CN104819963A - Measurement method and monitoring system of atmosphere vertical visibility - Google Patents
Measurement method and monitoring system of atmosphere vertical visibility Download PDFInfo
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- CN104819963A CN104819963A CN201510228355.0A CN201510228355A CN104819963A CN 104819963 A CN104819963 A CN 104819963A CN 201510228355 A CN201510228355 A CN 201510228355A CN 104819963 A CN104819963 A CN 104819963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measurement method and a monitoring system of atmosphere vertical visibility. In the measurement method, by means of a new relationship of extinction coefficient to visibility, which is established through a laser cloud height instrument and a visibility instrument, an influence on the vertical visibility due to difference of the relationship of the extinction coefficient to the visibility since the micro-physical characters of atmospheric aerosol particles are different can be overcome, so that the atmosphere vertical visibility can be measured more definitely and can be applied in various environments. The monitoring system can achieve monitoring of the atmosphere vertical visibility in real time in all weather in an unmanned unattended operation manner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay method and supervisory system of SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility.
Background technology
Visibility is an important meteorological observation key element.Along with world technology and expanding economy, there are more and more higher requirement in Aero-Space, sea-lanes of communication, environmental monitoring and defense sector to accurately observing and predicting of visibility.Therefore, visibility measurement instrument development and application just seem even more important.After nineteen twenty-four Koschmieder sets up visibility measurement basic theories, domestic and international many experts are devoted to the development work of visibility measurement instrument, in decades, no matter theoretically or from reality, visibility measurement instrument and theory are ripe day by day.Along with popularizing of computing machine, the popularization of integrated circuit, visibility measurement instrument is also regenerated in continuous renewal, and application market substitutes subjective visual inspection by the 50's is applied to airport expansion on a small quantity and is provided to all kinds of airport, harbour, bridge, highway, railway, environmental protection, meteorological station, forest and defense sector in a large number up till now.
When vertical visibility refers to that sky has mist, floating dust, low clouds or precipitation in vain, with the naked eye can see the ultimate range of object on the ground vertically upward.SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility not only can reflect atmospheric envelope degree of stability, can also as the important factor judging property of air mass and Pollution Study.In addition, the visibility on SEQUENCING VERTICAL direction also provides safety guarantee for takeoff and landing and daily life, especially has material impact to antiaircraft security bureau, more and more receives everybody concern.Therefore, carry out detection study to SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility to have very important significance.At present, also little to the detection study of vertical visibility, usually with discharging balloon or light is observed, the vertical visibility distance that this method measures, be the invisible height of balloon or light, it is real SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility not necessarily.And discharge balloon and carry out vertical visibility detection, cost is too high, it not best vertical visibility detection method.
The method being used for measuring horizontal visibility at present mainly contains range estimation, transmission-type visibility meter, diffuse transmission type visiometer.General title transmission-type visibility meter is transmissometer, and transmissometer is a kind of transmittance meter occurred the earliest.What develop the earliest is single-ended transmissometer, and due to its huge structure, use the reverberator difficulty of processing that installation is inconvenient, instrument adopts large, and error is difficult to overcome, this transmissometer is eliminated.Occurred both-end transmissometer after single-ended transmissometer, this transmissometer overcomes the shortcoming of single-ended transmissometer, and through constantly perfect, be applied to now, measure theory is comparative maturity also always.Another kind is diffuse transmission type, and when light is by air, the extinction effect of generation causes primarily of absorption and scattering, absorbs and depends on air length to a great extent.If air length is enough little, so absorption effect just can be ignored, and based on this point, if can measure the extinction effect that scattering causes, just can determine visibility value.And the enough little this point of air length just shows that measuring scattered light does not need baseline, this just overcomes the defect of transmissometer.Along with the appearance of scattering theory, scatterometer just grows up very soon.Receive the scattered light of different directions according to receiver, scatterometer can be divided into 3 kinds: lateral scattering instrument, back scattering instrument and forward scattering instrument.But these methods are restricted to measurement vertical visibility.Still very difficult to the observation of vertical visibility now, first artificial observation vertical visibility, do not have concrete target object of reference, bring difficulty to observation, observed result has uncertainty.Secondly, in vertical direction, gasoloid is uneven, causes the relation of visibility and extinction coefficient to lose efficacy, i.e. the inapplicable calculating with vertical visibility of relational expression.In addition, experiment shows, because ground gasoloid kind is different, its optical characteristics also has very large difference, and cause aerosol extinction and visibility relation also unstable, these all increase the difficulty detected vertical visibility.
Laser-ceilometer is a kind of cloud automatic observation equipment based on laser radar principle, can obtain the extinction coefficient of differing heights thus draw SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility, but the subject matter being badly in need of solving at present is the impact of difference on vertical visibility causing extinction coefficient and visibility relation because atmospheric aerosol particle microphysical property is different.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the defect existed in prior art, there is provided that a kind of to overcome large particulate microphysical property different and cause the impact of difference on vertical visibility of extinction coefficient and visibility relation, obtain the measuring method of more definite SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of assay method of SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) visiometer and Laser-ceilometer is adopted to measure visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α respectively;
(2) gather many group visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α by step (1), carry out matching, determine both relational expressions
v=f (α);
(3) relational expression determined in step (2) is utilized
v=f (α)obtain the visibility at differing heights place
v i , and the distance length that this visibility is corresponding
l i , the extinction coefficient at differing heights place
α i , calculate different distance length place to specific damping
ε i ＇, thus obtain the atmospheric transmittance at differing heights place;
(4) integrate the atmospheric transmittance at many group SEQUENCING VERTICAL increasing height places, finally calculate SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility V
t.
Wherein, the extinction coefficient of the 20 m At The Heights that the preferred Laser-ceilometer of Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α records in step (1).
In step (2), linear fit is carried out to many group visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α, determines that both relational expressions are:
, wherein a=-1.48, b=5.23, a and b test the empirical value drawn, V unit is km.
Different distance length place to specific damping in step (3)
ε i ＇:
, atmospheric transmittance is:
.
SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility V in step (4)
tfor:
.
Present invention also offers a kind of SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility supervisory system adopting said determination method, this supervisory system comprises visiometer, computing machine and Laser-ceilometer; Computing machine is connected with Laser-ceilometer with visiometer respectively.
Above-mentioned visiometer adopts forward scattering type visiometer.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
1, existing instrument is utilized, better in conjunction with the measurement data feature of diffuse transmission type visiometer and Laser-ceilometer, accurately convenient;
2, the impact of difference on vertical visibility causing extinction coefficient and visibility relation because atmospheric aerosol particle microphysical property is different is overcome;
3, diffuse transmission type visiometer is utilized to set up the relation of earth's surface extinction coefficient profile and visibility, and the visibility profile that this relational application records in Laser-ceilometer is obtained upper atmosphere visibility, measure the SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility in each area under this cover method can apply to various environment;
4, supervisory system of the present invention can utilize laser visibility meter and the real-time round-the-clock unmanned observation of Laser-ceilometer monitoring vertical visibility on duty.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility assay method process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility supervisory system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 2, SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility supervisory system of the present invention comprises computing machine, forward scattering type visiometer and Laser-ceilometer.Computing machine is connected with Laser-ceilometer with forward scattering type visiometer respectively.
As shown in Figure 1, the determination step of the present invention to SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility is as follows:
A. forward scattering visibility meter is utilized to record visibility V1(forward scattering type visiometer to Emission Lasers in air, and by laser and suspended particle generation scattering and the light pulse transmitted receive, and converge on the receiving plane of silicon photoelectric sensor, transfer light signal to electric signal, be sent to controller to process, then calculate visibility value V1 through CPU sampling);
B. (Laser-ceilometer is to Vertical Launch laser pulse in air to utilize Laser-ceilometer to measure Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α, and the scattered light after the gasoloid of laser pulse and air, steam, atmospheric molecule generation scattering process is received, be converted into photocurrent through light signal and be sent to laser processing system, carry out the analyzing and processing of data according to the program of setting, thus realize the measurement of Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α);
C. in the same time from different places, forward scattering type visiometer and Laser-ceilometer work is controlled by computing machine under Different climate environment, forward scattering type visiometer obtains many group visibility V1, the extinction coefficient α that many groups are corresponding is all obtained at each different feed back height place of Laser-ceilometer, in input computing machine, linear fit is carried out respectively (as carried out linear fit to the extinction coefficient of many group visibility and 10m place correspondence to the often group data of differing heights, linear fit is carried out to the extinction coefficient of many group visibility and 20m place correspondence, linear fit etc. is carried out to the extinction coefficient of many group visibility and 30m place correspondence), fitting result shows, the fitting effect that Laser-ceilometer records the extinction coefficient at 20m place and visibility is best, obtain the relational expression of visibility and extinction coefficient:
, wherein a=-1.48, b=5.23,
D. above-mentioned relation formula is utilized to obtain differing heights place visibility in vertical direction
v i ; Wish Mead (Koschmieder) law according to section, utilize the visibility at differing heights place in vertical direction
v i , the distance length that this visibility is corresponding
l i , and the extinction coefficient at differing heights place
α i , calculate the contrast decay at different distance length place
ε i ＇:
, thus the atmospheric transmittance obtaining differing heights place is:
, finally calculate SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility V
t:
.
Claims (8)
1. a SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility assay method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) visiometer and Laser-ceilometer is adopted to measure visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α respectively;
(2) gather many group visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α by step (1), carry out matching, determine both relational expressions
v=f (α);
(3) relational expression determined in step (2) is utilized
v=f (α)obtain the visibility at differing heights place
v i , and the distance length that this visibility is corresponding
l i , the extinction coefficient at differing heights place
α i , calculate different distance length place to specific damping
ε i ＇, thus obtain the atmospheric transmittance at differing heights place;
(4) integrate the atmospheric transmittance at many group SEQUENCING VERTICAL increasing height places, finally calculate SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility V
t.
2. assay method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the extinction coefficient of the 20 m At The Heights that Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α adopts Laser-ceilometer to record in described step (1).
3. assay method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, carries out linear fit, determine that both relational expressions are in described step (2) to many group visibility value V1 and Aerosol Extinction Coefficients α:
, wherein a=-1.48, b=5.23, V unit is km.
4. assay method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the contrast at different distance length place in described step (3)
ε i ＇:
, atmospheric transmittance is:
.
5. assay method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility V in described step (4)
tfor:
.
6. assay method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described visiometer adopts forward scattering type visiometer.
7. adopt a SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility supervisory system for assay method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described supervisory system comprises visiometer, computing machine and Laser-ceilometer; Described computing machine is connected with Laser-ceilometer with visiometer respectively.
8. supervisory system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described visiometer adopts forward scattering type visiometer.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706566A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Calculation method of atmosphere vertical visibility via laser radar detection |
| CN106770062A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of atmospheric transmittance measurement and scaling method |
| CN107421917A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of multifunction high-precision atmosphere visibility meter and visibility measurement method |
| CN107505291A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-12-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of method that visibility is estimated by single image |
| CN107907508A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-04-13 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | A kind of atmospheric visibility measuring device |
| CN109916791A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Gray haze vertical structure survey meter |
-
2015
- 2015-05-07 CN CN201510228355.0A patent/CN104819963A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106770062A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of atmospheric transmittance measurement and scaling method |
| CN106706566A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Calculation method of atmosphere vertical visibility via laser radar detection |
| CN106706566B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-05-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | A kind of calculation method of laser radar detection SEQUENCING VERTICAL visibility |
| CN107421917A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of multifunction high-precision atmosphere visibility meter and visibility measurement method |
| CN107421917B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2024-04-19 | 南京信息工程大学 | Multifunctional high-precision atmospheric visibility meter and visibility measuring method |
| CN107505291A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-12-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of method that visibility is estimated by single image |
| CN107907508A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-04-13 | 无锡昊瑜节能环保设备有限公司 | A kind of atmospheric visibility measuring device |
| CN109916791A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 中国海洋大学 | Gray haze vertical structure survey meter |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |