CN104800941A - Switchable built-in tracheal catheter and laryngeal mask combined breathing device - Google Patents
Switchable built-in tracheal catheter and laryngeal mask combined breathing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104800941A CN104800941A CN201410043219.XA CN201410043219A CN104800941A CN 104800941 A CN104800941 A CN 104800941A CN 201410043219 A CN201410043219 A CN 201410043219A CN 104800941 A CN104800941 A CN 104800941A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switchable built-in tracheal catheter and laryngeal mask combined breathing device. The device comprises a laryngeal mask, a tracheal catheter, and a sealing locking device arranged on the device; the front end of the tracheal catheter is inserted into a laryngeal mask catheter from the far end of the laryngeal mask catheter; the rear end of the tracheal catheter can be pushed to enable the tracheal catheter to freely slide into the laryngeal mask catheter. According to the device, the tracheal catheter and the laryngeal mask can be switched in different breathing modes; the built-in tracheal catheter breathing mode is used in patient operations such as operation for different body part, or fat patients, high blood pressure patients and diabetes patients so as to improve the reliability and safety of assistant breathing; the laryngeal mask breathing mode is switched when the patient wakes from general anesthesia, so that the probability of airway hypersensitive reaction such as bucking caused by the tracheal catheter breathing mode can be reduced; the complication caused by bucking in the waking period can be reduced by the mode of replacing drugs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical appliance, particularly relate to the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type and combine breather with laryngeal mask.
Background technology
Assisted respiartion ventilation carries out assisted respiartion to keep the necessary means of General Anesthesia Undergoing hemodynamic stability when anaesthetizing sb. generally operation to surgical patient, and the device such as endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask is the conventional assisted respirator of assisted respiartion ventilation.In clinical practice application, the assisted respirator such as endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask, mostly be independent employing, but often need to switch different ventilating modes to realize different effects in operation process, due to the difference of functional design, its mutual replacing is very inconvenient, and often easily causes when conversion breathing pattern due to anesthesia early extubation, make air flue produce hypersusceptibility and cause a series of complication, add operation risk.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type and combine breather with laryngeal mask, easily can realize the switching of different ventilating mode between endotracheal tube from laryngeal mask, reduce the air flue hypersusceptibility odds produced when switching ventilating mode, improve reliability and the safety of assisted respiartion ventilation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type combines breather with laryngeal mask, comprising:
Laryngeal mask and endotracheal tube, the front end of described endotracheal tube is inserted described laryngeal mask conduit from the far-end of described laryngeal mask conduit, and by promoting the rear end of described endotracheal tube, described endotracheal tube can be free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit; Be located at described endotracheal tube and combine sealing-locking device on breather with laryngeal mask, the air-tightness of described sealing-locking device for keeping described endotracheal tube to combine the breather line of breather with laryngeal mask, and for locking described endotracheal tube, avoid in laryngeal mask airway mode and endotracheal tube ventilating mode transformation process and leak air, sealing-locking device can fix the position of endotracheal tube in laryngeal mask conduit simultaneously, improve the ventilation effectiveness after ventilating mode conversion, solve in operation because of laryngeal mask displacement problem when the different position of patient or position variation.
Described sealing-locking device has two kinds of embodiments.
As the first embodiment of sealing-locking device of the present invention, described sealing-locking device comprises: be set in the scalable cover between the rear end of endotracheal tube and the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit, and the rear end of endotracheal tube is connected with the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit by this scalable overlapping and is sealed; And be arranged on the described scalable pressing clamp device put, for locking described endotracheal tube.Pressing clamp device realizes the fixing of described endotracheal tube and release by pressing and breaking into two with one's hands.
As the second embodiment of sealing-locking device of the present invention,
Described sealing-locking device is screw seal locking device.
Particularly, described screw seal locking device comprises: be sheathed on the blind nut outside described endotracheal tube, and it is connected with the distal end convolutions of described laryngeal mask conduit, is provided with pressing piece in this blind nut; Be sheathed on the software outside described endotracheal tube; And, be formed at the accommodation space for holding described software of described laryngeal mask distal end of catheter.Turn clockwise fastening blind nut time, the pressing piece in blind nut can descending extrusion soft, makes it seal space between described laryngeal mask conduit and endotracheal tube, ensures that the air-tightness of the breather line of breather combined by described endotracheal tube with laryngeal mask.And, turn clockwise fastening blind nut time, pressing piece in blind nut can make it to center deformation by descending extrusion soft, contacts to produce rub with endotracheal tube tube wall, thus it is fastening to realize compressing, when being rotated counterclockwise fastening blind nut, pressing piece is up, and software then resiles, and software outwards bounces back, do not contact with endotracheal tube tube wall, endotracheal tube can be slided.
Preferably, described software is up-narrow and down-wide vertebra shape.
Further, in the second embodiment, also comprise the scalable cover between rear end and the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit being set in endotracheal tube, described scalable cover one end is connected with the rear end of described endotracheal tube, and the other end is connected with described blind nut.
Preferably, in above two kinds of embodiments, described scalable cover is transparent telescopic bellows.Because described endotracheal tube is all by described laryngeal mask conduit and described scalable cover parcel, in the process of ventilating mode conversion, described endotracheal tube can not be exposed to the external world, avoids being subject to environmental pollution, makes whole ventilating mode transformation process more safe and effective.
Further, described laryngeal mask pipe inner wall is provided with the burr from its near-end to its remote extension.This effectively can reduce the contact area of laryngeal mask pipe inner wall and endotracheal tube outer wall, prevents the bonding between two walls, reduces the frictional force that endotracheal tube slides in laryngeal mask conduit simultaneously, ensures the smooth and easy of ventilating mode transformation process.
Further, the rear end of described endotracheal tube extends to form camber line to its front end, and described endotracheal tube is free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit along this camber line.
Further, described endotracheal tube is the graduated endotracheal tube of band, described laryngeal mask conduit is provided with the transparent observing window of the scale that can read on described endotracheal tube at the position close to its far-end.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of endotracheal tube of the present invention and laryngeal mask duct joint breather is as follows:
1, the built-in endotracheal tube of reversible type of the present invention and laryngeal mask combine the switching that breather easily can realize different ventilating mode between endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask, use built-in endotracheal tube ventilating mode to improve reliability and the safety of assisted respiartion ventilation in patient's operations such as different position or obesity, hypertension, diabetes; Be converted to the air flue hypersusceptibility that produces when laryngeal mask airway pattern reduces endotracheal tube ventilating mode at General Anesthesia Undergoing waking up period and cough odds as choked, this device reduces waking up period by the mode of alternative use medicine and to choke the complication coughed and cause.
2, by directly promoting rear end mobile described endotracheal tube in laryngeal mask conduit of described endotracheal tube, the switching of different ventilating mode between endotracheal tube from laryngeal mask conduit can easily be realized, very convenient in operation;
3, owing to being provided with described sealing-locking device, ensure that the air-tightness of the breather line of breather combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of described reversible type with laryngeal mask, avoid in ventilating mode transformation process and leak air, sealing-locking device can fix the position of endotracheal tube in laryngeal mask conduit simultaneously, improve the ventilation effectiveness after ventilating mode conversion, solve in operation because of laryngeal mask displacement problem when the different position of patient or position variation;
4, because described endotracheal tube is all by described laryngeal mask conduit and described scalable cover parcel, in the process of ventilating mode conversion, described endotracheal tube can not be exposed to the external world, avoids being subject to environmental pollution, makes whole ventilating mode transformation process more safe and effective;
5, because described laryngeal mask pipe inner wall is provided with proximally to the burr of remote extension, thus effectively can reduce the contact area of laryngeal mask pipe inner wall and endotracheal tube outer wall, prevent the bonding between two walls, reduce the frictional force that endotracheal tube slides in laryngeal mask conduit simultaneously, ensure the smooth and easy of ventilating mode transformation process.
6, owing to being provided with transparent observing window at the far-end of described laryngeal mask conduit, therefore can the position of endotracheal tube in Real-Time Monitoring ventilating mode transformation process, lock device and effectively can control the relative position of endotracheal tube in laryngeal mask conduit;
By following description also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will become more clear, and these accompanying drawings are for explaining embodiments of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first embodiment of breather combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type of the present invention structural representation with laryngeal mask;
Fig. 2 is breather combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type of the present invention the second implementation structural representation with laryngeal mask;
Fig. 3 is that the structural representation of breather after endotracheal tube is released combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type in Fig. 2 with laryngeal mask;
Fig. 4 is the sealing-locking device of breather combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type in Fig. 2 sectional view with laryngeal mask;
Fig. 5 is that the structural representation that breather installs telescopic tube additional combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type in Fig. 2 with laryngeal mask;
Fig. 6 is that the structural representation of breather after endotracheal tube is released combined by the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type in Fig. 5 with laryngeal mask;
Detailed description of the invention
With reference now to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention, element numbers similar in accompanying drawing represents similar element.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the described built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type is combined breather and is comprised laryngeal mask conduit 1, endotracheal tube 2, scalable cover 3 and press clamp device 4 with laryngeal mask.Wherein, scalable cover 3 and pressing clamp device 4 form sealing-locking device.
Laryngeal mask conduit 1 has near-end 1a and far-end 1b, endotracheal tube 2 has front end 2a and rear end 2b, the front end 2a of endotracheal tube 2 is inserted in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 through the far-end 1b of described laryngeal mask conduit 1, by promoting the rear end 2b of endotracheal tube 2, endotracheal tube 2 can be free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 along rear end 2b to the camber line that front end 2a extends to form.
Laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall is provided with the burr extended from its near-end 1a to far-end 1b.And the outer wall of described endotracheal tube 2 contacts with the burr on laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall, thus effectively can reduce the contact area of described laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall and endotracheal tube 2 outer wall, prevent the bonding between two walls, reduce endotracheal tube 2 frictional force of sliding in laryngeal mask conduit 1 simultaneously, ensure the smooth and easy of between laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process.
Laryngeal mask conduit 1 is provided with transparent observing window 11 at the position close to its far-end 1b.
The rear end 2b of endotracheal tube 2 is connected with the far-end 1b of laryngeal mask conduit 1 by scalable cover 3 and is sealed, thus described endotracheal tube 2 can be wrapped up by described laryngeal mask conduit 1 and scalable cover 3 completely, thus in the process changed at laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode, described endotracheal tube 2 can not be exposed to the external world, avoid being subject to environmental pollution, make whole ventilating mode transformation process more safe and effective.
Pressing clamp device 4 is enclosed within scalable cover 3, realizes the fixing of described endotracheal tube 2 and release by pressing and breaking into two with one's hands.
Scalable cover 3 and pressing clamp device 4 form sealing-locking device and can ensure that the air-tightness of the breather line of breather combined by described endotracheal tube 2 with laryngeal mask conduit 1, avoid in laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process and leak air, the position of endotracheal tube 2 in laryngeal mask conduit 1 can be fixed simultaneously, improve the ventilation effectiveness after ventilating mode conversion, solve in operation because of laryngeal mask displacement problem when the different position of patient or position variation.
Scalable cover 3 is transparent telescopic bellows.Telescopic bellows can with the slip of described endotracheal tube 2 in laryngeal mask conduit 1 the camber line free-extension along himself near-end 1a to far-end 1b, described endotracheal tube 2 is isolated with external environment condition all the time.The far-end 1b of described scalable cover 3 is connected with gas tube 5, and described gas tube 5 far-end 1b is connected with check valve 6.
Endotracheal tube 2 is with development blue line and scale.The position of this development blue line and scale is corresponding with the position of transparent observing window 11, medical worker can observe development blue line and scale by described transparent observing window 11, according to observed to scale value, the relative position of the near-end 1a of the endotracheal tube 2 in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 is judged in the process can changed at laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode, on endotracheal tube, minimum scale is warning red line, be converted in the operation of laryngeal mask airway at endotracheal tube 2, when seeing warning red line at watch window, then show that endotracheal tube 2 has been extracted and has been accommodated in laryngeal mask conduit, conversion completes smoothly.Thus the control realized laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process.
Embodiment 2
As in Figure 2-4, the described built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type is combined breather and is comprised laryngeal mask conduit 1, endotracheal tube 2 and screw seal locking device 4 ＇ with laryngeal mask.
Laryngeal mask conduit 1 has near-end 1a and far-end 1b, endotracheal tube 2 has front end 2a and rear end 2b, the front end 2a of endotracheal tube 2 is inserted in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 through the far-end 1b of described laryngeal mask conduit 1, by promoting the rear end 2b of endotracheal tube 2, endotracheal tube 2 can be free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 along rear end 2b to the camber line that front end 2a extends to form.
Laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall is provided with the burr extended from its near-end 1a to far-end 1b.And the outer wall of described endotracheal tube 2 contacts with the burr on described laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall, thus effectively can reduce the contact area of described laryngeal mask conduit 1 inwall and endotracheal tube 2 outer wall, prevent the bonding between two walls, reduce endotracheal tube 2 frictional force of sliding in laryngeal mask conduit 1 simultaneously, ensure the smooth and easy of between laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process.
Screw seal locking device 4 ＇, comprises the blind nut 4a be sheathed on outside described endotracheal tube, and this blind nut 4a is provided with female thread, is provided with pressing piece 4d in this blind nut 4a; Be sheathed on the software 4c outside described endotracheal tube; And the far-end 1b of laryngeal mask conduit 1, this far-end 1b is formed with external screw thread, and is formed with the space 4b holding described software.
As Fig. 2 extracts association's working state figure when endotracheal tube 2 carries out laryngeal mask airway, Fig. 3 is the working state figure that trachea is inserted into the ventilation of circulation of qi promoting pipe, as shown in Figure 4, the specific implementation of screw seal locking device 4 ＇, turn clockwise fastening blind nut 4a time, guild extrusion soft 4c under pressing piece 4d in blind nut, makes it seal space between laryngeal mask conduit and endotracheal tube, ensures the air-tightness of the breather line of described endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask duct joint breather.Simultaneously, turn clockwise fastening blind nut 4a time, pressing piece 4d in blind nut can make it to center deformation by descending extrusion soft 4c, contacts to produce rub with endotracheal tube 2 tube wall, thus it is fastening to realize compressing, when being rotated counterclockwise fastening blind nut, pressing piece 4d is up, and software 4c then resiles, and software outwards bounces back, do not contact with endotracheal tube 2 tube wall, endotracheal tube 2 can be slided.
Screw seal locking device 4 ＇ can ensure that the air-tightness of the breather line of breather combined by described endotracheal tube 2 with laryngeal mask conduit 1, avoid in laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process and leak air, locking device 4 ＇ can fix the position of endotracheal tube 2 in laryngeal mask conduit 1 simultaneously, improve the ventilation effectiveness after ventilating mode conversion, solve in operation because of laryngeal mask displacement problem when the different position of patient or position variation.
Further, as seen in figs. 5-6, described endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask duct joint breather also comprise the scalable cover 3 be set between the rear end 2b of the endotracheal tube 2 and far-end 1b of laryngeal mask conduit 1, and scalable cover one end is connected with the rear end 2b of endotracheal tube 2, and the other end is connected with blind nut 4a.Thus endotracheal tube 2 can be wrapped up by described laryngeal mask conduit 1 and scalable cover 3 completely, thus in the process changed at laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode, described endotracheal tube 2 can not be exposed to the external world, avoid being subject to environmental pollution, make whole ventilating mode transformation process more safe and effective.
As seen in figs. 5-6, described endotracheal tube 2 is with development blue line and scale.The position of this development blue line and scale is corresponding with the position of described transparent observing window 11, medical worker can observe development blue line and scale by described transparent observing window 11, according to observed to scale value, the relative position of the near-end 1a of the endotracheal tube 2 in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 is judged in the process can changed at laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode, on endotracheal tube, minimum scale is warning red line 7, be converted in the operation of laryngeal mask airway at endotracheal tube 2, when seeing warning red line 7 at watch window, then show that endotracheal tube 2 has been extracted and has been accommodated in laryngeal mask conduit, conversion completes smoothly.Thus the control realized laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode transformation process.
Described scalable cover 3 is transparent telescopic bellows.Described telescopic bellows can with the slip of described endotracheal tube 2 in described laryngeal mask conduit 1 the camber line free-extension along himself near-end 1a to far-end 1b, described endotracheal tube 2 is isolated with external environment condition all the time.The far-end 1b of described scalable cover 3 is connected with gas tube 5, and described gas tube 5 far-end 1b is connected with check valve 6.
In sum, the present invention effectively solves in operation because of laryngeal mask displacement problem when the different position of patient or position variation, and the switching achieved under suitable condition between laryngeal mask conduit 1 ventilating mode and endotracheal tube 2 ventilating mode, reduce dysfunction of ventilation and general anesthesia revive tube drawing process in prevent the problems such as the fluctuation of air flue hypersusceptibility caused by endotracheal tube, hemodynamics and consequent complication.
More than in conjunction with most preferred embodiment, invention has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of above announcement, and should contain various carry out according to essence of the present invention amendment, equivalent combinations.
Claims (10)
1. the built-in endotracheal tube of reversible type combines a breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that comprising:
Laryngeal mask and endotracheal tube, the front end of described endotracheal tube is inserted described laryngeal mask conduit from the far-end of described laryngeal mask conduit, and by promoting the rear end of described endotracheal tube, described endotracheal tube can be free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit; And,
Be located at described endotracheal tube and combine sealing-locking device on breather with laryngeal mask, the air-tightness of described sealing-locking device for keeping described endotracheal tube to combine the breather line of breather with laryngeal mask, and for locking described endotracheal tube.
2. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 1 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described sealing-locking device comprises:
Be set in the scalable cover between the rear end of endotracheal tube and the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit, and the rear end of endotracheal tube is connected and is sealed by this scalable overlapping with the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit; And,
Be arranged on the described scalable pressing clamp device for locking described endotracheal tube put.
3. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 1 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described sealing-locking device is screw seal locking device.
4. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 3 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described screw seal locking device comprises:
Be sheathed on the blind nut outside described endotracheal tube, it is connected with the distal end convolutions of described laryngeal mask conduit, is provided with pressing piece in this blind nut;
Be sheathed on the software outside described endotracheal tube; And,
Be formed at the accommodation space for holding described software of described laryngeal mask distal end of catheter.
5. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 4 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described software is up-narrow and down-wide vertebra shape.
6. as claim 3,4 or 5 arbitrary as described in the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type combine breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: also comprise the scalable cover between rear end and the far-end of laryngeal mask conduit being set in endotracheal tube, described scalable cover one end is connected with the rear end of described endotracheal tube, and the other end is connected with described screw seal locking device.
7. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as described in claim 2 or 6 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described scalable cover is transparent telescopic bellows.
8. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 1 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described laryngeal mask pipe inner wall is provided with the burr from its near-end to its remote extension.
9. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 1 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: the rear end of described endotracheal tube extends to form camber line to its front end, and described endotracheal tube is free to slide in described laryngeal mask conduit along this camber line.
10. the built-in endotracheal tube of a kind of reversible type as claimed in claim 1 combines breather with laryngeal mask, it is characterized in that: described endotracheal tube is the graduated endotracheal tube of band, described laryngeal mask conduit is provided with the transparent observing window of the scale that can read on described endotracheal tube at the position close to its far-end.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410043219.XA CN104800941B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Tracheal catheter built in a kind of reversible type combines air-breather with laryngeal mask |
| PCT/CN2014/077118 WO2015113338A1 (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-09 | Convertible combined ventilation device of built-in endotracheal tube and laryngeal mask |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410043219.XA CN104800941B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Tracheal catheter built in a kind of reversible type combines air-breather with laryngeal mask |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104800941A true CN104800941A (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| CN104800941B CN104800941B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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| CN201410043219.XA Active CN104800941B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | Tracheal catheter built in a kind of reversible type combines air-breather with laryngeal mask |
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| CN111420204A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-17 | 安徽医科大学第一附属医院 | Built-in laryngeal mask catheter and laryngeal mask combined ventilation device for general anesthesia |
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| CN114010895A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-08 | 浙江优亿医疗器械股份有限公司 | Laryngeal mask catheter system and laryngeal mask fitting |
| CN114010896A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-02-08 | 浙江优亿医疗器械股份有限公司 | Laryngeal mask |
| WO2022171181A1 (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2022-08-18 | 邹最 | Exchange guide kit for tracheal catheter and application |
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| CN109589478B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-04-16 | 刘玉昌 | Built-in tracheal catheter laryngeal mask combined ventilation device for general anesthesia |
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| CN111514419B (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2023-08-04 | 李大庆 | Far-end subassembly and have its laryngeal mask main part, laryngeal mask are held to video |
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| CN111407994B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-07-29 | 北京大学第三医院（北京大学第三临床医学院） | Laryngeal mask with telescopic tracheal catheter |
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