CN104813934A - Cyclamen breeding method - Google Patents
Cyclamen breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104813934A CN104813934A CN201510184985.2A CN201510184985A CN104813934A CN 104813934 A CN104813934 A CN 104813934A CN 201510184985 A CN201510184985 A CN 201510184985A CN 104813934 A CN104813934 A CN 104813934A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cyclamen breeding method. The cyclamen breeding method comprises the steps of firstly optimizing the male and female parents of the cyclamen, next, hybridizing the male and female parents and screening out descendants, next, increasing the screening speed by use of a tissue culture technique, thereby saving the cost of autumn identification. A reasonable castration method is adopted, and the castration success rate in once petal removal is relatively high and the ovary cannot be damaged, and therefore, the working efficiency and the hybridizing maturing rate are increased. The working efficiency is more than twice higher than that of the traditional method, and the hybridizing maturing rate is nearly once higher than that of the traditional method. No bag needs to be put on for isolation, and the labor can be saved; in addition, the breeding process is accelerated by use of the tissue culture rapid-propagation method, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant breeding, be specifically related to the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen.
Background technology
Ivyleaf cyclamen has the another names such as radish Malus spectabilis, cyclamen, to unspell in addition flower, the title spent of the Goddess in western countries.Originate in Persian, the time of importing China into is not long.Ivyleaf cyclamen is flower on Hesperian Christmas, or the national flower of San Marino, the meaning that in Europe, ivyleaf cyclamen has " taking leave of ".
Solid after florists cyclamen, 5-6 month fruit maturation, seed collecting should start to adopt by during green flavescence at fruit, can not until just adopt after capsule cracking, and because of a cracking, seed very easily kicks down.The seed point received is preserved at cold place, generally preserves at 2 DEG C, can to put 4 years half still can germinate good.For making seed variety pure, different cultivars should be separated by duration of flowering, and carries out artificial supplementary pollination, selects healthy and strong strain for parent, carries out the different strain pollination of same kind.
Seed propagation is one of conventional method of ivyleaf cyclamen breeding, and the seed of ivyleaf cyclamen could need obtain after artificial pollination, and therefore how the production of hybrid seeds has a very important role for the seed selection of ivyleaf cyclamen.
Along with the raising of scientific and technological level, the breeding technique of ivyleaf cyclamen is also in continuous raising, and because Cyclamen is in decorative flower, conventional breeding method is owing to can not give play to peculiar effect of color, and the hybrid seeding cycle is long at present, have a strong impact on the needs of its propagation.
Summary of the invention
For present situation, the invention provides the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen, first to its artificial pollination, seed selection, recycling tissue culture technology, makes its fast-propagation, reaches the object of factorial praluction.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A breeding method for ivyleaf cyclamen, comprises the steps:
(1) bloom and noon before that day artificial emasculation is carried out to female parent, measure in flowering stage and there is pollen viability and column cap pollination property;
(2) gather male parent male flower and collect pollen: first both hands being cleaned before pollination, and carry out surface sterilization with 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol, flower is caught with the thumb of a hand and forefinger, middle finger impacts calyx portion gently by pollen abate, collect pollen with the thumb lid of another hand, during pollination, gynoecium is directly dipped in gently on the pollen collected;
(3) after emasculation in 1 ~ 7 day, artificial pollination 5 ~ 7 times, pollination time controls at 14:00 ~ 16:30 point, and the temperature of pollination controls at 15 ~ 20 DEG C;
(4) after artificial pollination, when fruit starts to gather to fruit when by green flavescence, fruit does not ftracture;
(5) using the fruit of gathering as explant with after 70 ~ 80% alcohol disinfecting 20-40 seconds, the 15-30 minute that sterilizes is placed in the mercuric chloride of 0.1 ~ 0.2% for 2-4 time with aseptic water washing, fruit is cut again with after rinsed with sterile water 3-4 time, with transfer needle embryo is inoculated on inoculation medium and cultivates, cultivate 10 ~ 14 days, terminal bud and lateral bud redifferentiation form Multiple Buds; Through 25 ~ 35 days, Multiple Buds grew to 2 ~ 3cm, proceeded to after root media cultivates 1 month, grew up to the seedling of tool root and 4 ~ 6 leaves;
(6) the seedling plantation of seedling: by the seedling of firm bottle outlet plantation flowerpot, illumination controls at 3000-5000Lx, after one month, executed thin fertilizer once every 7 ~ 10 days, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively that 30-40ppm, EC value controls at 0.6-08, and illumination is controlled at 5000-8000Lx, temperature controls at 17 ~ 23 DEG C, keeps ventilating, and promotes the quick growth of seedling.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, the male lobe of described artificial removal refers to from vexil to be the side of semicircular arc, the junction of vexil top and vexil and flower honor is clamped with tweezers, tweezers are 40 ~ 50 degree with the angle of flower lineback, then clamped by petal and all extract, the direction of exerting oneself when extracting is consistent with the direction that florists cyclamen grows.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described inoculation medium is: MS+6-BA1.2 ~ 1.4mg/l+NAA0.6 ~ 0.8mg/l+sucrose 3%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6 ~ 6.3, and cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 20 ° of C, intensity of illumination 1600 ~ 2200lx, and light application time is 12 ~ 14 hours/day.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described root media is: MS
+aBT0.3 ~ 0.5mg/l+IAA0.6 ~ 0.8mg/l+ sucrose 3.5%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6 ~ 6.3, and temperature is 17 ~ 22 ° of C, intensity of illumination 2200 ~ 2500lx, and light application time is 12 ~ 14 hours/day.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described Parent plant requires healthy and strong, grows vigorous; Hua Yao great, bright-colored, flower pattern are neat, petal is unfolded, fully reversion upwarp.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described artificial pollination method is artificial geitonogamy and artificial xenogamy.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described artificial pollination carries out at the full-bloom stage of mid-March annual mid-November to next year.
Parent selected by the present invention all can buy from market.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, first the present invention carries out preferably to the Parent of ivyleaf cyclamen, then to its hybridization, filters out offspring; Recycling tissue culture technology accelerates breakneck acceleration, saves the expense of qualification in autumn.
2, petal is clamped and is once all extracted by this method tweezers, and when hybridizing, emasculation speed is fast, can not damage column cap; The stigma appearing of flower of female parent, is convenient to pollination; After emasculation, maternal flower is without petal and flower pesticide, do not lure the insect such as honeybee, thrips, quarantine measures need not be taked, do not exist after pollination and adopt quarantine measures to cause the drawbacks such as secondary damage to flower of female parent, therefore operating efficiency exceeds more than 2 times than conventional method, and cross-fertile success rate improves nearly 1 times than conventional method.
3, adopt the mode of tissue-culturing rapid propagation to accelerate the process of breeding, its medium and condition of culture are screened, for seed provides suitable external environment condition; The seed that is added to of trace element further grows and provides nutrition to ensure.
4, method of the present invention is isolated without bagging, can save manpower; And accelerate breeding process by the method for tissue-culturing rapid propagation, greatly increase economic efficiency.
5, the florists cyclamen of seed selection of the present invention is large, bright-colored, flower pattern neat, petal is unfolded, fully reversing upwarps, and ornamental value is high.
Embodiment
The experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1
A breeding method for ivyleaf cyclamen, comprises the steps:
(1) at the full-bloom stage of mid-March mid-November to next year, robust plant is selected, eugonic Parent; Hua Yao great, bright-colored, flower pattern are neat, petal is unfolded, fully reversion upwarp;
(2) the male lobe of artificial removal: the side from vexil being semicircular arc, the junction of vexil top and vexil and flower honor is clamped with tweezers, tweezers are 40 ~ 50 degree with the angle of flower lineback, and then clamped by petal and all extract, the direction of exerting oneself when extracting is consistent with the direction that florists cyclamen grows;
(3) flower of artificial emasculation is carried out to the mensuration of Pollen Activity, adopt TTC solution-dyed, within every 3 hours, sample once from field 8:00 from morning, get the pollen mixing of 3 flowers at every turn, dye under normal temperature condition microscopy after 1h, be dyed to peony and think that there is vitality, count 5 visuals field, average.The vigor percentage of pollen is represented with rate of dyeing;
After measured, the Pollen Activity of florists cyclamen used of the present invention is 94%;
Adopt aniline blue-hydrogenperoxide steam generator (1% aniline blue: 3% hydrogen peroxide: distilled water is 4:11:22) dyeing, within every 3 hours, sample once from field 8:00 from morning, get 3 flowers at every turn, get 12 flowers altogether, if the mastoid process on column cap is dyed to blueness very soon, and produce with a large amount of bubbles, illustrate that column cap has Enumerable infinite set, otherwise, then Enumerable infinite set is not had;
After measured, the Enumerable infinite set of florists cyclamen used of the present invention is 90%;
(4) after emasculation in 1 ~ 7 day, artificial pollination 5 ~ 7 times, pollination time controls at 14:00 ~ 16:30 point, and the temperature of pollination controls at 15 ~ 20 DEG C;
(5) after artificial pollination (adopting artificial geitonogamy), when fruit starts to gather to fruit when by green flavescence, fruit does not ftracture;
(6) using the fruit of gathering as explant 70% alcohol disinfecting after 40 seconds, be placed on for 2 times in the mercuric chloride of 0.2% with aseptic water washing and sterilize 15 minutes, fruit is cut again with after rinsed with sterile water 4 times, with transfer needle embryo is inoculated on inoculation medium and cultivates, cultivate 10 days, terminal bud and lateral bud redifferentiation form Multiple Buds; Through 25 days, Multiple Buds grew to 2 ~ 3cm, proceeded to after root media cultivates 1 month, grew up to the seedling of tool root and 4 ~ 6 leaves;
(7) the seedling plantation of seedling: by the seedling of firm bottle outlet plantation flowerpot, illumination controls at 3000Lx, after one month, executed thin fertilizer once every 7 ~ 10 days, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively that 30ppm, EC value controls 0.6, and illumination is controlled at 5000Lx, temperature controls at 17 ~ 23 DEG C, keeps ventilating, and promotes the quick growth of seedling.
Described inoculation medium is: MS+6-BA1.2mg/l+NAA0.8mg/l+sucrose 3%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6, and cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 20 ° of C, intensity of illumination 1600lx, and light application time is 12 hours/day.
Described root media is: MS
+aBT0.3 ~ 0.5mg/l+IAA0.6 ~ 0.8mg/l+ sucrose 3.5%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6, and temperature is 17 ~ 22 ° of C, intensity of illumination 2200lx, and light application time is 12 hours/day.
Embodiment 2
A breeding method for ivyleaf cyclamen, comprises the steps:
(1) at the full-bloom stage of mid-March mid-November to next year, robust plant is selected, eugonic Parent; Hua Yao great, bright-colored, flower pattern are neat, petal is unfolded, fully reversion upwarp;
(2) the male lobe of artificial removal: the side from vexil being semicircular arc, the junction of vexil top and vexil and flower honor is clamped with tweezers, tweezers are 40 ~ 50 degree with the angle of flower lineback, and then clamped by petal and all extract, the direction of exerting oneself when extracting is consistent with the direction that florists cyclamen grows;
(3) flower of artificial emasculation is carried out to the mensuration of Pollen Activity, adopt TTC solution-dyed, within every 3 hours, sample once from field 8:00 from morning, get the pollen mixing of 3 flowers at every turn, dye under normal temperature condition microscopy after 1h, be dyed to peony and think that there is vitality, count 5 visuals field, average.The vigor percentage of pollen is represented with rate of dyeing;
After measured, the Pollen Activity of florists cyclamen used of the present invention is 92%;
Adopt aniline blue-hydrogenperoxide steam generator (1% aniline blue: 3% hydrogen peroxide: distilled water is 4:11:22) dyeing, within every 3 hours, sample once from field 8:00 from morning, get 3 flowers at every turn, get 12 flowers altogether, if the mastoid process on column cap is dyed to blueness very soon, and produce with a large amount of bubbles, illustrate that column cap has Enumerable infinite set, otherwise, then Enumerable infinite set is not had;
After measured, the Enumerable infinite set of florists cyclamen used of the present invention is 96%;
(4) after emasculation in 1 ~ 7 day, artificial pollination 5 times, pollination time controls at 14:00 ~ 16:30 point, and the temperature of pollination controls at 15 ~ 20 DEG C;
(5) after artificial pollination (adopting artificial xenogamy), when fruit starts to gather to fruit when by green flavescence, fruit does not ftracture;
(6) using the fruit of gathering as explant 80% alcohol disinfecting after 20 seconds, be placed on for 4 times in the mercuric chloride of 0.1% with aseptic water washing and sterilize 30 minutes, fruit is cut again with after rinsed with sterile water 5 times, with transfer needle embryo is inoculated on inoculation medium and cultivates, cultivate 14 days, terminal bud and lateral bud redifferentiation form Multiple Buds; Through 35 days, Multiple Buds grew to 2 ~ 3cm, proceeded to after root media cultivates 1 month, grew up to the seedling of tool root and 4 ~ 6 leaves;
(7) the seedling plantation of seedling: by the seedling of firm bottle outlet plantation flowerpot, illumination controls at 5000Lx, after one month, executed thin fertilizer once every 10 days, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively that 40ppm, EC value controls 0.8, and illumination is controlled at 8000Lx, temperature controls at 17 ~ 23 DEG C, keeps ventilating, and promotes the quick growth of seedling.
Described inoculation medium is: MS+6-BA1.4mg/l+NAA0.6mg/l+sucrose 3%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6.3, and cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 20 ° of C, intensity of illumination 1600lx, and light application time is 14 hours/day.
In the breeding method of aforementioned ivyleaf cyclamen, described root media is: MS
+aBT0.5mg/l+IAA0.6mg/l+ sucrose 3.5%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6, and temperature is 17 ~ 22 ° of C, intensity of illumination 2200lx, and light application time is 14 hours/day.
Claims (7)
1. a breeding method for ivyleaf cyclamen, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) bloom and noon before that day artificial emasculation is carried out to female parent, measure in flowering stage and there is pollen viability and column cap pollination property;
(2) gather male parent male flower and collect pollen: first both hands being cleaned before pollination, and carry out surface sterilization with 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol, flower is caught with the thumb of a hand and forefinger, middle finger impacts calyx portion gently by pollen abate, collect pollen with the thumb lid of another hand, during pollination, gynoecium is directly dipped in gently on the pollen collected;
(3) after emasculation in 1 ~ 7 day, artificial pollination 5 ~ 7 times, pollination time controls at 14:00 ~ 16:30 point, and the temperature of pollination controls at 15 ~ 20 DEG C;
(4) after artificial pollination, when fruit starts to gather to fruit when by green flavescence, fruit does not ftracture;
(5) using the fruit of gathering as explant with after 70 ~ 80% alcohol disinfecting 20-40 seconds, the 15-30 minute that sterilizes is placed in the mercuric chloride of 0.1 ~ 0.2% for 2-4 time with aseptic water washing, fruit is cut again with after rinsed with sterile water 3-4 time, with transfer needle embryo is inoculated on inoculation medium and cultivates, cultivate 10 ~ 14 days, terminal bud and lateral bud redifferentiation form Multiple Buds; Through 25 ~ 35 days, Multiple Buds grew to 2 ~ 3cm, proceeded to after root media cultivates 1 month, grew up to the seedling of tool root and 4 ~ 6 leaves;
(6) the seedling plantation of seedling: by the seedling of firm bottle outlet plantation flowerpot, illumination controls at 3000-5000Lx, after one month, executed thin fertilizer once every 7 ~ 10 days, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn are respectively that 30-40ppm, EC value controls at 0.6-08, and illumination is controlled at 5000-8000Lx, temperature controls at 17 ~ 23 DEG C, keeps ventilating, and promotes the quick growth of seedling.
2. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the male lobe of described artificial removal refers to from vexil to be the side of semicircular arc, the junction of vexil top and vexil and flower honor is clamped with tweezers, tweezers are 40 ~ 50 degree with the angle of flower lineback, then clamped by petal and all extract, the direction of exerting oneself when extracting is consistent with the direction that florists cyclamen grows.
3. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described inoculation medium is: MS+6-BA1.2 ~ 1.4mg/l+NAA0.6 ~ 0.8mg/l+sucrose 3%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6 ~ 6.3, and cultivation temperature is 15 ~ 20 ° of C, intensity of illumination 1600 ~ 2200lx, and light application time is 12 ~ 14 hours/day.
4. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described root media is: MS
+aBT0.3 ~ 0.5mg/l+IAA0.6 ~ 0.8mg/l+ sucrose 3.5%+ agar 0.5%; The pH value of described medium is 6 ~ 6.3, and temperature is 17 ~ 22 ° of C, intensity of illumination 2200 ~ 2500lx, and light application time is 12 ~ 14 hours/day.
5. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Parent plant requires healthy and strong, grows vigorous; Hua Yao great, bright-colored, flower pattern are neat, petal is unfolded, fully reversion upwarp.
6. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as described in claim 1 ~ 5 any one, is characterized in that, described artificial pollination method is artificial geitonogamy and artificial xenogamy.
7. the breeding method of a kind of ivyleaf cyclamen as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described artificial pollination carries out at the full-bloom stage of mid-March annual mid-November to next year.
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| CN201510184985.2A CN104813934A (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Cyclamen breeding method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108184655A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of cyclamen hybridization breeding method |
| JP2019187253A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-31 | ハクサンインターナショナル株式会社 | New breeds of cyclamen |
-
2015
- 2015-04-20 CN CN201510184985.2A patent/CN104813934A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨李欣: "仙客来人工授粉制种技术", 《中国花卉盆景》 * |
| 赵剑颖等: "万寿菊花粉活力及柱头可授性研究", 《中国农学通报》 * |
| 顾韵莉等: "仙客来组织培养技术研究", 《上海农业科技》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108184655A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of cyclamen hybridization breeding method |
| JP2019187253A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-31 | ハクサンインターナショナル株式会社 | New breeds of cyclamen |
| JP7108452B2 (en) | 2018-04-20 | 2022-07-28 | ハクサンインターナショナル株式会社 | New variety of cyclamen |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |