CN104796362A - Channel estimation method and system based on time domain training sequence, and antenna - Google Patents
Channel estimation method and system based on time domain training sequence, and antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a channel estimation method based on a time domain training sequence. The channel estimation method is applied to an MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system with F transmitting antennas and S receiving antennas and includes the following steps: S1, sending a to-be-sent signal frame by each transmitting antenna; S2, acquiring a receiving signal frame by each receiving antenna, acquiring non-interference vector according to a receiving time domain training sequence of continuous receiving signal frames in preset number, and building a measuring matrix; S3, building an observing matrix according to a to-be-sent time domain training sequence; S4, according to the measuring matrix and the observing matrix, combining space and time relevance of a sparse MIMO channel with a structured compression sensing algorithm to acquire estimation information of impulse response of F channels corresponding to the transmitting antennas in a one-to-one manner. The channel estimation method has the advantages of low cost, high frequency spectrum efficiency and high estimation accuracy. The invention further provides a channel estimation system based on the time domain training sequence and an antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence and system, antenna.
Background technology
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, and multiple-input and multiple-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output OFDM), MIMO) technology is due to its outstanding anti-channel fading ability and spectral efficient, be considered to two Main physical layer technology of Next-Generation Wireless Communication Systems, receive the extensive concern from academia and industrial quarters.MIMO-OFDM technology also becomes the mainstream technology that many existing wireless communications standards adopt, and this is comprising IEEE 802.11ac/ad, WiMax, 3GPP LTE etc.
In MIMO-OFDM system, accurately channel condition information be channel precoding (Channel Pre-coding), beam forming (Beamforming), empty time decoding (Space-time Decoding), space-frequency decoding (Space-frequencyDecoding) provides necessary information, is the important prerequisite ensureing systematic function.Channel estimation methods in traditional MIMO-OFDM system can be divided into two classes: frequency domain estimation method and time domain method of estimation.Frequency domain estimation method utilizes the pilot tone of frequency division multiplexing (also known as orthogonal guide frequency) channel estimation problems in mimo system can be converted into channel estimation problems in simple single-input single-output (Single Input Single Output, SISO) system.Time domain method of estimation utilizes targeting sequencing to carry out channel estimating, utilizes all subcarriers, can provide more reliable estimated result slow change in channel.
But based on the frequency domain channel estimation method of pilot tone in MIMO-OFDM system, required pilot tone linearly can increase along with the increase of antenna number, for the extensive mimo system that future antenna data are huge, the pilot-frequency expense of system can be very large, and spectrum efficiency is extremely low.Based on the time-domain channel estimating method of targeting sequencing, when becoming during channel in extensive mimo system, targeting sequencing must frequently insert in a large number, finally causes the expense of targeting sequencing huge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve one of technical problem in correlation technique at least to a certain extent.For this reason, a first aspect of the present invention object be to propose that a kind of expense is low, estimated accuracy and the high channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence of spectrum efficiency.
Second aspect present invention object is to propose a kind of channel estimation system based on time-domain training sequence.
Third aspect present invention object is to propose a kind of antenna.
To achieve these goals, first aspect present invention embodiment proposes a kind of channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence, comprise the following steps: S1, transmitting antenna sends signal frame to be sent respectively, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent; S2, reception antenna obtains Received signal strength frame, and obtain noiseless vector according to the reception time-domain training sequence of the described Received signal strength frame of continuous predetermined number, build calculation matrix, described Received signal strength frame is the signal frame described to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that described transmitting antenna that described reception antenna receives sends; S3, according to described time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix; S4, according to described calculation matrix and described observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of described F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
According to the channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence of the embodiment of the present invention, the noiseless vector in nonopiate time-domain training sequence is utilized to build calculation matrix, and utilize observing matrix in conjunction with the room and time correlation of sparse mimo channel and structuring compressed sensing algorithm, obtain the estimation of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.Channel estimation methods of the present invention can reduce training sequence expense greatly, has the feature such as spectral efficient and high estimated accuracy.
In some instances, described time-domain training sequence to be sent comprises m sequence and meets the sequence of equiprobability binomial distribution.
In some instances, described noiseless vector is obtained according to described channel and described reception time-domain training sequence.
In some instances, the submatrix that described observing matrix is made up of the time-domain training sequence to be sent that F transmitting antenna is corresponding is formed.
Second aspect present invention embodiment proposes a kind of channel estimation system based on time-domain training sequence, be applied to the mimo system of a F transmitting antenna S reception antenna, comprise: receiver module, for obtaining Received signal strength frame, described Received signal strength frame is the signal frame to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that described transmitting antenna that described reception antenna receives sends, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent; Calculation matrix builds module, and the reception time-domain training sequence for the described Received signal strength frame according to continuous predetermined number obtains noiseless vector, builds calculation matrix; Observing matrix builds module, for according to described time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix; Estimation module, for according to described calculation matrix and described observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of described F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
According to the channel estimation system based on time-domain training sequence of the embodiment of the present invention, the noiseless vector in nonopiate time-domain training sequence is utilized to build calculation matrix, and utilize observing matrix in conjunction with the room and time correlation of sparse mimo channel and structuring compressed sensing algorithm, the estimation obtaining F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one believes that channel estimation system of the present invention can reduce training sequence expense greatly, has the feature such as spectral efficient and high estimated accuracy.
In some instances, described time-domain training sequence to be sent comprises m sequence and meets the sequence of equiprobability binomial distribution.
In some instances, described noiseless vector is obtained according to described channel and described reception time-domain training sequence.
In some instances, the submatrix that described observing matrix is made up of the time-domain training sequence to be sent that F transmitting antenna is corresponding is formed.
Third aspect present invention embodiment proposes a kind of antenna, comprises as above based on the channel estimation system of time-domain training sequence.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on the flow chart of the channel estimation methods of time-domain training sequence;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first signal frame of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the noiseless area schematic of one embodiment of the invention; With
Fig. 4 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on the structured flowchart of the channel estimation system of time-domain training sequence.
Embodiment
In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axis ", " radial direction ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " circumference " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, be limited with " first ", the feature of " second " can express or impliedly comprise at least one this feature.In describing the invention, the implication of " multiple " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or integral; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary indirect contact.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be fisrt feature immediately below second feature or tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
Be described below in detail embodiments of the invention, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, be intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not limitation of the present invention be interpreted as.
See Fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention based on the channel estimation methods of time-domain training sequence flow chart shown in, the channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence of first aspect present invention embodiment, comprises the following steps:
S1, transmitting antenna sends signal frame to be sent respectively, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent;
S2, reception antenna obtains Received signal strength frame, and obtain noiseless vector according to the reception time-domain training sequence of the Received signal strength frame of continuous predetermined number, build calculation matrix, Received signal strength frame is the signal frame to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that transmitting antenna that reception antenna receives sends;
S3, according to time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix;
S4, according to calculation matrix and observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
The specific implementation process of the channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows:
Step S1, transmitting antenna sends signal frame to be sent respectively, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent.
As shown in the frame structure schematic diagram of the signal frame to be sent of Fig. 2, signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent.
In one embodiment of the invention, the time-domain training sequence to be sent that F the signal frame to be sent sent respectively for all F transmitting antenna is corresponding is different, and for p (1≤p≤F) transmitting antenna, time-domain training sequence to be sent is designated as
The m sequence of time-domain training sequence to be sent can be a segment length be M.Such as, the time-domain training sequence for p transmitting antenna is
Wherein c=[c
0, c
1..., c
m-1]
t.Time-domain training sequence to be sent also can be the length meeting equiprobability (+1 ,-1) binomial distribution is the sequence of M.
Such as, for the mimo system with 32 transmitting antennas and 16 reception antennas, for p (1≤p≤32) transmitting antenna, its signal frame to be sent sent is the time-domain training sequence to be sent of M=256 by length
form with data to be sent.This time-domain training sequence to be sent can be expressed as
Wherein c=[c
0, c
1..., c
m-1]
tthe m sequence of to be a segment length be M=256.
Step S2, reception antenna obtains Received signal strength frame, and obtains noiseless vector according to the reception time-domain training sequence of the Received signal strength frame of continuous predetermined number, builds calculation matrix, and Received signal strength frame is the signal frame to be sent of the transmitting antenna transmission that reception antenna receives.
Concrete, noiseless vector refers to the time-domain training sequence not being subject to channel effect received.Noiseless vector is obtained in one embodiment of the invention according to channel and reception time-domain training sequence.Namely for the reception time-domain training sequence of length to be the channel of L and length be M, rear M-L+1 symbol of it is noiseless vector the is time-domain training sequence received, as shown in Figure 3.
In an example of the present invention, the calculation matrix Y that the noiseless vector receiving time-domain training sequence by 4 that receive continuously forms.
Step S3, according to time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix.
Concrete, the submatrix that observing matrix Φ is made up of the time-domain training sequence of F transmitting antenna is formed.The submatrix Β be such as made up of the time-domain training sequence of 32 transmitting antennas
(p)form, i.e. Φ=[Β
(1), Β
(2)..., Β
(F)], wherein
it is the matrix that the time-domain training sequence to be sent of p (1≤p≤32) transmitting antenna is formed.
Step S4, according to calculation matrix and observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
Concrete, the estimation of channel impulse response can be equivalent to the problem solving Y=Φ H, utilizes the room and time correlation of sparse mimo channel, structure based compressed sensing Algorithm for Solving channel impulse response matrix H.
Such as, channel impulse response matrix H to be asked is made up of the channel impulse response vector that company's 32 transmitting antennas are corresponding, H=[h
i, h
i+1..., h
i+R-1], wherein
it is the channel impulse response that the i-th frame 32 transmitting antennas are corresponding
the vector formed.
According to the channel estimation methods based on time-domain training sequence of the embodiment of the present invention, the noiseless vector in nonopiate time-domain training sequence is utilized to build calculation matrix, and utilize observing matrix in conjunction with the room and time correlation of sparse mimo channel and structuring compressed sensing algorithm, obtain the estimation of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.Channel estimation methods of the present invention can reduce training sequence expense greatly, has the feature such as spectral efficient and high estimated accuracy.
The channel estimation system 100 based on time-domain training sequence of second aspect present invention embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, comprising: receiver module 101, calculation matrix build module 102, observing matrix builds module 103 and estimation module 104.
Receiver module 101 is for obtaining Received signal strength frame, and Received signal strength frame is the signal frame to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that transmitting antenna that reception antenna receives sends, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent.Calculation matrix structure module 102 obtains noiseless vector for the reception time-domain training sequence of the Received signal strength frame according to continuous predetermined number, builds calculation matrix.Observing matrix builds module 103 for according to time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix.Estimation module 104, for according to calculation matrix and observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
It should be noted that, the specific implementation of the specific implementation of the system 100 of second aspect present invention embodiment and the method part of first aspect embodiment is similar, refers to the description of method part, in order to reduce redundancy, does not repeat herein.
According to the channel estimation system based on time-domain training sequence of the embodiment of the present invention, the noiseless vector in nonopiate time-domain training sequence is utilized to build calculation matrix, and utilize observing matrix in conjunction with the room and time correlation of sparse mimo channel and structuring compressed sensing algorithm, obtain the estimation of F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.Channel estimation system of the present invention can reduce training sequence expense greatly, has the feature such as spectral efficient and high estimated accuracy.
Third aspect present invention embodiment proposes a kind of antenna, comprise as above based on the channel estimation system 100 of time-domain training sequence, particular content, refers to the description of system 100 part of second aspect present invention embodiment, in order to reduce redundancy, do not repeat herein.
According to the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, the impulse response of the channel that transmitting antenna is corresponding can be estimated accurately, can realize carrying out integrated restoration to the channel in multiple transmitting antenna and multiple signal frame.
It should be noted that, the antenna of third aspect present invention embodiment, except the system 100 comprising second aspect present invention embodiment, also comprise the part of other necessity.The part of these other necessity is that those of ordinary skill in the art are easily known, in order to reduce redundancy, does not repeat herein.
In the description of this specification, specific features, structure, material or feature that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to describe in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not must for be identical embodiment or example.And the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can combine in one or more embodiment in office or example in an appropriate manner.In addition, when not conflicting, the feature of the different embodiment described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can carry out combining and combining by those skilled in the art.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention above, be understandable that, above-described embodiment is exemplary, can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can change above-described embodiment within the scope of the invention, revises, replace and modification.
Claims (9)
1., based on a channel estimation methods for time-domain training sequence, be applied to the mimo system of a F transmitting antenna S reception antenna, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1, transmitting antenna sends signal frame to be sent respectively, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent;
S2, reception antenna obtains Received signal strength frame, and obtain noiseless vector according to the reception time-domain training sequence of the described Received signal strength frame of continuous predetermined number, build calculation matrix, described Received signal strength frame is the signal frame described to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that described transmitting antenna that described reception antenna receives sends;
S3, according to described time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix;
S4, according to described calculation matrix and described observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of described F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described time-domain training sequence to be sent comprises m sequence and meets the sequence of equiprobability binomial distribution.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, obtains described noiseless vector according to described channel and described reception time-domain training sequence.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the submatrix that described observing matrix is made up of the time-domain training sequence to be sent that F transmitting antenna is corresponding is formed.
5., based on a channel estimation system for time-domain training sequence, be applied to the mimo system of a F transmitting antenna S reception antenna, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Receiver module, for obtaining Received signal strength frame, described Received signal strength frame is the signal frame described to be sent through fading channel and noise jamming that described transmitting antenna that described reception antenna receives sends, and signal frame to be sent comprises time-domain training sequence to be sent and data to be sent;
Calculation matrix builds module, and the reception time-domain training sequence for the described Received signal strength frame according to continuous predetermined number obtains noiseless vector, builds calculation matrix;
Observing matrix builds module, for according to described time-domain training sequence to be sent, builds observing matrix;
Estimation module, for according to described calculation matrix and described observing matrix, in conjunction with room and time correlation and the structuring compressed sensing algorithm of sparse mimo channel, obtains the estimated information of described F transmitting antenna F channel impulse response one to one.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described time-domain training sequence to be sent comprises m sequence and meets the sequence of equiprobability binomial distribution.
7. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, obtains described noiseless vector according to described channel and described reception time-domain training sequence.
8. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the submatrix that described observing matrix is made up of the time-domain training sequence to be sent that F transmitting antenna is corresponding is formed.
9. an antenna, is characterized in that, comprises the channel estimation system based on time-domain training sequence as described in claim 5 ~ 8.
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