information, transmit base station for information and pass through optical fiber It is transmitted to monitoring center, monitoring center handles information.
As shown in Fig. 2, then carrying out step 5), sense node is according to the dump energy and load capacity of gateway node dynamic It is assigned to corresponding gateway node.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, step 5) the following steps are included:
Step 5-1), the dump energy after M gateway node first run communication is respectively { Eres1、Eres2、Eres3…EresM, N A sense node, each sense node initial load is all the same, becomes a after communicating for the first times(t) (s=1,2 ... N), the not same feeling It answers node load to change as every wheel communicates, calculates separately different gateway node g for the surplus of the sense node s in communication radius The ratio of complementary energy and loadWherein (g=1,2 ... M), PsIt (g) is s-th of sense node category In the probability of gateway node g, 0≤Ps(g)≤1；
Step 5-2), belong to the corresponding f (g) of the more different gateway nodes of sense node a of M1 gateway node, selection is most The corresponding gateway node h of big f (g) is added；
Step 5-3), it updates
Step 5-4), update remaining M1-1 gateway node(x=1, 2......M1)∪(x≠h)；
Step 5-5), other sense nodes for belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare the f of different gateway nodes where oneself (g), the corresponding gateway node of maximum f (g) is selected to be added；
Step 5-6), according to step 5-1)~step 5-5) method, obtain the sense node for belonging to multiple gateway nodes The gateway node of final choice, until all sense nodes are assigned.
As shown in Fig. 2, finally carrying out step 6), repeat step 4) and step 5).
As described above, the present invention provides a kind of wireless monitor system and monitoring method based on homeostasis of load, it is described Monitoring system includes monitoring center, optical fiber, transmission base station, multiple gateway nodes and multiple sense nodes；The monitoring center For receiving the data information transmitted from transmission base station and handling data information；The transmission base station includes optical fiber Interchanger for receiving the information of gateway node transmission, and is transferred to monitoring center by optical fiber；The gateway node is deployed in It monitors in region, communication radius R and primary power E are all larger than sense node, can communicate with multiple sense nodes, receive sense The information for answering node to send merges information and is forwarded to transmission base station；The sense node is deployed in monitoring region, Sense node is communicated with gateway node, and without communication between sense node, sense node sends the information monitored To corresponding gateway node, sense node after each communication according to dump energy and the load balancing dynamic of gateway node again It is assigned to corresponding gateway node.The invention has the following advantages:
1) present invention distributes monitoring node to accordingly using monitoring node to the load contribution of different gateway nodes for the first time Gateway node realizes network load balancing；
2) present invention in each communication according to the dump energy of gateway node and monitoring node to its load balancing angle Degree carries out redistributing monitoring node, can extend network life to greatest extent；
3) present invention is compared with fixed cluster-dividing method, due to can dynamically change the quantity of monitoring node, so that network is logical Letter efficiency is greatly improved.
So the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1.一种基于负载动态平衡的无线监测方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：1. A wireless monitoring method based on load dynamic balancing, characterized in that, comprising steps: 1)根据监测区域实际情况部署M1个网关节点、N个感应节点、以及若干个传输基站；1) Deploy M1 gateway nodes, N sensing nodes, and several transmission base stations according to the actual situation in the monitoring area; 2)网关节点周期性地发送包括ID信息的自身信息，感应节点接收到相应的信息，根据自身的通信半径r以及网关节点的ID信息进行计算得到自身通信半径范围内的网关节点；2) The gateway node periodically sends its own information including ID information, and the sensing node receives the corresponding information, calculates the gateway nodes within its own communication radius according to its own communication radius r and the gateway node's ID information; 3)感应节点发送包括负载信息的自身信息，网关节点接收到相应信息，对信息进行融合计算，感应节点根据数据处理结果首次被分配到相应的网关节点；3) The sensor node sends its own information including load information, the gateway node receives the corresponding information, performs fusion calculation on the information, and the sensor node is assigned to the corresponding gateway node for the first time according to the data processing result; 4)感应节点监测周围信息，感应到相应的信息，发送到相应的网关节点，网关节点对信息进行处理后转发到传输基站，传输基站将信息通过光纤传送到监控中心，监控中心对信息进行处理；4) The sensing node monitors the surrounding information, senses the corresponding information, and sends it to the corresponding gateway node. The gateway node processes the information and forwards it to the transmission base station. The transmission base station transmits the information to the monitoring center through optical fiber, and the monitoring center processes the information. ; 5)感应节点根据网关节点的剩余能量和负载能力动态分配到相应的网关节点；5) The sensing nodes are dynamically allocated to the corresponding gateway nodes according to the remaining energy and load capacity of the gateway nodes; 6)重复进行步骤4)及5)，6) Repeat steps 4) and 5), 其中步骤3)包括以下步骤：Wherein step 3) comprises the following steps: 3-1)感应节点和网关节点初始能量分别为Es和Eg，感应节点的初始负载设为W，感知半径均为r，感应节点接收到网关节点发送来的ID信息，计算出网关节点与感应节点的距离为l，如果l＜r，则感应节点属于该网关节点，依次计算不同感应节点与网关节点的距离，得到不同感应节点属于哪些网关节点；3-1) The initial energy of the sensor node and the gateway node are E s and E g respectively, the initial load of the sensor node is set to W, and the sensing radius is r, the sensor node receives the ID information sent by the gateway node, and calculates the value of the gateway node The distance from the sensing node is l, if l<r, the sensing node belongs to the gateway node, and the distances between different sensing nodes and gateway nodes are calculated in turn to obtain which gateway nodes different sensing nodes belong to; 3-2)对于只属于网关节点a的感应节点集合，分配这些感应节点到网关节点a；3-2) For the sensing node set that only belongs to the gateway node a, assign these sensing nodes to the gateway node a; 3-3)计算不同感应节点对网关节点a的总负载为其中Ps(a)表示不同感应节点对于网关节点a的负载贡献概率，为第s个感应节点属于网关节点个数的倒数，0≤Ps(a)≤1，第s个感应节点只属于网关节点a时Ps(a)＝1，第s个感应节点不属于网关节点a时Ps(a)＝0；3-3) Calculate the total load of different induction nodes on gateway node a as Among them, P s (a) represents the load contribution probability of different sensing nodes to gateway node a, which is the reciprocal of the number of gateway nodes belonging to the sth sensing node, 0≤P s (a)≤1, and the sth sensing node only belongs to P s (a)=1 when gateway node a, P s (a)=0 when the sth sensing node does not belong to gateway node a; 3-4)依次计算M1个网关节点的总负载 3-4) Calculate the total load of M 1 gateway nodes in turn 3-5)感应节点b比较这M1个节点的总负载，选择总负载最小的网关节点m加入；3-5) Sensing node b compares the total load of these M +1 nodes, and selects the gateway node m with the smallest total load to join; 3-6)更新网关节点m的总负载，为dm＝dm+W-Pb(m)*W；3-6) Update the total load of the gateway node m, which is d m =d m +WP b (m)*W; 3-7)更新其他M1-1个网关节点的总负载为dx′＝dx-Px(m)*W，其中，(x＝1,2......M1)∪(x≠m)；3-7) Update the total load of other M 1 -1 gateway nodes as d x′ =d x -P x (m)*W, where (x=1,2...M 1 )∪ (x≠m); 3-8)其他属于多个网关节点的感应节点比较自己所在不同网关节点对应的距离d，选择最小的距离d对应的网关节点加入；3-8) Other sensor nodes belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare the distance d corresponding to different gateway nodes where they are located, and select the gateway node corresponding to the smallest distance d to join; 3-9)按照步骤3-1)～3-8)的方法得到其他属于多个网关节点的感应节点最终选择的网关节点，直到所有感应节点分配完毕。3-9) Follow steps 3-1) to 3-8) to obtain the gateway node finally selected by other sensing nodes belonging to multiple gateway nodes until all sensing nodes are allocated. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于负载动态平衡的无线监测方法，其特征在于：步骤5)包括以下步骤：2. the wireless monitoring method based on load dynamic balancing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 5) comprises the following steps: 5-1)M1个网关节点首轮通信后的剩余能量分别为N个感应节点，每个感应节点初始负载均相同，首次通信后变为as(t)(s＝1,2……N)，不同感应节点负载随着每轮通信变化，分别计算不同网关节点g对于通信半径内的感应节点s的剩余能量与负载的比值其中(g＝1,2……M1)，Ps(g)为第s个感应节点属于网关节点g的概率，0≤Ps(g)≤1；5-1) The remaining energy of M 1 gateway nodes after the first round of communication is N sensor nodes, the initial load of each sensor node is the same, after the first communication, it becomes a s (t) (s=1,2...N), the load of different sensor nodes changes with each round of communication, and the load of different gateways is calculated separately The ratio of the remaining energy of node g to the load of sensing node s within the communication radius Where (g=1,2...M 1 ), P s (g) is the probability that the sth sensor node belongs to the gateway node g, 0≤P s (g)≤1; 5-2)属于M1个网关节点的感应节点a比较不同网关节点对应的f(g)，选择最大的f(g)对应的网关节点h加入；5-2) Sensing node a belonging to M+ 1 gateway nodes compares f(g) corresponding to different gateway nodes, and selects gateway node h corresponding to the largest f(g) to join; 5-3)更新 5-3) Update 5-4)更新剩余M1-1个网关节点的 5-4) Update the remaining M 1 -1 gateway nodes 5-5)其他属于多个网关节点的感应节点比较自己所在不同网关节点的f(g)，选择最大的f(g)对应的网关节点加入；5-5) Other sensor nodes belonging to multiple gateway nodes compare the f(g) of different gateway nodes where they are located, and select the gateway node corresponding to the largest f(g) to join; 5-6)依照步骤5-1)～5-5)的方法，得到属于多个网关节点的感应节点最终选择的网关节点，直到所有感应节点分配完毕。5-6) According to the method of steps 5-1) to 5-5), the gateway node finally selected by the sensing nodes belonging to multiple gateway nodes is obtained, until all the sensing nodes are allocated.
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