CN104811135B - Photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under common-mode signal interference condition - Google Patents
Photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under common-mode signal interference condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under the common-mode signal interference condition. The nonzero differential signal output between adjacent photovoltaic clusters through gain calibration, the situation that input signals of a direct-current fault arc detection device are influenced by differential factors except the fault arc events is excluded, detection signals between any adjacent photovoltaic clusters of a photovoltaic system are processed through differential conversion, the fault arc detection is conducted through the direct-current fault arc detection device by means of the differential signals, fault photovoltaic modules are cut off when fault arcs happen, and the photovoltaic system unceasingly runs till the balance gain exceeds the set range. The method solves the problem that when the direct-current fault arc detection module detects the electricity quantity of a normal line, due to the influences of common-mode signals, maloperation is caused. It is avoided that the full system stops running when local fault arcs happen, and the fault arc positioning and protecting capacity of the system under the interference of the common-mode signals is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electric fault detection technique field of photovoltaic, and in particular to a kind of to correct to compensate based on balancing gain
Non-zero differential signal during the arc event that do not break down is exported, processes detection between two photovoltaic string of arbitrary neighborhood based on differential conversion
Signal eliminates the common mode signal components included by photovoltaic system detection signal, and the current set value based on balancing gain judges
Photovoltaic system running status, realize photovoltaic system can localized resection failure photovoltaic module to stablize the side of Maximum Power Output
Method.
Background technology
Along with the intensive exploitation of global non-renewable energy resources and the requirement of sustainable development, with solar energy as primary energy
Photovoltaic generating system be able to residential quarter in the world and industry and commerce field is widely popularized and comes into operation.But from upper
Century, the nineties rose, and various places photovoltaic generating system takes place frequently fire incident, and the photovoltaic generating system for adding at that time is usually distributed in
Building roof exterior wall, wilderness field etc. lack under the inflammable external environment of supervision, have thus resulted in substantial amounts of economic loss very
To threat to life safety.Found by studying, these fire are almost by caused by fault electric arc.Once going out in photovoltaic system
Existing line insulation is aging, damaged or electric loop has situations such as connecting loosening, and fault electric arc will be produced at these positions.
The flat shoulder phenomenon produced because of phase change that it does not have that AC fault electric arc has, the continuous high temperature developed by which
Ionized gas will discharge up to more than 1000 degrees Celsius of heat till photovoltaic system no longer generates electricity, this hot gas
And the metal melt of splash is burnt photovoltaic system component or lights inflammable explosive article around by its fusing metal conductor, finally
Region area is caused to have a power failure and large area fire explosion.Therefore, various countries formulate the inspection of photovoltaic system DC Line Fault electric arc in succession
Device design and testing standard are surveyed, to instruct the direct current for urging detection fault electric arc the fault electric arc device of isolation generation in time
The research and development of fault arc detection device.
At present, detect for photovoltaic system fault electric arc, although having obtained for detection simultaneously through studying for a long period of time both at home and abroad
The DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device of excision fault electric arc, but the fault electric arc detection common-mode signal phenomenon in photovoltaic system is prevented
Model ability is also very weak.Such as cross talk phenomenon in photovoltaic system just can cause showing for this kind of common-mode signal generation
As i.e. system will produce the signal of the exclusive feature of fault electric arc, directly after the electric arc that breaks down on corresponding faulty line
Stream fault arc detection device generally analyzes the presence of this signal identification fault electric arc in detection signal.However, part event
Barrier arc characteristic signal can be conducted by circuit in communication process or two approach of electromagnetic induction are coupled to some extent
Remaining regular link, this common-mode signal interference regular link signal also make regular link possess similar failure electricity while propagation
The feature of arc so that regular link is mistakenly identified as faulty line by DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, causes to be integrated in photovoltaic mould
(Miniature inverter uses the direct current measurement of single photovoltaic module output to block, therefore is integrated in the DC Line Fault of Miniature inverter
Arc protection device still belongs to such), (group serial type inverter uses the unidirectional current of single photovoltaic string output to be integrated in photovoltaic string
Amount, thus the DC Line Fault arc protection device for being integrated in group serial type inverter still belongs to such) DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device
Extensive malfunction.This has just run counter to use and has been integrated in photovoltaic module (being integrated in Miniature inverter, afterwards together), photovoltaic string (collection in a large number
DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device in a group serial type inverter, afterwards together) increasing the regular link working time, ensure to occur therefore
The original intention of still Maximum Power Output under barrier arcing conditions.For be integrated in inverter (refer exclusively to concentrated inverter, its process
Direct current measurement is the direct current measurement of the whole photovoltaic system output through header box process, compares the above two and has more globality)
For DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, simply by the presence of fault electric arc, whole photovoltaic system just quits work, thus on not existing
Drawback is stated, but the interference of common-mode signal makes regular link the direct current event in the system obviously be caused similar to the phenomenon of fault electric arc
The barrier electric arc detecting device generation position real to fault electric arc is difficult to determine.
Fault electric arc can just produce cross talk phenomenon after occurring, and make normal photovoltaic wire road all have some identical failures
Arc characteristic signal, the also interference of exactly these common-mode signals cause DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device to be mistakenly considered which to break down
Electric arc and misoperation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve DC Line Fault arc protection device be subject to when photovoltaic system breaks down electric arc
The impact of common-mode signal and cause the problem of malfunction, there is provided the photovoltaic system fault electric arc under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition
Detection method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme below is present invention employs：
The first step, the fault electric arc detection common-mode signal interference of elimination photovoltaic system
In photovoltaic system running, to two photovoltaic string synchronized sampling of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood, what sampling was obtained is defeated
Go out electric quantity signal and be balanced gain and differential conversion process successively；
Second step, failure electricity is carried out using the differential conversion differential signal that obtains of process by DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device
Arc is detected；
3rd step, according to fault electric arc testing result, when arc event is not broken down, according to non-zero Difference signal pair
Balancing gain is corrected, and photovoltaic system continuous service is made when the balancing gain after correction is without departing from set point, and event is occurring
During barrier electric arc, then excision correspondence photovoltaic string internal fault photovoltaic module continues to run with photovoltaic system until balancing gain exceeds
Set point, the principle for correcting balancing gain are not break down
The signal of detection means is homodyne sub-signal.
Photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under the common-mode signal disturbed condition specifically includes following steps：
1) starting stage is run in photovoltaic system, determined according to the output situation of photovoltaic system adjacent photovoltaic string electricity and balanced
The original state of gain；
2) in photovoltaic system operation, by sample frequency f1Output electric quantity signal to two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood
Sampled, obtained two-way detection signal, will wherein detection signal be carried out with another road detection signal Jing after balancing gain all the way
Differential conversion process, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is according to the inspection Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed read in
Survey whether signal exceeds set point N0, judge whether read in electric quantity signal constitutes non-zero differential signal, if beyond setting
Scope N0, then judge in current sample time photovoltaic system corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic strings output electric quantity signal Jing balancing gains and
Non-zero differential signal is constituted after differential conversion process, step 3 is gone to)；If without departing from set point N0, then when judging present sample
Carve the corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic strings output electric quantity signal of photovoltaic system zero differential is constituted Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed
Signal, keeps the setting value of current balancing gain constant, then carries out Jing balancing gains next time and differential conversion is processed
Detection signal read in；
3) DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is carried out by characteristic quantity analysis of threshold according to the non-zero differential signal for being read in
Fault electric arc is detected, and judges that whether current sample time breaks down arc event, if breaking down arc event, counts
Variable N is counted, and then goes to step 4)；If not breaking down arc event, counting variable N is reset, during according to present sample
The output electric quantity signal for carving corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system is corrected to balancing gain, then goes to step 5)；
4) whether failure judgement arc event recurs：If fault electric arc event recurs N1It is secondary, then judge current
Break down in sampling instant photovoltaic system electric arc, cuts off failure photovoltaic module, keeps remaining photovoltaic system component still normal
Work, resets counting variable N, is then back to step 2)；If fault electric arc event does not recur N1It is secondary, then keep current and put down
The setting value of weighing apparatus gain is constant, is then back to step 2)；
5) judge balancing gain whether beyond set point N2If exceeding set point N2, then judge current sample time light
The corresponding adjacent photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal of volt system has big difference, and takes protective measure and makes photovoltaic system quit work, if
Without departing from set point N2, then judge that the corresponding adjacent photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal of current sample time photovoltaic system is differed not
Greatly, photovoltaic system remains to reliable normal operation, and return to step is 2).
Sample frequency f1Span be 10kHz～50kHz, set point N0For-B～B, the span of B is
10-3～10-15, N1Span be 3～5.
When realizing that eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection common-mode signal disturbs using software, DC Line Fault arc-detection dress
Put and need to set up photovoltaic module output electric quantity signal input port, balancing gain correction and differential conversion are processed and utilize DC Line Fault
Software in electric arc detecting device is realized；When realizing that eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection common-mode signal disturbs using hardware,
Need to detect in photovoltaic system and between electricity device and DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, be provided for the flat of balancing gain correction
Weighing apparatus correction output device and the signal processing apparatus for differential conversion process, balancing gain correction are filled by balance correction output
Put and realize with the communication between DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device.
When photovoltaic system output electricity is sampled, should ensure that sampling is consistent from the output electricity type of adjacent two photovoltaic string,
For the output electric quantity signal that the adjacent photovoltaic string to same DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is input into by the input port
There should be consistent electricity type.
The method for eliminating the detection common-mode signal interference of photovoltaic system fault electric arc is to eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc
The circuit common mode noise signal that the cross talk common mode component and other extraneous factors for causing is produced is suitable for.
If only differential signal is presented fault electric arc feature all the way, then fault electric arc occurs forming the road differential signal
In first photovoltaic string or last photovoltaic string；If adjacent two paths of differential signals is presented fault electric arc feature, then fault electric arc occurs
Formed in the common photovoltaic string of the two paths of differential signals.
Step 2) in homodyne sub-signal the output of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device port and is kept low level, indicate
Photovoltaic system is in this state that takes place frequently of normal operating conditions.
The present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
This invention removes the common mode in photovoltaic system fault electric arc signal to be detected by caused by the factors such as cross talk
Signal component, the fault electric arc that photovoltaic system is betided under conditions of disturbing presence for this kind of common-mode signal also can accurate and effective
Detection so that the DC Line Fault arc protection dress under above-mentioned interference environment still only accurately and reliably in action failure circuit
Put, continue the DC Line Fault arc protection device normal work for keeping being integrated on normal photovoltaic module, photovoltaic string, cut in time
Disconnected fault electric arc eliminates the total system protection device chain reaction for also avoiding local fault electric arc from being caused while disaster hidden-trouble
Phenomenon so that photovoltaic system remains to remaining normal component Maximum Power Output using system in these cases, and light is substantially improved
The economic benefit of volt system；The present invention cuts off failure photovoltaic module after fault electric arc is found in time, and adjusts balance now
Gain so that remaining photovoltaic module still energy normal table work, substantially prolongs effective generating dutation of photovoltaic system, increases
The economic benefit of system, being limited by the scope that balancing gain is corrected guarantees arbitrary neighborhood photovoltaic string photovoltaic module quantity gap
It is limited in certain scope, it is ensured that the reliable and stable running status of photovoltaic system；The present invention is due to being changed based on signal differential
Eliminate common mode signal components of the arbitrary neighborhood photovoltaic string by caused by the factors such as cross talk, moreover it is possible to eliminate arbitrary neighborhood photovoltaic string
Other additional common-mode signals of residing electromagnetic environment, realization treat the common mode in DC Line Fault arc current detection means signal Analysis
Filtering for signal component, enhances the reliability and sensitivity of fault electric arc detection.
Further, the method hardware is realized simple, it is only necessary to sampled signal device and DC Line Fault in former photovoltaic system
Balance correction output device and signal processing apparatus are added between electric arc detecting device, the balancing gain for signal is corrected and poor
Divide conversion process, it is with low cost；The method also can be realized with software is whole, it is only necessary to set up inspection in DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device
Signal input port is surveyed, only need to increase signal processing, Programming Principle in DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device software program
Simply, cost of implementation is cheap.
Further, the method adjusts balancing gain when arc event is not broken down, and in the electric arc thing that breaks down
After part, keep balancing gain current set value constant, it is to avoid photovoltaic system output difference itself and the output signal that causes is dry
Disturb, effective guarantee non-zero differential signal is only caused by fault electric arc, enhance system and common mode is introduced by factors such as cross talks
The reliability of fault electric arc detection under signal disturbed condition.
Further, the method can adopt simple signal processing circuit model realization, and electric quantity signal of sampling is being entered
Can be relatively easy to realize carrying out type conversion to electric quantity signal while row difference, so the sampled signal type of sample circuit is same
The signal Analysis type of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is unrelated, thus has widened photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection feature analysiss
Optional signal collection, solve the signal type of fault electric arc Algorithm Analysis requirement and contradict with detection corresponding signal type difficulty
The problems such as.
Further, whether the method can adopt and first judge differential signal for zero then only to being drawn by fault electric arc
The non-zero differential signal for rising carries out the sequential processing order of fault electric arc detection, indicates that photovoltaic system is in using low level output
The mode of this state that takes place frequently run normally, the significant increase rapidity of photovoltaic system signal processing makes whole DC Line Fault
Electric arc detecting device is in efficiently succinct working condition.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are one of photovoltaic system fault arc detection method flow chart under the common-mode signal disturbed condition of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b are two of the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method flow chart under the common-mode signal disturbed condition of the present invention；
Fig. 1 c are three of the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method flow chart under the common-mode signal disturbed condition of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a are one of photovoltaic system theory diagram when application software of the present invention is realized；
Fig. 2 b are two of photovoltaic system theory diagram when application software of the present invention is realized；
Fig. 3 a are that the present invention is applied to the specific photovoltaic system comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in inverter
System theory diagram；
Fig. 3 b are the signal processing apparatus circuit model in Fig. 3 a；
Fig. 4 a are that the present invention is applied to the specific photovoltaic system comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in photovoltaic string
System theory diagram；
Fig. 4 b are the signal processing apparatus circuit model in Fig. 4 a；
Fig. 5 a are that the present invention is applied to the specific photovoltaic comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in photovoltaic module
System principle diagram；
Fig. 5 b are the signal processing apparatus circuit model in Fig. 5 a；
In figure：1st, photovoltaic system；2nd, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device；3rd, inverter；4th, order wire；5th, trip gear；
6th, chopper；7th, AC network；8th, detect electricity device；9th, short switch；10th, photovoltaic module；11st, balance correction output dress
Put；12nd, signal processing apparatus.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to Fig. 1 a, the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition：Confirming photovoltaic
During the arc event that do not break down in system, the balancing gain in output device is corrected by adjustment, it is to avoid photovoltaic system
Differential signal is produced because of the not equal factor of the even or contained photovoltaic module quantity of uneven illumination between two photovoltaic string of arbitrary neighborhood defeated
The situation for going out, it is ensured that the differential signal output between photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood photovoltaic string is only caused by fault electric arc；Again by right
Detection signal between two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood carries out differential conversion process, eliminates photovoltaic system detection signal and is wrapped
The common mode signal components caused by factors such as cross talks for containing, then using DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device using gained
Non-zero differential signal completes fault electric arc detection；When electric arc is broken down, the failure photovoltaic Jing after fault location confirms is cut off
Module, now the place photovoltaic string of the excision failure photovoltaic module there may be difference with adjacent photovoltaic string U-I output characteristic curves
It is different, the balancing gain in balance correction output device should be re-established according to the sampling electricity for now reading in adjacent photovoltaic string；
The string output electricity of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood two is judged by the balancing gain current set value in balance correction output device
When two photovoltaic string of arbitrary neighborhood output electricity gap is little, gap, still ensures that photovoltaic system is stably transported with peak power output
OK, until balancing gain is out of service beyond set point side, it is ensured that the stable operation of photovoltaic system, extend system maximum work
The time of rate output.The present invention greatly improves fault electric arc detection of the photovoltaic system under the conditions of cross talk etc. and takes precautions against energy
Power, it is to avoid conventional detection devices introduce the malfunction problems under common-mode signal disturbed condition in factors such as cross talks, enhance
Photovoltaic system keeps the ability of maximum power output and fault electric arc positioning.
With reference to Fig. 1 b, the step to the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under common-mode signal disturbed condition of the present invention
Suddenly it is specifically described.
Step one, initialization procedure：Balancing gain G (complete light during initialization that is set as 1 in balance correction output device
Volt system is in uniform photoenvironment E, makes whole system work in rated condition (I, U), wherein, I=IN, U=UN, INFor
Rated current, UNFor rated voltage, each photovoltaic string output electricity substantially close to), select signal processing apparatus (sampling electricity letter
Number type determines signal processing apparatus input signal types, and DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device analysis electric quantity signal type determines letter
Number processing meanss output signal type), DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device port reset, event of failure times N reset reset and
Order wire communication mode etc. is set.
Step 2, balance correction output device are every certain sampling time T1Read in the sampling electricity letter of adjacent two string
Number, after reading, photovoltaic string sampling electric quantity signal is directly exported, and another photovoltaic string sampling electric quantity signal needs Jing balancing gains rear
It is exportable.Wherein, the principle of balancing gain correction is not break down
The differential conversion signal of arc detection means is zero.Balance correction output device is latched automatically and directly exports photovoltaic string sampling electricity letter
Number M.
Wherein, sampling time T1It is less, sample frequency f1Higher, the speed processed to electric quantity signal of sampling is faster, and generation is sent
Enter also faster to the differential signal of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, then the just detection to fault electric arc event generation time is got over
Accurately, the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device in photovoltaic system is also higher to sensitivity that fault electric arc is detected, combined with hardware
The maximum fault electric arc break time requirement that design considers and American Standard is concluded, f110kHz～50kHz is taken as typically.
The two-way electric quantity signal exported by step 3, signal processing apparatus receiving balance correction output device, is light all the way
Lie prostrate string directly sampling electric quantity signal, the adjacent sampling electric quantity signal of going here and there that another Lu Weijing balancing gains are processed.In order to highlight failure electricity
Effect of the arc to electric quantity signal of sampling, from unitary variant principle, should ensure that adjacent two string being input into signal processing apparatus
Sampling electric quantity signal type is consistent, i.e., crude sampling electric quantity signal type should be consistent.Then signal processing apparatus are according to both job orientation
Can, two input signals of device are carried out into difference processing and electric quantity signal type conversion is carried out, generation treats that DC Line Fault electric arc is examined
Survey the characteristic signal that device is processed.
Step 4, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device receive the electricity that the Jing differential conversions of signal processing apparatus output are processed
Signal, judges whether the electric quantity signal that the Jing differential conversions are processed exceeds set point N0.If without departing from set point N0, then table
The signal processing apparatus of bright corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string do not export effective non-zero differential signal, judge that current sample time is input into
To the electricity difference very little of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system of signal processing apparatus, negligible difference thinks both phases
Normal operating conditions is in Deng, photovoltaic system, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device port output low level simultaneously keeps, it is corresponding to connect
Order wire to balance correction output device also persistently exports low level, keeps balancing gain in the balance correction output device
Current set value it is constant, being then back to step 2 carries out the reading of sampled signal next time；If differential signal is beyond setting model
Enclose N0, then show the signal processing apparatus output non-zero differential signal of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string, judge that current sample time is defeated
Enter the electricity of the corresponding adjacent photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system to signal processing apparatus, this or because of residing illumination ring outside photovoltaic string
The average effect in border is different, or because of the photovoltaic module number included inside photovoltaic string, or because being included inside photovoltaic string
Noise signal, or cause because of the electric arc that breaks down in photovoltaic string, also need to carry out further situation differentiation, difference
The non-zero input of signal makes the port transition of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device send high level signal and keep, now respective communication
Line also continuous transmission high level, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device latch automatically non-zero differential signal D, then go to step 5
Carry out fault electric arc feature analysiss, it is determined whether need the balancing gain in adjustment correction output device.
The average effect for being sampled in pending photovoltaic system residing photoenvironment outside adjacent photovoltaic string is different, even if
The photovoltaic module number that included inside two photovoltaic strings is consistent, but the U-I characteristic curves exported due to each photovoltaic module are same
Photoenvironment residing for itself is closely related, therefore the U-I characteristic curves of adjacent photovoltaic string output are different etc. in photovoltaic system
Imitate certainty under average lighting effect also different, thus produce non-zero differential signal.In the same manner, though residing for two photovoltaic strings etc.
Imitate that average photoenvironment is identical, but as the photovoltaic module number included inside each photovoltaic string is inconsistent, will also result in light
In volt system, the U-I characteristic curves of adjacent photovoltaic string output are different, can also produce non-zero differential signal.It is non-under both of these case
Homodyne sub-signal is caused by photovoltaic system itself output difference, is not by caused by the fault electric arc occurred in system
, thus be necessary to generate and take balance correction output device to be disappeared by recognizing the differential signal under both of these case
Remove, to guarantee that fault electric arc is the single factor that initiation non-zero differential signal is produced, be conducive to lift system fault electric arc to detect
Reliability.
The average lighting effect of different equivalent referred herein includes situations below：1) run into cirrocumulus in photovoltaic system to float
Cross, aircraft is skimmed over, leaveves are sailed, small bird flies over etc. in short-term illumination variation environment when, in photovoltaic system certain to or it is several to adjacent light
There is of short duration difference in the residing photoenvironment of volt string, and the U-I outputs of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of this light differential order are special
Linearity curve has differences；2) along with the movement of position of sun so that the object with screening effect such as building, trees is blocked
The part of module of photovoltaic system, cause in photovoltaic system certain to or several photoenvironments to residing for adjacent photovoltaic string there is dynamic
The change procedure of difference, and this light differential makes the U-I output characteristic curves of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string have differences；3) exist
Ambient weather factor causes dust spot, fallen leaves, ice and snow on photovoltaic module during the situation such as skewness, in photovoltaic system certain
To or several light transmission capacity long-term existence differences to adjacent photovoltaic string, and the U-I of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of this light differential order
Output characteristic curve has differences；4) the different degrees of aging action of photovoltaic system itself causes conversion of the photovoltaic module to illumination
Efficiency has differences, long-term local pyrexia causes the situations such as hot spot pockety are formed on photovoltaic module, in photovoltaic system
Certain to or several light transmission capacities to adjacent photovoltaic string also long-term existence difference, and this light differential order corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string
U-I output characteristic curves have differences.
The noise signal included inside photovoltaic string mentioned here refers to by the electromagnetic noise interference of system local environment
The signal for being caused, these signals are generally individually had differences between adjacent photovoltaic string in photovoltaic system, i.e. Jing signal processing apparatus
Process after can produce differential signal, but its order of magnitude often compared with the difference caused by uneven illumination, photovoltaic module quantity variance
Number of signals level is much smaller, after the order of magnitude of this differential signal reaches to a certain degree, due to will not fall into fault electric arc inspection
Survey in feature, can still rely on balance correction output device and be eliminated.
Wherein, limit the output signal set point N that Jing differential conversions are processed0It is bigger, it is tight to two adjacent photovoltaic string outputs
The equal requirement of lattice is lower, and the composition of the difference processing signal carrying photovoltaic system itself affect factor of output is relative to be increased,
The general precision of combined input signal Algorithm Analysis requires consideration, N0For-B～B, the span of B is 10-3～10-15。
After step 5, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device confirmation signal processing meanss output non-zero differential signal, immediately will
The differential signal is brought into into the characteristic quantity calculates formula for signal analysis for having set, obtains the numerical value of individual features amount, and
Compared with the characteristic quantity threshold value of setting, the arc event that whether breaks down in current sample time photovoltaic system is judged.If sending out
Raw fault electric arc event, then be designated as primary fault arc event, and corresponding counts variable N is counted Jia one, goes to step 8；If not sending out
Raw fault electric arc event, then judge that current photovoltaic system does not break down electric arc, even if N has the event that value is also that accidental factor causes
Barrier electric arc erroneous judgement, resets variable N, goes to step 6.
Wherein, compared with conventional photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection, the feature of the present invention is just the letter of abovementioned steps
Number processing function so that the input signal of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is the difference Jing after balancing gain, differential conversion process
Sub-signal and the non-immediate electric quantity signal for obtaining of sampling from original system, cause so as to eliminate cross talk in primary signal etc.
Common mode signal components, and do not possess fault electric arc feature by the differential signal components caused by cross talk, school can be balanced
The compensation of positive output device is eliminated.The characteristic quantity and threshold value that differential signal is obtained using signal analysis theory has been mature technology, this
In do not carry out expansion explanation.
Step 6, confirmation system do not break down after arc event, judge corresponding phase in current sample time photovoltaic system
Photovoltaic string output electricity in adjacent string not etc. is caused by photovoltaic system oneself factor, this or because of residing illumination ring outside photovoltaic string
The average effect in border is different, or because of the photovoltaic module number included inside photovoltaic string, or because being included inside photovoltaic string
Noise signal not wait and cause.Now order wire is sent to the high level control command of balance correction output device and has just now
Effect, balance correction output device receive being corrected by the balancing gain that DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is sent for Jing order wires transmission
Instruction.Thus, balance correction output device is according to setting rule regulating balancing gain：According to current sample time photovoltaic system phase
Balancing gain in adjacent two photovoltaic strings output electric quantity signal adjustment balance correction output device, to eliminate photovoltaic system current time
Non-zero differential signal output by caused by photovoltaic system self reason.
Balance correction output device exports adopting for photovoltaic string according to the balancing gain G in balance correction output device, directly
Sample electric quantity signal M, non-zero differential signal D, obtain the sampling electric quantity signal of adjacent photovoltaic string according to calculating formula M'=(M-D)/G
M'.The new balancing gain G' for next time to sampled signal being balanced gain calibration is obtained using calculating formula G'=M/M' then.
After completing the balancing gain correction in balance correction output device, balance correction output device Jing order wires are to DC Line Fault electric arc
Detection means sends and completes signal, makes DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device reset output port, keeps difference processing signal to be zero
When corresponding low level output state.
Step 7, judge that whether balancing gain is beyond set point in balance correction output device, if exceeding set point
N2, then judge that the photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal in the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system has big difference, or because cutting
Except failure photovoltaic module quantity reaches the upper limit, or cause because suffered light differential is huge, photovoltaic system part under this state
The electricity off-rating born by component, the unstable factor of system work increase, and should take protective measure and make photovoltaic
System stalls, are safeguarded.If without departing from set point N2, then judge the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system
In photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal be more or less the same, even if a small amount of failure photovoltaic module of excision or facing the little illumination of difference and becoming
Change environment, system component remains to reliable normal operation, can continue to photovoltaic system normal power generation state, and return to step two is carried out
The reading of sampled signal next time.
Wherein, balancing gain G is bigger, and the adjacent string U-I output characteristic curve difference allowed by photovoltaic system is bigger, system
The failure photovoltaic module quantity that can be cut off is more, and the uneven illumination environment that can be born is bigger, thus can greatly prolong system
The time of peak power output.However, when photovoltaic system adjacent photovoltaic string U-I output characteristic curve differences reach capacity, it is minimum
The undertension provided by pressure photovoltaic string, also cannot even if photovoltaic system has electricity output with maintaining inverter normal work
The conversion of Jing inverters is fed to electrical network.It is series feed to low pressure photovoltaic also to there is high pressure photovoltaic string in the photovoltaic system of clog-free diode
The phenomenon of power transmission stream.Period, the U-I output characteristic curves of low pressure photovoltaic string are located at high pressure photovoltaic string U-I output characteristic curves
Lower section, Jing MPPT algorithms adjust and cause low pressure photovoltaic string to find new operating point until low pressure photovoltaic string output voltage is with high press polish
Till volt string is equal, corresponding low pressure photovoltaic string itself output current has declined.When two photovoltaic strings differ photovoltaic module quantity mistake
When many, the U-I output characteristic curves of low pressure photovoltaic string then differ larger with pressure photovoltaic string U-I output characteristic curves, now high pressure
Point on the U-I output characteristic curves of the magnitude of voltage correspondence low pressure photovoltaic string of photovoltaic string is located at fourth quadrant, i.e. the low pressure photovoltaic
String does not only have output current to receive the feeding electric current of other photovoltaic strings on the contrary so that what low pressure photovoltaic string had that excessively stream burns can
Energy.Then there is no the feedback stream circulation phenomenon between photovoltaic string, the output voltage of two photovoltaic strings in the photovoltaic system for having blocking diode
Difference is fully fallen on blocking diode, is to cut off failure photovoltaic mould to greatest extent with the difference of aforementioned clog-free diode system
When the U-I output characteristic curves open-circuit voltage of the low pressure photovoltaic string after block is less than the output voltage of high pressure photovoltaic string, the low pressure light
Volt string quits work.
Therefore, it is determined that set point N2When, following principle should be considered and concluded：1) in the photovoltaic of particular job
In system, the maximum voltage electric current tolerance value that photovoltaic string can bear is obtained according to its rated voltage current class, it is considered to cut off one
Photovoltaic module in string reaches the photovoltaic string output electricity difference maximum situation produced by under ultimate value or the worst photoenvironment to be caused
Maximal regulated electricity still less than the maximum tolerance value of the corresponding electricity of single string；2) can be persistently reliable and stable for guarantee photovoltaic system
Work, two photovoltaic string electricity disparity in the case of namely reach N2During boundary, the less photovoltaic string of output electricity should be able to be expired
The minimum operating voltage requirement of sufficient inverter；3) cut off that the photovoltaic module in a string reaches ultimate value or the worst photoenvironment is lower is produced
After raw photovoltaic string output electricity difference maximum situation, after the U-I output characteristic curves after change can ensure that MPPT algorithm adjustment
Stable operating point be constrained on short dot and open circuit point within；4) for adjacent string balance correction output device connection shape
Formula, scope N2The lower limit and N of setting2The upper limit reciprocal relation should be presented.
Step 8, the misoperation for causing DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device in order to avoid accidentalia, by setting failure
Arc event counting variable threshold value N1, it is believed that only fault electric arc event is recurred and reaches N1After secondary, just think occur in system
Fault electric arc, thus improves DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device detection reliability.If N=N1, then produce in judging photovoltaic system
Fault electric arc, the trip gear cut-off breaker in DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device control respective lines, localized resection therefore
Barrier photovoltaic module is to extinguish fault electric arc, and generates fault electric arc process record report in time to supervisor, keeps excision failure
After photovoltaic module, remaining photovoltaic module still normally runs work, now the place photovoltaic string homophase of the excision failure photovoltaic module
Adjacent photovoltaic string U-I output characteristic curves there may be difference, should be re-established according to the sampling electricity for now reading in adjacent string
Balancing gain in balance correction output device, resets variable N, therefore return to step two carries out the reading of sampled signal next time；
If N is ＜ N1, then need further to carry out the judgement that fault electric arc detection avoids accidental malfunction interference fault electric arc, now due to being
System may break down electric arc, and in photovoltaic system, the electric quantity change difference of adjacent photovoltaic string is probably to be caused by fault electric arc,
The current set value of balancing gain in the balance correction output device should be kept constant, therefore ensure that fault electric arc is caused
Differential conversion feature invariant, being then back to step 2 carries out the reading of sampled signal next time.
Wherein, fault electric arc event count variable threshold N1Bigger, detected system charge change is by failure electricity
The probability that arc causes is higher, and fault electric arc detection reliability is also higher, considers with reference to the requirement of fast shut-off fault electric arc, N1One
As be taken as 3～5.
The place photovoltaic string to the excision failure photovoltaic module is now needed to be sampled next time letter with adjacent photovoltaic string
Whether number read in and do difference conversion process judges differential conversion signal beyond threshold value N0, thereby determine whether to correct the balance
Balancing gain in correction output device, rather than the balance is directly corrected according to contained photovoltaic module number inside two photovoltaic strings
Correction output device in balancing gain the reason for be：When needing to correct balancing gain after excision failure photovoltaic module, Ke Nengqia
Ingeniously there is unbalanced lighting effect, the average lighting effect that the photovoltaic string for causing photovoltaic module number less is subject to is stronger, by
This offsets the effect of U-I output characteristic curves reduction caused by excision failure photovoltaic module, if now two photovoltaic of direct basis
Photovoltaic module number contained by string is internal corrects the balancing gain in the balance correction output device, can cause correction balance on the contrary
The still differential signal output of old non-zero after the completion of gain.
Before sampled signal reading next time is carried out after completing certain fault electric arc detection excision failure photovoltaic module, should be clear
Zero failure arc event counting variable N, it is to avoid when now causing signal analysis because of accidental factor wrong diagnosis its be fault electric arc thing
Part, to dependent variable N=N1+ 1 direct wrong diagnosis is now broken down electric arc again, and without N1Secondary continuous fault electric arc thing
Part is diagnosed.
Referring to Fig. 1 c, the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under common-mode signal disturbed condition of the present invention it is another
Embodiment is planted, that is, adopting first carries out whether fault electric arc detection then carries out differential signal when arc event is not broken down
The judgement of non-zero this sequential processing mode, comprises the following steps：
1) starting stage is run in photovoltaic system, determined according to the output situation of photovoltaic system adjacent photovoltaic string electricity and balanced
The original state of gain；
2) in photovoltaic system operation, by sample frequency f1Output electric quantity signal to two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood
Sampled, obtained two-way detection signal, will wherein detection signal be carried out with another road detection signal Jing after balancing gain all the way
Differential conversion process, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is according to the adopting Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed read in
Sample signal, carries out fault electric arc detection by characteristic quantity analysis of threshold, and judges whether current sample time breaks down electric arc
Event, if breaking down arc event, counting variable N is counted, and then goes to step 4)；If not breaking down arc event,
Counting variable N is then reset, step 3 is then gone to)；
3) DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is according to the detection Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed read in
Whether signal exceeds set point N0, judge whether the signal processing apparatus of two photovoltaic string of arbitrary neighborhood export non-zero differential letter
Number, if exceeding set point N0, then in judging current sample time photovoltaic system, this pair of adjacent photovoltaic string is input into signal processing
The electricity of device is not waited and produces non-zero differential signal, or this is because of the average effect difference of photoenvironment residing for photovoltaic string, or because
The photovoltaic module number included by photovoltaic string, or because the noise signal that included inside photovoltaic string not etc. cause, therefore
Balancing gain in correction balance correction output device is until be less than set point N0Till, then go to step 5)；If not
Beyond set point N0, then judge that current sample time photovoltaic system does not export non-zero differential signal and is in normal condition, then
Keep the current set value of balancing gain in the balance correction output device constant, be then back to step 2) adopted next time
Sample signal reads in；
4) whether failure judgement arc event recurs, if fault electric arc event recurs N1It is secondary, then judge photovoltaic
Break down in system electric arc, cuts off failure photovoltaic module, keeps remaining photovoltaic system component to remain unchanged normal work, resets and count
Variable N, is then back to step 2) carry out sampled signal reading next time；If fault electric arc event does not recur N1It is secondary, then protect
The current set value for holding balancing gain in the balance correction output device is constant, is then back to step 2) sampled next time
Signal reads in；
5) in judging balance correction output device, whether balancing gain is beyond set point N2If exceeding set point N2, then
Judge that the photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal in the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system has big difference, or because cutting off failure
Photovoltaic module quantity reaches the upper limit, or causes because suffered light differential is huge, takes protective measure and makes photovoltaic system stop
Work, is safeguarded.If without departing from set point N2, then judge the photovoltaic in the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system
String output electric quantity signal is more or less the same, and system component remains to reliable normal operation, is then back to step 2) sampled next time
Signal reads in.
A kind of this embodiment use first carry out fault electric arc detection then enter when arc event is not broken down
Whether non-zero judges this sequential processing mode to row differential signal.In most cases the photovoltaic system initial stage input of better performances makes
Used time, the probability of the electric arc that breaks down are less.Consequently, it is possible to the differential signal most cases of Jing signal processing apparatus output are
Zero, extract, analyze, compare completely without the fault eigenvalue that input signal is carried out by DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device.
Therefore, although a kind of this embodiment can realize the thought of the inventive method, which additionally consumes excessive DC Line Fault electric arc
Detection means process signal time and internal memory, are unfavorable for the lifting of photovoltaic system signal processing rapidity, are less useful for whole straight
The lifting of stream fault arc detection device work efficiency.
With reference to Fig. 2, illustrate the removing method of the application present invention in comprising DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device photovoltaic system
Software implementing course.Due to processing to the balancing gain of signal in the present invention, the available algorithm programming such as differential conversion process it is real
It is existing, therefore Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b provide the most succinct hardware frame structure chart that software realizes the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 2 a, illustrate the removing method of the application present invention in comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc inspection for being integrated in photovoltaic module
Survey the specific photovoltaic system of device.
Assume that the photovoltaic system in Fig. 2 a includes J photovoltaic string, each photovoltaic string includes K photovoltaic module, corresponding light
Volt module 10 has J × K, therewith the detection electricity device 8 of complete configuration, DC Line Fault arc protection device (trip gear
5th, it is also J × K that chopper 6, short switch is 9) corresponding, as each two sampling electric quantity signal is examined by a DC Line Fault electric arc
Surveying device 2 carries out differential conversion process, fault electric arc analysis, therefore the detection means is total (J-1) × K.Under normal circumstances, light
Volt system 1 exports dc power, and Jing choppers 6, detection electricity device 8 are input into into inverter 3, and unidirectional current is turned by inverter 3
It is changed into alternating current and is delivered to AC network 7.According to the design philosophy of the present invention, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 reads in adjacent
Between string at same position photovoltaic module same type sampling electric quantity signal, this sampling electric quantity signal is by detecting that electricity device 8 is complete
Into detection.Balancing gain computing and correction, differential conversion are completed by the software program in DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 then
A series of functions such as process, fault electric arc detection.
Due to each DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 judge be corresponding position in adjacent string photovoltaic module output
Differential signal whether contain fault electric arc feature, so this fault electric arc be probably any one in two photovoltaic modules therefore
Caused by barrier, thus the photovoltaic module of the output control terminal control correspondence sampling electricity of each DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2
Two trip gears 5.After completing fault electric arc positioning, send control signal and make chopper 6 at failure photovoltaic module and short circuit open
Close 9 one action and guarantee that another normal photovoltaic module still normally runs.Photovoltaic is likely to result in after excision failure photovoltaic module
System itself exports the lack of balance of electricity, thus is necessary to carry out the differential signal set point N of next sampling instant0And failure
The judgement of electric arc, is balanced gain calibration when arc event is not broken down, and the output electricity gap of two photovoltaic strings is little
In the case of still maintain the operation of photovoltaic system, lift photovoltaic system run time；And it is poor in the output electricity of two photovoltaic strings
In the case of larger possible initiating system job insecurity, then all photovoltaic modules are cut off immediately, stop the fortune of photovoltaic system
OK.
Due to the simultaneous probability of photovoltaic system fault electric arc it is extremely low, so the fault electric arc one under current sample time
As be single fault.If the differential signal Jing processing after testing after diagnostic system break down electric arc, illustrate this pair in same
The a certain photovoltaic module of adjacent photovoltaic module at position breaks down electric arc；If Jing process differential signal after testing after diagnosis system
System does not break down electric arc, then illustrate that this pair is in normal condition in the adjacent photovoltaic module at same position.For example,
The differential signal of first photovoltaic module output of a string first photovoltaic modules and the second string shows fault electric arc feature, the second string
The differential signal of first photovoltaic module output of first photovoltaic module and the 3rd string does not show fault electric arc feature, then should cut off
First first photovoltaic module of string, the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device control output end output between corresponding first string and the second string
" 10 ", (high level is effective, direct current for DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device control output end output " 00 " between the second string and the 3rd string
Fault arc protection device sends the signal of action trip gear 5)；First first photovoltaic module of string and the second first light of string
The differential signal of volt module output electricity shows fault electric arc feature, second first photovoltaic module of string and the 3rd first light of string
The differential signal of volt module output shows fault electric arc feature, then should cut off first photovoltaic module of the second string, corresponding first string
With DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device control output end output " 01 " between the second string, the DC Line Fault between the second string and the 3rd string
Electric arc detecting device control output end exports " 10 ".
In the same manner, what the specific photovoltaic systems soft ware comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in photovoltaic string was realized is hard
Part frame diagram is consistent with the version of Fig. 2 a, and DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 is J-1, and detection electricity device 8 is J,
DC Line Fault arc protection device (trip gear 5, chopper 6, short switch 9) is J × K.Difference is essentially consisted in：First,
Though DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 still only has two input signal ports, should read in
The same type sampling electric quantity signal at place；Second, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 still only has an output signal port, first
The photovoltaic string that thought primarily determines that fault electric arc is located is positioned according to aforesaid fault electric arc, then or is taken and is scanned one by one, or
Take fault dictionary method, then realize the positioning of syndrome serial internal fault photovoltaic module, i.e. the failure photovoltaic of " Column Row " in Fig. 2 a
Module positions thought.
With reference to Fig. 2 b, illustrate the removing method of the application present invention in comprising the DC Line Fault arc-detection for being integrated in inverter
The specific photovoltaic system of device.
In structure, with the conventional specific photovoltaic system one comprising the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in inverter
Cause, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 only 1, but handled signal is not the detection electricity letter in photovoltaic system bus
Number, but equivalent process is input into J-1 DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 in being integrated in the specific photovoltaic system of photovoltaic string
Differential signal, that is, J input signal port is set, for reading in the same type sampling electricity at all photovoltaic string same positions
Amount signal, this detection process are realized by J detection electricity device 8.J sampling electric quantity signal reads in DC Line Fault electric arc and examines
Survey in device 2, while the input sample electric quantity signal of parallel processing each two adjacent string, Jing balancing gains, differential conversion process
J-1 differential signal of pending fault electric arc analysis is obtained afterwards.For excision correspondence failure photovoltaic module, the DC Line Fault electric arc being equipped with
Protection device (trip gear 5, chopper 6, short switch 9) is still J × K.
The correspondence of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 controls each photovoltaic string successively one by one with J output signal port.
The photovoltaic string that thought primarily determines that fault electric arc is located is positioned according to aforesaid fault electric arc, then or is taken and is scanned one by one, or
Fault dictionary method is taken, the positioning of syndrome serial internal fault photovoltaic module is capable of achieving.For example, determine j-th photovoltaic string k-th light
When volt module failure need to cut off, 2 j-th output control port output control signal " 0...01 " of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device
(common K-1 0).Therefore, the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device for being integrated in inverter side is to be integrated with aforementioned J-1 to be integrated in
The function sum of the DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device of photovoltaic string, internal algorithm program and processing procedure do not change, institute
Change is only DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device input/output port number.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, illustrate the removing method of the application present invention in comprising DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device light
The hardware of volt system realizes process.As the signal processing apparatus in the present invention are not only made with difference to electric quantity signal of sampling
With, the also effect of electric quantity signal type conversion, so the sampled signal type of sample circuit is filled with DC Line Fault arc-detection
The signal Analysis type put is unrelated, thus has widened the optional signal collection that photovoltaic system fault electric arc detects feature analysiss, solves
The problems such as fault electric arc Algorithm Analysis require signal type with detection corresponding signal type difficult contradiction.To embody at signal
The convertible sampled signal of reason device and this advantage of signal Analysis, with reference to the broad field of application of the present invention, herein for each
The DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device photovoltaic system for planting specific integrated form is given at the signal for realizing signal with different type conversion
Reason device circuit model.
With reference to Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, illustrate the removing method of the application present invention in comprising the DC Line Fault electricity for being integrated in inverter
The specific photovoltaic system and the signal processing of inside of arc detection means.
As shown in Figure 3 a, using the frame structure similar to Fig. 2 b, the difference that simply DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 is input into
Sub-signal is realized that by hardware unit that is, electricity is filled the sampling electric quantity signal at two photovoltaic string same positions of arbitrary neighborhood after testing
After putting 8 acquisitions, J-1 differential conversion to be detected is obtained Jing after balance correction output device 11, the process of signal processing apparatus 12
Signal.These differential signals are synchronously input into DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2, and J-1 input port is carried out to these signals
Parallel processing：When the differential signal of input is in set point, system is in normal operating conditions, and detection electricity device 8 is carried out
The electric quantity signal sampling of subsequent time；Differential input signal not in set point when, it is believed that input signal effectively, is connected to flat
The order wire of weighing apparatus correction output device keeps high level instruction, then carries out fault electric arc detection using the non-zero differential signal,
When arc event is not broken down, counting variable N is reset, exclude the accidentalia for causing erroneous judgement, balance correction output device
The 11 high level instructions for receiving order wire transmission, are balanced to right wing according to established principle on the basis of the left electricity being input into
Gain calibration.
If photovoltaic system runs into the average lighting effect of aforementioned different equivalent so that in photovoltaic system certain to or it is several to adjacent light
Volt string U-I output characteristic curves have differences, and just need to correct balancing gain.For example, current sample time has obtained directly defeated
Go out the sampling electric quantity signal M=U (U is the output voltage electricity of the photovoltaic string) of photovoltaic string, (C is normal to non-zero differential signal D=CU
Number), new balancing gain G'=G/ (1-C) is obtained by the balancing gain G in current sample time balance correction output device 11.Complete
After the write of new balancing gain, 11 Jing order wires 4 of balance correction output device send to DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 and complete
Signal, makes DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 reset output port, recovers to process the corresponding state mark of homodyne sub-signal of output
Will.
During the arc event that breaks down, balance correction output device 11 ignores the high level instruction of order wire transmission, keeps
Balancing gain current set value is constant, and the differential signal of the input of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 is constant, thus remains former
Some fault electric arc characteristic signals proceed fault electric arc detection process.Corresponding counts variable N adds 1, only when the counting becomes
Amount reaches given threshold N1, fault electric arc is generated in just judging photovoltaic system, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 presses aforementioned original
Failure photovoltaic string, the positioning of failure photovoltaic module are carried out successively then, by corresponding output port output control signal, control is threaded off
5 cut-off breaker 6 of device, extinguish fault electric arc, and action short switch 9 excision failure photovoltaic module and keep photovoltaic system its
His component is still normal to be run, and generates fault electric arc and processes record, reports to supervisor in time, then carries out next sampling week
The electricity processing procedure of phase.
The failure photovoltaic module excision that this process is carried out inevitably results in adjacent photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal, needs
The correction of gain is balanced, trimming process is similar to the trimming process under the average lighting effect of different equivalent.Here can be with
This correction thought is understood with the correction fact as follows in particular cases：For example, during certain is to photovoltaic string, the light of normal photovoltaic string
Volt number of modules is K, and the syndrome serial after another excision failure photovoltaic module is that (K-1) is individual, it is clear that current sample time failure
Photovoltaic string also has not enough time to carry out MPPT regulations, is not considering the average lighting effect of two strings and photovoltaic module self electric quantity output difference
In the case of different, by the new balancing gain parameter G'=K/ (K- in the calculated balance correction output device of aforementioned principle 11
1).Then with the lifting of failure photovoltaic string voltage, adjustment of the corresponding magnitude of current through MPPT, the operating point of photovoltaic string are continuous
Change, the electricity gap of adjacent string form the Dynamic Regulating Process of balancing gain.
After the correction of each balancing gain is finished, whether which is judged beyond set point, if exceeding set point N2, then sentence
Determine the output electric quantity signal of the photovoltaic string in the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system to have big difference, now photovoltaic system has been
Into labile state, it is no longer appropriate for working on, protective measure should be taken and make photovoltaic system quit work, be tieed up
Shield.If without departing from set point N2, then judge the photovoltaic string output electricity in the corresponding adjacent string of current sample time photovoltaic system
Signal is more or less the same, even if now photovoltaic system cuts off a small amount of failure photovoltaic module or faces the little illumination variation environment of difference
Reliable normal operation is remained to, next cycle electricity sampling can be carried out and continued to photovoltaic system normal power generation state.It is aforementioned to carry
And, on circuit, some signal differences by caused by the noise signal of the equipment such as inverter generation are that order balancing gain deviates 1,
Which remains unchanged in required N2In the range of, remain to make system be considered normal condition and continue to run with.
As shown in Figure 3 b, the input of signal processing apparatus 12 detects electricity type for voltage signal, and two due to device are defeated
Inbound port is voltage signal U1、U2, therefore the input impedance of the device is high impedance, carries out difference processing i.e. signal demand to which and enters
Row subtraction process, and after Jing VCVS change (voltage amplification factor β=1) must convert after differential voltage output signal Uout, due to
Output is also voltage signal, therefore the output impedance of the device is Low ESR.Therefore, as long as signal processing apparatus 12 meet Fig. 3 b institutes
The circuit model for showing, the voltage signal U that just 8 sampling of detection electricity device can be obtained1、U2Differential conversion process is carried out, is treated
DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 carries out differential voltage input signal U of fault electric arc analysisout=U1-U2。
With reference to Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, illustrate the detection method of the application present invention in comprising the fault electric arc inspection for being integrated in photovoltaic string
Survey the specific photovoltaic system of device and the signal processing of inside.
As shown in fig. 4 a, compared with Fig. 3 a, simply J-1 rather than a DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2, corresponding failure
Photovoltaic module positioning is realized by preceding method, with the light when failure photovoltaic module of 2～J-1 middle photovoltaic string need to cut off
Two related DC Line Fault electric arc detecting devices 2 of volt string can send command adapted thereto, and two ends photovoltaic string then only has a direct current
Fault arc detection device 2 sends command adapted thereto.For example, it has been determined that the J-1 photovoltaic string k-th photovoltaic module failure needs excision
When, the J-2 DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, the 2 output control port in left side is individual to the J-2 photovoltaic string, J-1 successively
Photovoltaic string output control signal " 0...0 " (common K 0), " 0...01 " (common K-1 0), the J-1 DC Line Fault electricity on right side
2 output control port of arc detection means is (common to the J-1 photovoltaic string, j-th photovoltaic string output control signal " 0...01 " successively
K-1 0), " 0...0 " (common K individual 0).
Here to be remarked additionally is one of the inventive method remarkable result：Arbitrary neighborhood is eliminated by signal differential conversion
Other common-mode signals that string is possessed, realize filtering for common mode signal noise, enhance reliability and the spirit of fault electric arc detection
Quick property.In general, the inverter switching device noise signal in photovoltaic system can be sent from inverter, along each photovoltaic string to away from
The side of inverter is propagated, and its characteristic signal frequency range is presented the feature of common mode on each photovoltaic string, increased fault electric arc detection
Difficulty.Thus the mutual connection structure of this two photovoltaic strings of arbitrary neighborhood of Fig. 4 a can effectively eliminate inverter noise signal pair
The interference of fault electric arc detection.
As shown in Figure 4 b, the input of signal processing apparatus 12 detects electricity type for voltage signal, and two due to device are defeated
Inbound port is voltage signal U1、U2, therefore the input impedance of the device is high impedance, carries out difference processing i.e. signal demand to which and enters
Row subtraction process, and after difference current output signal I Jing after VCCS conversions (amplify admittance g=1) must be convertedout, due to output
Current signal, therefore the output impedance of the device is high impedance.Therefore, as long as signal processing apparatus 12 meet the circuit shown in Fig. 4 b
Model, the voltage signal U that just 8 sampling of detection electricity device can be obtained1、U2Differential conversion process is carried out, obtains treating DC Line Fault
Electric arc detecting device 2 carries out difference current input signal I of fault electric arc analysisout=g (U1-U2)。
With reference to Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, illustrate the detection method of the application present invention in comprising the DC Line Fault for being integrated in photovoltaic module
The specific photovoltaic system and the signal processing of inside of electric arc detecting device.
As shown in Figure 5 a, using the frame structure similar to Fig. 2 a, the difference that simply DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 is input into
Sub-signal is realized by hardware unit, and sets up order wire 4.
As shown in Figure 5 b, the input of signal processing apparatus 12 detects electricity type for current signal, and two due to device are defeated
Inbound port is current signal I1、I2, therefore the input impedance of the device is Low ESR, carries out difference processing i.e. signal demand to which and enters
Row subtraction process, and after Jing CCCS change (current amplification factor β=1) must convert after difference current output signal Iout, due to
Output is also current signal, therefore the output impedance of the device is high impedance.Therefore, as long as signal processing apparatus 12 meet Fig. 5 b institutes
The circuit model for showing, the current signal I that just 8 sampling of detection electricity device can be obtained1、I2Differential conversion process is carried out, is treated
DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device 2 carries out difference current input signal I of fault electric arc analysisout=I1-I2。
In a word, the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under above-mentioned common-mode signal disturbed condition, at differential conversion
Detection signal between two photovoltaic string of reason photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood, what elimination detection signal was included is drawn by factors such as cross talks
The common mode signal components sent out, then carry out fault electric arc by DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device using the differential conversion signal of gained
Detection.Meanwhile, the present invention corrects non-zero differential between adjacent photovoltaic string by balancing gain when arc event is not broken down
Signal output, excludes the situation affected by other variance factors by detection means input signal, and event is cut off when electric arc is broken down
Continuous service after barrier photovoltaic module is until balancing gain exceeds set point, prolongation system maximum power output time.The present invention
Efficiently solve fault arc detection device on regular link by the common-mode signal caused by factors such as cross talks into
Point affect and the problem of malfunction, it is to avoid local fault electric arc causes total system out of service, drastically increases signal transmission
System failure electric arc positioning prevention ability under disturbed condition.
Claims (8)
1. the photovoltaic system fault arc detection method under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly：
The first step, the fault electric arc detection common-mode signal interference of elimination photovoltaic system
In photovoltaic system running, to two photovoltaic string synchronized sampling of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood, the output electricity obtained to sampling
Amount signal is balanced gain successively and differential conversion is processed；When photovoltaic system output electricity is sampled, should ensure that sampling certainly
The output electricity type of adjacent two photovoltaic string is consistent；
Second step, fault electric arc inspection is carried out using the differential conversion differential signal that obtains of process by DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device
Survey；
3rd step, according to fault electric arc testing result, when arc event is not broken down, according to non-zero Difference signal pair balance
Gain is corrected, and makes photovoltaic system continuous service, in the electricity that breaks down when the balancing gain after correction is without departing from set point
During arc, then excision correspondence photovoltaic string internal fault photovoltaic module continues to run with photovoltaic system until balancing gain is beyond setting
Scope, the principle for correcting balancing gain are not break down
The signal of device is homodyne sub-signal.
2. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 1 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：Specifically include following steps：
1) starting stage is run in photovoltaic system, balancing gain is determined according to the output situation of photovoltaic system adjacent photovoltaic string electricity
Original state；
2) in photovoltaic system operation, by sample frequency f1The output electric quantity signal of two photovoltaic string of photovoltaic system arbitrary neighborhood is carried out
Sampling, obtains two-way detection signal, will wherein detection signal carries out difference with another road detection signal Jing after balancing gain all the way
Conversion process, DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is according to the detection letter Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed for being read in
Number whether exceed set point N0, judge whether read in electric quantity signal constitutes non-zero differential signal, if exceeding set point
N0, then judge corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic strings output electric quantity signal Jing balancing gains and difference in current sample time photovoltaic system
Non-zero differential signal is constituted after conversion process, step 3 is gone to)；If without departing from set point N0, then judge current sample time light
Corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of volt system exports electric quantity signal and constitutes homodyne sub-signal Jing after balancing gain and differential conversion are processed,
Keep the setting value of current balancing gain constant, then carry out the detection that Jing balancing gains next time and differential conversion are processed
Signal reads in；
3) DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device carries out failure by characteristic quantity analysis of threshold according to the non-zero differential signal for being read in
Arc-detection, and judge whether current sample time breaks down arc event, if breaking down arc event, counting variable
N is counted, and then goes to step 4)；If not breaking down arc event, counting variable N is reset, according to current sample time light
The output electric quantity signal of corresponding adjacent two photovoltaic string of volt system is corrected to balancing gain, then goes to step 5)；
4) whether failure judgement arc event recurs：If fault electric arc event recurs N1It is secondary, then when judging present sample
Carve and break down electric arc in photovoltaic system, cut off failure photovoltaic module, keep remaining photovoltaic system component to remain unchanged normal work, clearly
Zero count variable N, is then back to step 2)；If fault electric arc event does not recur N1It is secondary, then keep current balancing gain
Setting value it is constant, be then back to step 2)；
5) judge balancing gain whether beyond set point N2If exceeding set point N2, then judge current sample time photovoltaic system
Corresponding adjacent photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal of uniting has big difference, and takes protective measure and makes photovoltaic system quit work, if not surpassing
Go out set point N2, then judge that the corresponding adjacent photovoltaic string output electric quantity signal of current sample time photovoltaic system is more or less the same, light
Volt system remains to reliable normal operation, and return to step is 2).
3. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 2 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：Sample frequency f1Span be 10kHz～50kHz, set point N0For-B～B, the span of B is
10-3～10-15, N1Span be 3～5.
4. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 1 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：When realizing that eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection common-mode signal disturbs using software, DC Line Fault arc-detection dress
Put and need to set up photovoltaic module output electric quantity signal input port, balancing gain correction and differential conversion are processed and utilize DC Line Fault
Software in electric arc detecting device is realized；When realizing that eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc detection common-mode signal disturbs using hardware,
Need to detect in photovoltaic system and between electricity device and DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device, be provided for the flat of balancing gain correction
Weighing apparatus correction output device and the signal processing apparatus for differential conversion process, balancing gain correction are filled by balance correction output
Put and realize with the communication between DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device.
5. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 4 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：For the output electricity that the adjacent photovoltaic string to same DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device is input into by the input port
Amount signal should have consistent electricity type.
6. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 1 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：The method for eliminating the detection common-mode signal interference of photovoltaic system fault electric arc is drawn to eliminating photovoltaic system fault electric arc
The circuit common mode noise signal that the cross talk common mode component and other extraneous factors for rising is produced is suitable for.
7. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 1 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：If only differential signal is presented fault electric arc feature all the way, then fault electric arc occurs forming the road differential signal
In first photovoltaic string or last photovoltaic string；If adjacent two paths of differential signals is presented fault electric arc feature, then fault electric arc occurs
Formed in the common photovoltaic string of the two paths of differential signals.
8. photovoltaic system fault arc detection method according to claim 2 under a kind of common-mode signal disturbed condition, which is special
Levy and be：Step 2) in homodyne sub-signal the output of DC Line Fault electric arc detecting device port and is kept low level, indicate
Photovoltaic system is in this state that takes place frequently of normal operating conditions.
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| CN106961248B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Photovoltaic system fault arc detection method |
| CN111512511B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2021-08-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and device for processing direct current arc |
| CN108181534B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2023-09-29 | 宁波大家小家网络科技有限公司 | Power generation analysis method and system for photovoltaic power generation full-amount internet surfing |
| CN113702739A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Electric arc detection method and device based on wavelet decomposition and neural network |
| CN116660701B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-31 | 武汉新能源接入装备与技术研究院有限公司 | Arc detection method and system |
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| CN102914709B (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 常州加伏沃新能源科技有限公司 | Method for distinguishing inverter noise signal from direct-current arc signal based on signal echo device |
| US9634479B2 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2017-04-25 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Noise propagation immunity of a multi-string arc fault detection device |
| CN103245897B (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2017-03-29 | 复旦大学 | A kind of photovoltaic system DC Line Fault arc method for measuring of use multicriterion |
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