CN104813391B - The low power number word drive of Active Matrix Display - Google Patents
The low power number word drive of Active Matrix Display Download PDFInfo
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- CN104813391B CN104813391B CN201380061640.7A CN201380061640A CN104813391B CN 104813391 B CN104813391 B CN 104813391B CN 201380061640 A CN201380061640 A CN 201380061640A CN 104813391 B CN104813391 B CN 104813391B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/18—Timing circuits for raster scan displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
- G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
- G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0693—Calibration of display systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
- G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
- G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Control Of El Displays (AREA)
Abstract
For the digital driver circuitry for the Active Matrix Display (210) for driving the multiple pixels for including being logically organized multiple rows and multiple row, each pixel includes light-emitting component (101), digital driver circuitry includes the current driver (203) for each row being directed in the multiple row, for driving scheduled current by corresponding row, the number of pixel of the scheduled current to being opened in the row is proportional.Digital driver circuitry also includes being used for the numeral selection line drive circuit (202) for selecting the multiple row successively and for the numerical data line drive circuit (201) for the pixel for synchronously writing digital image coding in selected row with described numeral selection line drive circuit.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to the apparatus and method of the low power number word drive for display.More specifically, present invention design
For compensating and digitally driving Active Matrix Display (such as AMOLED (active matrix organic light-emitting diode) displays
Device) apparatus and method.
Background technology
The existing backboard for Active Matrix Display (such as displayer) is each luminous member in this area
Part (such as each OLED) drives a predetermined electric current to pass through phase using a pixel-driving circuit, each pixel-driving circuit
The light-emitting component answered.The circuit diagram of multiple pixel-driving circuits is realized, these circuit diagrams all include driving predetermined electric current to lead to
Cross the driving transistor of light-emitting component.An example is shown in Fig. 1, wherein light-emitting component (is OLED in the example present
101) it is coupled in series between with driving transistor M1 between supply voltage VDD and ground connection GND.Driving transistor M1 grid connection
To selection transistor M2 main electrode, selection transistor M2 grid is connected to selection line SA, selection transistor M2 the second master
Electrode is connected to data wire DA.The OLED that capacitor C1 is coupling in driving transistor M1 grid and coupled with driving transistor M1
Between 101 electrode.
In a kind of analog-driven method, a kind of amplitude modulation approach has been used, each of which light-emitting component (for example,
OLED light) is launched with the intensity corresponding to required gray scale during a complete frame period.Pass through light-emitting component (example
Such as, OLED) electric current be to be determined according to the analog data voltage on driving transistor M1 grid.Due to this transistor
M1 preferably works to carry out accurate current control (for example, different luminous in order to eliminate or substantially reduce with saturation state
Due to luminance difference caused by the difference of the threshold voltage of light-emitting component (such as OLED) between element (such as OLED)), this
Class backboard is generally driven with the supply voltage more than 8V.Pressure drop in driving transistor is luminous far above (being typically greater than 4V)
Pressure drop on element.This causes compared with light-emitting component, and more energy are consumed in backboard.Pass through the electric current of light-emitting component
(and therefore caused light-emitting component brightness) with M1 grid voltages square and change.Which introduce nonlinear display response,
Precision is limited, and makes display to noise-sensitive.
In digital driving method, pulsewidth modulation (PWM) method, each of which light-emitting component (such as OLED) can be used
With single brightness emission light during the part in a frame period.In this approach, light is launched in period light-emitting component
The part frame period has the duration for corresponding to required gray scale.In the active square using the digital drive based on pulsewidth modulation
In battle array display (such as displayer), preferably driving transistor is disappeared with the power for reducing display in a linear fashion
Consumption.However, when driving transistor in a linear fashion, due to light-emitting component characteristic, transistor characteristic or device temperature, and/or
Due to reason of the light-emitting component with the degradation of time, exist by the electric current of light-emitting component and change.These effects are aobvious in AMOLED
Show especially considerable in device.These effects cause the degradation of image, and this can cause such as screen aging.In addition, especially for
AMOLED color monitors (but being also not necessarily limited to this), it is uneven (blue generally than other colors to degrade in different colours
Degrade soon).Therefore, it is usually that each pixel uses compensation circuit, causes relative complex pixel driver circuit, and increase
Pixel size is added.
As the replacement using compensation circuit, also have been presented for for directly controlling in the display by digital drive
The method of the electric current of light-emitting component (such as OLED).The example of this kind of driving method is described in US2011/0134163.At this
In one method, each pixel of display has the electric current for being connected in series and being supplied in power supply between reference line and power supply line
Supply circuit, switch sections and light-emitting component.Switch sections are switched using digital video signal between opening and closing.Electricity
Light-emitting component (such as OLED) constant current is flowed through in stream supply circuit generation.Although by this method, even if (for example,
Due to causing) current characteristics is when changing, and each light-emitting component also can be luminous with constant luminance, but the shortcoming of this scheme
It is that the resolution ratio of display is lowered.Reason is to provide current providing circuit in each pixel to cause with increased pixel
The complicated image element circuit of size, and thus cause the resolution ratio of step-down.Further, since in transistor matching problem, this pixel
The accuracy of current control is probably limited.
Summary of the invention
One purpose of various embodiments of the present invention is to provide the good side for digital drive Active Matrix Display
Method, Active Matrix Display such as but is not limited to displayer.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by the method and apparatus according to various embodiments of the present invention.
Each aspect of the present invention is related to the digital driver circuitry for driving Active Matrix Display, and for digitally
The method for driving Active Matrix Display, digital driver circuitry may include the pixel driven transistor worked in a linear fashion, its
The size and complexity of middle image element circuit are reduced relative to prior art, and with to the good of the electric current by light-emitting component
Good control.
It is related to the digital driver circuitry for driving Active Matrix Display (such as displayer) on one side, should
Digital driver circuitry includes being logically organized multiple pixels of multiple rows and multiple row.Each pixel include such as OLED it
The light-emitting component of class.The digital driver circuitry includes the current driver for each row being directed in the multiple row, for driving
Dynamic scheduled current by corresponding row, the number of the pixel opened in the scheduled current and the row (and therefore they
The number for the light-emitting component (such as OLED) opened in the row) it is proportional.Digital driver circuitry includes being used for selecting described successively
The numeral selection line drive circuit of multiple rows, and for synchronously compiling digital picture with described numeral selection line drive circuit
The numerical data line drive circuit of pixel in the selected row of code write-in.
The advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is that transistor can be driven with linear model, with being driven with saturation state
System realizes the circuit complexity of reduction, reduces crosstalk, and realize the letter of driving transistor compared to power consumption is reduced
The reduction of road length and the increase of channel width.Another advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is exterior I C to can be used to come in fact
Existing current control, thus it is more accurate.Additional advantage is that the extra brilliance control in drive circuit can reduce bright
The problem of observability is reduced under ambient light.
One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is each row unique current control of needs one, rather than each
Pixel is required for.This simplifies complete drive circuit.
Display may include backboard, and in the digital driver circuitry according to various embodiments of the present invention, electric current driving
Device circuit can be located at backing plate outer.The resolution ratio of the compact display circuit of this permission and Geng Gao.
In the various embodiments of the invention, current driver circuits include based single crystal matter semiconductor circuit.This, which has, drives
The advantage of dynamic circuit height homogeneity, so that the problem of minimizing or even avoid the change between transistor AND gate transistor, and
Thus provide very good transistor matching.
In the various embodiments of the invention, each current driver includes a counter, is equal to for storing given
The natural number of the number for the light-emitting component (such as OLED) opened in moment respective column.To the natural number that is stored in counter more
It is newly synchronous with selection line drive circuit, and perform in response to the change of the digital image data presented in data line circuit.
One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is that display can in real time change in the case of with good brightness constancy.
When the state of the light-emitting component (such as OLED) in given row is changed into opening from closing, counter is stored in
In numeral add 1.When the state of the light-emitting component (such as OLED) in given row is changed into closing from opening, meter is stored in
Numeral in number device subtracts 1.Be driven through respective column scheduled current be equal to the natural number that is stored in counter be multiplied by it is predetermined
Reference current.In this regard, counter can be up/down counter.The counter can be realized easily for example, by IC.
In the various embodiments of the invention, each current driver matched on resistance the with the first resistance paths
Scheduled current is driven between one line and the second line with the second resistance paths so that for all light-emitting components in given row
(such as OLED) resistance paths are of substantially equal in the length of the first and second lines.One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention exists
It is unrelated with the number for opening pixel in resistive pressure drop.Resistors match can be realized by designing, or can be realized by technology.
For example, resistors match can be by the metal level that connects back to the top electrodes of each light-emitting component (such as OLED) in backboard
To obtain, and by designing come build-out resistor.
In the various embodiments of the invention, Active Matrix Display (such as displayer) includes pixel driver
The backboard of circuit, the pixel-driving circuit may be connected to multiple light-emitting components of the display, wherein each pixel driver
Circuit includes being used to compensate the difference in the pressure drop between the different pixels in row, and the pressure drop is in the light-emitting component (example
Such as OLED) and the pixel-driving circuit be connected in series determination.One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is to mend
The difference, the difference of light-emitting component characteristic, temperature that correct in output due to transistor characteristic is repaid to change, lead with the degradation of time
The difference of cause.
In the various embodiments of the invention, compensation device may include the device for application digital compensation.In such case
Under, compensation can be used only small digital assembly to apply.Alternatively, compensation device may include the device for analog compensation.
In this case, compensation can be realized for example by increasing pressure drop (this is easily achieved).
Another aspect of the present invention is related to the method for driving Active Matrix Display (such as displayer), should
Display includes being logically organized multiple pixels of multiple rows and multiple row.Each pixel may include such as light-emitting component,
Such as OLED.This method includes：Each in multiple rows is sequentially selected using numeral selection line drive circuit, number is used
Digital data line drive circuit writes digital image data the pixel of selected row, and driving scheduled current is given by each row
Surely the number of pixel of the scheduled current arranged to being opened in the row is proportional.
In certain embodiments of the invention, drive circuit can be used for driving Active Matrix Display, such as AMOLED
(therefore, pixel may include the OLED as light-emitting component), but the invention is not restricted to this.Numeral selection line drive circuit can by with
In each being sequentially selected in the multiple row.Numerical data line drive circuit can be used for the digital image coding
It is written to each pixel in selected row.
The advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is due to the higher standard of the electric current by each pixel in given row
Exactness and improve current control, without the current control based on pixel.
In the various embodiments of the invention, this method further comprises, for each row, and storage is equal to should in given time
The natural number of the number of the pixel or light-emitting component (such as OLED) opened in row.Method also includes same with selection line drive circuit
The step ground and change in digital image data updates the natural number.Advantageously, depended on by the electric current of each row
Updated in data to be shown, because this permission obtains equal brightness in all pixels driven on an equal basis.
When the state of the light-emitting component (such as OLED) in given row is changed into opening from closing, the natural number adds 1.
When the state of the light-emitting component (such as OLED) in given row is changed into closing from opening, the natural number subtracts 1.It is driven through
The scheduled current of respective column includes driving and is equal to the electric current that the natural number being stored in counter is multiplied by predetermined reference current.
In the various embodiments of the invention, method also includes performing calibration steps, from there through being used as pixel-driving circuit
The compensation circuit of a part be that each pixel in respective column determines the preferred pressure drop that each arranges and applies the preferred pressure drop.
Pressure drop can be confirmed as the voltage difference being connected in series of light-emitting component (such as OLED) and pixel-driving circuit.Compensation correct for
Due to difference caused by change, aging of temperature etc. in output.
One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention be by the electric current of light-emitting component (such as OLED) in row level rather than
Pixel-level is controlled.This method allows external integrated (for example, silicon integrated circuit) to perform current control, so as to allow
More accurately current control.These external integrateds can be the circuit of such as based single crystal silicon, so as to generate low-down
Changing and thus very good matching be provided between transistor AND gate transistor.
One advantage of various embodiments of the present invention is that the complexity of image element circuit can be lowered, and can obtain good
Resolution ratio.
The specific purpose and advantage of various aspects are being described herein above.It should be understood, of course, that this not necessarily all classification
Or advantage all can according to the present invention any specific embodiment realize.Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will recognize that
The present invention can by realize optimize an advantage teaching herein or one group of advantage in the way of embody or perform, and differ
Surely the other purposes or advantage that may be instructed or propose herein are realized simultaneously.Moreover, it will be appreciated that this general introduction is only one
Example and be not intended to limitation the scope of the present invention.On the present invention of both organizing and operating methods, together with its feature and advantage
Together, it is best understood by by being read with reference to accompanying drawing with reference to described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows the example of the AMOLED pixel-driving circuits of prior art, wherein in driving transistor M1
Grid on analog voltage determine OLED brightness.
Fig. 2 schematically architectures of Active Matrix Display according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein electric current is in row
Level control.
Fig. 3 is schematically showing for row, which show the multiple pixels that can be used in Fig. 2 architecture, each
Pixel has a light-emitting component (such as OLED).
Fig. 4 shows the OLED top electrodes that backboard metal level is connected to by through hole.
Fig. 5 is schematically showing of alternatively arranging, which show the multiple pictures that can be used in Fig. 2 architecture
Element.
Fig. 6 shows the example of pixel driver circuit according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can be used for using backgate
The voltage-drop compensation of pole.
Fig. 7 shows the example of pixel driver circuit according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can be used for using backgate
The voltage-drop compensation of pole.
Fig. 8 shows voltage-drop compensation method according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can show by using in Fig. 6 or Fig. 7
Pixel driver circuit apply.
Fig. 9 shows the example of pixel driver circuit according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can be used for without using the back of the body
The voltage-drop compensation of grid.
Figure 10 shows the example of pixel driver circuit according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can be used for without using the back of the body
The voltage-drop compensation of grid.
Figure 11 shows voltage-drop compensation method according to an embodiment of the invention, and it can show by using in Fig. 9 or Figure 10
The pixel driver circuit that shows is applied.
Figure 12 schematically shows the electric current driving of the row for displayer according to some embodiments of the invention
The example of the compact realization of device.
In different figures, same reference numbers indicate same or similar element.Any accompanying drawing mark in claims
Note should not be construed as limited to scope.
It is described in detail
In the following detailed description, numerous details are illustrated with provide to the present invention and its can be how in particular implementation
The thorough understanding implemented in example.It is to be appreciated, however, that various embodiments of the present invention need not have all these details
It can implement.In other situations, well-known method, program and technology are not described in detail in order to avoid obscuring this public affairs
Open.Although the present invention will be described for specific embodiment and with reference to some accompanying drawings, the invention is not restricted to this.Including and describe
Accompanying drawing with this is schematical, is not limit the scope of the invention.It shall yet further be noted that in the accompanying drawings, for purpose of explanation, some
The size of element may be exaggerated, therefore be not drawn on scale.
The grade of term first, second, and third in specification is used to distinguish similar element, and during not necessarily for description
Between, space, the sequencing of arrangement or any other mode.It should be understood that the term so used is can be mutual in the appropriate case
Change, and embodiment of the disclosure described herein can be with different from other orders that are described herein or showing operation.
In addition, term top, bottom in specification, on, under etc. for descriptive purpose, and not necessarily use
In description relative position.It should be understood that the term so used is interchangeable in the appropriate case, and described herein
The embodiment of invention can be with different from other orientations that are described herein or showing operation.For example, the particular embodiment of the present invention
It may include the driving current for AMOLED, and in the context of the disclosure, OLED bottom electrode can for example should
OLED near the active matrix (for example, being a part for the active matrix of displayer) of displayer that
Electrode.OLED top electrodes can be then the electrode relative with bottom electrode.Thus, AMOLED actual direction is not examined
Consider.
It should be noted that term " comprising " should not be construed as being limited to the implication hereinafter listed；It is not excluded for other members
Part or step.Therefore it should be read as specifying the feature, integer, step or part as described and presence, but do not arrange
Except the presence or addition of one or more of the other feature, integer, step or part or its group.Therefore, wording " including device A
With B equipment " scope should not necessarily be limited to the equipment being only made up of component A and B.
OLED display is the display for the array for including light emitting diode, wherein transmitting electroluminescence layer is organic compound
The film that thing is constituted, it launches light in response to electric current.Passive matrix (PMOLED) addressing scheme both can be used in OLED display,
Active matrix (AMOLED) addressing scheme can be used.In the example of OLED display, the present invention relates to displayer.Phase
The addressing scheme answered opens or closes each OLED pixel using thin film transistor backplane.Displayer allows ratio
The higher resolution ratio of PMOLED displays and bigger display sizes.
However, the present invention is not limited to displayer, but it is related to more upperly universal any kind of active
Matrix display.Although it is contemplated that the current switching speed of their pixel element, displayer is particularly advantageous, but
It is that any kind of Active Matrix Display can use the concept of various embodiments of the present invention.If Active Matrix Display
Pixel element can switch more quickly if, this will be favourable, because this allows to obtain higher frame rate, thus obtain
Obtain the image of less flicker.
Multiple pixels are included according to the Active Matrix Display (such as displayer) of various embodiments of the present invention, often
One pixel includes a light-emitting component, such as OLED element.Light-emitting component is arranged to array, and is logically organized
Row and column.Through the specification of the present invention, the horizontal feeding of term and vertical feeding are (relevant with term " OK " and " row " respectively) for carrying
For a coordinate system, and only for the purposes of explanation.They simultaneously but need not can also refer to an actual physical direction of equipment.This
Outside, term " OK " or " line " are used to the array element collection for describing to be linked together.The link can be cartesian array
Row and column form；However, the invention is not restricted to this.As skilled in the art will appreciate, columns and rows can be easily mutual
It is interchangeable to change and be also intended to these terms in the disclosure.In addition, can also construct non-cartesian arrays and be included in this hair
Within the scope of bright.Correspondingly, term " OK " or " line " and " row " should make extensive interpretation.For the ease of this extensive interpretation,
Specification and claims, which should be mentioned that, is logically organized into row and column.By the way that this means pixel element collection is with linear topological
Interleaved mode is linked together；However, physics or landform arrangement need not be such.For example, row can be circular and to arrange be these circles
Radius, thus circle and radius be described as " logical organization " row and column in the present invention.In addition, specific name (the example of each row
Such as selection line and data wire) it is intended to promote explanation and indicates the adopted name of a specific function, and this specific word
Selection is not intended to limit the present invention.It should be appreciated that all these terms are only used for promoting to institute
The concrete structure of description is better understood from, and is not intended to the limitation present invention in any way.
In the context of the present invention, current driver is adapted to drive current through Active Matrix Display
The equipment of light-emitting component.Specifically, in the context of the present invention, current driver is related to a row pixel of display
Connection.Current driver is adapted to make current flow through the light-emitting component of the row associated with current driver, and the pixel arranged
Light-emitting component receive the electric current from the current driver associated with the row.
The present invention relates to the method and drive circuit for controlling Active Matrix Display, Active Matrix Display such as example
As but be not limited to displayer.The present invention is also not limited to the type of active matrix, and type may include n-type or p-type TFT,
Such as MOSFET.In addition, each embodiment may include the light-emitting component of any suitable type, such as OLED.
In one aspect there is provided a kind of method for controlling digital drive Active Matrix Display, wherein to passing through
The control of the electric current of the light-emitting component of pixel is performed in row level, rather than in Pixel-level.In this regard, luminous member is passed through
The electric current of part can be controlled by the driving transistor inside external circuit rather than each pixel.Outside column driver circuit can
Semiconductor circuit is beneficially based on, for example (it provides the different crystal pipe manufactured in same substrate to single-crystal semiconductor circuit
Characteristic between good homogeney), but the invention is not restricted to this.This method to be that current control can be used a little outside
Integrated circuit is completed, therefore current control can be more accurate.
On the other hand, the present invention relates to the numerical data line drive circuit for driving Active Matrix Display 210
201.(it is schematically illustrated in there is provided the numerical data line drive circuit 201 including multiple current drivers (row driver)
In Fig. 2), for example, one current driver 203 of each row of display 210, it is coupled to ground connection or current sink 204.Each electricity
Stream driver 203 is adapted to driving scheduled current by its associated row, and the electric current each arranged is selected for being somebody's turn to do
The number for the light-emitting component opened in row is proportional.Light-emitting component is digital drive, it means that otherwise they are to open
It is to close.The luminous intensity of light-emitting component transmitting is unrelated with the gray level to be shown, but the gray level is by luminous
The timing that element is driven for example passes through pulsewidth modulation come what is obtained.
For example, current driver can be the external chip with the DAC (digital analog converter) for each row.Fig. 2 shows
The display architecture with numerical data line drive circuit 201 is shown to meaning property, numerical data line drive circuit 201 includes
Current driver 203, wherein electric current are in the control of row level.For each row, electric current is controlled such that electric current with being beaten in the row
The number for the light-emitting component opened is proportional.The change of data on data wire may change the number of the light-emitting component of opening, because
This includes being used to update being delivered by current driver 203 in digital current driver 203 itself in an advantageous embodiment
Electric current device.For example, it may include counter, for synchronously updating the electric current in each row, but this hair with data input
Bright not limited to this.
Numeral selection line drive circuit 202 be used to be sequentially selected display 201 (e.g., including timing control circuit)
Multiple rows in each, and numerical data line drive circuit 201 be used to digital image coding being written to it is selected
Each pixel in row.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the driving transistor of each pixel can drive in a linear fashion, wherein source-electric leakage
Source VSDUsually less than 0.1V, the invention is not restricted to the value certainly.Driving transistor alternatively can carry out work (compensation) by transistor.
Compared with wherein driving transistor drives with for example for the configuration of good current control in the saturated condition, this advantageously leads
Cause significantly reducing for the power consumption in active matrix.In aspects of the present invention, the output resistance of driving transistor is not problem.
Therefore, compared with the driving transistor in existing pixel-driving circuit, it may be such that circuit is simpler, while reducing crosstalk.In addition,
Due to do not require with saturation state drive driving transistor M1, but embodiments in accordance with the present invention it can drive in a linear fashion
It is dynamic, therefore the condition (such as low output resistance) relevant with saturation, and driving transistor M1 channel length need not be met
It can reduce and (for example reduce 1 μm to arrive or smaller), and driving transistor M1 channel width can increase, while remaining in that compact
Pixel design.
In order to realize that the accurate current in various embodiments of the present invention is controlled, the scheduled currents of row preferably in First Line and
Driven between second line, the First Line and the second line are accurate match in resistance in the length of row so that resistive road
Footpath is equal for each light-emitting component in row.In prior art display, electric current is between First Line and the second line
Driving, wherein the second line corresponds to public top electrodes, the public top electrodes are all light-emitting components in display
Public face.In the equipment in this kind of use common top face, resistive pressure drop depends on the number for the light-emitting component opened.
This problem is resolved in the various embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 3 is schematically showing for the row in the display architecture according to various embodiments of the present invention, wherein showing
Multiple pixels are electrically in parallel to be connected to controlled current source 303, and is connected to controlled current flow trap or common ground 304.Controlled electricity
Either or both in stream source 303 and controlled current flow trap or common ground 304 can be implemented advantageously in external drive chip
On.In the example shown in fig. 3, each pixel is included such as the image element circuit in Fig. 1.However, the invention is not restricted to show
Those pixel circuit configurations, and other pixels realize can be used as.Fig. 3 is only shown specifically this of single pixel
Image element circuit 310, but all pixels are considered to have identical circuit；For example, all pixels may include light-emitting component
101st, selection transistor M2 and it is connected to the capacitor C1 of driving transistor M1 and light-emitting component.
Row electric current is driven in including each R between being connected in parallel positioned at pixel1First Line 301 between resistance
And including each R between being connected in parallel positioned at pixel2The second line 302 between resistance.In a particular embodiment,
All R1Resistance is substantially equal to all R2Resistance.R1Resistance is generally relevant with the metal interconnection distribution on the backboard of display.
For example, this can be the thick Mo layers of typical 30nm or the thick Au layers of 30nm.R2Resistance corresponds to top electrodes distribution, typically
Including transparent metal oxide.This kind of transparent metal oxide is with metal phase than with considerably higher resistance.Therefore, in order to be able to
Enough equal resistance paths for realizing all light-emitting components 101 (this may include OLED in certain embodiments) in row, at this
It is executable to measure to obtain the resistors match between the line 302 of First Line 301 and second in some embodiments of invention.This electricity
Resistance matching can be obtained for example by the same metal level for connecting back to the top electrodes of each light-emitting component in backboard, example
As figure 4 illustrates.The metal level 401 of backboard can be connected to each active component layer stack (such as OLED) 405
Top electrodes 402 (it otherwise can be isolated by edge cover plate 403) and bottom electrode 404.Bottom electrode 404 can be with it
He is isolated at mode by interlayer 406 and passivation layer 407.By by R1And R2Realize on same metal level, can be matched by designing
R1And R2.The exemplary arrangement shown in Fig. 4 focuses on resistors match, and the program can be a part for layer stack, for example
A part for flexible layer, for simplified not shown flexible layer.It is worth noting that, the invention is not restricted to the implementation shown in Fig. 4
Example, and other realizations of matching top line and bottom line resistance can be used.For example, realizing resistors match as by designing
Replacement, resistors match can be obtained based on technology modification and by material selection.
Compensation can be used for obtaining the phase in each pixel (driving transistor/light-emitting device unit) (as described further)
Deng voltage.This allows to obtain the equal electric current by each light-emitting component, without in each single pixel
Accurate current control.Therefore, also each pixel can be made to become smaller, and therefore, it is possible to realize the display of higher resolution.
The schematic diagram shown in Fig. 3 can be by exchanging the position of driving transistor M1 and light-emitting component in image element circuit 510
Put further to improve, as shown in Figure 5.The grid of driving transistor in Fig. 5 can be driven digitally in (display and driving
Both device chips) between ground connection and supply voltage.Which greatly reduces design complexities.In addition, as previously mentioned, the
One resistor R1Between each pixel that may be provided in the parallel coupled in the row on First Line 301, and second resistance device R2It can provide
Between each pixel of the parallel coupled in row on First Line 302, and all first resistor R1Second can be substantially equal to
Resistance R2。
In general, resistors match is not enough to identical electric current IrefWith identical (preferably) pressure drop VL *To drive
There is the light-emitting component of opening.Difference may originate from the change, aging and other originals of the difference, temperature in such as transistor characteristic
Cause.It may can ensure that in reference current IrefUnder (i.e. when single pixel is to open by the electric current of the pixel) in each driving
Preferred pressure drop V is obtained in the combination of transistor M1 and light-emitting componentL *.For example, the pressure drop for driving transistor can be applied to mend
Repay.This can be realized by being referred to as 3T2C (3 transistors, 2 capacitors) pixel circuit design, but the present invention is not limited
In this.For example, the driving transistor M1 with back grid can be used as shown in figures 6 and 7.
The circuit shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is similar to the image element circuit 510 in Fig. 5, and it further comprises calibration transistor
M3, one of calibration transistor M3 main electrode is connected to driving transistor M1 back grid.Figure 6 illustrates embodiment in,
Transistor M3 can be connected in the resistance paths of pixel, it means that transistor M3 the second main electrode is coupled to and first
The electrode for the light-emitting component 101 that line 301 is coupled.In the embodiment of the invention shown in figure 7, transistor M3 is not connected the resistance of pixel
Property path in, one of transistor M3 main electrode is coupled to driving transistor M1 back grid, and another main motor is connected
To data circuit (not shown in Fig. 7).In both cases, calibration transistor M3 grid, which is coupled to, is adapted for
Receive the lubber-line of calibration signal.
The pressure drop of each pixel in row can be by all pressure drops to be moved to that minimum in such as row to come
Homogenize, as that can be seen from Fig. 8, wherein voltage VLIt is calibrated to V* L.This can be via digital device (Fig. 6) or analogue means
(Fig. 7) is realized, certainly for the additional connection for this analog compensation or the demand of current source may be caused circuit element
Increase, and cause that total pixel size may be increased.However, the accurate tuning of this current strength wherein is essential
It is probably advantageous embodiment in some applications.Calibration process will illustrated in more detail below.
The invention is not restricted to the circuit for being used to compensate shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.For example, can be used different transistors and
Configuration.The circuit shown in Fig. 9 is connected not comprising back grid.The circuit includes the grid and drain electrode positioned at driving transistor M1
Calibration transistor M4 between (or grid and emitter stage, depending on the type of the transistor used).Again, crystal is calibrated
Pipe M4 grid is coupled to the lubber-line for being adapted for receiving calibration signal.This can increase the pressure drop using data wire.
The present invention is not limited by the type of transistor.
The present invention is also not limited to the realization with two or three transistors.Figure 10 is shown with four transistors
Configuration, i.e. driving transistor M1, selection transistor M2, the additional driving transistors M5 being connected in series with driving transistor M1, with
And the calibration transistor M6 of additional driving transistors M5 grid is calibrated and is connected to for control.The additional drives crystal
Pipe M5 grid voltage can be lowered (simulation control) and therefore can obtain the compensation to the pressure drop in pixel.
The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof, and can be applied to p-type and n-type transistor.Equally, drive
Dynamic circuit may include backboard, and backboard further comprises TFT, such as amorphous silicon hydride (a-Si:H), polysilicon, organic semiconductor,
(amorphous) indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO, IGZO) TFT, but not limited to this.The present invention can be applied to using active matrix
Display, but do not limited by specific type of display.For example, displayer is applicable to, such as RGB or RGBW
AMOLED, it may include fluorescence or phosphorescent OLED, polymer or dendrimers, high generation efficiency phosphorescence dendrimers etc..
In the first aspect of the present invention, a kind of method for digital drive Active Matrix Display is disclosed.Display
A light-emitting component can be included comprising the multiple pixels for being organized into multiple rows and multiple row, each pixel.Method is including the use of number
Word select line drive circuit (such as using clock signal, but not limited to this) is sequentially selected each in multiple rows；Make
Digital image data is write to the pixel of selected row with numerical data line drive circuit, such as to be multiplexed display configuration, but originally
Invention not limited to this)；And driving scheduled current is by each row, the pixel opened in the scheduled current and the row that give row
Number is proportional.
Method may also include the electric current for carrying out more new subscription with the change of the state of the pixel of row.For example, when pixel is changed into closing
When closing, electric current accordingly changes, therefore it is proportional to the number of the pixel of new opening.This can be controlled by counter, example
Such as include the circuit of up/down counter, but the invention is not restricted to this.Electric current can be converted into analog signal, such as via digital-to-analogue
Converter, and electric current can be connected to the pixel in each row via the First Line 301 with the first resistance paths, and each pixel is also
It is connected to the second line 301 for being used as current sink 304 or ground connection with the second resistance paths.In the advantageous embodiment of the present invention
In, the first and second resistance paths are equal or of substantially equal, therefore the pixel each arranged driven by essentially identical electric current
It is dynamic.Herein, " essentially identical electric current " is understood to be the difference that can pay attention to that aberration each other is less than in generation image pixel intensities
The electric current of difference needed for (for human eye).Therefore, the resistance paths of row are not dependent on opening the number of pixel, and
Without carrying out current control to each pixel.
Although the selection line and data wire in the uniformity of the electric current each arranged, active matrix can further comprise crystal
Pipe.The nuance (due to reasons such as manufacture, temperature) of the transistor can produce slight uneven driving.In addition, this
Invention also allows for the driving transistor in the range of linearity, it means that difference can even become apparent from so that calibration and benefit
Repaying the introducing of step becomes favourable.
A kind of example of method of voltage calibration as the particular embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, calibration process is performed to determine on driving transistor M1, additional driving transistors M5 and light-emitting component 101
It is preferred that pressure drop.During calibration process, the light-emitting component 101 in row is sequentially driven so that once drive (opening) single
Light-emitting component 101.For each light-emitting component of opening, such as determination voltage V set forth belowL.Minimum voltage in row is (i.e.
VL *) then it is selected as preferred pressure drop.This process is repeated to each row of display.Calibration process is generally opening display
When complete, and hereafter can regularly be repeated, such as once recalibrated to compensate dynamic effect per hour, such as temperature
Degree.For different lines, preferably pressure drop VL *Can be different.In the circuit shown in compensation circuit, such as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7
Any one, can be used for for each pixel generation predetermined pressure drop V in rowL *.Compensation side is schematically shown in Fig. 8
Method.
For using Fig. 6 circuit come in reference current IrefUnder obtain predetermined voltage on transistor and pixel driver
VL *Process will be described as follows example as voltage compensation.During calibration process, when display is closed, for institute
There is pixel, calibration transistor M3 is activated (calibration signal is high, such as logic 1).This to driving transistor M1 back grid electric discharge.
Then, display is driven (activation selection transistor M2 and by I line by linerefFlow through row) and measure voltage on each row
VL, i.e., the pressure drop in light-emitting component and driving transistor M1 combination.V* is that reference current is sent out when being driven through light-emitting component
Pressure drop on optical element, and this value is known for each light-emitting component.Pressure drop on driving transistor M1 is then
VL-V*.The predetermined voltage V of rowL *It is selected as all V measured in the rowLMinimum voltage in value.Then, using short number word
Calibration transistor M3 is opened in pulse, until pressure drop VLReach the predetermined voltage level V of each pixel in rowL *.This is in fig. 8
Schematically show.
The schematic diagram in Fig. 7 can be used to continue to use similar calibration process.Only choosing for enlivening pixel in activation row
After selecting transistor M2 work and the driving transistor M1 of pixel grid being charged, selection transistor M2 is released again
Activation, so as to maintain the electric current I by light-emitting componentrefFlowing.Then, calibration transistor M3 is activated to charge back grid
To required voltage, by voltage VLIt is gradually lowered to preferred pressure drop VL *.Analog data line for calibration can be in the operation phase
Between it is shared with digital data line.
Difference between the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 schematic diagram using digit pulse come by VLDownwards
It is mobile.Fig. 7 schematic diagram controls V using analog control voltageL.The latter can more accurately realize, but can in final realize
Energy can be excessively huge, as carried.Fig. 6 realization is entirely numeral, but can only be by VLTo moving down, and can not be upward
Move.Generally, back-gate voltage is initially zero, and higher voltage can be applied on back grid to reduce resistance.This causes more
Precipitous resistor/transistor load line, and therefore cause relatively low VL(as shown in Figure 8).Realization in Fig. 7 can be by VLTo
Move up, as shown in figs. 9 and 10.Therefore, the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 has the advantages that extra：If had been carried out excessively
Compensate, then the voltage at back grid can again be reduced after, cause VLIncrease, as shown in Figure 11.
Thin film transistor (TFT) with back grid is all unavailable in the prior art.For not accessing back grid technology
For display technology, compensation is also possible.For these technologies, 3T2C pixels for example as shown in Figure 9 can be used to drive
Dynamic device.Voltage VLCalibration can be obtained by following：Initial selection transistor M2 and calibration transistor M4 is activated with to electricity
Container C2 discharges.To the pressure drop V in the combination of all pixels measurement driving transistor M1 and light-emitting component 101 in rowL.When need
, can be then by activating selection transistor M2 and calibration transistor M4 and applying voltage (or subsequent short number word pulse) when wanting
Increase pressure drop V on to data wireL.In the embodiment without back grid as shown in Figure 9, pressure drop VLIt is merely able to be increased
Plus, unless negative voltage can be applied on data wire.However, much more complex design will be required by applying negative voltage.With Fig. 6 and
The image element circuit shown in Fig. 7 is compared, and Fig. 9 circuit has relatively low electric current under equal size.
Shown in Figure 10 pixel driver circuit have be located at circuit paths in additional driving transistors M5 it is another
One embodiment.Additional driving transistors M5 is typically fully opened (for example, under supply voltage).However, in order to reference to electricity
Flow IrefUnder there are all equal pressure drop V for whole pixelsL, on additional driving transistors M5 (and complementation capacitor C2)
Simulation control (for example using calibration transistor M6) can be used to reduce for grid voltage.
Figure 11 shows to correspond to the calibration method of two pixel driver circuits shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10.These drivings
Voltage can be adjusted to a higher value, V by device circuitL *>VL, the situation of embodiment as shown in Figure 9.If in alignment epoch
Between, the resistance of transistor is added, then the slope reduction of load line, causes higher VL *。
Figure 12 schematically shows the row that can be used for driving Active Matrix Display according to various embodiments of the present invention
The example of the compact realization of current driver 203.Current driver 203 is provided for each row.Compared by EXOR doors 1203
Coded image data (digital bit) and coded image data before, the output of EXOR doors 1203 are driven to such as plus/minus
Counter, such as synchronous up/down counter, it is advantageous that the compact clock up/down counter of n current DACs 1202 of driving
1201.Counter storage is equal to the natural number of the number for the light-emitting component opened in given time respective column.With selection line
Performed at the synchronous each clock pulses of drive circuit and according to digital image data to stored in counter 1201 from
So several renewal.When the state of the light-emitting component in given row is changed into opening from closing, it is stored in counter 1201
Numeral add 1.When the state of the light-emitting component in given row is changed into closing from opening, it is stored in counter 1201
Numeral subtracts 1.It is driven through the scheduled current of respective column and is multiplied by predetermined reference equal to the natural number being stored in counter 1201
Electric current Iref.The electric current that current DAC (each row one) should be obtained on display by careful design is linear.
According to various embodiments of the present invention, the advantage by outer array driver control electric current is that the power consumption of display can
It is significantly reduced.Driving transistor in each pixel work in a linear fashion and therefore, it is possible to low-down pressure drop (for example
VSD<0.1V) drive current through light-emitting component.Driving transistor work is the switch compensated, and the resistive network arranged
By accurate match.
The foregoing description details certain embodiments of the present disclosure.It will be appreciated, however, that no matter showing in the text above
How detailed obtain, the present invention can be realized otherwise.It should be noted that in some features or aspect of the description present invention
When, the use of particular term should not be used to imply that the term is redefined to be limited to include and the term phase herein
The feature of the invention of association or any particular characteristics of aspect.
Although the detailed description has shown that, be described and pointed out novel features of the present invention applied to each embodiment,
Understand those skilled in that art the form and details of shown equipment or processing can be made it is various omit, substitute and change without
Depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. one kind is used for the digital driver circuitry for driving Active Matrix Display (210), the display (210) is included by logic
Ground is organized into multiple pixels of multiple rows and multiple row, and each pixel includes light-emitting component (101),
Wherein described drive circuit includes
The current driver (203) of-each row being directed in the multiple row, it is corresponding for driving scheduled current to pass through
Row, the number of pixel of the scheduled current to being opened in the row is proportional,
- line drive circuit (202) is selected for being sequentially selected the numeral of the multiple row,
- numerical data line drive circuit (201), for selecting line drive circuit synchronously by digital image coding with the numeral
The pixel in selected row is written to, and
- there is the First Line (301) of the first resistance paths and the second line (302) with the second resistance paths, described first
Between line and second line, the scheduled current can be driven through each row, wherein for all luminous in each row
Element, first and second resistance paths are of substantially equal in the length of first and second line.
2. digital driver circuitry as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the display (210) includes backboard, wherein institute
Current driver (203) is stated outside the display backplane.
3. the digital driver circuitry as described in claim 1 more than, it is characterised in that the current driver (203) includes
The circuit of based single crystal matter semiconductor.
4. the digital driver circuitry as described in claim 1 more than, it is characterised in that each current driver (203) is included
It is described for the counter (1201) for the natural number for storing the number for being equal to the light-emitting component opened in preset time respective column
Counter (1201) is synchronous with the numeral selection line drive circuit (202) and in response to the numerical data line drive circuit
(201) change in.
5. digital driver circuitry as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the counter (1201) is up/down counter.
6. the digital driver circuitry as described in claim 1 more than, it is characterised in that also including including pixel-driving circuit
Backboard, the pixel-driving circuit is connectable to multiple light-emitting components (101) of the display (210), wherein each picture
Plain drive circuit includes the device for being used to compensate the difference in the pressure drop between the different pixels in row, and the pressure drop is described
The driving transistor of light-emitting component (101) and the pixel-driving circuit is connected in series determination.
7. digital driver circuitry as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the compensation device includes being used to apply digital benefit
The device repaid.
8. digital driver circuitry as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the compensation device includes being used to apply simulation benefit
The device repaid.
9. one kind is used for the method for digitally driving Active Matrix Display (210), the display (210) is included by logically
Multiple pixels of multiple rows and multiple row are organized into, methods described includes：
Each in the multiple row is sequentially selected using numeral selection line drive circuit (202)；
Digital image data is written to the pixel in selected row using numerical data line drive circuit (201), and
Drive scheduled current by each row, the number for giving pixel of the scheduled current of row to being opened in the row is proportional,
Wherein driving scheduled current by each row be included in current source (303) including the first resistance paths (301) and including
Driving current between the current sink (304) of second resistance paths (302), wherein the resistance base of first and second resistance paths
This is equal.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also include, for each row, storage was equal in preset time
The natural number of the number for the pixel opened in respective column, the number is with the digital selection line circuit synchronization and according to described
Change in numerical data line drive circuit updates.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that also including performing calibration steps, thereby determine that the excellent of each row
Pressure drop is selected, and applies the preferred pressure drop for each pixel in respective column.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that determine that the preferred pressure drop includes the preferred pressure drop is true
It is set to the pixel and the voltage difference being connected in series of the pixel-driving circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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| US201261729738P | 2012-11-26 | 2012-11-26 | |
| US61/729,738 | 2012-11-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/074635 WO2014080014A1 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2013-11-25 | Low power digital driving of active matrix displays |
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| CN104813391A CN104813391A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN104813391B true CN104813391B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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| CN201380061640.7A Active CN104813391B (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2013-11-25 | The low power number word drive of Active Matrix Display |
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| JP (1) | JP6309533B2 (en) |
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| JP2006091860A (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-04-06 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | Display device, driving method of the same, and electronic device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20150088247A (en) | 2015-07-31 |
| US9870757B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
| JP6309533B2 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
| CN104813391A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| TW201426711A (en) | 2014-07-01 |
| US20150317951A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| WO2014080014A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| JP2016502138A (en) | 2016-01-21 |
| KR102011178B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
| TWI601113B (en) | 2017-10-01 |
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