CN104807480A - 探测用于选择齿轮的可动体的位置的系统 - Google Patents
探测用于选择齿轮的可动体的位置的系统 Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
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- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
- G01D5/249—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using pulse code
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- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
- G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种探测用于选择齿轮的可动体的位置的系统,所述可动体被联接为与一盘一起移动,该盘适于相对于由所述可动体支撑的静止支撑件移动。根据本发明,所述系统包括:电阻式传感器(6),用于确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的位置;和非接触传感器(7),用于确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的位置。
Description
技术领域
本发明的主题在广义上属于适于识别由可动体占据的不同的线性位置或角位置的传感器的技术领域。
更具体地,本发明的主题涉及用于探测可动体的位置的磁性传感器或感应式传感器的技术领域。
本发明的主题在为了配合到自动变速箱从而探测由操作者选择的齿轮为目的的汽车领域中得到特别有利的应用。
在本发明的优选技术领域中,使用通常被操作者沿着直线移动的控制杆选择自动变速箱的各个位置。这样的杆使各个不同的位置能够被选择,例如:停止位置、后退位置、空档位置和各个向前行驶位置。以传统的方式,为了来选择自动变速箱的期望的位置,变速杆(selector lever)作用于设置在液压回路中的液压控制杆或滑动器。
背景技术
在现有技术中,已提出了多种技术方案,用于识别被变速杆或控制滑动器占据的不同位置。例如,专利US 5307013描述了一种具有连接到控制旋转轴的可动编码器的位置传感器。该编码器以盘的形式实施,该盘拥有围绕旋转轴同心地延伸的多个代码轨道。每个轨道由具有南北编码的磁极构成。代码元件设置在轨道上,使得与代码轨道对齐安装的传感器探测单元传送用于可动体的每个确定位置的二进制信号的不同组合。
这样的传感器基于二进制信号的不同组合能够识别由用于自动变速箱的可动体(例如变速杆)占据的各线性位置。磁传感器具有在编码器与探测器单元之间无相对机械摩擦地运行的优点。
然而,安装那种类型的传感器被发现,如果可用于接纳其的体积小,则其将难以良好地执行。此外,在由传感器传送信息失败或不可用的情况下,就不再知道旋转轴的位置。
发明内容
本发明通过提出一种探测用于选择变速箱的齿轮的可动体的确定位置的系统,力图改正现有技术的缺点,该系统能够传送关于可动体的位置的信息,而无论位置传感器是否发生操作故障,同时该系统占据的空间小。
为了实现该目的,本发明提出一种探测用于选择变速箱的齿轮的可动体的确定位置的系统,该可动体能沿着行进轴线移动,同时被联接成与盘一起移动,该盘适于相对于由所述可动体支撑的静止支撑件移动,该系统包括:
·电阻式传感器,用于确定盘相对于支撑件的位置;和
·非接触传感器,用于确定盘相对于支撑件的位置。
在具体实施例中,本发明的系统还可具有以下的附加特征中的一个和/或另一个:
·电阻式传感器确定盘相对于支撑件的旋转位置,并且非接触传感器确定盘相对于支撑件的旋转位置;以及
·电阻式传感器包括至少两个电刷,电刷由支撑件携带,并且与设置在盘上的、相对于行进轴线并行(与行进轴线平行)的电气测量轨道接触,其中轨道中的一条包括导电部和非导电部。
在一方案中,本发明提供一种系统,该系统设计为借助于非接触传感器连续地传送关于可动体的位置的相对准确的第一信息,并且借助于电阻式传感器连续地传送关于可动体的位置的较不准确的第二信息。在非接触传感器发生故障的情况下,本发明的系统保证仍传送关于可动体的位置的信息,虽然该信息比通常由非接触传感器传送的信息具有更低程度的准确性。
本发明的另一目的是保证电阻式传感器的正常操作,尽管首先具有关于用于接纳传感器的小尺寸的限制,其次具有关于可动盘的前后运动的限制。
为了实现该目的,本发明的探测用于选择变速箱的齿轮的可动体的确定位置的系统包括电接触刷,该电接触刷包括第一弯部,第一弯部在一侧限定用于紧固到支撑件的紧固件分支,而在相对侧限定用于接触测量轨道的接触分支,接触分支面向紧固件分支延伸,并且到自由端部具有一确定的长度,该确定的长度优选小于紧固件分支的长度。
此外,本发明的系统还可具有以下的附加特征中的一个或多个或全部:
·电刷的接触分支包括在第一弯部与自由端部之间的第二弯部,第二弯部具有面朝紧固件分支的凹侧,并且第二弯部在与其凹侧相反的一侧具有用于接触电气测量轨道的凸表面;
·电刷的接触分支的第二弯部在一侧限定末端部,而在相对侧限定中间部,中间部相对于末端部形成180°至90°的范围内的角;
·电刷的接触分支包括在第一弯部与第二弯部之间的第三弯部,第三弯部具有面朝紧固件分支的凸侧;
·电刷的接触分支包括从其自由端部延伸的切除部,使得接触分支具有两个在接触分支的长度的一部分上的叉状部;
·电刷的紧固件分支借助于定位引导构件安装在支撑件上;
·电阻式传感器的电刷连接到电源;和
·非接触传感器包括设置在盘上的、相对于行进轴线并行的一系列代码轨道,每条轨道由具有物理幅值(physical magnitude,物理量)的代码元件构成,探测器元件与代码轨道对齐地安装在支撑件上,并且适于传送旋转轴的每个确定位置的二进制信号的不同组合。
附图说明
多个其它特征将参照附图从以下描述中呈现,附图示出了作为非限制性示例的本发明的实施例。
图1是示出根据本发明的系统的实施例的立体图;
图2是图1中所示的并且用来揭露本发明的系统的特征元件的系统的局部立体图;
图3是移除支撑件以示出传感器的特征元件的类似于图2的视图;
图4是根据本发明的电接触刷的实施例的立体图;
图5是根据如图4所示的本发明的电接触刷的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出适于探测用于选择车辆变速箱中的齿轮的可动体2的位置的系统1的实施例。可动体2可沿着直线的或有角的行进轴线A移动。在如附图所示的优选实施例中,可动体是轴,该轴被操作为,借助由使用者操作的杆,围绕它自己的轴线A,沿两个方向转动,从而选择齿轮。旋转轴2适于在有限的角度范围内(例如具有稍微小于90°的值的范围)占据多个稳定的角位置。经由示例,旋转轴2在广义上构成插入自动变速箱的液压控制回路的控制杆。
系统1具有被驱使或被联接以与旋转轴2一起旋转的可动盘3。因此,可动盘3在基本上垂直于旋转轴2的平面中在大约90°的角范围内延伸,从而呈现四分之一个圆盘的形状。以传统的方式,可动盘3在其外边缘具有用于接纳或容置齿轮索引指状物(gear-indexing finger,齿轮分度指状物)的凹口4。可动盘3具有与其外边缘相对的延伸部31,用于通过任何适当的手段与旋转轴2组装。可动盘3适于相对于由旋转轴2支撑的静止支撑件5转动。静止支撑件5呈箱子的形式,具有绕旋转轴2自由地接合的环51。
根据本发明,系统1包括:电阻式传感器6,用于确定可动体2的位置并且在示出的示例中,用于确定可动盘3(即,旋转轴2)相对于静止支撑件5的旋转位置;和非接触传感器7,用于确定可动体2的位置,并且在所示的示例中,用于确定可动盘3(即,旋转轴2)相对于静止支撑件5的旋转位置。因此,系统1适于连续地传送两项关于旋转轴2的位置的信息,一项来自机械读取而另一项来自磁或感应读取。
如在图2和图3中可更清楚地看到,电阻式传感器6具有至少两个由静止支撑件5携带的电刷81、82,在示出的示例中,正好具有两个刷。电刷81、82分别与形成在可动盘3上的、相对于行进轴线A并行的电气测量轨道91和92接触。在附图所示的示例中,使电气测量轨道91和92与旋转轴2同中心,即,电气测量轨道91和92占据以旋转轴2为中心的同心圆弧。当可动体沿着轴线A线性移动时,则电气测量轨道91和92应设置为彼此平行并且相对于线性行进轴线A并行。
因此,可动盘3具有邻近或较靠近旋转轴2的第一电气测量轨道91。该第一电气测量轨道91包括导电材料,电刷81在可动盘3的整个转动范围上与该导电材料接触。
可动盘3具有第二电气测量轨道92,该第二电气测量轨道具有至少一个导电部9a和至少一个非导电部9b。该第二电气测量轨道92具有由导电材料制成的导电部9a,该导电部以连续的方式与第一电气测量轨道91的导电材料一起延伸。例如,第一电气轨道和第二电气轨道的导电部9a由可动盘3携带的导电材料制成。在这样的情况下,应当注意到在导电部9a与非导电部9b之间的接合处设有台阶或肩部。
电刷82在可动盘3的整个转动范围上与第二电气测量轨道92接触。因此,当可动盘3转动时,电刷82与导电部9a连接或与非导电部9b连接。
根据在图4和图5中更特别地示出的有利实施例的特征,每个电刷81和82具有第一弯部13,该第一弯部在一侧上限定用于紧固到静止支撑件5的紧固件分支14,并且在相对侧上限定用于接触测量轨道的接触分支15,该接触分支与测量轨道关联地延伸。接触分支15面向紧固件分支14延伸并且到自由端部151具有一长度,该长度优选地小于紧固件分支14的长度。经由示例,并且如在图5中可更清楚地看到的,第一弯部13具有圆弧形轮廓。优选地,紧固件分支14包括基本直线部141,该基本直线部经由弯曲部142延伸到第一弯部13。因此,该弯曲部142和接触分支15向第一弯部13会聚。弯曲部142和接触分支15之间呈锐角,例如,该锐角的范围可为0°至90°并且例如可以是大约15°。电刷的该构造能够实现弹簧效果,该弹簧效果导致接触分支15连续地抵靠电气轨道的同时,具有有限的大小,因为紧固件分支14和接触分支15面向彼此延伸。
根据有利的实施例的特征,电刷的接触分支15包括在第一弯部13与接触分支的自由端部151之间的第二弯部18,该第二弯部18具有面向紧固件分支14的凹侧。第二弯部18具有与其凹侧相反的用于与电气测量轨道进行接触的凸表面19。该凸表面19用于在电刷与电气测量轨道之间实现良好的电接触。
在优选实施例中,电刷的接触分支15的第二弯部18在一侧限定末端部21,而在另一侧限定中间部22,该中间部与末端部21形成大约110°的角。该中间部22延伸到第一弯部13。在所示实施例中,在该中间部22中设置具有面向紧固件分支14的凸侧的第三弯部24。因此,电刷的接触分支15包括在第一弯部13与第二弯部18之间的第三弯部24。
在优选变体实施例中,电刷的接触分支15包括切除部26,该切除部从接触分支15的自由端部151延伸,使得接触分支在接触分支的长度的一部分上具有两个叉状部27。有利地,为了设置两个叉状部27,该切除部26延伸超过第二弯部18,使得它们向两个接触面提供电气测量轨道,从而保证与电气测量轨道的良好接触。
在有利变体实施例中,电刷的每个紧固件分支14借助定位引导构件29安装到静止支撑件5上。经由示例,定位引导构件29模制到紧固件分支14的基本直线部141上,并且具有用于安装在静止支撑件5上的滑动式安装装置。从定位引导构件29开始并且远离第一弯部13,紧固件分支14具有用于连接到电源的连接突片30。
电阻式传感器6的操作直接出自以上描述。当电刷81与第一电气测量轨道91接触并且电刷82与第二电气测量轨道92的导电部9a接触时,电阻式传感器6传送对应于可动盘3或旋转轴2的角位置的信息。当电刷81与第一电气测量轨道91接触而电刷82与第二电气测量轨道92的非导电部9b接触时,则电阻式传感器不传送可动盘3或旋转轴的其他的确定的角位置的任何信息。不管非接触传感器7是否传送位置信息,电阻式传感器6都用于提供关于旋转轴的位置的信息。
非接触传感器7具有一系列代码轨道32,这些代码轨道围绕旋转轴相对于彼此同中心地设置在可动盘3上。在示出的示例中,代码轨道32的数量是五个并且它们实现为以旋转轴2为中心的同心圆弧。优选地,代码轨道32设置在可动盘3上,使得电气测量轨道91和92位于旋转轴2与代码轨道32之间。每个代码轨道32由具有各自的物理量的代码元件构成。
探测器元件33安装在与代码轨道对齐的支撑件上,并且特别是安装在容置于静止支撑件5中的印刷电路34上。以已知的方式,每个探测器元件33安装为与各自的代码轨道32对齐。在示出的示例中,探测器元件33的数量是五个,并且它们适于为旋转轴的每个确定的位置传送二进制信号的不同组合。在优选的实施例中,位置传感器7是磁性类型的,使得代码元件拥有磁性,并且探测器元件33是磁性探测器单元(例如霍尔效应单元)。自然地,本发明的主题可应用到使用其他物理量的位置传感器7。因此,传感器可是感应式的,使得代码轨道32由感应式代码元件构成,同时探测器元件33是感应式探测器元件。
以传统的方式,探测器元件33对代码元件的物理幅值的值敏感,使得每个探测器元件33:
当物理幅值的值小于阈值时,具有第一二进制状态;
当物理幅值的值大于所述阈值时,具有第二二进制状态;以及
当所述探测器元件不位于面对代码轨道的位置时,具有确定的二进制状态(第一二进制状态或第二二进制状态)。
因此,本发明的系统能够在正常操作中传送来自非接触传感器的第一位置信息和来自电接触传感器的第二位置信息。在非接触传感器发生故障的情况下,本发明的系统继续传送由接触传感器传送的位置信息,虽然该信息比通常由非接触传感器传送的信息具有更低的准确性。
在附图所示的实施例中,本发明的系统1设计为探测可动体2的角位置。如上所述,系统1适于探测沿着线性行进轴线A移动的可动体2的位置。在该变体实施例中,电阻式传感器6和非接触传感器7适于确定盘3相对于支撑件5的线性位置。
本发明不限于所述和所示的示例,因为可对其进行各种修改而不超出本发明的范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种探测用于选择变速箱的齿轮的可动体(2)的确定位置的系统,所述可动体(2)能沿着行进轴线(A)移动,同时被联接成与盘(3)一起移动,所述盘适于相对于由所述可动体支撑的静止支撑件(5)移动,该系统的特征在于,其包括:
电阻式传感器(6),用于确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的位置;和
非接触传感器(7),用于确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电阻式传感器(6)确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的旋转位置,并且所述非接触传感器(7)确定所述盘相对于所述支撑件的旋转位置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电阻式传感器(6)包括至少两个电刷(81、82),所述电刷由所述支撑件携带,并且与设置在所述盘上的、相对于所述行进轴线并行的电气测量轨道(91、92)接触,其中所述轨道其中之一包括导电部和非导电部。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其特征在于,电接触刷包括第一弯部(13),所述第一弯部在一侧限定用于紧固到所述支撑件(5)的紧固件分支(14),并且在相对侧限定用于接触所述测量轨道的接触分支(15),所述接触分支面向所述紧固件分支延伸,并且到一自由端部具有确定的长度,所述确定的长度优选小于所述紧固件分支的长度。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电刷的接触分支(15)包括在所述第一弯部(13)与所述自由端部(151)之间的第二弯部(18),所述第二弯部(18)具有面朝所述紧固件分支的凹侧,并且在与其凹侧相反的一侧具有用于接触所述电气测量轨道的凸表面(19)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电刷的接触分支(15)的第二弯部(18)在一侧限定末端部(21),而在相对侧限定中间部(22),所述中间部相对于所述末端部(21)形成180°至90°范围内的角。
7.根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电刷的接触分支(15)包括在所述第一弯部(13)与所述第二弯部(18)之间的第三弯部(24),所述第三弯部(24)具有面朝所述紧固件分支的凸侧。
8.根据权利要求4至7中任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电刷的接触分支(15)包括从其自由端部(151)延伸的切除部(26),使得所述接触分支(15)具有两个在所述接触分支的长度的一部分上的叉状部(27)。
9.根据权利要求4至8中任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电刷的紧固件分支(14)借助于定位引导构件(29)安装在所述支撑件上。
10.根据权利要求3至9中任一项所述的系统,其特征在于,所述电阻式传感器(6)的电刷(81、82)连接到电源。
11.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述非接触传感器(7)包括设置在所述盘(3)上的、相对于所述行进轴线并行的一系列代码轨道(32),每条轨道(32)由具有物理幅值的代码元件构成,多个探测器元件(33)与所述代码轨道(32)对齐地安装在所述支撑件上,并且适于传送用于所述旋转轴(2)的每个确定位置的二进制信号的不同组合。
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FR1451171A FR3016961B1 (fr) | 2014-01-29 | 2014-02-14 | Systeme de detection des positions du mobile de selection des vitesses |
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CN109312847A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-02-05 | 加特可株式会社 | 挡位开关的定位方法 |
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DE102015101129A1 (de) | 2015-07-30 |
FR3016961A1 (fr) | 2015-07-31 |
FR3016961B1 (fr) | 2017-07-28 |
MX349584B (es) | 2017-08-04 |
US20150211628A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
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