Water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant and its application in preparing compound polyurethane material
Technical field
The invention belongs to fire proofing field is and in particular to a kind of water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant and its preparing polyurethane
Application in composite.
Background technology
With the development of modern technologies, macromolecular material is increasingly widely applied in the modern life, polyurethane material
Due to its excellent performance, it is used in large quantities in transportation, heat-insulating Material Field.But polyurethane material easily fires
Burn, this brings great accident potential to society now.Therefore, polyurethane flame-proof technology seems more and more important, in the past
Decades in, flame-retarded technology develops rapidly, and experienced evolution to halogen-free flameproof fire-retardant from halogen system, and flame-retardant system is continuous
Abundant and perfect, wherein phosphorus flame retardant mostly has the advantages that low cigarette, nontoxic, low halogen, Halogen, meets the development of fire retardant
Direction, has good development prospect, becomes the focus of fire-retardant research at present.
APP (app) is a kind of phosphorus flame retardant being widely used in polyurethane, and the phosphorus content of APP is high
Reach 30%~32%, nitrogenous is 14%~16%.Its prominent feature is that raw smoke during burning is extremely low, does not produce hydrogen halides,
Nonpoisonous and tasteless, do not produce etchant gas, heat stability is high, is a kind of non-halogen fire retardant of function admirable.Yet with its own
The reason structure, app hygroscopicity is very strong, is readily soluble in water.Therefore easily to material surface when for hard polyurethane foam
Migration, leads to effective fire retardant to run off, and causes fire resistance to decline.
Content of the invention
In place of shortcoming and defect for solution prior art, the primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-fast nucleocapsid knot
Structure fire retardant.This fire retardant compatibility is good, water resistance is excellent.
Another object of the present invention is to providing the preparation method of above-mentioned water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide above-mentioned water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant is in preparing compound polyurethane material
Application.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant, this fire retardant has nucleocapsid structure, with APP as core, the surface bag of core
Cover one layer of hydrophobic resin;Described hydrophobic resin is melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer and polyamino polyethers or to benzene two
The copolymer of amine.
Described melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer by mol ratio be 1:(1.5~3.5) tripolycyanamide and formaldehyde pre-polymerization
Conjunction forms;Described polyamino polyethers is polyetheramine, shitosan or 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ether etc..
The preparation method of above-mentioned water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant, comprises the following steps: at ambient temperature by APP
(app) add in solvent, after stirring is warming up to 50~60 DEG C, adds melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 60~90 DEG C, adjust
Section ph is acidity, is subsequently adding polyamino polyethers or p-phenylenediamine, is kept stirring for 0.5~6 hour;Then cooling, sucking filtration, wash
Wash, be dried, gained white powder is described water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
Described solvent is ethanol, acetone, toluene or hexamethylene, its consumption be every 60g APP adopt 100~
300ml solvent.
Described melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer is (3~6) with the mass ratio of polyamino polyethers or p-phenylenediamine: 1.
Described melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer is 1:(8~15 with the mass ratio of APP).
Application in preparing compound polyurethane material for the above-mentioned water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant, the concrete steps of described application
As follows: the pentane mixing of the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant of 3.2 mass parts and 3 mass parts adds 10 matter in ice-water bath
The amount polyether polyol of part and the catalyst of 0.07~0.21 mass parts, stir, and are made into material a;Take 10 mass parts diphenyl
Methane diisocyanate (mdi) liquefies at 50~80 DEG C, obtains expecting b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, observe table
When face starts to expand into white, pour in preprepared mould, be then placed in 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain described poly-
Urethane composite.
The hydroxyl value of described polyether polyol is 420~470mg koh/g.
Described catalyst is organotin catalysts, preferably triethylene diamine.
The compound polyurethane material of above-mentioned preparation is mainly used in adiabator and field of heat insulating materials.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below and a beneficial effect:
(1) the active reactive group in water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant surface prepared by the present invention, can and polyurethane
Base material reacts.
(2) the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by the present invention, with APP as capsule-core, many with melamino-formaldehyde
Amino-compound copolymer resinses are capsule material, and its capsule material has substantial amounts of hydrophobic group, significantly improves conventional flame retardant readily soluble
Shortcoming in water.
(3) the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by the present invention, its capsule material is nitrogenous abundant resin, and capsule-core has
Synergistic fire retardation, has highly effective flame-retardant.
(4) compound polyurethane material prepared by the present invention and flame retardant effect can be kept for a long time in high humidity environment.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the electron microscope of the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant of APP and embodiment 1 preparation, and wherein a is polyphosphoric acid
Ammonium, b is the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant of embodiment 1 preparation.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.
Embodiment 1
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 100ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 50 DEG C, plus
Enter 12g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 60 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g polyetheramine, is kept stirring for the time
0.5 hour, then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.12 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 50 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 120ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 50 DEG C, plus
Enter 15g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 70 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g polyetheramine, is kept stirring for the time
2 hours;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.12 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 60 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 3
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 150ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C, plus
Enter 15g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 80 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g polyetheramine, is kept stirring for the time
4 hours;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.12 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 60 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 4
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 240ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C, plus
Enter 12g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 80 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 3g polyetheramine, is kept stirring for the time
6 hours;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.14 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 60 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 5
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 100ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 50 DEG C, plus
Enter 12g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 60 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g shitosan, is kept stirring for the time
0.5 hour;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.12 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 60 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 6
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 100ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 50 DEG C, plus
Enter 12g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 60 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g p-phenylenediamine, when being kept stirring for
Between 0.5 hour;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.12 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 70 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Embodiment 7
(1) prepare water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant:
At ambient temperature APP (app) powder is added in 120ml dehydrated alcohol, after stirring is warming up to 50 DEG C, plus
Enter 15g melamino-formaldehyde performed polymer, be warming up to 70 DEG C, adjusting ph is acidity, is subsequently adding 2g 4,4′-diaminodipohenyl ether,
It is kept stirring for time 2 h;Then automatically cool down, sucking filtration, washing, be dried, gained white powder is water-fast nucleocapsid structure resistance
Combustion agent.
(2) prepare compound polyurethane material:
Take water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by 3.2 quality step (), add the pentane of 3 mass parts, in frozen water
Place in bath, fire retardant is infiltrated by pentane;It is subsequently adding the polyether polyol of 10 mass parts, the catalyst of 0.16 mass parts,
Stir, be made into material a;Take 10 mass parts methyl diphenylene diisocyanates (mdi), liquefy at 80 DEG C, be all liquefied as
Liquid, must expect b;Then material a is added in material b, stirring, when observing that surface starts to expand into white, pours in advance
In ready mould, then put into 60 DEG C of baking oven ripenings, obtain compound polyurethane material.
Electron-microscope scanning is carried out to the water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant of APP powder and embodiment 1 gained, from scanning electricity
Mirror picture (Fig. 1) as can be seen that this fire retardant due to external sheath one layer of resin, surface becomes more coarse, and do not wrap up
The app surface of resin is more smooth.
Water-fast for embodiment 1-4 gained nucleocapsid structure fire retardant and APP are respectively weighed 10g, with filter paper parcel, is placed in
24 hours in 1500ml water at a temperature of 30 DEG C, the ratio of its dissolving and APP are to such as table 1:
Table 1 is water-fast, and nucleocapsid structure fire retardant is contrasted with APP dissolution rate
Sample |
Dissolution rate |
APP (wt%) |
99.0% |
Embodiment 1 product (wt%) |
6.49% |
Embodiment 2 product (wt%) |
7.32% |
Embodiment 3 product (wt%) |
8.42% |
Embodiment 4 product (wt%) |
5.65% |
As it can be seen from table 1 because capsule material is hydrophobicity resin, and capsule material and capsule-core have flame retardant synergism, simultaneously
Due to the active group in surface, water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant has the more preferable compatibility.Therefore compare APP, water-fast
Nucleocapsid structure fire retardant will show more superior fire resistance in the polymer.
Water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by embodiment 1-7 is prepared flame retardant polyurethane composite material (density 0.53-
0.59g/cm3), its fire resistance passes through vertical combustion ul94, and (Jiangning county's analytical tool factory czf-3 type horizontal vertical is fired
Burn instrument, measure by gb2408, batten a size of 120 × 15 × 8mm3) v0 rank.Measurement result finds, identical APP adds
The compound polyurethane material of dosage preparation can not reach v0 rank in ul94 test.After 60 DEG C are soaked 36 hours, implement
Water-fast nucleocapsid structure fire retardant prepared by example 1-7 is prepared flame retardant polyurethane composite material and still can be kept v0 rank, but phase
Compound polyurethane material with the preparation of APP addition can not reach v0 rank in ul94 test.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not subject to above-described embodiment
Limit, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplify,
All should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within protection scope of the present invention.