CN104833907B - A kind of measuring system of GIS partial discharge and VFTO - Google Patents
A kind of measuring system of GIS partial discharge and VFTO Download PDFInfo
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- CN104833907B CN104833907B CN201510277165.8A CN201510277165A CN104833907B CN 104833907 B CN104833907 B CN 104833907B CN 201510277165 A CN201510277165 A CN 201510277165A CN 104833907 B CN104833907 B CN 104833907B
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Abstract
A kind of measuring system of GIS partial discharge and VFTO, including Moore fractal antennas and its signal processing system, the Moore fractal antennas include medium substrate and the earth plate and Moore points of shape conductor layer that are laid in medium substrate both sides respectively, by the length of three kinds of conducting line segments when determining conductor layer the size of each partdAnd widthbAs parameter, the resonant frequency of antenna is established according to the computational methods of folding line antenna resonant frequencyfAccounting equation, calculate conducting wire segment length corresponding with usable resonance frequencydAnd widthbOptimum value, to obtain required Moore fractal antennas.Moore fractal antennas are used as signal transducer by the present invention, which can meet GIS partial discharge and the measurement request of VFTO, can not only save measuring apparatus simultaneously, reduce measurement cost, and compact, it is easily installed inside GIS, to improve sensitivity and the anti-interference ability of equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind capable of measuring gas insulated combined electrical equipment simultaneously（GIS）Shelf depreciation and very fast transient mistake
Voltage（VFTO）The system of signal belongs to switching technique field.
Background technology
Gas insulated combined electrical equipment（GIS）It is a kind of new device just occurred the 1960s, is electrically set with original
It is standby to compare, GIS have floor space is small, safe and reliable to operation, the time between overhauls(TBO) is long, it is easy for installation, be not affected by the external environment
Advantage.In order to make plant maintenance personnel understand the operating condition of GIS in time, the latent defect of equipment is discovered and ruled out in time, is needed
To the shelf depreciation and very fast transient overvoltage inside GIS（VFTO）It is monitored.
Partial discharge pulse's width is up to 1-2ns when discharging in GIS, can stimulating frequency reach the electromagnetism of 1GHz or more
Wave.Therefore hyperfrequency method can be used to carry out Partial Discharge Detection to GIS.Due to fractal antenna have stringent self-similarity and
It is space filling, the multiband and miniaturized application of antenna may be implemented.Studying more fractal antenna at present mainly has Koch
Shape, Hilbert fractal antennas, Peano fractal antennas and Minkowski fractal antennas are divided in island, Sierpinski carpets, due to this
The volume of a little fractal antennas is not small enough, is typically placed on the outside of disc insulator, therefore received signal amplitude is low, easily by
Outer signals are interfered, and sensitivity and anti-interference ability are poor.
Moore fractal curves also belong to one kind of plane filled type fractal curve, and Fig. 1 is one bent to Moore points of shape of quadravalence
Wire shaped schematic diagram, Moore fractal curves can be described as：Square is divided into four small squares of single order, is sequentially connected
The square center in the lower left corner, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner obtains a point of shape unit（That is single order Moore divides shape）；It will
Each small square of single order is divided into four small squares of second order respectively, repeats the above process, the high-order point shape unit of generation is opened
Abide by certain rule in mouth direction（In Fig. 1, n=2 and when n=3, the lower left corner, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner high-order divide shape unit
Opening direction be followed successively by：It is left, under, under, it is right, when n=4, the lower left corner, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner high-order divide shape unit
Opening direction be followed successively by：It is right, right, left, left, it is identical when n ＞ 4 with n=4）, and connection divides shape unit in particular order
Opening（It is the high-order point shape unit opening for being sequentially connected the lower left corner, the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower right corner in Fig. 1）, finally must
The curve that can fill up entire square to one, here it is Moore curves.The height that the conductor layer of Moore fractal antennas is constituted
In rank fractal curve, two sides occurred in pairs are parallel wire（Fine line in Fig. 2）, the side for connecting parallel wire is short circuit
Terminal（Heavy line in Fig. 2）, the side that point shape unit is connected as to complete curve is additive wire section（Thick dashed line in Fig. 2）.
In Moore fractal antennas, three classes conducting wire（That is parallel wire, short circuit termination and additive wire）Length it is all equal, structure
It is compacter, it is easy to make the smaller antenna of volume.Therefore, rationally the parameter of setting Moore fractal antennas is expected to improve in GIS
The detection level of the shelf depreciation in portion.
Currently, very fast transient overvoltage（VFTO）Detection mainly using built-in capacitance probe method, pre-buried electrode method
With bottom shielding of bushing method, first two method is unsuitable for the GIS substations to have put into operation, and bottom shielding of bushing method can only measure outside GIS
VFTO, and these method Measurement bandwidths are narrow, and high-frequency cut-off frequency only has several MHz, and the frequency of VFTO is very high（It reaches as high as
Hundred MHz）, therefore ideal detection result can not be obtained.
Another distinct disadvantage of the prior art is to measure to carry out measurement of partial discharge and VFTO, needed on GIS cavitys
Two sets of measuring apparatus are installed, this adds increased the manufacturing costs of measuring system.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the drawback of the prior art, a kind of measurement system of GIS partial discharge and VFTO is provided
System, it can simplify the complexity of measuring system while ensureing detection result.
Problem of the present invention is solved with following technical proposals：
A kind of measuring system of GIS partial discharge and VFTO, composition include Moore fractal antennas and its signal processing system
System, the shelf depreciation and very fast transient overvoltage signal of Moore fractal antennas reception gas insulated combined electrical equipment are simultaneously sent to letter
Number processing system is handled；The Moore fractal antennas include medium substrate and are laid in connecing for medium substrate both sides respectively
Floor and Moore divide shape conductor layer；Conducting wire in the conductor layer is divided into three types, is referred to as parallel wire, short circuit eventually
End and additive wire, conducting wire parameter are divided into lengthdAnd widthb, numerical value establishes antenna according to folding line antenna resonant frequency
Resonant frequencyfFormula calculates conducting wire segment length corresponding with usable resonance frequencydAnd widthbOptimum value, to obtain
Required Moore fractal antennas.
The measuring system of above-mentioned GIS partial discharge and VFTO, the signal processing system include that filter, part is selected to put
Electric signal processing unit and VFTO signal processing units, the selection filter is interior to be equipped with high-pass filter and low-pass filter,
When carrying out VFTO measurements, VFTO signal processings are transferred to after the low-pass filtered device filtering of output signal of Moore fractal antennas
Unit；When carrying out measurement of partial discharge, the output signal of Moore fractal antennas is transferred to part after high pass filter filters
Discharge signal processing unit.
The measuring system of above-mentioned GIS partial discharge and VFTO, the fractal antenna are quadravalence, determine fractal antenna parameter
It is as follows：
1. the conducting line segment of antenna is divided into 64 pairs of parallel wires, 64 short circuit terminations and 63 additive wires, parallel conductive
The equal length of line, short circuit termination, additive wire is useddIt indicates；Of same size, the use of three classes conducting line segmentbIt indicates；
2. establishing antenna resonant frequencyfAccounting equation：
Wherein,c 0For the light velocity in vacuum,βFor phase constant,β=2π/λ,mFor the logarithm of parallel double conducting wire,m=64,sTo lead
Line segment total lengths=255d,k∈{0,R +}；
3. for differentD, bValue, calculates separately antenna resonant frequencyf, then according to resonant frequencyfUsable range
It determinesD, bOptimum value；
4. basisD, bOptimum value make Moore fractal antennas.
The material of the measuring system of above-mentioned GIS partial discharge and VFTO, the medium substrate is glass-epoxy
The material of copper-clad plate flame resistant material, temperature classification FR-4, thickness 2mm, the earth plate and conductor layer is copper.
The measuring system of above-mentioned GIS partial discharge and VFTO is provided through at the distributing point of Moore fractal antennas and connects
Floor, medium substrate and conductor layer through-hole.
Moore fractal antennas are used as signal transducer by the present invention, which has multiple inspections in 10MHz to 3GHz ranges
Frequency measurement band, has a good directionality, bandwidth, the features such as being convenient for impedance matching, can meet GIS partial discharge and VFTO simultaneously
Measurement request can not only save measuring apparatus, reduce measurement cost, and compact, be easily installed inside GIS, to
Improve sensitivity and the anti-interference ability of equipment.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is one to quadravalence Moore fractal curve schematic shapes；
Fig. 2 is conducting line segment classification schematic diagram in quadravalence Moore fractal antennas；
Fig. 3 is the quadravalence Moore fractal antenna front schematic views that the present invention designs；
Fig. 4 is the quadravalence Moore fractal antenna side schematic views that the present invention designs；
Fig. 5 is the quadravalence Moore fractal antenna stereograms that the present invention designs；
Fig. 6 is conducting wire segment lengthdFor 4mm, widthbFor 2mm when, dielectric substrate thickness be 2mm when, the standing-wave ratio of antenna is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is conducting wire segment lengthdFor 4mm, widthbFor 2mm when, dielectric substrate thickness be 2mm when, the three-dimensional of antenna
With gain schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the connection diagram of measuring system.
Each list of reference numerals is in figure：1, medium substrate, 2, conductor layer, 3, earth plate.
Each symbol inventory is in text：fFor resonant frequency,dFor the length of three kinds of conducting wires,bFor the width of three kinds of conducting wires,c 0For
The light velocity in vacuum,βFor phase constant,mFor the logarithm of parallel double conducting wire,sFor conducting line segment total length.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of systems for measuring GIS partial discharge and VFTO signals.The measuring system is mainly wrapped
Include Moore fractal antennas and signal processing system.
Moore fractal antennas are to lay Moore points of shape conductor layer 2 and earth plate 3 respectively in 1 both sides of medium substrate.Conducting wire
Layer 3（2）Inside conductor section is divided into parallel wire, short circuit termination conducting wire and three kinds of additive wire, the length of three kinds of conducting line segmentsd, width isb.The resonant frequency of Moore fractal antennas can be promoted according to the computational methods of folding line antenna resonant frequency
It arrives, Moore divides shape conducting line segment total inductanceL inIt is approximately equal to the inductance of half wavelength dipoles sub-antennaL d, i.e.,L in≈L d。
Assuming that quadravalence Moore fractal antenna short circuit termination conductor lengths are sufficiently small compared with wavelength, can to tan (βd/ 2) into
Three rank Taylor's formula of row is unfolded, and all resonant frequencies of Moore fractal antennas are obtainedf：
（1）
Wherein,c 0For the light velocity in vacuum,βFor phase constant,β=2π/λ,mFor the logarithm of parallel double conducting wirem=64,sTo lead
Line segment total lengths=255d,k∈{0,R +}。
If consider be to tan (βd/ 2) first order Taylor formula expansion is carried out, then is had
（2）
In this case,,.Because of conducting wire segment lengthdMuch smaller than required frequency wavelengthλ, therefore
When designing antenna, first order Taylor simplified formula equation may be used（2）Solve the resonant frequency of Moore fractal antennas.
The characteristics of Moore fractal antennas：
1. having multiple detection frequency bands in 10MHz to 3GHz ranges, detection frequency band is wider, and detection frequency band standing internal wave is than small
In 5, it is able to record shelf depreciation and the most information of VFTO.
2. with 50 ohm of output impedance, it is easy to form impedance matching with signal transmission line.
3. the directionality with ellipsoid has very high gain to the signal from antenna face, be conducive to receive
The local discharge signal that complicated catadioptric occurs in GIS chambers, especially has high sensitivity to small-signal.
Signal processing system includes selection filter, signal processing of partial discharge unit and VFTO signal processing units（Ginseng
See Fig. 8）, wherein VFTO signal processing units are made of VFTO second divided voltages device and harvester, the sample frequency of harvester
It is high（GHz or more）, data storage depth reach 100Mbytes or more, meet record VFTO complete procedures needs.Select filter
Inside it is divided into high-pass filter and low-pass filter.When carrying out VFTO measurements, select filter that signal is sent into low-pass filter,
VFTO signal processing units are transferred to after signal is filtered；When carrying out measurement of partial discharge, filter is selected to be sent into signal
High-pass filter is transferred to signal processing of partial discharge unit after signal is filtered.
It is useful for the element to local discharge signal detection, amplification, filtering inside signal processing of partial discharge unit, filters
The electromagnetic interferences such as communication signal, the white noise of coupling inlet signal are disposed, convenient for carrying out subsequent analysis to signal.At VFTO signals
It manages and contains derided capacitors in the VFTO second divided voltage units in unit, for carrying out voltage division processing to VFTO.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it elaborates to preferred embodiment.It is emphasized that following the description is merely exemplary
, the range being not intended to be limiting of the invention and its application.
As shown in Figures 2 to 5, antenna of the invention includes medium substrate 1, Moore points of 2 earth plate 3 of shape conductor layer.
Moore points of shape conductor layer 2 is laid in the upper surface of medium substrate 1, and the covering surface on medium substrate 1 is rectangular surfaces, covering surface
The length of side be conductor layer the length of side；Earth plate 3 is rectangular surfaces, is laid in the lower surface of medium substrate 1；Moore divides shape conductor layer 2
It is configured according to Moore quadravalence fractal principles, forms quadravalence radiator antenna element；It is provided with feedback on Moore points of shape conductor layer 2
Electric, distributing point is disposed proximate at the geometric center point of 1 covering surface of medium substrate.
In the present embodiment, Moore divides shape conductor layer 2 to be copper foil, according to the width for the conducting line segment for calculating gainedbFor 2mm,
Conducting wire segment lengthdFor 4mm, medium substrate 1 uses glass-epoxy copper-clad plate flame resistant material（FR-4）, thickness 2mm,
Width is 62mm.
Fig. 6 is conducting wire segment lengthdFor 4mm, widthbFor 2mm, the standing wave schematic diagram of antenna when dielectric substrate thickness is 2mm.
As seen in Figure 6, antenna has 6 resonant frequency points within the scope of 300MHz-3GHz, and bandwidth all compares at resonant frequency point
It is wider, meanwhile, the VSWR within the scope of 10MHz-300MHz<5 band limits is 80MHz-160MHz, and antenna can detect frequency
Higher VFTO, and frequency range is also wider, disclosure satisfy that design and use requirement.Emulate obtained antenna direction and gain signal
Figure can receive the electromagnetic wave signal from all directions as shown in fig. 7, antenna has the directionality of ellipsoid, directionality with
Gain is all relatively good.
Claims (3)
1. the measuring system of a kind of GIS partial discharge and VFTO, characterized in that including Moore fractal antennas and its signal processing
System, Moore fractal antennas receive gas insulated combined electrical equipment shelf depreciation and very fast transient overvoltage signal and send to
Signal processing system is handled；The Moore fractal antennas include medium substrate (1) and are laid in medium substrate (1) respectively
The earth plate (3) and Moore of both sides divide shape conductor layer (2)；Conducting wire in the conductor layer (2) is divided into three types, claims respectively
For parallel wire, short circuit termination and additive wire, conducting wire parameter is divided into length d and width b, and numerical value is humorous according to bending wire antenna
Vibration frequency establishes the resonant frequency f formula of antenna, calculates conducting wire segment length d corresponding with usable resonance frequency and width b
Optimum value, to obtain required Moore fractal antennas；
The signal processing system includes selection filter, signal processing of partial discharge unit and VFTO signal processing units, institute
It states in selection filter and is equipped with high-pass filter and low-pass filter, when carrying out VFTO measurements, the output of Moore fractal antennas
It is transferred to VFTO signal processing units after the low-pass filtered device filtering of signal；When carrying out measurement of partial discharge, Moore divides shape day
The output signal of line is transferred to signal processing of partial discharge unit after high pass filter filters；
The fractal antenna is quadravalence, determines that fractal antenna parameter is as follows：
1. the conducting line segment of antenna is divided into 64 pairs of parallel wires, 64 short circuit terminations and 63 additive wires, it is parallel wire, short
Road terminal, the equal length of additive wire, are indicated with d；Three classes conducting line segment it is of same size, indicated with b；
2. establishing the accounting equation of antenna resonant frequency f：
Wherein, c0For the light velocity in vacuum, β is phase constant, and β=2 π/λ, m are the logarithm of parallel wire, and m=64, s are conducting line segment
Total length s=255d, k ∈ { 0, R+}；
3. for different d, b values calculate separately antenna resonant frequency f, then determine d according to the usable range of resonant frequency f,
The optimum value of b；
4. according to d, the optimum value of b makes Moore fractal antennas；
The Moore antennas have 6 resonant frequency points within the scope of 300MHz-3GHz；
It is provided with distributing point on point shape conductor layer (2), distributing point is disposed proximate in the geometric center of medium substrate (1) covering surface
At point.
2. the measuring system of GIS partial discharge according to claim 1 and VFTO, characterized in that the medium substrate (1)
Material be glass-epoxy copper-clad plate flame resistant material, temperature classification FR-4, thickness 2mm, the earth plate
(3) and the material of conductor layer (2) is copper.
3. the measuring system of GIS partial discharge according to claim 2 and VFTO, characterized in that in Moore fractal antennas
Distributing point at be provided through the through-hole of earth plate (3), medium substrate (1) and conductor layer (2).
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| CN105633566A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-06-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Moore space-filling curve-based slotted broadband UC-EBG structure and design method thereof |
| CN105305062A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Wunderlich fractal antenna for electric appliance partial discharge ultrahigh-frequency detection and design method |
| CN106645876A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 国家电网公司 | Measurement system and measurement method for high-frequency transit voltage in GIS |
| CN107121625B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-12-31 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Miniature LS Peano fractal antenna for partial discharge ultrahigh frequency detection |
| CN108598671A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 重庆大学 | It is a kind of to divide shape unit helical antenna for the detection of transmission line of electricity corona discharge |
| CN108872699A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-11-23 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of VFTO on-line data acquisition device |
| CN111487512A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | VFTO and partial discharge monitoring system and method for GIS transformer substation |
| CN117691561B (en) * | 2024-01-31 | 2024-04-26 | 华中科技大学 | Secondary equipment cooperative protection method for resonance overvoltage |
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