CN104820238A - Method and device for local seismic trace interpolation - Google Patents
Method and device for local seismic trace interpolation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104820238A CN104820238A CN201510240876.8A CN201510240876A CN104820238A CN 104820238 A CN104820238 A CN 104820238A CN 201510240876 A CN201510240876 A CN 201510240876A CN 104820238 A CN104820238 A CN 104820238A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for local seismic trace interpolation. The method comprises: obtaining three existed seismic traces which are closest to a to-be-interpolated seismic trace and satisfy preset conditions; calculating first time derivative of each seismic trace in the three existed seismic traces; for each sampling point of a central seismic traces, calculating weighted difference of two adjacent seismic traces at the same time, and weighted sum of the first time derivative of the three seismic traces; for each sampling point of the central seismic traces, calculating instant time-difference between traces of signals corresponding to the sampling point; calculating spatial distance between the central seismic trace and the to-be-interpolated seismic trace; according to the instant time-difference between traces of the signal corresponding to each sampling point and the spatial distance, extrapolating the value of the central seismic trace to the to-be-interpolated seismic trace. The method and the device solves problems that ordinary local interpolation needs too many seismic traces and sampling points, thereby realizing objectives of realizing local interpolation through few seismic traces and time sampling points.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geophysical exploration, particularly a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation method and apparatus.
Background technology
Because field earthquake-capturing is by the restriction of geographical conditions, humane condition, seismic condition and economic condition, the geological data of collection often needs to carry out house data regularization and interpolation processing, to meet the needs of seismic imaging and inverting.
Earthquake interpolation method can be divided into by the data volume needed for interpolation and interpolation operator length: the three major types interpolation methods such as local interpolation, overall interpolation and the interpolation between local and the overall situation.Generally, overall interpolation method interpolation can go out the interior data in large clear area, but cost compare is high, and the cost of local interpolation method is minimum, but only interpolation can go out the interior data in little clear area, interpolation cannot go out the interior data in large clear area.In the process that reality performs, any interpolation method is selected generally to depend on economic condition and the processing requirements to seismic data.
Local interpolation method generally refers to neighboring trace interpolation method, at present conventional local interpolation method has: the interpolation method based on part Radon transform, the method for interpolation based on inclination angle, local, based on the interpolation method of predicated error filtering and the interpolation method etc. based on the plane wave differential equation, the data volume that these interpolation methods are required when realizing and interpolation operator length all different.
How counted by little earthquake number of channels and little time-sampling and just can realize local interpolation, seem particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation method, to be reached through little seismic trace and time-sampling point just can realize local interpolation, the method comprises:
Obtain the seismic trace of distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
Calculate the first time derivative of each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
Middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center be calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces;
To each sampled point of described center seismic trace, utilize to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
Space length between the seismic trace calculating described center seismic trace and described interpolation;
According to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, the numerical value of described center seismic trace is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation.
In one embodiment, described predetermined condition is:
Volume coordinate meets h
k> x
k> y
k> z
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x, or, x
k> y
k> z
k> h
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x
Wherein, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation, and Δ x represents the track pitch of adjacent seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces.
In one embodiment, according to the first time derivative of each seismic trace in three existing seismic traces described in following formulae discovery:
Wherein, V
k(y
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of center seismic trace, U
k(x
k, t
n) and W
k(z
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, C respectively
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace, B
kand D
krepresent the numerical value of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, n represents the sequence number of the time-sampling point of seismic trace, t
nrepresent the sampling time of the n-th sampled point, Δ t represents the time sampling interval of seismic trace, and k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation.
In one embodiment, according to weighted difference described in following formulae discovery:
R
k(y
k,t
n)＝2(B
k(x
k,t
n)-D
k(z
k,t
n))
According to weighted sum described in following formulae discovery:
S
k(y
k,t
n)＝U
k(x
k,t
n)+2V
k(y
k,t
n)+W
k(z
k,t
n)
Wherein, R
krepresent the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, S
krepresent the weighted sum of the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces.
In one embodiment, according to signal corresponding to seismic trace each sampled point in center described in following formulae discovery instantaneous road between the time difference:
Wherein, τ
kthe time difference between the instantaneous road representing the signal of described center seismic trace, the length of window during half process that L expression represents with sampling number.
In one embodiment, according to the space length described in following formulae discovery between center seismic trace and the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Δd
k＝y
k-h
k
Wherein, Δ d
kspace length between expression center seismic trace and the seismic trace of interpolation, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, k represents the sequence number of interpolation seismic trace.
In one embodiment, according to following formula, the numerical value of described center seismic trace is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Wherein, A
krepresent the numerical value of the seismic trace of interpolation, C
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace.
In one embodiment, the seismic trace obtaining distance interpolation nearest and before meeting three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition, said method also comprises:
Obtain two-dimension earthquake data source, wherein, described two-dimension earthquake data source comprises: two-dimension earthquake road collection or two-dimension earthquake section;
According to interpolation demand, determine the sequence number and the volume coordinate that need the seismic trace of interpolation in described two-dimension earthquake data source;
The seismic trace of interpolation that needs determined is set to zero track;
To the described seismic trace of interpolation that needs after zero track be set to as the seismic trace of described interpolation.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation device, and to be reached through little seismic trace and time-sampling point just can realize local interpolation, this device comprises:
Seismic trace acquiring unit, the seismic trace for obtaining distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
First time derivative computing unit, for calculating the first time derivative of each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
Numerical calculation unit, for middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center will be calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces;
Time difference computing unit between instantaneous road, for each sampled point to described center seismic trace, utilizes to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
Space length computing unit, for calculate described center seismic trace and described interpolation seismic trace between space length;
Extrapolation unit, for according to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation by the numerical value of described center seismic trace.
In one embodiment, said apparatus also comprises:
Data source acquiring unit, for obtaining two-dimension earthquake data source, wherein, described two-dimension earthquake data source comprises: two-dimension earthquake road collection or two-dimension earthquake section;
Need interpolation seismic trace determining unit, for according to interpolation demand, determine the sequence number and the volume coordinate that need the seismic trace of interpolation in described two-dimension earthquake data source;
Zero setting road unit, for being set to zero track by the seismic trace of interpolation that needs determined;
Interpolation seismic trace determining unit, for being set to the described seismic trace of interpolation that needs after zero track as the seismic trace of described interpolation.
In embodiments of the present invention, in the above-described embodiment, propose a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation method and apparatus, changed into the instantaneous time difference of estimation lineups by the method for the instantaneous slowness of the estimation lineups by the plane wave differential equation, and just can realize local interpolation by the instantaneous time difference calculating of lineups, and the instantaneous time difference of lineups only needs just can be estimated by three seismic traces and three sampled points, therefore only need to rely on very little data volume just can realize local interpolation by said method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a application's part, does not form limitation of the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is according to the method flow diagram of local earthquake's trace interpolation method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the composite traces containing uniformly distributed noise according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the composite traces schematic diagram containing uniformly distributed noise containing 100 meters of width blanking bars according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is time difference diagrammatic cross-section between the instantaneous road corresponding to Fig. 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram Fig. 3 being carried out to the composite traces containing uniformly distributed noise after interpolation according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structured flowchart of the local earthquake's trace interpolation device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is another structured flowchart of the local earthquake's trace interpolation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.At this, exemplary embodiment of the present invention and illustrating for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Inventor considers the instantaneous time difference that the method for traditional instantaneous slowness based on plane wave differential equation estimation lineups can be changed into estimation lineups, then local interpolation is realized by the instantaneous time difference computing formula of high-precision lineups, thus make it possible to just can estimate instantaneous time difference except lineups corresponding to a certain sampled point by means of only three seismic traces and three sampled points, thus achieve based on few seismic trace and sampling number realize the object of local interpolation as far as possible.
Propose a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation method in this example, as shown in Figure 1, comprise the following steps:
Step 101: obtain the seismic trace of distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
Specifically, the seismic trace for interpolation can be determined in such a way:
S1: be the composite traces schematic diagram containing uniformly distributed noise as shown in Figure 2, collect two-dimension earthquake section as shown in Figure 2, the track pitch recorded in fig. 2 is 20 meters, time sampling interval is 2 milliseconds, in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 hereafter, the track pitch of record is also 20 meters, and time sampling interval is also 2 milliseconds, hereinafter will repeat no more;
S2: according to the demand of interpolation, determines the one or more sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation and locus of these seismic traces of needing;
S3: the numerical value of the seismic trace (namely interpolation road hereafter represents the seismic trace of interpolation) of these interpolations is set to 0, is set to zero track by interpolation road:
A(h
k,t
n)＝0
Wherein, A represents the numerical value in interpolation road, h
krepresent the volume coordinate in interpolation road, n and t
nrepresent the sequence number of time-sampling point and the time of the n-th sampled point in interpolation road respectively, k represents the sequence number in interpolation road, is the composite traces schematic diagram containing uniformly distributed noise be set in interpolation road after zero track as shown in Figure 3;
After the seismic trace determining interpolation in the manner described above, just can carry out by road interpolation according to the sequence number k in interpolation road order from small to large or from big to small.But it should be noted that, why illustrating it is order according to from small to large or from big to small in this example, is only to better the present invention is described, when specific implementation, the order can determining by road interpolation according to actual needs is not must carry out according to this order.
For each interpolation road, first need according to above-mentioned steps 101 obtain the seismic trace of distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition, such as: obtain B
k(x
k, t
n), C
k(y
k, t
n) and D
k(z
k, t
n), the following condition of volume coordinate demand fulfillment of these three seismic traces:
H
k> x
k> y
k> z
kor x
k> y
k> z
k> h
k, and need to ensure x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x.
Wherein, B
kand D
kthe numerical value of two by-pass seismic traces in the existing seismic trace that expression three is adjacent respectively, C
krepresent the numerical value of the center seismic trace of three adjacent existing seismic traces, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, n represents the sequence number of the time-sampling point of seismic trace, t
nrepresent the sampling time of the n-th sampled point, Δ t represents the time sampling interval of seismic trace, and k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation, and Δ x represents the track pitch of adjacent seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces.
Step 102: the first time derivative calculating each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
In the process that reality performs, can make according to the first order derivative of its correspondence of numerical evaluation of each seismic trace in above-mentioned three existing seismic traces, such as, can according to the first time derivative of each seismic trace in following formulae discovery three existing seismic traces: U
k(x
k, t
n), W
k(z
k, t
n) and V
k(y
k, t
n):
Wherein, V
k(y
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of center seismic trace, U
k(x
k, t
n) and W
k(z
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, wherein, Δ t=dt represents the time sampling interval of seismic trace.
Step 103: middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center is calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization, also two seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center can be become adjacent seismic trace;
Particularly, can according to two amounts below each sampled point of following formulae discovery center seismic trace:
R
k(y
k,t
n)＝2(B
k(x
k,t
n)-D
k(z
k,t
n))
S
k(y
k,t
n)＝U
k(x
k,t
n)+2V
k(y
k,t
n)+W
k(z
k,t
n)
Wherein, R
krepresent the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, S
krepresent the weighted sum of the first time derivative of three existing seismic traces.
Step 104: to each sampled point of described center seismic trace, utilizes to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
According to the above-mentioned weighted difference obtained in step 103 and weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road that just can obtain signal corresponding to each sampled point of center seismic trace according to following formulae discovery:
Wherein, τ
kthe time difference between the instantaneous road representing the signal of described center seismic trace, the length of window during half process that L expression represents with sampling number is time difference diagrammatic cross-section between the instantaneous road that calculates of the section of this formula of application to Fig. 2 as shown in Figure 4.
Step 105: the space length between the seismic trace calculating described center seismic trace and described interpolation;
Particularly, can according to the space length described in following formulae discovery between center seismic trace and the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Δd
k＝y
k-h
k
Wherein, Δ d
kspace length between expression center seismic trace and the seismic trace of interpolation, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, k represents the sequence number of interpolation seismic trace.
Step 106: according to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, the numerical value of described center seismic trace is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation;
That is, the space length that between the instantaneous road calculated according to step 104, the time difference and step 105 calculate, can be extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation, to realize local interpolation by the numerical value of described center seismic trace according to following formula:
Wherein, A
krepresent the numerical value of the seismic trace of interpolation, C
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace is carry out the intention of the cross-section illustration after interpolation according to this formula to the seismic trace shown in Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 5.
In the above-described embodiment, propose a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation method, changed into the instantaneous time difference of estimation lineups by the method for the instantaneous slowness of the estimation lineups by the plane wave differential equation, and just can realize local interpolation by the instantaneous time difference calculating of lineups, and the instantaneous time difference of lineups only needs just can be estimated by three seismic traces and three sampled points, therefore only need to rely on very little data volume just can realize local interpolation by said method, further, because be the local interpolation method based on the plane wave differential equation, also the needs of 2D Generalized S RME onboard data regularization can be adapted to.
Based on same inventive concept, additionally provide a kind of local earthquake trace interpolation device in the embodiment of the present invention, as described in the following examples.The principle of dealing with problems due to local earthquake's trace interpolation device is similar to local earthquake trace interpolation method, and therefore the enforcement of local earthquake's trace interpolation device see the enforcement of local earthquake's trace interpolation method, can repeat part and repeat no more.Following used, term " unit " or " module " can realize the software of predetermined function and/or the combination of hardware.Although the device described by following examples preferably realizes with software, hardware, or the realization of the combination of software and hardware also may and conceived.Fig. 6 is a kind of structured flowchart of local earthquake's trace interpolation device of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, comprise: time difference computing unit 604, space length computing unit 605 and extrapolation unit 606 between seismic trace acquiring unit 601, first time derivative computing unit 602, numerical calculation unit 603, instantaneous road, be described this structure below.
Seismic trace acquiring unit 601, the seismic trace for obtaining distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
First time derivative computing unit 602, for calculating the first time derivative of each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
Numerical calculation unit 603, for middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center will be calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces;
Time difference computing unit 604 between instantaneous road, for each sampled point to described center seismic trace, utilizes to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
Space length computing unit 605, for calculate described center seismic trace and described interpolation seismic trace between space length;
Extrapolation unit 606, for according to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation by the numerical value of described center seismic trace.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned predetermined condition can be: volume coordinate meets h
k> x
k> y
k> z
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x, or, x
k> y
k> z
k> h
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x
Wherein, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation, and Δ x represents the track pitch of adjacent seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces.
In one embodiment, first time derivative computing unit 602 can according to the first time derivative of each seismic trace in three existing seismic traces described in following formulae discovery:
Wherein, V
k(y
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of center seismic trace, U
k(x
k, t
n) and W
k(z
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, C respectively
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace, B
kand D
krepresent the numerical value of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, n represents the sequence number of the time-sampling point of seismic trace, t
nrepresent the sampling time of the n-th sampled point, Δ t represents the time sampling interval of seismic trace, and k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation.
In one embodiment, numerical calculation unit 603 can according to weighted difference described in following formulae discovery:
R
k(y
k,t
n)＝2(B
k(x
k,t
n)-D
k(z
k,t
n))
According to weighted sum described in following formulae discovery:
S
k(y
k,t
n)＝U
k(x
k,t
n)+2V
k(y
k,t
n)+W
k(z
k,t
n)
Wherein, R
krepresent the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, S
krepresent the weighted sum of the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces.
In one embodiment, between instantaneous road, time difference computing unit 604 can according to the time difference between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to seismic trace each sampled point in center described in following formulae discovery:
Wherein, τ
kthe time difference between the instantaneous road representing the signal of described center seismic trace, the length of window during half process that L expression represents with sampling number.
In one embodiment, space length computing unit 605 can according to the space length described in following formulae discovery between center seismic trace and the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Δd
k＝y
k-h
k
Wherein, Δ d
kspace length between expression center seismic trace and the seismic trace of interpolation, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, k represents the sequence number of interpolation seismic trace.
In one embodiment, the numerical value of described center seismic trace according to following formula, can be extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation by extrapolation unit 606:
Wherein, A
krepresent the numerical value of the seismic trace of interpolation, C
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace.
As shown in Figure 7, local earthquake's trace interpolation device can also comprise: data source acquiring unit 701, and for obtaining two-dimension earthquake data source, wherein, described two-dimension earthquake data source comprises: two-dimension earthquake road collection or two-dimension earthquake section; Need interpolation seismic trace determining unit 702, for according to interpolation demand, determine the sequence number and the volume coordinate that need the seismic trace of interpolation in described two-dimension earthquake data source; Zero setting road unit 703, for being set to zero track by the seismic trace of interpolation that needs determined; Interpolation seismic trace determining unit 704, for being set to the described seismic trace of interpolation that needs after zero track as the seismic trace of described interpolation.
In another embodiment, additionally provide a kind of software, this software is for performing the technical scheme described in above-described embodiment and preferred implementation.
In another embodiment, additionally provide a kind of storage medium, store above-mentioned software in this storage medium, this storage medium includes but not limited to: CD, floppy disk, hard disk, scratch pad memory etc.
From above description, can find out, the embodiment of the present invention achieves following technique effect: in the above-described embodiment, changed into the instantaneous time difference of estimation lineups by the method for the instantaneous slowness of the estimation lineups by the plane wave differential equation, and just can realize local interpolation by the instantaneous time difference calculating of lineups, and the instantaneous time difference of lineups only needs just can be estimated by three seismic traces and three sampled points, therefore only need to rely on very little data volume just can realize local interpolation by said method, further, because be the local interpolation method based on the plane wave differential equation, also the needs of 2D Generalized S RME (elimination of earth's surface related multiple) onboard data regularization can be adapted to.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, each module of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or be distributed on network that multiple calculation element forms, alternatively, they can realize with the executable program code of calculation element, thus, they can be stored and be performed by calculation element in the storage device, and in some cases, step shown or described by can performing with the order be different from herein, or they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, or the multiple module in them or step are made into single integrated circuit module to realize.Like this, the embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. local earthquake's trace interpolation method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the seismic trace of distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
Calculate the first time derivative of each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
Middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center be calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces;
To each sampled point of described center seismic trace, utilize to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
Space length between the seismic trace calculating described center seismic trace and described interpolation;
According to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, the numerical value of described center seismic trace is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described predetermined condition is:
Volume coordinate meets h
k> x
k> y
k> z
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x, or, x
k> y
k> z
k> h
kand x
k-y
k=y
k-z
k=Δ x
Wherein, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation, and Δ x represents the track pitch of adjacent seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the first time derivative according to each seismic trace in three existing seismic traces described in following formulae discovery:
Wherein, V
k(y
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of center seismic trace, U
k(x
k, t
n) and W
k(z
k, t
n) represent the value of the first time derivative of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, C respectively
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace, B
kand D
krepresent the numerical value of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, x
kand z
krepresent the volume coordinate of other two seismic traces in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center respectively, n represents the sequence number of the time-sampling point of seismic trace, t
nrepresent the sampling time of the n-th sampled point, Δ t represents the time sampling interval of seismic trace, and k represents the sequence number of the seismic trace of interpolation.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
According to weighted difference described in following formulae discovery:
R
k(y
k,t
n)＝2(B
k(x
k,t
n)-D
k(z
k,t
n))
According to weighted sum described in following formulae discovery:
S
k(y
k,t
n)＝U
k(x
k,t
n)+2V
k(y
k,t
n)+W
k(z
k,t
n)
Wherein, R
krepresent the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces except the seismic trace of described center, S
krepresent the weighted sum of the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, according to signal corresponding to seismic trace each sampled point in center described in following formulae discovery instantaneous road between the time difference:
Wherein, τ
kthe time difference between the instantaneous road representing the signal of described center seismic trace, the length of window during half process that L expression represents with sampling number.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the space length according to described in following formulae discovery between center seismic trace and the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Δd
k＝y
k-h
k
Wherein, Δ d
kspace length between expression center seismic trace and the seismic trace of interpolation, h
krepresent the volume coordinate of the seismic trace of interpolation, y
kthe volume coordinate of expression center seismic trace, k represents the sequence number of interpolation seismic trace.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, according to following formula, the numerical value of described center seismic trace is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation:
Wherein, A
krepresent the numerical value of the seismic trace of interpolation, C
kthe numerical value of expression center seismic trace.
8. the method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, the seismic trace obtaining distance interpolation nearest and before meeting three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition, described method also comprises:
Obtain two-dimension earthquake data source, wherein, described two-dimension earthquake data source comprises: two-dimension earthquake road collection or two-dimension earthquake section;
According to interpolation demand, determine the sequence number and the volume coordinate that need the seismic trace of interpolation in described two-dimension earthquake data source;
The seismic trace of interpolation that needs determined is set to zero track;
To the described seismic trace of interpolation that needs after zero track be set to as the seismic trace of described interpolation.
9. local earthquake's trace interpolation device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Seismic trace acquiring unit, the seismic trace for obtaining distance interpolation nearest and meet three existing seismic traces of predetermined condition;
First time derivative computing unit, for calculating the first time derivative of each seismic trace in described three existing seismic traces;
Numerical calculation unit, for middle seismic trace will be positioned in described three existing seismic traces as center seismic trace, seismic trace each sampled point in described center will be calculated to the weighted sum of the weighted difference of two seismic trace sampled points in described three existing seismic traces of synchronization except the seismic trace of described center and the first time derivative of described three existing seismic traces;
Time difference computing unit between instantaneous road, for each sampled point to described center seismic trace, utilizes to all described weighted difference in timing window and described weighted sum, the time difference between the instantaneous road calculating signal corresponding to this sampled point;
Space length computing unit, for calculate described center seismic trace and described interpolation seismic trace between space length;
Extrapolation unit, for according to the time difference and described space length between the instantaneous road of signal corresponding to described center seismic trace each sampled point, is extrapolated to the seismic trace of described interpolation by the numerical value of described center seismic trace.
10. device as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Data source acquiring unit, for obtaining two-dimension earthquake data source, wherein, described two-dimension earthquake data source comprises: two-dimension earthquake road collection or two-dimension earthquake section;
Need interpolation seismic trace determining unit, for according to interpolation demand, determine the sequence number and the volume coordinate that need the seismic trace of interpolation in described two-dimension earthquake data source;
Zero setting road unit, for being set to zero track by the seismic trace of interpolation that needs determined;
Interpolation seismic trace determining unit, for being set to the described seismic trace of interpolation that needs after zero track as the seismic trace of described interpolation.
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