CN104806164B - Drilling method used for rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of soft coal layer and drilling rod - Google Patents
Drilling method used for rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of soft coal layer and drilling rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN104806164B CN104806164B CN201510173449.2A CN201510173449A CN104806164B CN 104806164 B CN104806164 B CN 104806164B CN 201510173449 A CN201510173449 A CN 201510173449A CN 104806164 B CN104806164 B CN 104806164B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling method used for a rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of a soft coal layer and a drilling rod. The drilling method used for the rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of the soft coal layer applies a rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole drilling rod to rotationally cut and drill an expanded and deformed coal body; meanwhile, the rotary cutting a depth, the drilling speed and the air supply amount of the rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole drilling rod are determined according to a drilling hole retraction ratio dc; the rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole drilling rod comprises a rotary cutting protection hole blade, a supporting blade and a central drilling rod body. Aiming at the technical difficulties that the soft coal layer is difficult to drill, a lot of engineering practices are combined; geological conditions of the coal layer are considered to invent the drilling method used for the rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of a the soft coal layer and the drilling rod according to rock mechanics related theories; in a drilling process, the drilled hole wall expanded and deformed wall body can be cut off in time by the rotary cutting protection hole blade so that the rotation and propelling resistance of the drilling rod are reduced. The design is novel and a rotary cutting and resistance reducing, and protection hole integrated drilling process system is established, so that the drilling effect of a soft coal rock stratum can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field such as colliery complex conditions coal bed drilling construction, weak broken rock stratum drilling project, tool
Body is related to a kind of for soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method and drilling rod.
Background technology
For coal and gas outburst mine safe working, the Chinese government is distinctly claimed " first take out and adopt afterwards " and " extraction is up to standard ".
Develop in depth with coal mining, ocurrence of coal seam is in " three-hypers two are low " feature (high-ground stress, high methane content, high methane pressure
Power, low-permeability, low coal mass strength), the complexity of coal seam conditions makes drilling construction increasingly difficult.At present, soft seam drilling is applied
Work has that drilling depth is shallow, drilling efficiency is low, boring accidents, and the multiple mining areas of China have occurred a lot of drillings watt
This burning, drilling CO intoxication accidents, not only affect coal mining efficiency, while the life security of coal miner is threaten, to coal
Ore deposit safety in production brings serious economic loss.For soft seam creeps into, advanced rig equipment fails to give full play to its work
With drilling effect is not fully decided by that rig is equipped, and can it discharge important relation in time with drilling cuttings in drilling.Cause
This, in soft seam drilling process, is to protect hole drilling deslagging space unique technical means, existing drill machine with casing using guard aperture technology
Corollary equipment is huge, and casing drilling tool needs supporting special drill machine with casing, and resistance is crept in casing drilling tool hole greatly, and drilling process is multiple
Miscellaneous, the high labor intensive of operator limits its application effect.Therefore, conventional double-jacket tube drilling tool is not particularly suited for geology
The cherry coal petrographic province domain of complicated condition, is badly in need of a kind of new drilling tool of exploitation, i.e., with guard aperture function, while and can constantly cut off cause
The drill expansion deformation coal body of drilling resistance increase is made, so as to effectively reduce the rotational resistance of drilling rod, rig power is reduced indirectly
Loss, is conducive to improving soft seam drilling depth.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of for soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method and drilling rod, solve conventional covering
Pipe drilling tool drilling resistance is big, drilling depth is shallow, the problem that drilling efficiency is low.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
For soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method, according to coal seam geological condition assessment drilling shrinkage ratio dcAnd determine
Rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity, using rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod construction drill, the continuous excision drilling of drilling rod rotation
The coal body of dilatancy, realizes rotary-cut drop resistance, guard aperture integration drilling, and method is comprised the following steps：
1.. coal sample is taken in place to be onstructed, laboratory test coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, applied geology intensity index method,
Assessment coal body mechanics parameter, calculates drilling shrinkage ratio dc, drill shrinkage ratio dcDeform maximum displacement u for borehole wallpWith drilling not
The ratio of radius r during contraction；
2.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcThe rotary-cut depth of design rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.Work as brill
Hole 20≤d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤40%, the rotary-cut depth design of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is up/ 3, rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod
Outside diameter is designed as 2r-4up/3；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, the rotary-cut depth of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod sets
It is calculated as up/ 2, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-up；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rotation
The rotary-cut depth design for cutting drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is 2up/ 3, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-2up/3；
3.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign rate of penetration.As drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratioc≤ 40%
When, rate of penetration is designed as 0.6～0.8m/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.4～
0.6m/min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.2～0.4m/min；
4.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign air feed air quantity.As drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratioc≤ 40%
When, air feed air quantity is designed as 8～12m3/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, air feed air quantity is designed as 12～
14m3/min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, air feed air quantity is designed as 14～16m3/min；
5.. according to job location coal seam geological condition, determine drilling construction diameter, dip angle of hole, azimuth, according to step
1.～4., rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity are calculated, and designs the version of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.
Guard aperture drilling rod, including rotary-cut guard aperture blade, support blade, the centre drill body of rod are hindered for soft seam rotary-cut drop, it is described
Rotary-cut guard aperture blade, support blade, the centre drill body of rod are coaxial, and support blade is fixed on the centre drill body of rod, rotary-cut guard aperture blade
The outer rim of support blade is fixed on, guard aperture space, rotary-cut guard aperture blade edge are formed between rotary-cut guard aperture blade and support blade
Drilling rod circumferentially, forms open space between rotary-cut guard aperture blade；Rotary-cut guard aperture blade profile is curved, rotary-cut guard aperture leaf
The inner surface of piece connects and is fixed on support blade with the maximum cylindrical of support blade, and the thickness of rotary-cut guard aperture blade is set to
Uniform thickness or along drilling rod direction of rotation progressive additive two ways.
Described support blade is fixed on the centre drill body of rod, and support blade is set to straight rib or scroll, support blade
On be provided with hole and non-porous two ways.
As a result of such scheme, the present invention has the effect that：
1.. determine that by the method for live coal sample, laboratory test and Theoretical Calculation the drilling in job location coal seam is shunk
Than enabling engineering staff more accurately to grasp impact situation of the job location coal seam geological condition to drilling construction.
2.. instruct the reasonable rotary-cut depth of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod, drilling rod rotary cutting to remove by drilling method of the present invention
The coal body of drill expansion deformation, effectively reduces the confined pressure that borehole wall dilatancy is formed to drilling rod, so as to reduce drilling rod
Rotation and propelling resistance.
3.. rate of penetration and air feed air quantity are determined by drilling method of the present invention, due to having taken into full account that drilling rod rotary-cut increases
Plus coal powder quantity of bore, make the coal seam geological condition matching in the design and construction place of rate of penetration and air feed air quantity reasonable, so as to have
Effect is reduced.
4.. rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod of the present invention, by rotary-cut guard aperture blade, being capable of high-efficiency rotating excision drill expansion change
The coal body of shape, and enter guard aperture space by open space is formed between rotary-cut guard aperture blade, using distinguished and admirable timely tap outside,
Avoid drilling blocking.
5.. according to job location coal seam geological condition, determine drilling construction diameter, dip angle of hole, azimuth, according to step
1.～4., rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity are calculated, and designs the version of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.
The present invention creeps into difficult technical barrier for cherry coal rock, with reference to a large amount of engineering practices, related according to rock mechanics
Theory, takes into full account coal seam geological condition, has invented for soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method and drilling rod, drilling method
Rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture jackrod structure design is instructed, the best effective of " the reducing drilling resistance " of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is given full play to
Really, meanwhile, by jackrod structure innovate, rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod can realize rotary-cut drop resistance, two functions of guard aperture, be conducive to
Cherry coal rock drilling depth is improved, is worth in coal mining enterprise's popularization and application.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture principle schematic when the present invention is implemented；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention four；
Fig. 9 is the left view of Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention five；
Figure 11 is the left view of Figure 10；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention six；
Figure 13 is the left view of Figure 12；
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention seven；
Figure 15 is the left view of Figure 14.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：For soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method, shunk according to coal seam geological condition assessment drilling
Compare dcAnd determine rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity, using rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod construction drill, drilling rod rotation connects
The coal body of continuous excision drill expansion deformation, realizes rotary-cut drop resistance, guard aperture integration drilling, and method is comprised the following steps：
1.. coal sample is taken in place to be onstructed, laboratory test coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, applied geology intensity index method,
Assessment coal body mechanics parameter, calculates drilling shrinkage ratio dc, drill shrinkage ratio dcDeform maximum displacement u for borehole wallpWith drilling not
The ratio of radius r during contraction；
2.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcThe rotary-cut depth of design rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.Work as brill
Hole 20≤d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤40%, the rotary-cut depth design of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is up/ 3, rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod
Outside diameter is designed as 2r-4up/3；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, the rotary-cut depth of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod sets
It is calculated as up/ 2, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-up；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rotation
The rotary-cut depth design for cutting drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is 2up/ 3, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-2up/3；
3.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign rate of penetration.As drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratioc≤ 40%
When, rate of penetration is designed as 0.6～0.8m/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.4～
0.6m/min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.2～0.4m/min；
4.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign air feed air quantity.As drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratioc≤ 40%
When, air feed air quantity is designed as 8～12m3/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, air feed air quantity is designed as 12～
14m3/min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, air feed air quantity is designed as 14～16m3/min；
5.. according to job location coal seam geological condition, determine drilling construction diameter, dip angle of hole, azimuth, according to step
1.～4., rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity are calculated, and designs the version of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 2, guard aperture drilling rod, including rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1, support blade are hindered for soft seam rotary-cut drop
2nd, the centre drill body of rod 3, the rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1, support blade 2, the centre drill body of rod 3 are coaxial, and support blade 2 is fixed on center
On drilling rod body, rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 is fixed on the outer rim of support blade 2, the shape between rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2
Into guard aperture space, rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 circumferentially, forms open space L between rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 along drilling rod.Rotary-cut
1 section of guard aperture blade is curved, and the maximum cylindrical connection of the inner surface of rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2 being fixed on is propped up
On support blade 2, the thickness of rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 is set to uniform thickness or along drilling rod direction of rotation progressive additive two ways.
Support blade 2 is fixed on the centre drill body of rod 3, and support blade 2 is set to straight rib or scroll, is provided with support blade 2
Hole and non-porous two ways.One support blade 2 of embodiment is set to straight rib, is not provided with pore structure on support blade 2.
The drop resistance guard aperture rod boring principle of one rotary-cut of the embodiment of the present invention is described below：
Due to soft seam coal mass strength it is low, in soft seam construction drill, by crustal stress, gas pressure, tectonic stress etc.
Factor affects, and drilling deflection is big, and during using conventional guard aperture drilling rod construction drill, drilling rod is fully wrapped around by coal body quickly and is boring
Confined pressure is formed between rod aperture wall and drilling rod, the rotation and propelling resistance for causing drilling rod is increased dramatically, this is also conventional guard aperture drilling rod
The reason for being difficult to construction gun drilling, therefore, invention is a kind of can be reduced creeping into resistance while having the drilling of good guard aperture effect
Method and drilling rod are to solve the unique technical approach that conventional guard aperture drilling rod is difficult to creep into using soft seam.The present invention is used for soft seam
Rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method, with reference to coal seam geological condition, according to rock mechanics correlation theory, determines job location coal seam
Drilling shrinkage ratio, and determine therefrom that reasonable rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and the air feed wind of job location rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod
Amount.Rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture jackrod structure design, with reference to Fig. 3, borehole wall dilatancy are instructed according to drilling method of the present invention
Coal body open space L between rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 is clamp-oned in guard aperture space.Rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is along rotate counterclockwise
When, the coal body 6 clamp-oned in guard aperture space is cut off by rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1.Rotate along with drilling rod, as shown in figure 3, drilling rod periphery
Coal body constantly clamp-on along open space L both sides in the direction of the arrow, and be constantly removed, the coal body of drilling rod periphery is enclosed to drilling rod
Pressure is slow less and is gradually touched, it is achieved thereby that rotary-cut drop resistance.Meanwhile, removed coal body 6 is entered along open space L and is revolved
Cut between guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2 formed guard aperture space and by distinguished and admirable timely tap outside, therefore, also will not be because of brill
Clamp-oning for bar surrounding medium and cause hole drilling deslagging space block.
Embodiment two：As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, it is different from embodiment one to be, open space between rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1
L becomes big, and the rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod increases along the slag input ability of open space L, but rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2
Between form guard aperture space and reduce, therefore, the type rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod shrinkage ratio that is suitable for drilling is 20≤dc≤
40% drilling in coal.
Embodiment three：As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, it is different from embodiment one, example two be, embodiment one, example two
Tool joint employs threaded connection 31, and three tool joint of embodiment employs socket connection 32, socket connection, can be real
The reversion of existing drilling rod, but installation, dismounting drilling rod are not as being threadedly coupled conveniently.
Example IV：As shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, it is different from embodiment one, example two to be, example IV support blade 2
5 structure of scroll is set to, hole mode on support blade 2, is provided with, 2 design of support blade of helical structure makes rotation
The contact area cut between guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2 is bigger, be conducive to improving rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 and support blade 2 it
Between bonding strength, so as to improve the type rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod service life；Support blade 2 arranges mud hole 4, can
Realize that wind power slag-discharging creeps into, additionally, the support blade 2 of helical structure also has auxiliary deslagging function.
Embodiment five：As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, different from example IV is that five tool joint of embodiment is employed
Socket connection 32, socket connection.
Embodiment six：As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, different from example IV is that rotary-cut guard aperture blade 1 is designed as along brill
Bar direction of rotation progressive additive, relative to example IV, which has higher rotary-cut ability to the type rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod,
But while the increase of drilling rod rotational resistance can be caused.
Embodiment seven：As shown in Figure 14, Figure 15, different from example IV is that hole knot is not provided with support blade 2
Structure, the type rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod can also realize that wind power slag-discharging creeps into, but be stopped by helical structure support blade 2,
It is difficult to play the effect of wind power slag-discharging, therefore, the type rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is based on spiral deslagging.
Claims (3)
1. soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling method is used for, it is characterised in that：Shunk according to coal seam geological condition assessment drilling
Compare dcAnd determine rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity, using rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod construction drill, drilling rod rotation connects
The coal body of continuous excision drill expansion deformation, realizes rotary-cut drop resistance, guard aperture integration drilling, and method is comprised the following steps：
1.. coal sample, laboratory test coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, applied geology intensity index method, assessment are taken in place to be onstructed
Coal body mechanics parameter, calculates drilling shrinkage ratio dc, drill shrinkage ratio dcDeform maximum displacement u for borehole wallpIt is not contracted with drilling
When radius r ratio；
2.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcThe rotary-cut depth of design rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod, when drilling is shunk
Than 20≤dcWhen≤40%, the rotary-cut depth design of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is up/ 3, rotary-cut drop hinders the cylindrical straight of guard aperture drilling rod
Footpath is designed as 2r-4up/3；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, the rotary-cut depth design of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is
up/ 2, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-up；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rotary-cut drop
The rotary-cut depth design of resistance guard aperture drilling rod is 2up/ 3, the outside diameter of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod is designed as 2r-2up/3；
3.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign rate of penetration, as drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤40%,
Rate of penetration is designed as 0.6～0.8m/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.4～
0.6m/min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, rate of penetration is designed as 0.2～0.4m/min；
4.. according to drilling shrinkage ratio d in job location coal seamcDesign air feed air quantity, as drilling 20≤d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤40%,
Air feed air quantity is designed as 8～12m3/min；As drilling 40 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤60%, air feed air quantity is designed as 12～14m3/
min；As drilling 60 ＜ d of shrinkage ratiocWhen≤100%, air feed air quantity is designed as 14～16m3/min；
5.. according to job location coal seam geological condition, determine drilling construction diameter, dip angle of hole, azimuth, according to step 1.～
4., rotary-cut depth, rate of penetration and air feed air quantity are calculated, and designs the version of rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod.
2. soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod, including rotary-cut guard aperture blade, support blade, the centre drill body of rod, its feature are used for
It is：The rotary-cut guard aperture blade, support blade, the centre drill body of rod are coaxial, and support blade is fixed on the centre drill body of rod, rotary-cut
Guard aperture blade is fixed on the outer rim of support blade, and guard aperture space, rotary-cut shield are formed between rotary-cut guard aperture blade and support blade
Hole blade circumferentially, forms open space between rotary-cut guard aperture blade along drilling rod；Rotary-cut guard aperture blade profile is curved, rotation
The inner surface of guard aperture blade is cut with the maximum cylindrical connection of support blade and is fixed on support blade, the thickness of rotary-cut guard aperture blade
Degree is set to uniform thickness or along drilling rod direction of rotation progressive additive two ways.
3. according to claim 2 for soft seam rotary-cut drop resistance guard aperture drilling rod, it is characterised in that：Described support blade
It is fixed on the centre drill body of rod, support blade is set to straight rib or scroll, on support blade, is provided with hole and non-porous two kinds
Mode.
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| CN201510173449.2A CN104806164B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Drilling method used for rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of soft coal layer and drilling rod |
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| CN201510173449.2A CN104806164B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Drilling method used for rotary cutting and resistance reducing protection hole of soft coal layer and drilling rod |
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| CN104806164B true CN104806164B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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| CN113090191B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-07-22 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Drilling fixed-point hole protecting method, device and construction process for complex zone of coal mine |
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| JP2013087582A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-05-13 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Excavation rod and excavation method |
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