CN104810742B - Condensation preventing device for solid insulated switchgear and manufacturing method of the condensation preventing device - Google Patents
Condensation preventing device for solid insulated switchgear and manufacturing method of the condensation preventing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104810742B CN104810742B CN201510245849.XA CN201510245849A CN104810742B CN 104810742 B CN104810742 B CN 104810742B CN 201510245849 A CN201510245849 A CN 201510245849A CN 104810742 B CN104810742 B CN 104810742B
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- insulated switchgear
- condensation
- vacuum
- door
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
- H02B1/26—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor
- H02B1/28—Casings; Parts thereof or accessories therefor dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
- H02B13/01—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with resin casing
Abstract
The invention discloses a condensation preventing device for solid insulated switchgear. The switchgear comprises a cable chamber and a horizontal busbar chamber, wherein each of the cable chamber and the horizontal busbar chamber is provided with a vertical sealing plate and a door; the surface of each of the sealing plates is provided with a plastic spraying layer, and the surface of each of the doors is provided with a plastic spraying layer; the plastic spraying layer on the inner side of the inner side surface of each of the sealing plates and the doors is coated with a resin type MYQS-1 hydrophilic material coating. The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the condensation preventing device. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the condensation resistance level of the self surface of the solid insulated switchgear is improved; on the one hand, condensate is initiatively generated on the inner side of a shell consisting of the functional chambers and forms water drops which then flow into a guide channel and is discharged out of the switchgear, and thus the air humidity in the switchgear is reduced, and a live part cannot reach the saturation humidity under which the condensate generates; on the other hand, a micron-nanoscale coarse structure and a hydrophobic material surface with low surface energy are established on the surface of the solid insulated switchgear, so that the concentrate is not easy to generate on the surface of the solid insulated switchgear; therefore, the purpose of ensuring the safety operation of electrical equipment is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-state insulated switchgear.More particularly it relates to a kind of solid insulation
Switchgear prevents condensation device.In addition, the invention further relates to this prevents the manufacture method of condensation device.
Background technology
In high-tension switch gear field, solid insulation is following developing direction.High-tension switch gear (7.2kV～
40.5kV) inner space is extremely compact.To ensure built-in electrical insulation level, it is ensured that device reliably working, to moistureproof, anti-condensation in equipment
Dew is put forward higher requirement.
Switchgear and control device condensation test method (DL/T593 annex H) specify：Sprayer unit is opened, weather is made
Indoor relative humidity reaches as early as possible 95%～100%.When the surface of test product external insulation forms stable condensation (i.e. in external insulation
Surface forms the discrete equally distributed globule) when, beginning carries out as requested Insulation Test, relative during Insulation Test
Humidity is can be controlled between 85%～95%.When test product carries out Insulation Test, testing crew should strictly monitor external insulation surface
Condensation state, in flakes and Insulation Test should be stopped when having dripping phenomenon in the event of globule connection, by after test product mist elimination again
Condensation carries out again Insulation Test.
It can be seen that, the maximum tolerance degree of switchgear and control device condensation is, it is allowed to which external insulation surface forms and is mutually not connected to
The equally distributed globule, but never allow the globule to connect in blocks.
Prior art is to prevent condensation, China from opening using automatic heating and dehumidification controller in switch high-pressure switchgear
The existing more than ten years history of condensation is prevented using automatic heating and dehumidification controller in the equipment of pass.Someone's industry control system and automatic two kinds of sides
Formula.
This heating and dehumidification controller serves actively work in moisture resistant, anti-condensation, guarantee high pressure equipment reliability service
With, but some problems are also occurred in that in the area application having, for example：
Occur in that needs are artificial in the application to interfere；In southern plum rain season, sometimes the air inside switchgear is wet
Degree is higher, or even local has dew condensation phenomenon in switchgear, due to the condensation sensing station inside cabinet not
There is the degree for reaching condensation；Or, condensation sensor for a long time by dust in air and gas pickling, receive by the sensitivity for making sensor
To impact, the inaccurate, moisture resistant of reaction is uneven, condensation controller can not in time start heater, causes what condensation was controlled
Effect failure, threatens to the seat belt of switchgear.Additionally, after heating input power consumption can be caused to waste.
1st, the operation principle of condensation sensor is commonly used：
Currently on the market all of condensation sensor is nearly all same type, i.e., print one on a ceramic substrate
Semiconducting polymer's resistance material is planted, two end electrodes are drawn, when sensor surface is dried, intermolecular contacts resistance is little, electrode
Two ends resistance is 1k Ω or so.And work as macromolecular material and absorb after moisture, its interior molecules space expands rapidly, intermolecular contacts
Resistance becomes big, and the resistivity for making electrode two ends is greatly increased.Electronic controller is perceived by the size of test resistance or predicted
Whether condensation there is, and this condensation sensor there are two intrinsic characteristic defectives：
First, condensation sensor has a discrete regions when relative humidity is not high, this interval to relative humidity variations not
Resistance that is sensitive and changing is also inaccurate, and its output characteristics is not only relevant with the size of relative humidity, and dew point temperature also has
Direct relation.For example：Sometimes we feel that humidity is very big in air, but heater does not start, and this is due to sensor
Surface is not reaching to the reason of dew point temperature (namely not forming the globule in sensor surface).
Second, because condensation sensor must be continuously drawn into or discharge hydrone, sensor is by dust in air or water
Can change sensitivity after chemical attacks in part, cause anti-condensation control point deviation occur, at this moment appear in humidity
It has been very high, condensation does not also start after heater, or heating starting in the case of easily occurring will not be automatically exited from for a long time
Phenomenon, this reduces anti-condensation sensitivity and reliability.
2nd, two kinds of conventional dewing-proof methods
Mode one：One aluminium alloy heater (generally 150W), aluminum are respectively installed in switch equipment cable vault, breaker chamber
When alloy heater works, its surface temperature is 120 DEG C～130 DEG C.Dehumidified by air radiating, by user according to working environment
State manually controls the input of heater, excision；
Mode two：Anti-condensation automatic dehumidifying controller is arranged on switchgear control room, and condensation sensor is arranged on switch
In equipment cabinet, aluminium alloy heater is separately mounted to switch equipment cable vault, breaker chamber, and the action using condensation sensor is special
Property come automatic heater input, excision.
The problem that above two mode is present：
Mode one is that input and the excision of heater are completed by manpower, therefore the operability for using is very poor, often goes out
Existing two extreme cases.Turn off not in time after first heating input, unnecessary power consumption can be caused to waste.It two is not with gas
Wait when change starts very moist in heater, cabinet in time and cannot get heating and dehumidification, once climbing electricity, flashover can cause huge damage
Lose.
Mode two is, using condensation sensor automatic heater, to there is also two defects.First, this condensation is passed
Sensor is passive-type motion device, i.e., must aerial vapour pressure saturation when, that is, body surface reach reveal
Point temperature, condensation can just drive heating work when occurring.From detection condensation to elimination condensation, this process can be seen that：First have to
Condensation is detected with condensation sensor, that is to say, that must, when condensation occurs, could start heater.And anti-condensation work
For for the anti-accident important measures of electric cabinet, the edge of close condensation restarts heating to eliminate condensation, just lack one it is pre-
Anti- process, therefore, from from the perspective of safety, reliability, the method is far from being enough as an anti-accident measures；Its
Two, if condensation sensor mounting location is improper, or the surface of condensation sensor is subject to characteristic after the erosion of dust or gas
Change, although the existing dew condensation phenomenon of cabinet wall, but condensation controller still can not in time start heater input, also bring along serious
Consequence.
Therefore, in order to improve reliability, operation power unit often ensures the peace of electric cabinet using some supplementary meanss
Flood is crossed entirely, and the method for long electrified regulation is forced if Shanghai Power Company was employed into intermittent drizzles in the rainy season season.This method, although plus
Strong anti-condensation measure, but also bring power consumption and waste.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of solid-state insulated switchgear and prevents condensation device, its objective is that raising equipment its own face resists
Condensation level.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
The solid-state insulated switchgear of the present invention prevents condensation device, technical scheme one：
Described solid-state insulated switchgear includes cable vault, and described cable vault is provided with vertical shrouding and door, in institute
On the shrouding stated and the surface of door, plastic-blasting layer is provided with, on the inner side plastic-blasting layer of the medial surface of described shrouding and door, scribbles tree
The water wetted material coating of epoxy-type MYQS-1.
The solid-state insulated switchgear of the present invention prevents condensation device, technical scheme two：
Described solid-state insulated switchgear include horizontal bus room, described horizontal bus room be provided with vertical shrouding and
Door, on the surface of described shrouding and door, is provided with plastic-blasting layer, in the inner side plastic-blasting layer of the medial surface of described shrouding and door
On, scribble the water wetted material coating of resin type MYQS-1.
In order to realize and above technical scheme identical goal of the invention, present invention also offers above-described solid insulation
Switchgear prevents the manufacture method of condensation device, and its technical scheme is：
The spray coating process of described MYQS-1 water wetted material coatings is：Start, defat, pickling, phosphatization adopts electrostatic
Spraying carries out surface plastic spraying process, and using electrostatic spraying surface hydrophilic material spraying is carried out, and terminates.
The solid-state insulated switchgear of the present invention prevents condensation device, technical scheme three：
Described solid-state insulated switchgear includes solid insulating elements, in the solid insulation of described solid insulating elements
The hydrophobic material face coat that micron-nanoscale rough structure is constituted is set on the surface of layer.
Current-carrying part and each solid insulation laminated gradient surface in described solid insulating elements, arranges one by not
Protective cover made by affine hydrophobic material, made by the plastics with certain elasticity.
Ground plane interference fit on described protective cover and solid insulating elements outer surface, the axis side of its interference fit
To length be 5 ± 0.5mm；Described protective cover is gap cooperation with remaining part of solid insulating elements.
Described solid insulating elements are the one kind in following device, or any two kinds and two or more combinations：Keep away
Thunder device, disconnecting switch, main bus-bar, vacuum circuit breaker, branch bus, cable connector, voltage transformer.
In order to realize and the identical goal of the invention of technical scheme three, present invention also offers above-described solid insulation is opened
Pass equipment prevents the manufacture method of condensation device, and its technical scheme is：
The generating mode of described hydrophobic material face coat, the equipment which is adopted includes vacuum sublimation case, institute
The solvent evaporation liquid holding box of the vacuum sublimation case stated including macromolecular solution, heater, the support rotating shaft of clamping workpiece, take out true
Empty device, air inlet valve and environmentally friendly retracting device；The solvent evaporation liquid holding box of described macromolecular solution has openable
Sealing box cover；
Described generating mode adopts sublimed method, its one layer of nanometer of external insulation Surface Creation-micro- in solid insulating elements
The process of the hydrophobic material face coat of meter level is：
During polypropylene or polystyrene pellets are directly dissolved in into dimethylbenzene or tetrahydrofuran → dissolving after add ethanol in proper amount
And mix → be subsequently adding the solvent evaporation liquid holding box of mixed solution → addition macromolecular solution → by consolidating that solid insulation is completed
Body insulating device is put into vacuum sublimation case, fixed clamp on rotating shaft is supported → close vacuum sublimation chamber door, it is ensured that sealing state
→ close rotation solid insulating elements of air inlet valve and environmentally friendly retracting device valve → unlatchings vacuum extractor → slowly → reach
To after vacuum, the solvent for closing vacuum extractor and valve → unlatchings macromolecular solution evaporates the sealing box cover of liquid holding box → open
Open heater → distillation and deposit super hydrophobic surface to the external insulation surface of solid insulating elements, remain to stipulated time → distillation
Terminate.
What distillation was processed exits：The solvent evaporation of distillation process finishing → closing heater → closing macromolecular solution is contained
It is dense that environmentally friendly retracting device → unlatching air inlet valve → recovery is closed → opened to the sealing box cover of liquid box → holding vacuum-pumping valve
Degree reaches the rotation → closing environmental protection retracting device and valve → unlatching vacuum sublimation chamber door of standard → stopping solid insulating elements,
Take out solid insulating elements → closing air inlet valve → course of processing to terminate.
Described vacuum sublimation case, the surface of the solvent evaporation liquid holding box of macromolecular solution scribble not affine hydrophobic material
Coating.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned technical proposal, improves equipment its own face anti-dewing level, prevents from coagulating in terms of two
Dew, one is so that the case inside that function compartment is constituted actively produces condensation, and causes condensation to form the globule, flows into guiding gutter,
Device for transferring, with the air humidity in reduction equipment so that live part does not reach the saturated humidity for producing condensation；Two is solid
Body insulating device surface construction micron-nanometer level coarse structure, builds the hydrophobic material surface of low-surface-energy so as to which surface is difficult
Produce into condensation；Reaching guarantees the purpose of electrical equipment safe operation；Cannot only be used on solid insulation equipment, it is also possible to expand
Open up and used on other high voltage electric equipments.
Description of the drawings
Below brief description is denoted as to this specification accompanying drawing content and figure acceptance of the bid：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 solid-state insulated switchgears of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that (plastic-blasting surface on the inside of vertical shrouding and door is coated with for the part sectioned view of vertical shrouding and door in the present invention
MYQS-1 water wetted materials)；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the partial enlargement at the A in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is coated with the composite construction schematic diagram of MYQS-1 resin type water wetted materials for plastic-blasting surface；
Fig. 5 is coated with the dominating process route figure of MYQS-1 resin type water wetted materials for plastic-blasting surface；
Fig. 6 is the solid insulation schematic diagram by taking branch bus as an example；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram on the hydrophobic material surface of the solid insulation low-surface-energy by taking branch bus as an example；
Fig. 8 is the water droplet aspect graph on ideal surfaced；
Fig. 9 is Wenzel model schematics；
Figure 10 is Casssie model schematics；
Figure 11 is current-carrying part, the schematic diagram of the protection of each solid insulation laminated gradient；
Figure 12 is that sublimed method is illustrated in the composite bed device of one layer of nano-micrometre level of solid insulation external insulation Surface Creation
Figure.
It is labeled as in figure：
1st, control room, 2, cable vault, 3, horizontal bus room, 4, spark gap, 5, disconnecting switch, 6, main bus-bar, 7, vacuum breaks
Road device, 8, branch bus, 9, cable connector, 10, voltage transformer, 11, water wetted material coating, 12, hydrophobic material face coat,
13rd, protective cover, 14, vacuum sublimation case, 15, the solvent evaporation liquid holding box of macromolecular solution, 16, heater, 17, ground plane,
18th, solid insulating layer (wherein, 18-1 to 18-4 is respectively solid insulating layer 1 to solid insulating layer 4), 19, guiding gutter, 20, steel
Plate, 21, shrouding, 22, outside plastic-blasting layer, 23, inner side plastic-blasting layer, 24, electrical body, 25, support rotating shaft.
Specific embodiment
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, further details of is made to the specific embodiment of the present invention
Illustrate there is more complete, accurate and deep reason to inventive concept of the invention, technical scheme to help those skilled in the art
Solution.
1st, with regard to solid-state insulated switchgear：
In the switchgear assembly of 7.2kV, 12kV, 24kV, 40.5kV and the above, with the insulation material of epoxy resin etc
Expect to carry out moulding the solid-state insulated switchgear for obtaining to the electric components of vacuum circuit breaker and connection conductor etc, see Fig. 1.
Equipment adopts solid insulation technology, coordinates special solid insulation high-pressure vacuum breaker-disconnecting switch combination electricity
Device module, solid insulation electric current-voltage sensor module, overvoltage protection device module, high-voltage insulated bus system module, electricity
The components and parts such as cable module, with reference to secondary components such as various measuring instrumentss, microcomputer control protection element, indicator elments, are constituted complete
Function device, to circuit carry out control, protection, detection and communicate.
Solid-state insulated switchgear two large divisions constitutes：
Part I：Housing parts, the housing being made up of function compartments such as control room 1, cable vault 2, horizontal bus rooms 3,
Rise and carry compartmentation；
Part II：Live part, by spark gap 4, disconnecting switch 5, main bus-bar 6, vacuum circuit breaker 7, branch bus 8, electricity
Cable joint 9, voltage transformer 10 etc. are combined into the combination for realizing electric property using the solid insulating elements of solid insulation technology
Body, with some basic function schemes, is used with meeting the distribution of electric power, control, protection, wherein comprising inlet wire, outlet,
PT, contact, isolation, metering etc..
2nd, involved in the present invention is that solid insulation equipment prevents condensation problem, its central scope one：
Structure of the invention as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, is that a kind of solid-state insulated switchgear prevents condensation device, described
Solid-state insulated switchgear includes control room 1, cable vault 2, horizontal bus room 3, and described cable vault 2, horizontal bus room 3 are provided with
Vertical shrouding 21 and door, described shrouding 21 and the matrix material of door is steel plate 20.On the surface of described shrouding 21 and door
On, it is provided with plastic-blasting layer, including outside plastic-blasting layer 22, inner side plastic-blasting layer 23.
In order to solve the problems, such as prior art and overcome its defect, raising equipment its own face anti-dewing level is realized
Goal of the invention, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that：
As shown in Figures 2 to 5, solid-state insulated switchgear of the invention prevents condensation device, in the described He of shrouding 21
On the inner side plastic-blasting layer 23 of the medial surface of door, the water wetted material coating 11 of resin type MYQS-1 is scribbled.
Plastic-blasting surface on the inside of the vertical shrouding 21 of housing and door of the function compartments such as cable vault 2, horizontal bus room 3 composition
Be coated with the hydrophilic groups such as MYQS-1 resin type water wetted materials, the functional group on its surface air in equipment formed saturation condensation it
Before, condensation is actively produced, and cause condensation to form the globule, guiding gutter 19 is flowed into, inside device for transferring, reduce the sky of device interior
Air humidity degree, destroys condensation condition.It is specifically shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
The composite construction of the MYQS-1 water wetted materials that the plastic-blasting surface on the inside of vertical shrouding and door is coated with resin type is shown in Fig. 4.
3rd, in order to realize and above technical scheme identical goal of the invention, present invention also offers above-described solid is exhausted
Edge switchgear prevents the technical scheme of the manufacture method of condensation device：
As shown in figure 5, the spray coating process of described MYQS-1 water wetted materials coating 11 is：Start, defat, pickling,
Phosphatization carries out surface plastic spraying process using electrostatic spraying, and using electrostatic spraying surface hydrophilic material spraying is carried out, and terminates.
4th, solid-state insulated switchgear of the invention prevents condensation device, and the technical scheme of its central scope two is：
As shown in Figure 7：Described solid-state insulated switchgear includes solid insulating elements, in described solid insulating elements
Solid insulating layer 18 surface on the hydrophobic material face coat 12 that micron-nanoscale rough structure is constituted is set.
As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Figure 11：Described solid insulating layer 18 includes solid insulating layer 1, solid insulating layer 2, consolidates
Body insulating barrier 3 and solid insulating layer 4.Solid insulating layer 18 is coated on the surface of electrical body 24.
5th, the following formation mechanism to super hydrophobic surface is analyzed：
When a small amount of water is dripped on a solid surface, the shape of water droplet depends on the volume and water and the surface of solids of water
Equilibrium contact angle, if the volume scale of water droplet is microlitre (μ L) level or less, the impact of gravity is negligible, water
The shape of drop close to ball cap shape, as shown in Figure 8.Water depends on the condition of the surface of solids with the equilibrium contact angle of the surface of solids,
If ideal surfaced (smooth, flat, hard, uniform), then solid, gas, liquid surface interfacial surface tension can reach balance,
System gross energy tends to minimum, and contact angle at this moment can be represented with famous Young equations：
θ in formula0--- contact angle when gas, solid, liquid three-phase equilibrium, also referred to as ideal surfaced contact angle；
γsv--- the surface tension between solid, gas interface；
γsl--- the surface tension between solid, liquid surface；
γlv--- the surface tension between liquid, gas interface.
As can be seen from the above equation, contact angle is bigger, and the surface energy of solid is less.
Because the actual surface of solids is all ideal surface, it is contemplated that the roughness of the surface of solids, Wenzel is to Young
Equation is corrected, it is proposed that Wenzel equations：
θ ' in formulao--- apparent contact angle；
γ --- actual solid, liquid surface contact area and apparent solid, the ratio of liquid surface contact area.
According to Wenzel viewpoints, it is apparent solid that the presence of rough surface causes actual solid, liquid contact surface product to be greater than
Body, liquid contact surface product, reason is the groove that liquid can be filled up on rough surface, as shown in figure 9, by two formula above formula
Understand, cos θ 'o=rcos θo, due to γ ＞ 1, so increase the hydrophobic performance of the surface of solids after roughness will improve.
Casssie and Baxter is after the structure that have studied the substantial amounts of super hydrophobic surface of nature, it is proposed that a kind of new mould
Type --- air air pocket model.When they think that drop is contacted with coarse hydrophobic surface, drop can't fill up rough surface
On groove, the bottom of drop will with the presence of air, it is apparent on liquid, solid contact be in fact a part of drop and solid
Protrusion of surface part directly contact, another part drop is contacted with air air pocket, as shown in Figure 10.
The equation that Casssie and Baxter is proposed is：
cosθ′o=f1cosθ1+f2cosθ2
In formula：
f1--- the area fraction with the surface of solids of drop contact；
θ1--- the intrinsic contact angle of the surface of solids；
f2--- the area fraction with the air surface of drop contact；
θ2--- the intrinsic contact angle of air surface.
Due to f1+f2=1, θ2=180 °, above formula it is rewritable into：
cosθ′o=f1cosθ1-1+f1=f1(cosθ1+1)-1
As can be seen from the above equation, for coarse hydrophobic surface, the area fraction of the surface of solids is less, i.e. air air pocket institute
Account for area bigger, apparent contact angle is bigger, hydrophobic performance is better.
It is possible thereby to learn, the intrinsic contact angle of the surface of solids is with the roughness on surface and the increasing of air air pocket area fraction
Plus and be incremented by, obtain super hydrophobic surface best way be exactly the microtexture for changing the surface of solids.
All it is for a long time judging, to connect with water droplet with the contact angle of the surface of solids for the hydrophobicity of the surface of solids
Feeler is bigger, hydrophobicity better, and using 172 ° of contact angles of lotus leaf surface as the struggle mesh of artificial super hydrophobic surface contact angle
Mark.But in recent years it is found that water droplet is also particularly significant in the dynamic process of the surface of solids.
Furmidge proposes the accounting equation of water droplet inclination alpha needed for the spontaneous movement in surface：
In formula：
F --- the linear critical power in water droplet unit perimeter, is the active force for making water droplet move in the surface of solids；
M --- water droplet quality；
G --- free-fall acceleration；
α --- water droplet rolls required inclination angle；
W --- water droplet width；
θR--- advancing angle, i.e., the contact angle for obtaining is measured after solid, the extension of liquid contact interface, namely water droplet glides
When water droplet before domatic must be added to angle, otherwise water droplet will not move；
θA--- receding angle, i.e., the contact angle for obtaining is measured after solid, liquid contact interface retraction, namely water droplet glides
When water droplet after the domatic angle to be reduced to, otherwise water droplet will not move.
The difference △ θ=(θ of advancing angle and receding angleR- θA) be closely related with the viscosity of water droplet, the bigger water droplets of △ θ are just
Movement is more difficult to, when △ θ tend to 0, substantially without viscosity, water droplet is easily rolled the surface of solids, the generally this surface of solids is presented
Go out splendid ultra-hydrophobicity.
The effect anti-condensation for equipment live external insulation surface of the roll angle of water droplet is particularly significant, due to exhausted outside equipment live
Edge most surfaces are vertical, incline and down-set, so if the roll angle on electrified insulation surface can be sufficiently small, i.e.,
The contact angle for making hydrophobic surface is not very big, and electrified insulation surface also will not condensation.
As it was previously stated, super hydrophobic surface is made up of a kind of rough surface with low surface free energy, the surface of solids is affected
Infiltrating factor mainly has two, and one is surface free energy, and two is surface roughness.Therefore in order to obtain more preferable hydrophobic effect
Really, changing surface roughness just becomes particularly important.In general, super hydrophobic surface can be increased by two methods, and one
Plant is that, in hydrophobic material surface construction coarse structure, another kind is the material for adhering to low surface free energy on a rough surface.
6th, the concrete solution of present inventive concept two：
As shown in figure 11：Current-carrying part and each solid insulation laminated gradient surface in described solid insulating elements,
One protective cover 13 by made by not affine hydrophobic material, made by the plastics with certain elasticity is set.
Due to spark gap 4, disconnecting switch 5, main bus-bar 6, vacuum circuit breaker 7, branch bus 8, cable connector 9, mutual induction of voltage
The grade components and parts of device 10, existing solid insulation part, the also current-carrying part with excellent conductive capability in need, and each solid
Dielectric layer gradient.These parts must assure that and utterly clean, and must not be infected with the hydrophobic surface material being sublimate into, it is necessary to carry out
Protection.By taking the protection of branch bus 8 as an example, in the current-carrying part and each solid insulation layering ladder of the solid insulation component of branch bus 8
Degree surface, adds a cover a plastic protection cover 13 for having certain elasticity by made by not affine hydrophobic material.
The interference fit of ground plane 17 on described protective cover 13 and solid insulating elements outer surface, the axle of its interference fit
The length in line direction is 5 ± 0.5mm；Described protective cover 13 is gap cooperation with remaining part of solid insulating elements.
Protective cover 13 will be 5 ± 0.5mm with solid insulation outer surface (ground plane) interference fit, interference fit length, tightly
Closely close inside protective cover, with the hydrophobic surface for preventing current-carrying part and each solid insulation laminated gradient surface contamination from being sublimate into
Material, shield inside other parts coordinate with the relevant portion gap of branch bus 8, in order to avoid interfere protective cover 13 and solid insulation appearance
The interference fit in face (ground plane).Other solid insulation components are protected using same method, are not repeated.
Described solid insulating elements are the one kind in following device, or any two kinds and two or more combinations：Keep away
Thunder device 4, disconnecting switch 5, main bus-bar 6, vacuum circuit breaker 7, branch bus 8, cable connector 9, voltage transformer 10.
In spark gap 4, disconnecting switch 5, main bus-bar 6, vacuum circuit breaker 7, branch bus 8, cable connector 9, voltage transformer
10 grade solid insulating elements surface construction microns-nanoscale rough structure, build the hydrophobic material surface of low-surface-energy so as to
Surface is difficult to produce into condensation.Also can tumble rapidly if any the single globule, it is impossible to form the globule and connect phenomenon in blocks, reaching guarantees electricity
The purpose of gas equipment safety operation.The present invention cannot only be used on solid insulation equipment, it is also possible to expand to other high pressure
Use on electrical equipment.
7th, the introduction of solid insulation technology：
Solid insulation technology carries out molding around electrical equipment live components with insulant, and to define multilamellar exhausted
Edge layer, in the way of reducing towards peripheral direction dielectric constant and the multilayer dielectric layer that exposes main circuit conductor end and formed, most
Inboard and charging member contacts, and outermost is ground plane, and as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 by taking branch bus 8 as an example, voltage-to-ground is by inner
Outwards gradually reduce.
Insulation Problems are caused in order to reduce switchgear electrical body insulator surface condensation, the safe operation of equipment is endangered,
The present invention also adopts the hydrophobic material that low-surface-energy is built in solid insulating elements surface construction micron-nanometer level coarse structure
Surface 12, the super hydrophobic surface contact angle for generating in theory is up to 164 °, and roll angle is less than 2 ° so as to which surface is difficult to produce into coagulates
Dew, also can tumble rapidly if any the single globule, it is impossible to form the globule and connect phenomenon in blocks.
8th, in order to realize and above-mentioned technical proposal identical goal of the invention, present invention also offers above-described solid is exhausted
Edge switchgear prevents the technical scheme of the manufacture method of condensation device (the two of design)：
As shown in figure 12：The generating mode of described hydrophobic material face coat 12, the equipment which is adopted includes
Vacuum sublimation case 14, described vacuum sublimation case 14 includes solvent evaporation liquid holding box 15, heater 16, the folder of macromolecular solution
Hold support rotating shaft 25, vacuum extractor, air inlet valve and the environmentally friendly retracting device of workpiece；The solvent of described macromolecular solution
Evaporation liquid holding box 15 has openable sealing box cover；
Described generating mode adopts sublimed method, its one layer of nanometer of external insulation Surface Creation-micro- in solid insulating elements
The process of the hydrophobic material face coat 12 of meter level is：
During polypropylene or polystyrene pellets are directly dissolved in into dimethylbenzene or tetrahydrofuran → dissolving after add ethanol in proper amount
And mix → be subsequently adding the solvent evaporation liquid holding box 15 → complete solid insulation of mixed solution → addition macromolecular solution
Solid insulating elements are put into vacuum sublimation case 14, fixed clamp on rotating shaft 25 is supported → close 14, vacuum sublimation case, it is ensured that
Sealing state → closing air inlet valve and environmentally friendly retracting device valve → unlatching vacuum extractor → slowly rotate solid insulation
Device → reach after vacuum, the solvent for closing vacuum extractor and valve → unlatching macromolecular solution evaporates the close of liquid holding box 15
Jacket lid → unlatching heater 16 → distillation deposits super hydrophobic surface to the external insulation surface of solid insulating elements, remains to rule
Fix time → distil and terminate.
What distillation was processed exits：The solvent evaporation of distillation process finishing → closing heater 16 → closing macromolecular solution
The sealing box cover of the liquid holding box 15 → holding vacuum-pumping valve closing → environmentally friendly retracting device → unlatching air inlet valve of unlatching → return
Receive rotation → closing environmental protection retracting device and valve → unlatching vacuum sublimation that concentration reaches standard → stopping solid insulating elements
14, case, takes out solid insulating elements → closing air inlet valve → course of processing and terminates.
The surface of the solvent evaporation liquid holding box 15 of described vacuum sublimation case 14, macromolecular solution scribbles not affine hydrophobic material
The coating of material.
The present invention, in the composite bed of solid insulation external insulation one layer of nano-micrometre level of Surface Creation, is changed by sublimed method
The electro-mechanical parts such as spark gap 4, disconnecting switch 5, main bus-bar 6, vacuum circuit breaker 7, branch bus 8, cable connector 9, voltage transformer 10
The surface free energy and surface roughness on the solid insulation external insulation surface divided.Reach super hydrophobic surface, it is to avoid surface condensation is produced
It is raw.
9th, to the technical Analysis of above-mentioned manufacture method：
Specific practice is, under vacuum so that low surface free energy material, such as polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene
Macromolecular solution solvent evaporate, distillation gather solid insulation external insulation surface, solution thermodynamicses state labile, high score
Easily there is self aggregation between subchain, form macromolecule aggregation phase.When macromolecular chain is assembled to a certain extent, macromolecule aggregation is alternate
Generation phase separation, and form the low surface free energy surface with micron-nanometer level coarse structure.
As shown in figure 12：Vacuum sublimation case 14 is evaporated liquid holding box 15, heater 16, is carried by the solvent of macromolecular solution
The compositions such as the support rotating shaft 25, vacuum extractor of piece-holder, air intake valve and environmentally friendly retracting device.Wherein macromolecular solution
Solvent evaporation liquid holding box 15 has openable sealing box cover, the solvent evaporation liquid holding box of vacuum sublimation case 14, macromolecular solution
The surface of 15 grade component parts scribbles not affine hydrophobic material.
10th, concrete introduction is made so that the super-hydrophobic surface coating of branch bus 8 is generated as an example：
Sublimed method is in the specific practice of the composite bed of solid insulation external insulation one layer of nano-micrometre level of Surface Creation：Will
Polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene pellets add ethanol in proper amount and mix after being directly dissolved in dimethylbenzene or tetrahydrofuran → dissolving
→ be subsequently adding mixed solution and add the branch bus 8 of the solvent evaporation liquid holding box 15 → complete solid insulation of macromolecular solution to put
Enter vacuum sublimation case 14, fixed clamp on rotating shaft 25 is supported → close 14, vacuum sublimation case, it is ensured that sealing state → closing
Air inlet valve and environmentally friendly retracting device valve → unlatchings evacuation → slow rotation branch bus 8 → reach after vacuum, closing
The solvent evaporation closure of the liquid holding box 15 → unlatching heater 16 → distillation of evacuation and valve → unlatching macromolecular solution is sunk
Product super hydrophobic surface remains to stipulated time → distillation process finishing to the external insulation surface of branch bus 8.
What distillation was processed exits：The solvent of distillation process finishing → closing heater 16 → macromolecular solution of closing 15 steams
Send out the closure of liquid holding box 15 → holding vacuum-pumping valve and close → open environmentally friendly retracting device → unlatching air inlet valve → recovery
Concentration reaches the standard → branch bus 8 that stop the rotation → closing environmental protection retracting device and valve → 14, unlatching vacuum sublimation case, takes
Go out branch bus 8 → closing air inlet valve → course of processing to terminate.Other solid insulation components carry out adding using same method
Work, is not repeated.
Under vacuum so that the macromolecule of low surface free energy material, such as polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene is molten
Liquid evaporates in solvent, and distillation gathers solid insulation external insulation surface, and solution thermodynamicses state labile is easily sent out between macromolecular chain
Aggregation is conigenous, macromolecule aggregation phase is formed.When macromolecular chain is assembled to a certain extent, macromolecule aggregation is alternate to be separated
Process, and form the low surface free energy surface with micron-nanometer level coarse structure.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that the present invention is implemented and do not receive aforesaid way
Restriction, as long as employing the improvement of various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention design and technical scheme are carried out, or without changing
Enter and the design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to into other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of solid-state insulated switchgear prevents the manufacture method of condensation device, described solid-state insulated switchgear from including electricity
Cable room (2), described cable vault (2) is provided with vertical shrouding (21) and door, on described shrouding (21) and the surface of door, if
There is plastic-blasting layer, on inner side plastic-blasting layer (23) of the medial surface of described shrouding (21) and door, scribble the parent of resin type MYQS-1
Water material coating (11)；
The material of the water wetted material coating (11) of described resin type MYQS-1 is：Base material is resin, and adding hydrophilic strengthens tree
Fat, along with cross-linking agent, constitutes the hydrophilic group that functional group is-COOH and/or-OH as lubricant；
It is characterized in that：
The spray coating process of the water wetted material coating (11) of described MYQS-1 is：Start, defat, pickling, phosphatization is using quiet
Electrospray carries out surface plastic spraying process, and using electrostatic spraying surface hydrophilic material spraying is carried out, and terminates.
2. a kind of solid-state insulated switchgear prevents the manufacture method of condensation device, described solid-state insulated switchgear from including water
Flat bus-bar room (3), described horizontal bus room (3) is provided with vertical shrouding (21) and door, in described shrouding (21) and door
On surface, plastic-blasting layer is provided with, on inner side plastic-blasting layer (23) of the medial surface of described shrouding (21) and door, scribbles resin type
The water wetted material coating (11) of MYQS-1；
The material of the water wetted material coating (11) of described resin type MYQS-1 is：Base material is resin, and adding hydrophilic strengthens tree
Fat, along with cross-linking agent, constitutes the hydrophilic group that functional group is-COOH and/or-OH as lubricant；
It is characterized in that：
The spray coating process of the water wetted material coating (11) of described MYQS-1 is：Start, defat, pickling, phosphatization is using quiet
Electrospray carries out surface plastic spraying process, and using electrostatic spraying surface hydrophilic material spraying is carried out, and terminates.
3. a kind of solid-state insulated switchgear prevents condensation device, described solid-state insulated switchgear from including solid insulation device
Part, arranges what micron-nanoscale rough structure was constituted on the surface of the solid insulating layer (18) of described solid insulating elements
Hydrophobic material face coat (12)；It is characterized in that：In the current-carrying part and each solid insulation of described solid insulating elements
Laminated gradient surface, arranges a protective cover by made by not affine hydrophobic material, made by the plastics with certain elasticity
(13)。
4. condensation device is prevented according to the solid-state insulated switchgear described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described protective cover
(13) ground plane (17) interference fit and on solid insulating elements outer surface, the length of the axis direction of its interference fit is 5
±0.5mm；Described protective cover (13) is gap cooperation with remaining part of solid insulating elements.
5. condensation device is prevented according to the solid-state insulated switchgear described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Described consolidates
Body insulating device is the one kind in following device, or any two kinds and two or more combinations：Spark gap (4), disconnecting switch
(5), main bus-bar (6), vacuum circuit breaker (7), branch bus (8), cable connector (9), voltage transformer (10).
6. being applied to the solid-state insulated switchgear any one of claim 3 to 5 prevents the manufacture method of condensation device,
It is characterized in that：
The generating mode of described hydrophobic material face coat (12), the equipment which is adopted includes vacuum sublimation case
(14) solvent evaporation liquid holding box (15), heater (16), clamping of, the described vacuum sublimation case (14) including macromolecular solution
The support rotating shaft (25) of workpiece, vacuum extractor, air inlet valve and environmentally friendly retracting device；The solvent of described macromolecular solution
Evaporation liquid holding box (15) is with openable sealing box cover；
Described generating mode adopts sublimed method, its one layer of nanometer-micron order of external insulation Surface Creation in solid insulating elements
The process of hydrophobic material face coat (12) be：
During polypropylene or polystyrene pellets are directly dissolved in into dimethylbenzene or tetrahydrofuran → dissolving after add and ethanol in proper amount and mix
It is even → to be subsequently adding solvent evaporation liquid holding box (15) of mixed solution → addition macromolecular solution → by consolidating that solid insulation is completed
Body insulating device is put into vacuum sublimation case (14), fixed clamp on rotating shaft (25) is supported → close vacuum sublimation case (14) door,
Ensure sealing state → closings air inlet valve and environmental protection retracting device valve → unlatching vacuum extractor → slowly rotate solid
Insulating device → reach after vacuum, closes the solvent evaporation liquid holding box of vacuum extractor and valve → unlatching macromolecular solution
(15) sealing box cover → unlatching heater (16) → distillation deposits super hydrophobic surface to the external insulation table of solid insulating elements
Face, remains to stipulated time → distillation and terminates.
7. the manufacture method of condensation device is prevented according to the solid-state insulated switchgear described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：
What distillation was processed exits：The solvent evaporation of distillation process finishing → closing heater (16) → closing macromolecular solution is contained
The sealing box cover of liquid box (the 15) → holding vacuum-pumping valve closing → environmentally friendly retracting device → unlatching air inlet valve of unlatching → return
Receive rotation → closing environmental protection retracting device and valve → unlatching vacuum sublimation that concentration reaches standard → stopping solid insulating elements
Case (14) door, takes out solid insulating elements → closing air inlet valve → course of processing and terminates.
8. the manufacture method of condensation device is prevented according to the solid-state insulated switchgear described in claim 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
The vacuum sublimation case (14) stated, the surface of solvent evaporation liquid holding box (15) of macromolecular solution scribble the painting of not affine hydrophobic material
Layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510245849.XA CN104810742B (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2015-05-14 | Condensation preventing device for solid insulated switchgear and manufacturing method of the condensation preventing device |
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| CN201510245849.XA CN104810742B (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2015-05-14 | Condensation preventing device for solid insulated switchgear and manufacturing method of the condensation preventing device |
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| CN104810742B true CN104810742B (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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| CN109412066A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-01 | 南通苏源恒炫电气有限公司 | A kind of combined type solid-state insulated switchgear |
| CN112038961B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2023-04-25 | 安徽得润电气技术有限公司 | Manual bypass cabinet of many isolator high pressure |
| CN112261845B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-06-28 | 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) | Prevent fine passageway liquid cooling system of condensation |
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| CN2521797Y (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2002-11-20 | 汕头经济特区南粤电器有限公司 | Indoor metal-clad with drawable switch equipment |
| JP5023138B2 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2012-09-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Vacuum insulated switchgear |
| CN102801123B (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏电科电气设备有限公司 | 20KV sleeve |
| CN203605417U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-05-21 | 宁波威霖住宅设施有限公司 | Waterproof and mildewproof air conditioner air outlet structure |
| CN204696544U (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-10-07 | 安徽明远电力设备制造有限公司 | A kind of solid-state insulated switchgear prevents condensation device |
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