CN104835203B - A kind of natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field and system based on OptiX - Google Patents
A kind of natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field and system based on OptiX Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field based on OptiX, including：The geometrical model of a certain natural scene is established, and forms the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, wherein, the geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；Material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, generates the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of natural scene；According to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, One-dimensional heat transfer parallel computation is carried out to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene using OptiX using One-dimensional heat transfer model, obtains the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene.Method provided by the invention can significantly improve calculating speed and improve the temperature resolution of infrared simulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Infrared scene simulation field, and in particular to a kind of natural scene Temperature calculating based on OptiX
Method and system.
Background technology
Temperature higher than absolute zero all objects can be spontaneous outside emittance, the emittance of general object
Peak value is located at infrared band.In addition, infra-red radiation has all weather operations, mist transmitting good etc. outstanding advantage, therefore infrared target
Detection is applied widely in military field.The fighting efficiency of infrared weapon depends not only on the intrinsic category of infrared detector
Property, but also the factor such as radiation with object, weather conditions is relevant.Infrared scene simulation is evaluated by the way of theoretical calculation
The performance of infrared detector, it had both considered the build-in attribute of infrared detector, it is also considered that the radiation profiles shape of target scene
The influence of condition and weather to detection performance, infrared detector can be carried out to integrate comprehensive evaluation.
In infrared band, the spontaneous radiation of object is the important component for the global radiation that infrared detector receives, from
Hair radiation is directly proportional to the biquadratic of temperature, and therefore, the calculating in temperature field is most important to Infrared scene simulation.Conventional temperature
Computational methods have three-dimensional heat conduction model and One-dimensional heat transfer model, and usual three-dimensional heat conduction model is used for inside and contains thermal source
Target, such as vehicle, naval vessel, and One-dimensional heat transfer model is used for the internal natural scene for being free of thermal source, such as earth's surface, building.
In Infrared scene simulation, the object such as earth's surface, building is made up of geometrical model, according to the size of simulating scenes, geometry
Model may include thousands of bins to hundreds of thousands, and its temperature value will be calculated for each bin.If using traditional
Based on CPU (Central Processing Unit) serial arithmetic, by the consumption substantial amounts of calculating time.In addition, the sun blocks
Hot hatching effect can be produced, it is necessary during Temperature calculating for the infrared radiation distribution situation of more accurate description scene
Consider sun occlusion effect.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art the defects of, the present invention provides a kind of natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field based on OptiX
And system, calculating speed can be significantly improved and improve the temperature resolution of infrared simulation.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a kind of natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field based on OptiX, including：
S1. the geometrical model of a certain natural scene is established, and forms the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, wherein,
The geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；
S2. material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, by the different materials in geometrical model texture
Matter separates, and generates the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is in the geometrical model texture of natural scene
Material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list；
S3. according to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, One-dimensional heat transfer is utilized
Model carries out One-dimensional heat transfer parallel computation using OptiX to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene,
Obtain the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene.
Wherein, the step S2 includes：
S21. material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene；
S22. the material classification sum in the natural scene is counted according to the material classification results, and works out material rope
Draw table, the material concordance list includes material index number, the material number of plies, Material Name and material thickness, wherein according to institute
The density of material, specific heat capacity, the coefficient of heat conduction, sun short-wave absorption rate, longwave transmissions rate, sky can be obtained by stating Material Name
Longwave absorption rate and/or spontaneous emission coefficients；
S23. according to the material classification results of the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, the material of the natural scene is generated
Texture, the pixel value of material texture is material of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of natural scene
Matter index number.
Wherein, the material concordance list also includes：Boundary types and boundary condition parameter；The boundary types include top
Boundary's type and lower boundary type；The boundary condition parameter includes temperature, wind speed and hot-fluid.
Wherein, the step S3 includes：
According to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, using one dimensional transient heat transfer
ModelThe Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin is calculated, wherein, ρ is Media density, and c is medium specific heat capacity, k
For the coefficient of heat conduction, z is bin normal direction thickness；
Wherein, need to set the boundary condition of upper and lower surface when carrying out above-mentioned geometry bin Temperature Distribution and solving, it is described
The geometrical model of natural scene includes earth's surface and/building, and for the natural model comprising earth's surface, the boundary condition of subsurface is
Temperature keeps invariable after reaching underground certain depth, is formulated as T |Z=H=Tconst, wherein H represents subterranean depth,
TconstRepresent the constant temperature angle value of the depth once；Ground upper surface is exposed in natural environment, and its boundary condition is thermal balance
Condition, its equation of heat balance are α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Hg-LEg- G=0, wherein,α1、α2, ε difference
For sun short-wave absorption rate, sky longwave absorption rate and spontaneous emission coefficients, EsunFor solar irradiance, EskyIrradiated for sky
Degree, ε σ T4For spontaneous radiation energy, HgExchange and lose for sensible flux, LEgFor heat transfer losses of diving, G is the downward heat transfer of earth's surface
Loss.
Wherein, for the natural scene comprising building, coboundary is corresponded on the outside of building, meets thermal equilibrium condition α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Qconv- G=0；, free convection heat exchange be present, meet condition Q in the corresponding building inner side of lower boundaryconv
|Z=H=h (T-Ta)；Wherein, QconvFor heat convection, h is to build inner surface and indoor air convection coefficient, TaFor indoor temperature.
Wherein, the earth's surface includes various material, and the building also includes various material；
The temperature at the node of material boundary, two kinds of materials are solved using thermal equilibrium condition in the intersection of any two kinds of materials
Matter intermediate node equation of heat balance is：
Wherein, in formulaRepresent the temperature of n-th of node of t, Δ τ and Δ z are respectively time step and apart from step
Long, a is thermal diffusion coefficient, k1, k2For the coefficient of heat conduction.
Wherein, described natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field, in addition to：
For each multiple sampled point of geometric surface meta design, the temperature of each sampled point is calculated, is determined by multiple sampled points
The temperature of one bin.
Wherein, described natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field, in addition to：
The geometrical model texture coordinate of the sampled point on geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene, lead to
Inverse texture generation temperature texture is crossed, wherein, the geometrical model of a certain sampled point in the geometrical model of the natural scene
Texture coordinate is (x, y), and corresponding temperature texel coordinates are (m, n), the width for the temperature texture to be generated is high be respectively W and
H, mapping mode are：M=x × (W-1)；N=y × (H-1)；According to temperature texel coordinates corresponding to a certain sampled point,
The temperature value for the sampled point being calculated is stored in corresponding pixel, and the temperature texture of geometrical model is surrounded in generation.
Wherein, described natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field, in addition to：
Zero value detection is carried out to the temperature texture of generation, and all zero points filled up using the method for filtering.
Second aspect, present invention also offers a kind of natural scene Temperature calculating system based on OptiX, including：It is several
What model establishes unit, material texture forms unit and Temperature calculating unit；
The geometrical model establishes unit, for establishing the geometrical model of a certain natural scene, and forms the natural field
The geometrical model texture of scape, wherein, the geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；
The material texture forms unit, will for carrying out material classification to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene
Unlike material in geometrical model texture separates, and generates the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is certainly
Material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of right scene；
The Temperature calculating unit, the material for the geometrical model according to the natural scene and the natural scene
Texture, all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene are carried out using OptiX using One-dimensional heat transfer model
One-dimensional heat transfer parallel computation, obtain the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene.
As seen from the above description, natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field provided by the invention, the parallel light based on OptiX
Trace rendering engine had both played the advantage of its parallel computation, relative to serial fortune as natural scene Temperature calculating platform
Calculation can significantly improve calculating speed, the strong point of its ray tracing utilized again, can easily realize sun shadowing, raw
Into hot hatching effect.In addition in the design process, it is real by this bridge of texture coordinate between material texture and geometrical model
Show associating for material texture and geometrical model, improve the temperature resolution of infrared simulation.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are the present invention
Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis
These accompanying drawings obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field based on OptiX that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that geometrical model associates with texture；
Fig. 3 is the line frame graph of virtual emulation scene；
Fig. 4 is to emulate geometrical model to carry out the design sketch after terrain texture map；
Fig. 5 is the temperature computation schematic diagram of boundary node；
Fig. 6 is that two layers of material intersection node temperature calculates schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the parallel temperature field computation architecture design figure based on OptiX；
Fig. 8 is the temperature texture without space filtering being calculated；
Fig. 9 is to carry out space filtering schematic diagram to the temperature texture being calculated；
Figure 10 is the temperature texture to being obtained after Fig. 8 progress space filterings；
Figure 11 a are scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 1 sampled point；
Figure 11 b are scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 3 sampled points；
Figure 11 c are scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 7 sampled points；
Figure 11 d are scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 90 sampled points；
Figure 12 a are that sampling number is 90, the time 6:Scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 00；
Figure 12 b are that sampling number is 90, the time 9:Scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 00；
Figure 12 c are that sampling number is 90, the time 12:Scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 00；
Figure 12 d are that sampling number is 90, the time 15:Scene temperature-visualized design sketch corresponding to 00；
Figure 13 is that the structure for the natural scene Temperature calculating system based on OptiX that another embodiment of the present invention provides is shown
It is intended to.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention, using One-dimensional heat transfer model, develops nature by the use of OptiX parallel renderings engine as calculating platform
The temperature calculation program of scene.Relative to traditional serial computing method, this method can improve calculating speed, and utilize
OptiX ray tracing advantage, it can emulate because the sun blocks the hot shade to be formed.In addition, using inverse texture
Mode carrys out storage temperature result of calculation, improves the resolution ratio of temperature.
With the development of GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) technology, the parallel computing platform based on GPU obtains
Significant progress.Wherein OptiX is the exploitation of NVIDIA companies based on CUDA (Compute Unified Device
Architecture) the parallel ray tracing rendering engine of framework, the visualization for being mainly used in visible ray scene render.Due to it
The parallel computation framework of single-instruction multiple-data is employed, therefore calculating speed can be improved, simultaneously because its ray tracing function,
Solar radiation shadowing can be conveniently applied to.
Fig. 1 shows the flow for the natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field based on OptiX that the embodiment of the present invention one provides
Figure, as shown in figure 1, the natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field of the present embodiment is as described below, including：
Step 101：The geometrical model of a certain natural scene is established, and forms the geometrical model texture of the natural scene,
Wherein, the geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins.
In this step, for terrain scene, terrain elevation data is downloaded first, then downloads or buy corresponding landform
Remote sensing image or visible images of taking photo by plane, as terrain texture.Then landform Software for producing, such as Multigen are used
Creator, Terra Vista, using altitude data as data source, land form geograpical model is made, and stick terrain texture；For
The targets such as building, can be made using the modelling such as Multigen Creator, 3D Max software, need also exist for sticking for it
Texture, to form the geometrical model texture of the natural scene.Wherein texture is completed with associating for geometrical model by texture coordinate.
Fig. 2 gives the schematic diagram that geometrical model associates with texture.
Fig. 3 shows the line frame graph of a virtual emulation scene.The scene includes one piece of Virtual Terrain and two buildings, should
Earth's surface and building are included in scene, ground surface material type, which includes mountain region, dry exposed soil earth and asphalt surface, building material, to be included
Concrete, asbestos shingle, glass and cement.Emulation geographical position is arranged to 40 ° of north latitude, 116 ° of east longitude, and simulation time is 2014 4
It is the moon 20, fine.The terrain texture map of the scene is made, and by texture mapping, terrain texture and geometrical model
Association, form the geometrical model texture of the natural scene.Texture coordinate can be carried out using 3D Max uvw textures instrument
Adjustment, to realize the accurate correlation of texture and geometrical model.Geometrical model associated with terrain texture after design sketch such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show.
Step 102：Material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, by geometrical model texture not
Same material separates, and generates the material texture of the natural scene, and the pixel value of material texture is the geometrical model line of natural scene
Material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list in reason.
This step 102 includes：
Step 102a：Material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene；
Step 102b：The material classification sum in the natural scene is counted according to the material classification results, and is worked out
Material concordance list, the material concordance list include material index number, the material number of plies, Material Name and material thickness, wherein
The density of material, specific heat capacity, the coefficient of heat conduction, sun short-wave absorption rate, longwave transmissions can be obtained according to the Material Name
Rate, sky longwave absorption rate and/or spontaneous emission coefficients；
Step 102c：According to the material classification results of the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, the natural field is generated
The material texture of scape, the pixel value of material texture are corresponding material in the geometrical model texture of natural scene in material concordance list
In material index number.
When subsequently calculating temperature, material index number can be obtained by the pixel value checked on material texture, according to
Material index number can obtain Material Name, according to Material Name inquire about database in should Material Name some materials
Attribute, including density, specific heat capacity, the coefficient of heat conduction, sun short-wave absorption rate, longwave transmissions rate, sky longwave absorption rate and from
Radiation coefficient etc. is sent out, so as to obtain the temperature value of each pixel on material texture.
Wherein, the material concordance list also includes：Boundary types and boundary condition parameter；The boundary types include top
Boundary's type and lower boundary type；The boundary condition parameter includes temperature, wind speed and hot-fluid.It for details, reference can be made to table 1.
The material concordance list of table 1
| Index number | Boundary types | Temperature | Wind speed | Hot-fluid |
| S | flag | T | V | Q |
| The material number of plies | Material Name | Material thickness | Material Name | Material thickness |
| M | Mtl1 | d1 | Mtl2 | d2 |
Wherein, solution of Temperature needs to use space geometry data, material parameters and the thermal boundary condition of object, Yi Jicai
Matter thickness, if multi-layer material, it is necessary to specify the material parameters and thickness of every layer of material.Material texture mapping can be used
Mode realizes associating for relevant parameter and geometrical model, and material texture pixel corresponds to material index number, is looked into according to material numbering
The synthesis material parameters needed for temperature computation are ask, relevant parameter is as shown in table 1.
Index number S corresponds to material texel value, and upper boundary conditions relevant parameter is determined by scene environment parameter, therefore
Upper boundary conditions need not be added above-mentioned material concordance list, flag specifies downstream condition type, such as constant temperature, convection current or constant heat
Stream, temperature T, wind speed V and hot-fluid Q are boundary condition parameters.Material number of plies M indicates geometry bin in the thickness direction material number of plies,
Material Name Mlt and thickness d are respectively intended to specify the title and thickness of every layer of material, further read material by Material Name
Parameter, the material parameters needed for Temperature calculating have density, specific heat capacity, the coefficient of heat conduction, sun short-wave absorption rate, longwave transmissions
Rate, sky longwave absorption rate and spontaneous emission coefficients etc..
Material is carried out to visible images (geometrical model texture) to split to obtain material texture, there will be identical material attribute
Visible ray texture be classified as one kind, the foundation of classification is clustered according to the color of material, can use remote sensing image processing it is soft
Part ENVI carries out material classification.After material classification is completed, corresponding material index number is enclosed for different materials, thus
Just material texture is formd.
Geometrical model texture first is visible images, namely common photo or image, and the target of material classification is handle
Unlike material is made a distinction in visible images, and visible images are then converted to texture map picture, i.e. material texture, material line
Manage and determined for gray-scale map, gray value by material index number.
Step 103：According to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, one-dimensional heat is utilized
Conduction model carries out One-dimensional heat transfer to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene using OptiX and counted parallel
Calculate, obtain the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene.
Include in this step 103：
According to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, using one dimensional transient heat transfer
ModelThe Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin is calculated, wherein, ρ is Media density, and c is medium specific heat capacity, and k is
The coefficient of heat conduction, z are bin normal direction thickness；
Wherein, need to set the boundary condition of upper and lower surface when carrying out above-mentioned geometry bin Temperature Distribution and solving, it is described
The geometrical model of natural scene includes earth's surface and/building, and for the natural model comprising earth's surface, the boundary condition of subsurface is
Temperature keeps invariable after reaching underground certain depth, is formulated as T |Z=H=Tconst, wherein H represents subterranean depth,
TconstRepresent the constant temperature angle value of the depth once；Ground upper surface is exposed in natural environment, and its boundary condition is thermal balance
Condition, its equation of heat balance are α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Hg-LEg- G=0, wherein,α1、α2, ε difference
For sun short-wave absorption rate, sky longwave absorption rate and spontaneous emission coefficients, EsunFor solar irradiance, EskyIrradiated for sky
Degree, ε σ T4For spontaneous radiation energy, HgExchange and lose for sensible flux, LEgFor heat transfer losses of diving, G is the downward heat transfer of earth's surface
Loss.
For the natural scene comprising building, coboundary is corresponded on the outside of building, meets thermal equilibrium condition α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Qconv- G=0；, free convection heat exchange be present, meet condition Q in the corresponding building inner side of lower boundaryconv|Z=H=h
(T-Ta)；Wherein, QconvFor heat convection, h is to build inner surface and indoor air convection coefficient, TaFor indoor temperature.
Solar radiation is an important factor for influenceing body surface temperature change, it is determined that the sun spoke that geometry bin receives
When penetrating, first have to determine sunray direction according to simulation time and geographical position, object is then determined using Ray-tracing Method
Whether it is in sunshine shade, the solar radiation received according to judged result calculating bin.
The calculating in temperature field needs to solve using numerical method, first to the equation of heat conduction progress time and spatially
Discretization, then have application of explicit difference method and implicit difference method using finite difference method, method for solving, if time step and
Spatial mesh size selection is unreasonable, and display calculus of finite differences solving result is not restrained, although and implicit difference method calculating process is complicated, meter
Result unconditional convergence is calculated, therefore selects implicit difference to calculate, its expression formula is：
In formulaRepresent the temperature of n-th of node of t, Δ τ and Δ z are respectively time step and apart from step-length, a are
Thermal diffusion coefficient.Wherein, n represents each node after material thickness discretization.
Boundary node meets conservation of energy condition, i.e. the t+1 moment is equal to outside flow into relative to the incrementss of t energy
The energy summation of the node, including internal node heat transfer flows into and outside net hot-fluid, boundary node calculate schematic diagram such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, its expression formula is：
The equation left side is energy increments of the boundary node n at the t+1 moment relative to t, on the right of equation Section 1 be from
N-1 nodes flow into the energy of n nodes, EnetFor the outside net hot-fluid for flowing into node n, for earth's surface in formula, Q is sensible heat and latent heat
Sum is lost, to building surface, Q is convection losses：
Enet=α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Q
Wherein, the earth's surface includes various material, and the building also includes various material；Such as described ground surface material bag
Include the materials such as mountain region, dry exposed soil earth and asphalt surface；The building material includes concrete, asbestos shingle, glass and cement etc.
Material；The equation of heat conduction of individual layer material is still met inside every layer of material of multi-layer material, and in the intersection of two kinds of materials
The individual layer material equation of heat conduction can not be applied mechanically, is had a common boundary in the intersection of any two kinds of materials using thermal equilibrium condition to solve material
Temperature at node, schematic diagram is solved as shown in fig. 6, two kinds of material intermediate node equation of heat balances are：
Wherein, in formulaRepresent the temperature of n-th of node of t, Δ τ and Δ z are respectively time step and apart from step
Long, a is thermal diffusion coefficient, k1, k2For the coefficient of heat conduction.
Natural scene model is made up of geometry bin, all bins is required for carry out One-dimensional heat transfer calculating, therefore adopt
By the use of OptiX parallel renderings engine as calculating platform, the parallel computation in natural scene temperature field is carried out.Each face in calculating process
The corresponding thread of member, total Thread Count are consistent with bin number in scene.All threads are carried out same temperature computation core journey
Sequence, the input data of different threads are different.So can be with the temperature value of all bins of parallel computation.Fig. 7 gives parallel computation
The structural representation of design.
The boundary of natural scene unlike material is irregular, and unlike material has different Temperature Distributions, for standard
Really the temperature change of description unlike material, Temperature calculating must have good temperature resolution.Using material texture mapping
Mode can improve the resolution ratio of material, improve the resolution ratio of temperature, it is also necessary to while the sampling number of each bin is improved,
Multiple sampled points are designed for each bin, calculate the temperature of each sampled point, the temperature of a bin is determined by multiple sampled points
Degree.
Using the geometrical model of making, material texture, material concordance list and material parameters database as Temperature calculating institute
The input data needed, data are first imported into CPU, be then organized as the recognizable forms of GPU and be sent into GPU.OptiX is according to importing
Geometry bin number, start the threads of respective numbers, the temperature value of parallel computation bin.Wherein each thread is performed both by thermometer
Calculate kernel program.To ensure that final calculation result is unrelated with original state, subsequent iteration is answered to calculate 72h.
To increase the temperature resolution of scene, 90 temperature computation points are sampled to bin, the texture coordinate of sampled point is entered
Row is counter to be pushed away, and obtains pixel coordinate corresponding to sampled point, and the temperature value of calculating is then stored in the correspondence position of temperature texture.
The texture coordinate of the sampled point on geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene, passes through reverse line
Reason mapping generation temperature texture, wherein, the texture coordinate of a certain sampled point is (x, y) in the geometrical model of the natural scene,
Corresponding temperature texel coordinates are (m, n), and the high width for the temperature texture to be generated is respectively W and H, and mapping mode is：M=
x×(W-1)；N=y × (H-1)；According to temperature texel coordinates corresponding to a certain sampled point, the sampling being calculated
The temperature value of point is stored in corresponding pixel, and the temperature texture of geometrical model is surrounded in generation.By way of texture mapping, energy
The temperature resolution of Pixel-level is enough realized, improves the temperature resolution of Infrared scene simulation.
Fig. 8 gives the design sketch of wherein one temperature texture, and (temperature texture maps are floating data, normalize to 0-255
To show), black region therein is to be not filled by temperature province.
When being sampled to bin progress temperature computation point, number of samples is limited, the temperature obtained by sampled point Temperature Fill
Spend texture simultaneously it is imperfect, exist it is a number of be not filled by a little, these unfilled temperature texel values be 0.
In order to obtain complete temperature texture, it is necessary to carry out zero value detection to the temperature texture of generation, and using filtering
Method is filled up to all zero points, and it is as shown in Figure 9 to fill up schematic diagram.It is as follows to fill up mode：
a：It is (2n+1) × (2n+1) (n is nonzero integer) to fill up spectral window size, and during with n=1, window size is 3 × 3
Exemplified by, numerical value corresponding to spectral window is w00、w10、w20、w01、w11、w21、w02、w12、w22, wherein w11For window center position pixel
Value；
b：Spectral window slides pixel-by-pixel on temperature texture pixel, if the temperature texture value of window center position correspondence is not
It is zero, illustrates that the point has had been filled with temperature value in temperature computation, then without filtering process.If value is zero, illustrate this
Point is not filled by temperature value, it is necessary to be filtered processing；
c：If necessary to filter, then all Non-zero Temperature angle value in the range of filter window are taken to be added summation Ts, and statistic window
The number m of non-zero temperature value in the range of mouthful, then the temperature texture value of window center position correspondence is T=Ts/m。
Space filtering is carried out to Fig. 9 temperature texture, obtains two-dimentional floating-point temperature texture, the image of gained is as shown in Figure 10
(temperature texture maps are floating data, normalize to 0-255 to show).
Figure 11 a-11d are simulated effect figure of the Same Scene under different bin sampling numbers, each bin of four width figures
Sampling number is respectively 1,3,7 and 90.It can be seen that with the raising of sampling number, temperature resolution is higher, this explanation
Material texture mapping and the design method of temperature texture back mapping can significantly improve the temperature resolution of material.
Figure 12 a-12d be sampling number be 90 when, observation the moment be 6:00、9:00、12:00 and 15:Emulation effect when 00
Fruit is schemed.Figure acceptance of the bid is shown because the sun blocks the obvious hot shadow region to be formed, it is seen that the computational methods are thin in performance heat
There is larger advantage in terms of section.
The embodiment of the present invention is using the parallel ray tracing rendering engine based on OptiX as natural scene Temperature calculating
Platform, the advantage of its parallel computation was both played, calculating speed can be significantly improved relative to serial arithmetic, its light utilized again
The strong point of line trace, sun shadowing can be easily realized, generates hot hatching effect.In addition in the design process, fully
Texture and geometrical model be make use of by this bridge of texture coordinate, associating for material texture and geometrical model is realized, calculate
Temperature value generates temperature texture by inverse texture, and temperature determines heat radiation size, therefore can reach Pixel-level
Temperature resolution, improve the temperature resolution of infrared simulation.
Another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of natural scene Temperature calculating system, referring to Figure 13, the nature
Scene Temperature calculating system establishes unit 131 including geometrical model, material texture forms unit 132 and Temperature calculating unit
133；
The geometrical model establishes unit 131, for establishing the geometrical model of a certain natural scene, and forms the nature
The geometrical model texture of scene, wherein, the geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；
The material texture forms unit 132, for carrying out material classification to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene,
Unlike material in geometrical model texture is separated, generates the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is
Material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of natural scene；
The Temperature calculating unit 133, for the geometrical model according to the natural scene and the natural scene
Material texture, using One-dimensional heat transfer model using OptiX to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene
One-dimensional heat transfer parallel computation is carried out, obtains the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene.
Natural scene Temperature calculating system described in the present embodiment can be used for performing the method described in above-described embodiment,
Its implementing principle and technical effect is similar, is no longer described in detail herein.
Above example is merely to illustrate technical scheme, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And these are changed or replaced
Change, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is based on OptiX natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field, it is characterised in that including：
S1. the geometrical model of a certain natural scene is established, and forms the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, wherein, it is described
The geometrical model of natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；
S2. material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, by the unlike material in geometrical model texture point
Open, generate the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is corresponding in the geometrical model texture of natural scene
Material index number of the material in material concordance list；
S3. according to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, One-dimensional heat transfer model is utilized
One-dimensional heat transfer parallel computation is carried out to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene using OptiX, obtained
The Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene；
Wherein, it is described also to be included based on OptiX natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field：
For each multiple sampled point of geometric surface meta design, the temperature of each sampled point is calculated, one is determined by multiple sampled points
The temperature of bin；
The geometrical model texture coordinate of the sampled point on geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene, by anti-
Temperature texture is generated to texture mapping, wherein, the geometrical model texture of a certain sampled point in the geometrical model of the natural scene
Coordinate is (x, y), and corresponding temperature texel coordinates are (m, n), and the high width for the temperature texture to be generated is respectively W and H, is reflected
The mode of penetrating is：M=x × (W-1)；N=y × (H-1)；According to temperature texel coordinates corresponding to a certain sampled point, calculating
The temperature value of the obtained sampled point is stored in corresponding pixel, and the temperature texture of geometrical model is surrounded in generation.
2. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S2 includes：
S21. material classification is carried out to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene；
S22. the material classification sum in the natural scene is counted according to the material classification results, and works out material index
Table, the material concordance list include material index number, the material number of plies, Material Name and material thickness, wherein according to
Material Name can obtain density, specific heat capacity, the coefficient of heat conduction, sun short-wave absorption rate, longwave transmissions rate, the sky length of material
Ripple absorptivity and/or spontaneous emission coefficients；
S23. according to the material classification results of the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, the material line of the natural scene is generated
Reason, the pixel value of material texture is material rope of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of natural scene
Draw numbering.
3. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the material concordance list also wraps
Include：Boundary types and boundary condition parameter；The boundary types include coboundary type and lower boundary type；The boundary condition
Parameter includes temperature, wind speed and hot-fluid.
4. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S3 includes：
According to the geometrical model of the natural scene and the material texture of the natural scene, using one dimensional transient heat transfer modelThe Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin is calculated, wherein, ρ is Media density, and c is medium specific heat capacity, and k passes for heat
Coefficient is led, z is bin normal direction thickness；
Wherein, need to set the boundary condition of upper and lower surface, the nature when carrying out above-mentioned geometry bin Temperature Distribution and solving
The geometrical model of scene includes earth's surface and/or building, for the natural model comprising earth's surface, the boundary condition of subsurface be to
Temperature is kept invariable after up to underground certain depth, is formulated as T |Z=H=Tconst, wherein H represents subterranean depth,
TconstRepresent the constant temperature angle value of the depth once；Ground upper surface is exposed in natural environment, and its boundary condition is thermal balance
Condition, its equation of heat balance are α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Hg-LEg- G=0 wherein,α1、α2, ε be respectively
Sun short-wave absorption rate, sky longwave absorption rate and spontaneous emission coefficients, EsunFor solar irradiance, EskyFor sky irradiation level, ε
σT4For spontaneous radiation energy, HgExchange and lose for sensible flux, LEgFor heat transfer losses of diving, G is the downward heat transfer damage of earth's surface
Lose.
5. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 4, it is characterised in that for comprising building from
Right scene, coboundary are corresponded on the outside of building, meet thermal equilibrium condition α1Esun+α2Esky-εσT4-Qconv- G=0；Lower boundary pair
Inner side should be built, free convection heat exchange be present, meet condition Qconv|Z=H=h (T-Ta)；Wherein, QconvFor heat convection, h is
Build inner surface and indoor air convection coefficient, TaFor indoor temperature.
6. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the earth's surface includes a variety of materials
Matter, the building also include various material；
The temperature at the node of material boundary is solved using thermal equilibrium condition in the intersection of any two kinds of materials, in two kinds of materials
Intermediate node equation of heat balance is：
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Wherein, in formulaRepresent the temperature of n-th of node of t, Δ τ and Δ z are respectively time step and apart from step-length, a are
Thermal diffusion coefficient, k1, k2For the coefficient of heat conduction.
7. natural scene Calculation Method of Temperature Field according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
Zero value detection is carried out to the temperature texture of generation, and all zero points filled up using the method for filtering.
A kind of 8. natural scene Temperature calculating system based on OptiX, it is characterised in that including geometrical model establish unit,
Material texture forms unit and Temperature calculating unit；
The geometrical model establishes unit, for establishing the geometrical model of a certain natural scene, and forms the natural scene
Geometrical model texture, wherein, the geometrical model of the natural scene is made up of several geometry bins；
The material texture forms unit, for carrying out material classification to the geometrical model texture of the natural scene, by geometry
Unlike material in model texture separates, and generates the material texture of the natural scene, the pixel value of material texture is nature field
Material index number of the corresponding material in material concordance list in the geometrical model texture of scape；
The Temperature calculating unit, for the geometrical model according to the natural scene and the material line of the natural scene
Reason, one is carried out to all geometry bins in the geometrical model of the natural scene using OptiX using One-dimensional heat transfer model
Heat transfer parallel computation is tieed up, obtains the Temperature Distribution of each geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene；
Wherein, the Temperature calculating unit, is additionally operable to：
For each multiple sampled point of geometric surface meta design, the temperature of each sampled point is calculated, one is determined by multiple sampled points
The temperature of bin；
And the geometrical model texture coordinate according to the sampled point on the geometry bin in the geometrical model of the natural scene,
Temperature texture is generated by inverse texture, wherein, the geometry mould of a certain sampled point in the geometrical model of the natural scene
Type texture coordinate is (x, y), and corresponding temperature texel coordinates are (m, n), and the high width for the temperature texture to be generated is respectively W
And H, mapping mode are：M=x × (W-1)；N=y × (H-1)；According to temperature texel coordinates corresponding to a certain sampled point,
The temperature value for the sampled point being calculated is stored in corresponding pixel, the temperature texture of geometrical model is surrounded in generation.
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| CN112182908B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2024-04-02 | 北京适创科技有限公司 | Method for establishing temperature solver for casting mold thermal balance analysis |
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