CN104796170A

CN104796170A - Transceiver device and method for generating compensation signal

Info

Publication number: CN104796170A
Application number: CN201410858431.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: P·诺伊斯特; G·钱塞
Original assignee: Intel IP Corp
Current assignee: Apple Inc
Priority date: 2013-12-23
Filing date: 2014-11-21
Publication date: 2015-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-21
Also published as: US20150180685A1; CN104796170B; DE102013114797B4; DE102013114797A1; US9680671B2

Abstract

A transceiver device 100 includes a transmit path module 110, a receive path module 120 and a compensation signal generator module 130. The transmit path module 110 generates a high frequency transmit signal 112 based on a baseband transmit signal. The receive path module 120 generates a baseband receive signal 122 based on a received high frequency receive signal 114. Further, the compensation signal generator module 130 generates a compensation signal 132 comprising at least one signal portion with a frequency equal to a frequency of an undesired signal portion of the baseband receive signal 122 caused by an undesired signal portion within the high frequency transmit signal 112 comprising a frequency equal to an integer multiple larger than 1 of a transmit frequency of the high frequency transmit signal 112.

Description

Generate method and the receiver equipment thereof of compensating signal

Technical field

The disclosure relates to the unwanted signal part reduced in Received signal strength, and relates to the method and receiver equipment thereof that generate compensating signal particularly.

Background technology

When transceiver sends at the same time with Received signal strength, usually face problem Received signal strength being demoted due to the unexpected impact from transmit path.Such as, Received signal strength may comprise the unexpected harmonic signal caused by the signal transacting in transmit path.Such as, to send and in receiving system in (as third generation partner program 3GPP carrier aggregation) at multi-band RF, the situation that the triple-frequency harmonics of transmission signal Tx directly falls into Received signal strength Rx frequency band can cause the decline of receiver susceptivity.Expect the impact that the harmonic wave caused in reduction transmit path causes to received signal and/or improve receiver susceptivity.

Summary of the invention

Expect the concept of the transceiver providing a kind of receiver susceptivity to be improved.

This expectation can meet according to the transceiver of claim 1 or 41, the mobile device according to claim 43, the cell phone according to claim 44 or the method according to claim 45.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below by only as an example and carry out the example of tracing device and/or method with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein

Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of receiver equipment thereof;

Fig. 2 illustrates that another has the block diagram of the receiver equipment thereof of compensating module and Anneta module;

Fig. 3 illustrates the signal explanation not compensating baseband receiving signals;

Fig. 4 illustrates the detailed diagram of receiver equipment thereof;

Fig. 5 illustrates the block diagram of the Anneta module of transceiver;

Fig. 6 illustrates the simulation result of harmonic signal part in Received signal strength;

Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of mobile device; And

Fig. 8 illustrates the flow chart of the method generating compensating signal.

Embodiment

Referring now to the accompanying drawing wherein illustrating some examples, various example is more fully described.In the accompanying drawings, in order to clear, be exaggerated the thickness in line, layer and/or region.

Therefore, although example can have various amendment and replacement form, in the accompanying drawings be illustrated examples and the illustrated examples that will describe in detail in accompanying drawing here.It is to be understood, however, that be not intended to example to be defined as particular forms disclosed, by contrast, example should cover all modifications fallen within the scope of the disclosure, equivalent and substitute.The description that like reference numerals runs through accompanying drawing refers to similar or similar elements.

It should be understood that when element be called as " to be connected " with another element or " coupling " time, it can directly be connected with other elements or be coupled, or also can there is intermediary element.On the contrary, when element be called as " to be directly connected " with another element or " direct-coupling " time, there is not intermediary element.Other be used for describing wording of relation between element should explain in a similar manner (such as " and between " compared to " directly ", " adjacent " compared to " direct neighbor " etc.).

Here the object of term used is only describe illustrated examples, instead of intention limits.As used herein, singulative " (a and an) " and " being somebody's turn to do " are also intended to comprise plural form, unless context clearly refers else.What will be further understood that is, when being used in here, the feature that term " comprises ", " comprising " and/or " containing " specifies existence to state, integer, step, operation, element and/or assembly, but do not get rid of existence or additional other features one or more, integer, step, operation, element, assembly and/or its group.

Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all terms used here (comprising technology or scientific terminology) have the identical implication usually understood with the those of ordinary skill in the field belonging to example.To be understood that further, those the term defined in such as universaling dictionary should be interpreted as having the consistent implication of implication with it in the context of association area, and by not making an explanation in idealized or too formal meaning, unless limited so clearly here.

Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of the receiver equipment thereof 100 according to example.Receiver equipment thereof 100 comprises transmit path module 110, RX path module 120 and compensating signal maker module 130.Transmit path module 110 generates the high-frequency transmit signal 112 comprising frequency component based on baseband transmit signals.RX path module 120 generates baseband receiving signals 122 based on received high-frequency received signal 114.In addition, by the Nonlinear harmonic oscillator to baseband transmit signals, compensating signal maker module 130 generates compensating signal 132.Compensating signal at least comprises the signal section of the harmonic wave (such as integral multiple) of the frequency component of high-frequency transmit signal, the channel width of its interference RX path module.In other words, compensating signal maker module 130 generates compensating signal 132, compensating signal 132 at least comprises the signal section of the frequency with the unwanted signal part equaling baseband receiving signals 122, the unwanted signal part of baseband receiving signals 122 is caused by the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal 112, and the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal 112 comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal 122.In addition, compensating signal maker 130 can be configured to generate compensating signal 132 based on to the Nonlinear harmonic oscillator of baseband transmit signals 102.

By generating compensating signal, can compensate unexpected harmonic signal part in baseband receiving signals 122 at least partially based on compensating signal 132, described compensating signal comprises the signal section corresponding with the unwanted signal part in the baseband receiving signals 122 that the unexpected harmonic signal part in high-frequency transmit signal 112 causes.In this way, the susceptibility of the RX path of receiver equipment thereof 100 can be improved.

Transmit path module 110 at least can comprise up-converter module (such as comprising frequency mixer and/or radio frequency digital to analog converter), for by baseband transmit signals 102 from base band domain (such as below 500MHz) up-conversion to radio frequency domains (such as 500MHz to 50GHz) to generate high-frequency transmit signal 112.In addition, transmit path module 110 comprises other signal processing module (such as power amplifier, filter, digital to analog converter and/or up-sampling module).

RX path module 120 at least can comprise down conversion module (such as comprising frequency mixer and/or radio frequency analogue-digital transducer), for high-frequency received signal 114 is downconverted to base band domain to generate baseband receiving signals 122 from radio frequency domains.Such as, RX path module 120 can comprise one or more other signal processing module (such as low noise amplifier, analog to digital converter, filter and/or down sample module), for the treatment of high-frequency received signal and/or baseband receiving signals 122.

Receiver equipment thereof 100 maybe can be able to be connected with inner or external baseband processor model calling, and/or can receive the baseband receiving signals of compensation, and this base band processor module provides baseband transmit signals 102.In addition, transceiver apparatus 100 maybe can be able to be connected with inner or exterior antenna model calling, and this Anneta module sends high-frequency transmit signal 112 and/or receives high-frequency received signal 114.Such as, receiver equipment thereof 100 can send high-frequency transmit signal 112 simultaneously and receive high-frequency received signal 114.

Such as, although high-frequency transmit signal 112 and high-frequency received signal 114 can be arranged in different frequency frequency band, the harmonic signal part caused by the signal transacting in transmit path may cause owing to the corresponding signal section in the frequency acceptance band of parasitic couplings, crosstalk and/or reflection.Unexpected harmonic signal part may be the signal section being greater than the integral multiple of that frequency equals the frequency of desired signal part.Signal section can be a part for the signal with the bandwidth larger than signal section self, or signal section can by carrying out filtering to obtain to the signal had compared with large bandwidth.

Compensating signal 132 at least comprises the signal section of the harmonic wave (such as integral multiple) of the frequency component of high-frequency transmit signal, the channel width of its interference RX path module.Such as, the channel width of the frequency component interference RX path module of high-frequency transmit signal, if frequency is in the receiver bandwidth of the receiver section of receiver equipment thereof 100.

Such as, compensating signal 132 at least comprises the signal section corresponding with the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals 122 caused by the unexpected harmonic signal part in high-frequency transmit signal 112.In addition, compensating signal 132 can comprise more than one signal section, and the frequency of these signal sections equals the different frequency of the unwanted signal part (or having the signal section of multiple frequency or multiple frequency band) of the baseband receiving signals 122 caused by the unexpected harmonic signal of the difference in high-frequency transmit signal 112 part.

Such as, the transmission frequency of high-frequency transmit signal can be the carrier frequency of high-frequency transmit signal 112, or the frequency of local oscillator signals, and this local oscillator signals is used for baseband transmit signals 102 up-conversion to radio frequency domains.

Compensating signal maker module 130 can generate compensating signal 132 based on baseband transmit signals 102.Based on baseband transmit signals 102, the generation of the unexpected harmonic signal part caused during can being reproduced in the process of the transmission signal in transmit path.For this reason, compensating signal maker module 130 baseband signal that can process baseband transmit signals 102 or obtain from baseband transmit signals 102.In this way, high-precision compensating signal can be provided.

Such as, compensating signal maker module 130 can generate compensating signal 132, for offsetting in RX path module or compensating the unexpected harmonic signal that caused by transmit path module at least partially.The frequency of unexpected harmonic signal be the frequency of high-frequency transmit signal be greater than one integral multiple, and at least can cover a part for received high-frequency received signal.Such as, compensating signal maker module comprises the nonlinear distortion of baseband transmit signals.

Compensating signal 132 analog signal or digital signal, and compensating signal maker module 130 can be analog module at least in part can be maybe digital signal processing module.Such as, compensating signal maker module 130 can be in the numeric field of transceiver module 100 completely, and compensating signal 132 can be digital signal.In this way, compensating signal maker module 130 can be realized with low work quantity (effort) and/or low-power consumption.

Compensating signal 132 can be used for a part for the unwanted signal part at least compensated in baseband receiving signals 122.Such as, receiver equipment thereof 100 comprises compensating module, this compensating module generates the baseband receiving signals compensated based on compensating signal 132 and baseband signal, this baseband signal comprises the information (such as baseband receiving signals self or the baseband signal that obtains from baseband receiving signals) about baseband receiving signals.Compensating module can combined compensation signal 132 and baseband signal in many ways, and this baseband signal comprises the information about baseband receiving signals.Such as, compensating module can deduct compensating signal 132 from comprising about the baseband signal of the information of baseband receiving signals 122.In this way, the unwanted signal part caused by the unexpected harmonic signal part of high-frequency transmit signal 112 can be reduced.

Such as, about signal transacting direction, before the narrowest low pass filter (such as low-pass filtering module) that compensating module can be arranged in RX path.Such as, the signal transacting direction of RX path, through RX path module, extends to base band processor module from Anneta module.In this way, such as, for the generation of compensating signal 132, can avoid copying or the frequency response of the narrowest filter in reproducing received path.

According to one side, compensating signal maker module is configured to, and the frequency shift (FS) based on the baseband signal being applied to the information comprised about baseband transmit signals generates compensating signal.

In some cases (such as wherein RX frequency is just in time TX frequency 5 times (or other integral multiples)), frequency shift (FS) can not necessarily, but frequency shift (FS) may be necessary in other cases.

According to one side, compensating signal maker module is configured to generate compensating signal, and the phase place of this compensating signal corresponds to the phase multiplication of baseband transmit signals with the integer being greater than 1.

The phase relation that can obtain by making original phase triplication (such as, integer=3) may have more generality than making frequency triplication (its subsequently can again by copped wave).Although pass filter is except some components, phase place can have this general relation, and this relation also may not be the relation of accurate 1: n.

In order to compensate nth harmonic, phase place can be pushed into n doubly (n-fold), and amplitude can have the two all with A^N and component that more high-order moment is proportional.Therefore, phase place can be followed the tracks of than being easier to.

Fig. 2 illustrates the block diagram of the receiver equipment thereof 200 according to example.The realization of receiver equipment thereof 200 is similar to the realization shown in Fig. 1.Compensating signal maker module 130 is digital signal processing modules, and compensating signal 132 is digital signals.Baseband transmit signals Tx-BB 102 is supplied to transmitter Tx path and compensating signal maker module 130.Transmit path module 110 exports PAout by power amplifier and provides high-frequency transmit signal Tx-RF 112 to Anneta module 250, and high-frequency transmit signal Tx-RF 112 is analog signals.Such as, Anneta module comprises front end, and this front end comprises one or more antenna and one or more filter.Anneta module 250 provides high-frequency received signal Rx-RF 114 to the low noise amplifier input LNAin of RX path module 120, and high-frequency received signal Rx-RF 114 is analog signals.Receiver Rx path provides baseband receiving signals 122 to compensating module 240.Such as, compensating signal maker module 130 with under the help of linear distortion, generates the compensating signal 132 (N represents the integral multiple being greater than 1) comprising N subharmonic digital copies non-linear.Compensating module 240 deducts digital compensation signal 132 to generate the digital baseband received signal Rx-BB 242 compensated from baseband receiving signals 122.

Fig. 2 shows the principle or very rough block diagram presentation that generate N subharmonic.Such as, when triple-frequency harmonics, N=3.Such as, Fig. 2 can illustrate transceiver, and this transceiver has the digital cancellation to transmitter Tx harmonic wave in receiver Rx side.Such as, Tx-RF can be that simulation sends radio frequency analog signal, and Rx-RF can be simulation received RF analog signal, PAout can be that power amplifier exports, LNAin can be low noise amplifier input, and Tx-BB sends baseband signal, and Rx-BB can be receiving baseband signal.

The concept propose combination or one or more above-mentioned examples (such as Fig. 1) explain more details and aspect.In other words, receiver equipment thereof 200 can comprise one or more additional, optional features, and these features correspond to and combine the concept that proposes or the one or more aspects described by one or more above-mentioned example.

Fig. 3 illustrates the diagram of the spectral density figure of the transmission signal harmonic of interference Received signal strength.Such as, the radio frequency transmit signal Tx-RF triple-frequency harmonics overlap of the receiver Rx channel expected can be relevant with distributed channel, channel width and/or Resource Block.The part falling into receiver Rx channel filter bandwidth of transmitter Tx triple-frequency harmonics frequency spectrum can only be seen at base band BB place.This is shown in Figure 3, its instruction transmitter Tx frequency band XX, and triple-frequency harmonics H3 and the receiver Rx frequency band YY of transmitter Tx frequency band XX partly overlap, and at application receiver channel low pass filter H _rx(ω), after, the signal section of the triple-frequency harmonics H3 of receiver Rx frequency band YY and transmitter Tx frequency band XX is retained, receiver channel low pass filter H _rx(ω) can be the part of RX path module 120.Such as, the point that the response of this receiver Rx low pass filter can be offset prior to the application in receiver Rx chain or compensate, and the copy that can be applied to triple-frequency harmonics before the counteracting of transmitter Tx triple-frequency harmonics in and received signal relevant to the transmitter Tx triple-frequency harmonics in received signal.

Harmonic wave may generate in the multiple assemblies in front end.Such as, except nonlinear power amplifier PA, in switch (antenna sending/receiving T/R and antenna tuner), also may there is significant harmonic generation, and reach less degree in filter and connector.Therefore, multiple harmonic source and path can be considered.Such as, in counteracting or compensation side, this is solved by using sef-adapting filter.

Fig. 4 illustrates the block diagram of the transceiver module 400 according to example.The realization of transceiver module 400 is similar to the realization shown in Fig. 1 or 2.Transceiver module comprises transmit path module 110, RX path module 120 and compensating signal maker 130.

Transmit path module 110 receives baseband transmit signals Tx-BB (in the phase-modulation baseband transmit signals such as in quadrature phase) in input, and provides high-frequency transmit signal 112 (such as simulating transmitting machine Tx radio frequency rf signal) in output to Anneta module (such as transmitter Tx filter, switch and antenna).Transmit path module 110 comprises the channel model module 410 to baseband transmit signals 102 filtering, and the phase place IQ baseband transmit signals through filtering being supplied to quadrature phase is to polarization conversion and up-sampling module 412 and polar modulator or directly modulation device module 414.Baseband transmit signals through filtering is converted to polarization modulation baseband transmit signals to polarization conversion and up-sampling module 412 and carries out up-sampling to this polarization modulation baseband transmit signals by the phase place of quadrature phase.Polarization modulation baseband transmit signals through up-sampling is provided to the harmonic generation device module 430 of polar modulator module 414 and compensating signal maker module 130.Alternately, can bypass polarization conversion module 412, and direct I/Q modulator 414 can be used.The phase modulated transmit signal of polar modulator or directly I/Q modulator module 414 pairs of polarization modulation baseband transmit signals or quadrature phase carries out up-conversion to generate high-frequency transmit signal.Power amplifier PA module 416 amplifies the high-frequency transmit signal 112 that the transmission signal through up-conversion provides with the output being created on transmit path module 110.

The high-frequency received signal 114 that RX path module 120 receives from Anneta module (such as antenna, switch and receiver Rx filter) in input (such as, analog receiver Rx radio frequency rf signal), and the baseband receiving signals Rx-BB of the compensation through filtering is provided in output.High-frequency received signal 114 by low noise amplifier LNA/ frequency converter/analog-to-digital conversion ADC module 420 (such as, comprise low noise amplifier, frequency-variable module and analog to digital converter) be exaggerated, downconvert to base band domain and analog-to-digital conversion, result produces the phase place I/Q baseband receiving signals of digital quadrature phase.In addition, eliminate by DC cancellation module 422 or reduce the direct current DC part in the baseband receiving signals after down-conversion.Filtering is carried out by the phase base-band Received signal strength of low pass filter LP A 424 pairs of digital quadrature phase.Baseband receiving signals through low-pass filtering is supplied to the evaluator module 450 of compensating signal maker module 130, and is supplied to down sample module 428 (down-sampler B).The sample rate that down sample module 428 reduces through the baseband receiving signals of filtering will by the baseband receiving signals 122 of compensating signal 132 adaptation to generate.Baseband receiving signals 122 is provided to compensating module 240.Compensating module 240 deducts compensating signal 132 to generate the baseband receiving signals 242 compensated from baseband receiving signals 122.The baseband receiving signals 242 of compensation is supplied to low pass LP channel model 428 to generate the baseband receiving signals Rx-BB through the compensation of filtering.In addition, error signal e can be determined based on the baseband receiving signals 242 (such as passing through root mean square algorithm) compensated, and error signal e can be supplied to the evaluator module 450 of compensating signal maker module 130.

Between transmit path and RX path, the parasitic couplings of the N subharmonic caused owing to isolating deficiency may be there is.

Baseband transmit signals TX-BB can be provided from base band processor module, and the baseband receiving signals Rx-BB of the compensation through filtering can be supplied to base band processor module and be used for further process.

Compensating signal maker module 130 receiving polarization modulating baseband sends range signal 402 and the phase signal 404 of signal, receive through the phase base-band Received signal strength of the digital quadrature phase of filtering as receiver Rx measuring-signal, receive error signal and the transceiver state signal comprising the information about transceiver state, and the signal 132 that affords redress.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker 130 generates compensating signal 132 based on baseband transmit signals 102 (such as baseband transmit signals self or the baseband signal that obtains from baseband transmit signals).

The baseband transmit signals being supplied to compensating signal maker module 130 is the polarization modulation baseband transmit signals with range signal 402 and phase signal 404.In some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 comprises harmonic generation device module 430, and this harmonic generation device module 430 generates harmonic generation device output signal (such as compensating signal or the signal for generating compensating signal) based on polarization modulation baseband transmit signals.Such as, harmonic generation device module 430 (such as base band BB harmonic wave copy generates) obtains the amplitude and the harmonic spectrum of phase information also desired by generation that send base band Tx-BB signal, provides frequency and/or phase deviation alternatively simultaneously.For polar transmitter Tx framework, directly amplitude and phase signal can be obtained from signal path.For quadrature transmitter Tx framework, the interpolation of CORDIC (telegon rotation digital computer algorithm) can provide polarized signal.Such as, by utilizing this polarized signal (amplitude and phase place), the low-complexity method for having the harmonic generation that optional integrated frequency shift (FS) changes can be realized.

The phase path of harmonic generation device module 430 generates the harmonic phase that rank are N (being greater than the integral multiple of 1).It comprises N times of multiplier (such as, if N=3, when triple-frequency harmonics, input phase is multiplied by 3).More generally say, in some instances, harmonic generation device module 430 can comprise multiplication module 432, and this multiplication module 432 to be multiplied with integer multiple N for the phase signal 404 based on polarization modulation baseband transmit signals and to generate multiplier output signal.

In addition, harmonic generation device module 430 comprises slope/offset adder to apply predetermined frequency offset or phase ramp (Δ w=Δ phi/ Δ t) and the phase deviation (such as so that compensating signal and receiver Rx signal are carried out phase alignment) through assessment.More generally say, in some instances, harmonic generation device module 430 comprises adder Module 434, this adder Module 434, based on multiplier output signal or the phase signal 404 of polarization modulation baseband transmit signals and being added of shifted signal, generates adder output signal (such as ω * t+phi).Such as, shifted signal can be the frequency offset signals of the information comprised about frequency shift (FS).If there is skew between RF receive frequency fRx (such as 114) and the integral multiple N*fTx (example 112) of RF transmission frequency, this frequency shift (FS) can be realized, and this frequency shift (FS) can be calculated according to following:

w＝2*pi*(N*fTx-fRx)

The transmitter Tx that foundation is distributed and receiver Rx frequency band, channel frequency, the Resource Block distributed and/or arbitrary applied radiofrequency local oscillator RFLO are (such as, such as automatic frequency control AFC) frequency shift (FS), can make a reservation for or calculate this frequency shift (FS).Phase shift can be provided from the assessment algorithm (such as evaluator module uses) based on lowest mean square LMS.

The amplitude path of harmonic generation device module 430 or amplitude section generate harmonic amplitude spectrum.Such as, in the drawings (Fig. 4), amplitude by second nonlinear distortion with realize when having rational behavior better accuracy harmonic spectrum generate (such as, represent triple-frequency harmonics three rank single-order or more high-order also can be possible).More generally say, in some instances, harmonic generation device module 430 comprises amplitude adapted module 436, and this amplitude adapted module 436, based on the range signal 402 of polarization modulation baseband transmit signals and at least one amplitude adapted parameter signal, generates amplitude adapted output signal.Amplitude adapted parameter signal can comprise the information about non-linear (amplitude) distortion.Such as, amplitude adapted parameter signal can comprise amplitude adapted parameter cN.

Coefficient can provide from the assessment algorithm (being used by evaluator module) based on lowest mean square LMS, or solves from the least square equation according to following application and provide:

c _N*A ^N+c _N+2*A ^N+2

Or as the example for triple-frequency harmonics:

c ₃*A ³+c ₅*A ⁵

The polarization modulation baseband signal as a result comprising amplitude adapted output signal and adder output signal can be used as compensating signal or can be further processed in polarization modulation territory.Alternatively, as shown in Figure 4, in the output of harmonic generation device module 430, polarization harmonic signal is converted to the complex signal in the phase place I/Q signal of quadrature phase.More generally say, in some instances, harmonic generation device module 430 comprises coordinate transferring (polarization to the phase place of quadrature phase), and this coordinate transferring is the phase-modulation baseband transmit signals (comprising harmonic signal part) of generating orthogonal phase place based on amplitude adapted output signal and multiplier output signal or adder output signal.

Replaceable harmonic spectrum as shown in Figure 4 generates ground, based on the baseband transmit signals of the phase-modulation baseband transmit signals as quadrature phase, can realize similar harmonic spectrum and generate.In this case, harmonic generation device module at least based on determining that the phase-modulation baseband transmit signals of quadrature phase is the power (three of such as triple-frequency harmonics) of integral multiple, can generate harmonic generation device output signal.In addition, such as, before carrying out down-conversion in cube (or square or any suitable power) with appropriate frequency skew, can by least half channel width BW by transmitter Tx reference signal up-conversion to real domain.In other words, in addition such as, can carry out alternatively to the frequency upconversion of at least half channel width and frequency shift (FS).

In both of these case, the phase-modulation baseband transmit signals comprising the quadrature phase of harmonic signal part represents harmonic generation device output signal.

Outputed signal by low pass filter blocks 440 pairs of harmonic generation devices of compensating signal maker module 130 and carry out filtering.The frequency response of the low pass filter LP B 440 of compensating signal maker module 130 can match with the frequency response of the low pass filter LP A 424 of RX path module 120.In addition, such as, can be following downconvert block 444 and remove false signal.In addition, such as, low pass filter blocks LP B can to offset from rushing down the whole static frequency response of leaking transmitter Tx part with receiver Rx or compensation point mates, comprises the response of low pass filter blocks LP A 424.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 comprises low pass filter blocks, and this low pass filter blocks is by carrying out low-pass filtering about the baseband signal of the information of harmonic generation device output signal (such as harmonic generation device output signal or output signal the signal obtained from harmonic generation device) and generate low pass filter blocks to comprising and output signal.Alternatively, low pass filter blocks 440 comprises frequency response, and this frequency response corresponds to the frequency response of the low pass filter blocks 424 of RX path.

Such as, low pass filter LPB 440 can be bandwidth filter, and it has higher cut-off frequency compared to the channel model module LP 428 of RX path module 120.More generally say, in some instances, low pass filter blocks 440 comprises the cut-off frequency higher than the cut-off frequency of the channel model of RX path.

Low pass filter blocks output signal is supplied to integer delay module 442.Integer delay can be mated with the Late phase between N subharmonic copy and receiver Rx measuring-signal.Alternatively, can further by some for propose relevant integer delay sampling and be supplied to evaluator module 450 (state i).More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 can comprise integer delay module 442, this integer delay module 442 is by comprising about harmonic generation device output signal, (such as harmonic generation device outputs signal self or outputs signal the baseband signal obtained from harmonic generation device, such as, low pass filter blocks outputs signal) the baseband signal of information postpone, generate integer delay module output signal.

Integer delay module output signal is provided to down sample module 444 (down-sampler A) and is selectively provided to evaluator module 450 (such as N subharmonic copy).The sample rate of harmonic generation device module 430 can cover (N+2) of transmitter Tx bandwidth doubly, to avoid false signal.Such as, down-sampler A444 and down-sampler B 428 can have identical down-sampling rate.Utilize down-sampler A, B can provide lower sample rate for optional sef-adapting filter 446.Such as, if counteracting or compensating operation are on high sampling rate, down-sampler A 444 and/or down-sampler B 428 may be nonessential or be removed.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 can comprise down sample module 444, this down sample module 444 is by comprising about harmonic generation device output signal, (such as harmonic generation device outputs signal self or outputs signal the baseband signal obtained from harmonic generation device, such as, integer delay module output signal or low pass filter blocks output signal) the baseband signal of information carry out down-sampling, generate down sample module output signal.Alternatively, down sample module 444 comprises the sample rate equal with the sample rate of the down sample module 428 of RX path.

Down sample module output signal is supplied to sef-adapting filter module 446.Such as, this filter can be programmable fractional delay filter, for adjusting the good delay maintaining N subharmonic copy and receiver Rx measuring-signal.When some non-flat frequency response simulations of harmonic wave are coupling in radio frequency side, this filter can be sef-adapting filter, it is not only rebuild fractional delay but also alternatively rebuilds whole frequency response (such as, the frequency response of the duplexer of Anneta module).Also by utilizing this sef-adapting filter 446, multipath harmonic source and multipath propagation delay can be solved.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 comprises sef-adapting filter module 446, this sef-adapting filter module 446 is for passing through comprising about harmonic generation device output signal (such as, harmonic generation device outputs signal self or outputs signal the baseband signal obtained from harmonic generation device, such as, down sample module output signal or low pass filter blocks output signal) the baseband signal of information carry out adaptive-filtering, generate sef-adapting filter module output signal.Alternatively, sef-adapting filter module by minimum delay that can generate lower than integer delay module 442 or can postpone the baseband signal comprised about harmonic generation device output signal information lower than the delay of the resolution of integer delay module 442.Further alternatively, such as, sef-adapting filter module 446 can carry out filtering to the baseband signal comprised about the information of harmonic generation device output signal, and this harmonic generation device output signal corresponds to multipath harmonic source or multipath propagation postpones.

In addition, filter C 446 (fractional delay filter or self adaptation) can to evaluator module 450 providing package containing the signal about the information of the state C of filter.Evaluator module 450 can to sef-adapting filter module 446 providing package containing about the signal of the information of filter coefficient, to control filter.Such as, self adaptation lowest mean square LMS filter can be used.Control algolithm can utilize multiple error signal e and state C to adjust the complex coefficient (filter coefficient) of sef-adapting filter module 446.

Sef-adapting filter module output signal is provided to amplitude and stretches and summing point 448.Amplitude is stretched the compensation range that can improve on receiver Rx side.Alternatively, desired value can be preset as by flexible for amplitude.Such as, if do not use sef-adapting filter, then amplitude can be stretched and be used for stretching based on the amplitude of lowest mean square LMS continuously.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 comprises amplitude and to stretch module 448, this amplitude stretches module 448 for outputing signal (such as about harmonic generation device by comprising, harmonic generation device outputs signal self or outputs signal the baseband signal obtained from harmonic generation device, such as, sef-adapting filter module output signal, down sample module outputs signal, integer delay module output signal or low pass filter blocks output signal) the baseband signal of information be multiplied with amplitude telescope signal (such as being provided by evaluator module), the amplitude that generates is stretched module output signal.

One or more above-mentioned module can be optional module.Such as, harmonic generation device outputs signal, amplitude stretches module output signal, sef-adapting filter module output signal, sef-adapting filter module output signal, down sample module output signal, integer delay module output signal or low pass filter blocks output signal and can represent compensating signal 132.

The parameter that can be provided by evaluator module 450 controls harmonic spectrum generation, delay sampling generates (state i), sef-adapting filter characteristic and/or amplitude and stretches.Such as, evaluator module 450 can provide non linear coefficient (such as C _n, C _n+2, ω t, phi), flexible, the phase shift of amplitude, integer delay (Time delay control) and filter coefficient alternatively.Such as, evaluator module 450 can depend on transceiver state and utilize relevant, multiple correlation, least-squares algorithm, adaptive-filtering, multiple adaptive-filtering, adaptation coefficient to upgrade and/or study.More generally say, in some instances, compensating signal maker module 130 comprises evaluator module 450, this evaluator module 450 provides at least one evaluator module output signal to harmonic generation device module 430, and this at least one evaluator module output signal comprises the information about at least one parameter for phase adaptation, frequency adaptation or amplitude adapted.

In addition, such as, evaluator module 450 can based on the baseband signal of the information comprised about baseband receiving signals (such as Rx measuring-signal), comprise the baseband signal of information about harmonic generation device output signal (such as N subharmonic copy) and transceiver state information, generate at least one evaluator module output signal.

Alternatively, evaluator module 450, based on the error signal e obtained from the baseband receiving signals 242 compensated after consideration compensating signal 132, generates at least one evaluator module output signal.

Further alternatively, evaluator module 450 can postpone version based on the difference of the baseband signal of the information comprised about harmonic generation device output signal, generates evaluator module output signal.

Alternatively, at least one sef-adapting filter state (state C) that evaluator module can provide based on the sef-adapting filter module 446 by compensating signal maker module 130, generates at least one evaluator module output signal.

In addition, evaluator module 450 can provide at least one filter coefficient to the sef-adapting filter module 446 of compensating signal maker module 130.

Further alternatively, evaluator module 450 can provide amplitude telescope signal to the amplitude of compensating signal maker module 130 module 448 of stretching.

Alternatively, evaluator module 450 can provide delayed control signal to the integer delay module 442 of compensating signal maker module 130, in order to control the delay generated by integer delay module 442.

For above-mentioned one or more aspect alternatively, alternatively or additionally, the bandwidth comprising the baseband signal of the information about baseband receiving signals (low pass filter in the phase signal of such as quadrature phase or receiver Rx measuring-signal) being supplied to evaluator module 450 is substantially equal to (such as ignore bandwidth lower than 10% change) bandwidth of compensating signal 132.In this way, such as, evaluator module 450 can determine parameter more exactly.

Fig. 4 shows the more detailed block diagram of proposed receiver equipment thereof 400.The compound of the phase place I/Q signal of thick line delivery quadrature phase, and/or thick (ash) line delivers many lines (such as many control lines).Such as, receiver equipment thereof 400 can realize the adaptive-filtering in the generation of N subharmonic frequency spectrum and complex base band BB territory.

Alternatively, receiver equipment thereof 400 can comprise up-sampling module (phase place of such as quadrature phase is to the part in polarization conversion and up-sampling module 412), this up-sampling module is used for by the baseband transmit signals generated through up-sampling of sampling to baseband transmit signals, and wherein the frequency of baseband transmit signals is at least integral multiple of the transmission frequency of high-frequency transmit signal.In other words, such as, when calculating (three times) harmonic wave or when the phase place IQ baseband sampling of quadrature phase being taken as (three times) power by phase multiplication, the bandwidth that the factor (3) improves signal can be passed through, and correspondingly, at least carry out over-sampling to avoid aliasing by this factor pair primary signal.For polar transmitter, signal may be optionally oversampled to a great extent (and interpolation), thus can obtain this signal.

More aspect and details is explained in conjunction with one or more example (Fig. 1 and 2) above.In other words, receiver equipment thereof 400 can comprise the feature of one or more additional alternative, and these features correspond to and combine the concept that proposes or one or more above-mentioned example and one or more aspects of mentioning.

For above-mentioned one or more aspect alternatively, alternatively or additionally, the receiver equipment thereof proposed can comprise memory cell, and this memory cell stores at least one parameter being used for phase adaptation, frequency adaptation or amplitude adapted by harmonic generation device module.Such as, non linear coefficient, delaying state, amplitude and/or mark/sef-adapting filter state can be stored and is again applied to and reduce regulation time (settlingtime) (such as in the receiver Rx carrier wave active period of polymerization).In other words, memory cell can provide at least one parameter to reuse to harmonic generation device module.

For above-mentioned one or more aspect alternatively, additionally or alternatively, the transceiver module proposed can comprise compensatory control module, if the signal section of the high-frequency received signal caused by unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal mainly or is only positioned at the frequency outside the current frequency acceptance band of RX path, then this compensatory control module solution activates the consideration to compensating signal, and wherein in high-frequency transmit signal, unwanted signal part comprises the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.In other words, if do not have or only have a small amount of unexpected harmonic signal part to be positioned at frequency acceptance band, then the consideration (such as by activating compensating signal maker module or compensating module solution) activated compensating signal can be separated.

Alternatively or additionally, if the desensitization of the receiver of the baseband receiving signals that the signal section of the baseband receiving signals caused due to unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal causes or transceiver is beyond predetermined desensitization threshold value, then compensatory control module can activate the consideration to compensating signal, and wherein in high-frequency transmit signal, unwanted signal part comprises the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.Such as, by selecting low predefined desensitization threshold value (value that such as display sensitivity reduces), the sensitivity of receiver can be high, and by selecting high predefined desensitization threshold value, can reduce power consumption owing to the solution compensated activates.

Such as, receiver equipment thereof comprises transmit path module and RX path module, transmit path block configuration becomes to generate high-frequency transmit signal based on baseband transmit signals, and RX path block configuration becomes to generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal.Further, receiver equipment thereof comprises compensating signal maker module, it is configured to generate compensating signal in the following manner: generate the compensating signal obtained from baseband transmit signals, this baseband transmit signals applies the Nonlinear harmonic oscillator function causing frequency spectrum to broaden, and by compensating signal frequency shift (FS) to corresponding to the frequency location not needing the frequency location of harmonic wave receiving and expect RF TX signal.

Receiver equipment thereof can realize (center) frequency shift (FS) (being offset in RX frequency band by TX signal thus) of its signal provided.In addition, such as, TX signal is not only offset to RX frequency band, and also self be modified, and this amendment is nonlinear amendment, this nonlinear amendment also makes the frequency spectrum of TX signal broaden.A part for the frequency spectrum broadened can after a while again by copped wave, and this can correspond to part.Broaden first making frequency spectrum and carry out there are differences between this to its copped wave (such as, to the filtering again of RX bandwidth) and with other order (such as first carry out filtering to the part of TX signal and make it broaden subsequently) subsequently.Such as, may there is the intermodulation (intermodulation) between two spectrum components, these two spectrum components self will be in the outside of RX frequency band, but the product of intermodulation can be positioned at the inside of RX frequency band.

Therefore, such as, a part for received high-frequency received signal can at least be covered.Such as, compensating signal maker module comprises the nonlinear distortion of baseband transmit signals.

Such as, maker comprises non-linear, frequency spectrum and to broaden the amendment of TX channel spectrum.

Harmonic spectrum can by using complex plane polar coordinates, by using complex plane cartesian coordinate system or by using low IF (intermediate frequency), real number field and generating.

Such as, compensating signal maker module comprises harmonic generation device module, and this harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

In addition, maker can represent generation compensating signal from the polarization of baseband TX signal.Such as, at least one component of compensating signal have equal TX signal phase multiplication with the phase place of harmonic number, and there is the amplitude that the amplitude equaling TX signal is taken as the power of at least n.

Alternatively, compensating signal can represent based on the polarization of baseband TX signal and generates, or maker can represent based on the Descartes of baseband TX signal and generates compensating signal.Such as, at least one component of compensating signal equals the power that multiple TX signal is taken as n.

Alternatively, maker can generate compensating signal based on the real representation of baseband TX signal, is also referred to as low IF.Such as, at least one component of compensating signal is nth harmonic frequency spectrum, and it generates by utilizing low IF signal to be taken as the power of at least n.

In some instances, triple-frequency harmonics (n=3) but frequency spectrum can comprise 3 rank also can comprise 5 order components or even higher radix order component.

Normally, it can comprise the component on n+2*m rank, wherein integer m > 0.The phase place of triple-frequency harmonics can be 3 times of TX signal phase, but amplitude can comprise the contribution of more high-order.

When multiple BB TX frequency spectrum can be used, such as, can obtain by following formula the generation comprising the triple-frequency harmonics of 3 rank and 5 order components:

The multiple TX BB signal of X=I+jQ

The multiple BB frequency spectrum of Y triple-frequency harmonics, (only have triple-frequency harmonics, but also comprise the amplitude portion on 5 rank)

C3, c5 3 coefficient of amplitude portion on rank and 5 rank

The complex conjugate of X* X

Descartes: Y=X^3* (c3+c5*abs (X) ^2)=X^3* (c3+c5*X*X*));

Polarization: Y=abs (X) ^3* (c3+c5*abs (X) ^2) * exp (3*j*arg (X))

When low IF

The low IF real signal of x

Y non-linear spectrum, comprises triple-frequency harmonics

y＝x^3*(c3+c5*X^2)

Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of Anneta module 500, and this Anneta module can be connected to proposed receiver equipment thereof.Anneta module 500 comprises a transmit path (such as transmitter Tx frequency band 17) and two RX path (for receiver Rx frequency band 4 and receive diversity RD frequency band 4).Transmit path comprises power amplifier 512 (can be a part for receiver equipment thereof), duplexer 512, triple-frequency harmonics H3 trapper (trap) 514, switch 516, and main RX path can comprise switch 520 and duplexer 518.Such as, the switch 520 of the duplexer 512 of transmit path, H3 trapper 514 and switch 516 and main RX path can be realized by front-end module FEM 510.Transmit path and main RX path are connected to duplexer 522, and duplexer 522 is connected to antenna 526 by tuner 524.Diverse reception paths comprises another antenna 528, duplexer 530, switch 532 and filter 534.The unexpected harmonic signal part possibility parasitic couplings generated in transmit path is to RX path.

Such as, owing to proposed compensation concept, triple-frequency harmonics H3 trapper 514 can be removed or avoid.

Some examples relate to the digital cancellation (or compensation) of Tx harmonic wave in Rx base band.The harmonic cancellation for carrier aggregation can be realized.The transceiver proposed realizes (such as in LTM modulator-demodulator) by Digital Signal Processing.Such as, the concept proposed may be used for high power capacity framework, may be embodied in computer system architecture feature, and with MFG (manufacture) process that the interface that high power capacity is made can comprise IA (integrated architecture) equipment (such as, transistor) and be associated.Such as, the receiver equipment thereof proposed can be implemented (such as being realized by metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) MOS or complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) CMOS technology) in the radio frequency equipment operating in more than 31.8GHz.

For these service conditions, the device of proposition can contribute to the high reference sensitivity maintaining Rx.Such as, Tx triple-frequency harmonics can make polymerization Rx channel desensitization (such as B17 (Tx/Rx)+B4 (Rx) CA or B12 (Tx/Rx)+B4 (Rx) CA).In addition, the possibility of another desensitization can be some frequency bands that (such as B8 (Tx/Rx)+B7 (Rx) CA or B28 (Tx/Rx)+B1 (Rx) CA) and Tx triple-frequency harmonics can make WLAN (WLAN (wireless local area network)) or BT (bluetooth) desensitization.

The device proposed can by utilizing the copy Digital Signal Processing of Tx baseband signal being generated to triple-frequency harmonics Tx-RF signal spectrum.This signal then can be modified by filtering under the control of evaluator.Resultant signal then may be used for the third harmonic interference of counteracting or the Tx of compensation in Rx base band side at least partially.

Such as, the device proposed can generate the copy of Tx-RF triple-frequency harmonics to offset or to compensate the Tx-RF harmonic signal generated in analog front-end assembly in digital baseband.Such as, the additional workload for improving simulated assembly can be avoided in this way.

Triple-frequency harmonics can generate by utilizing Digital Signal Processing, and can filtered and frequency shift (FS) to aim at the RF triple-frequency harmonics of desired Rx channel.In addition, can realize for determine when can the algorithm of low complex degree that changes of enable harmonic wave.

The transceiver system proposed can comprise the transmitter and receiver with digital baseband, to carry out sending and receiving simultaneously.The nonlinear impairments of transmitter may generate harmonic distortion frequency component at N*freqTx frequency place.FreqTx is RF carrier frequency, N be more than or equal to 2 integer.Harmonic distortion frequency N * freqTx may fall into the frequency range of frequency acceptance band, and isolates because non-sufficient sends-receives, and causes the distortion of Received signal strength possibility.Digital cancellation assembly can set up the digital copies of this harmonic distortion under the help of digital Tx baseband signal.Before Received signal strength enters digital baseband, this copies and can be subtracted from digital Rx signal, and therefore from digital Rx signal, removes distortion at least partially.

In addition, special complex base band method can in polarized signal territory ghost harmonic signal.This can comprise and combines according to the frequency shift (FS) that calculates the stationary phase deviator (such as by assessing to received signal relevant) assessed, and adds frequency shift (FS) by application phase slope.Interchangeable method can before cube (square or any suitable power) by least half channel BW by Tx reference signal up-conversion to real domain.Then, down-conversion is carried out with included suitable frequency shift (FS).

In addition, can propose to carry out for counteracting state the application that learns, not change significantly between described counteracting state Tx/Rx on the same channel distributes.Such as, non linear coefficient, delaying state, amplitude and mark/sef-adapting filter state can be stored and is again applied to and reduce regulation time (such as in the Rx carrier wave active period of polymerization).Such as, expectedly, up link UL on polymerization carrier wave and the difference in down link DL scheduling may cause the enables/disables cancellation algorithms when harmonic wave rank has fine difference, or but the enables/disables response when there being uncertain phase difference.

In addition, a kind of control algolithm can be realized, this control algolithm is used for determining when to open or close cancellation algorithms based on the calculating of the frequency acceptance band RB harmonic wave distributed Tx, and the frequency acceptance band RB harmonic wave that described Tx distributes has and desired Rx channel overlap or nonoverlapping frequency.In addition, such as, Tx Pout (transmit power amplifier output) and Rx RSSI (receiver received signal strength indicator) threshold value also can be utilized, only just to use cancellation algorithms when harmonic wave desensitization rank will be problem.Tx Pout can more than threshold value (Tx_Pout_harm_threshold), but this threshold value may by the impact of the harmonic spectrum density (harmonic wave of such as how much percentage falls into Rx frequency band) in desired Rx frequency band.If only have 10% (or only have 20%, only have 5% or only have 1%), then Tx Pout threshold value approximately may increase 10dB (or 20dB or 20dB or 5dB).Only when harmonic wave can enough strong and cause appreciable impact time it just can be cancelled (such as, it can only occur for several dB that Tx Pout is the highest).Rx RSSI can on threshold value (such as RX_RSSI_harm_threshold).Such as, humorous wave interference only may be only problem for low Rx rank, and Rx EVM (Error Vector Magnitude) can be caused to demote at higher level executing arithmetic.

Such as, the concept proposed can be applicable to both polarization and quadrature transmitter framework, and can be valuable for all mobile cellulars and connectivity solutions.

Fig. 6 shows the demonstration measured Rx data flow of performance and the simulation result of known Tx data flow, and it can utilize algorithm to find out in actual measurement data.Receiver equipment thereof is used for, when frequency band 17Tx/Rx is polymerized with frequency band 4Rx and the triple-frequency harmonics of B 17 Tx causes remarkable interference in B4 Rx channel, catching the Rx I/Q data stream (such as at digital RF DigRF interface) of frequency band 4Rx.Use known Tx excitation so that the offline copies harmonic signal performed for offsetting generates.In figure, rank illustrates with dB and represents dBFS.It illustrates the first signal 610 and secondary signal 620, first signal 610 represents the base band BB h3 without any counteracting in Rx, secondary signal 620 representative has the signal that h3 BB frequency response compensates and offsets, and it indicates h3 frequency spectrum by power (dB) figure in frequency (with Hz).Such as, in this case, front in counteracting (curve 610), there occurs the desensitization of about 12dB, after applying off-line cancellation algorithms, there occurs the Rx signal spectrum of curve 620.

Such as, proposed concept is realized having in LTE (Long Term Evolution) modulator-demodulator supported the carrier aggregation of frequency band 17 and 4.

Some examples relate to mobile device (such as cell phone, flat board or laptop computer), and described mobile device comprises above-mentioned receiver equipment thereof.Mobile device or mobile terminal can be used for communication in mobile communication system.

Fig. 7 shows the indicative icon of mobile device 150.Mobile device comprises receiver equipment thereof (such as Fig. 1-4).In addition, mobile device 150 comprises base band processor module 170, and this base band processor module is for generating baseband signal to be sent and/or process baseband receiving signals.Additionally, mobile device 150 comprises at least to the power subsystem 180 that transceiver module 180 and base band processor module 170 are powered.

According to the concept proposed or one or more above-mentioned example, in some instances, cell phone can comprise transceiver.

In addition, according to described concept or one or more above-mentioned example, some examples relate to the base station comprising transceiver in mobile communication system or relay station.

Such as, mobile communication system can correspond to following in one: third generation partner program (3GPP) standardized mobile communication system, the UTRAN (E-UTRAN) of such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), enhanced data rates for gsm evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), high-speed packet access (HSPA), universal land radio access web (UTRAN) or evolution, Long Term Evolution (LTE) or advanced LTE (LTE-A); Or there is the mobile communication system of various criterion, such as World Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMax (WIMAX) IEEE 802.16 or WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) IEEE802.11, normally based on any system of time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), OFDM (OFDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA) etc.Term mobile communication system and mobile communications network can use by synonym.

Mobile communication system can comprise multiple sending node or base station transceiver, and it can operate to transmit radio signal with mobile transceiver.In these examples, mobile communication system can comprise mobile transceiver, relay station transceiver and base station transceiver.Relay station transceiver and base station transceiver can be made up of one or more central location and one or more remote unit.

Mobile transceiver or mobile device can correspond to smart phone, cell phone, subscriber's installation (UE), laptop computer, notebook, personal computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), USB (USB)-rod, flat computer, vehicle etc.Mobile transceiver or terminal also can be described as UE or the user consistent with 3GPP term.Base station transceiver can be arranged in the fixing or static part of network or system.Base station transceiver can correspond to long distance wireless dateline, transfer point, access point, macrocell, small-cell, Microcell, picocell, Femto cell, community, city etc.Term small-cell can refer to any community less than macrocell, i.e. Microcell, picocell, Femto cell or community, city.In addition, Femto cell is considered to less than picocell, and picocell is considered to less than Microcell.Base station transceiver can be the wave point of cable network, and it realizes and the transmission of the radio signal of UE, mobile transceiver or relaying transceiver and reception.Such radio signal can follow the such as standardized radio signal of 3GPP, or usually, one or more consistent with above-mentioned listed system.Therefore, base station transceiver can correspond to Node B, e Node B, BTS, access point etc.Relay station transceiver can correspond to the intermediate network node in the communication path between base station transceiver and mobile radio station transceiver.The signal received from mobile transceiver can be forwarded to base station transceiver by relay station transceiver respectively, and the signal received from base station transceiver is forwarded to mobile radio station transceiver.

Mobile communication system can be honeycomb.Term community refers to the overlay area of the wireless radio service provided by transfer point, remote unit, long-range head, long distance wireless dateline, base station transceiver, relaying transceiver or Node B, e Node B respectively.Term community and base station transceiver can use by synonym.In some examples, community can correspond to sector.Such as, fan anteena can be utilized to realize sector, fan antenna is provided for the characteristic of the angle segment covered around base station transceiver or remote unit.In some examples, base station transceiver or remote unit such as can operate three the Huo Liuge communities covering 120 degree of sectors (if three communities) or 60 degree of sectors (if six communities) respectively.Equally, relaying transceiver can set up one or more community in its overlay area.Mobile transceiver can be registered at least one community or be associated with at least one community, namely it can be associated with community, makes data can use dedicated channel, link or be connected between the mobile device in the overlay area of network and cell associated to exchange.Mobile transceiver directly or indirectly can be registered to relay station or base station transceiver thus or be associated with relay station or base station transceiver, and wherein indirectly registering or be associated can by one or more relaying transceiver.

Fig. 8 shows the flow chart of method 800, and method 800 is for generating compensating signal according to example.Method comprises 810, generates high-frequency transmit signal based on baseband transmit signals; And 820, generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal.Method 800 comprises 830 further, generate compensating signal, this compensating signal at least comprises a signal section, the frequency of this signal section equals the frequency of the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals that the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal causes, and wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

Such as, by transmit path CMOS macro cell high-frequency transmit signal, by RX path CMOS macro cell baseband receiving signals, and compensating signal (Fig. 1-4) can can be generated by compensating signal maker.

Such as, the overlapping Rx signal of N subharmonic possibility, transceiver state information can be examined (as Tx power etc.) and/or can offset by applying frequency.

Further, method 800 can comprise one or more optional, additional action, these actions corresponding to the one or more aspects mentioned in conjunction with above-mentioned one or more example or described concept (such as, calculate the whether overlapping Rx signal of N subharmonic, check transceiver state information (as Tx power etc.), applying frequency offsets, such as, described by composition graphs 1-4).

Following example relates to further example.Example 1 is receiver equipment thereof, and it comprises: transmit path module, and the baseband transmit signals be configured to based on comprising frequency component generates high-frequency transmit signal; RX path module, is configured to generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal; And compensating signal maker module, be configured to by generating compensating signal to the Nonlinear harmonic oscillator of described baseband transmit signals, described compensating signal at least comprises the signal section of the harmonic wave of the frequency component of the channel width disturbing described RX path module.

In example 2, the theme of example 1 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, this compensating signal maker module comprises harmonic generation device module, and this harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

In example 3, the theme of example 2 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, and it is configured to generate harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the polarization modulation baseband signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

In example 4, the theme of example 3 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, and it comprises multiplication module, and this multiplication module phase signal be configured to based on polarization modulation baseband signal is multiplied with integer multiple and generates multiplier output signal.

In example 5, the theme of example 3 or 4 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, it comprises adder Module, and this adder Module is configured to be added with shifted signal based on the phase signal of polarization modulation baseband signal or multiplier output signal generate adder output signal.

Exist in example 6, the theme of any one in example 3-5 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, it comprises amplitude adapted module, and this amplitude adapted block configuration becomes the range signal based on polarization modulation baseband signal to generate amplitude adapted output signal with at least one amplitude adapted parameter signal.

In example 7, the theme of example 6 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, it comprises coordinate transferring, and this coordinate transferring is configured to generate In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband transmit signals based on amplitude adapted output signal and multiplier output signal or adder output signal.

Exist in example 8, the theme of any one in example 1-7 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises harmonic generation device module, and this harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

In example 9, the theme of example 8 can comprise harmonic generation device module alternatively, and it is configured at least based on determining that In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband signal is that the power of integer multiple generates harmonic generation device output signal.

Alternatively, compensating signal maker block configuration becomes the frequency shift (FS) based on the baseband signal being applied to the information comprised about baseband transmit signals to generate compensating signal.

Further alternatively, compensating signal maker block configuration becomes to generate compensating signal, and this compensating signal has phase multiplication corresponding to baseband transmit signals with the phase place of integer being greater than 1.

Exist in example 10, the theme of any one in example 3-9 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises low pass filter blocks, and this low pass filter blocks is configured to generate low pass filter blocks output signal by carrying out low-pass filtering to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

In example 11, the theme of example 10 can comprise low pass filter blocks alternatively, and it comprises the cut-off frequency higher than the cut-off frequency of the channel model of RX path.

In example 12, the theme of example 10 or 11 can comprise low pass filter blocks alternatively, and it comprises the frequency response of the frequency response of the low pass filter blocks corresponding to RX path.

In example 13, the theme of any one in example 3-12 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises integer delay module, and this integer delay block configuration one-tenth generates integer delay module output signal by carrying out delay to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

In example 14, the theme of any one in example 3-13 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises down sample module, and this down sample module is configured to by generating down sample module output signal to comprising about the baseband signal down-sampling of the information of harmonic generation device output signal.

In example 15, the theme of example 14 can comprise down sample module alternatively, and it comprises the sample rate equal with the sample rate of the down sample module of RX path.

In example 16, the theme of any one in example 3-15 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises sef-adapting filter module, and this sef-adapting filter block configuration one-tenth generates sef-adapting filter module output signal by carrying out adaptive-filtering to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

In example 17, the theme of example 16 can comprise sef-adapting filter module alternatively, and this sef-adapting filter block configuration one-tenth postpones the baseband signal comprised about the information of harmonic generation device output signal with the delay in the minimum delay that can generate lower than integer delay module.

In example 18, the theme of example 16 or 17 can comprise sef-adapting filter module alternatively, its baseband signal be configured to comprising about the information of harmonic generation device output signal carries out filtering, and this harmonic generation device output signal corresponds to multipath harmonic source or multipath propagation postpones.

In example 19, the theme of any one in example 3-18 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises amplitude and to stretch module, and this amplitude block configuration of stretching is become and to be stretched module output signal by the amplitude that generates that the baseband signal comprised about the information of harmonic generation device output signal is multiplied with amplitude telescope signal.

In example 20, the theme of any one in example 3-19 can comprise compensating signal maker module alternatively, it comprises evaluator module, this evaluator block configuration becomes to provide at least one evaluator module output signal to harmonic generation device module, and this at least one evaluator module output signal comprises the information about at least one parameter for phase adaptation, frequency adaptation or amplitude adapted.

In example 21, the theme of example 20 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and it is configured to generate at least one evaluator module output signal based on the baseband signal of the information comprised about baseband receiving signals, the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device and transceiver state information.

In example 22, the theme of example 20 or 21 can comprise alternatively: the bandwidth comprising the baseband signal of the information about baseband receiving signals being supplied to evaluator module is substantially equal to the bandwidth of compensating signal.

In example 23, the theme of any one in example 20-22 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and it is configured to postpone version based on the difference of the baseband signal of the information comprised about harmonic generation device output signal and generates at least one evaluator module output signal.

In example 24, the theme of any one in example 20-23 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and its error signal be configured to based on obtaining from the baseband receiving signals compensated after considering compensating signal generates at least one evaluator module output signal.

In example 25, the theme of any one in example 20-24 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and its at least one sef-adapting filter state being configured to provide based on the sef-adapting filter module by compensating signal maker module generates at least one evaluator module output signal.

In example 26, the theme of any one in example 20-25 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and it is configured to provide at least one filter coefficient to the sef-adapting filter module of compensating signal maker module.

In example 27, the theme of any one in example 20-26 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and it is configured to provide amplitude telescope signal to the amplitude of compensating signal maker module module of stretching.

In example 28, the theme of any one in example 20-27 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, and it is configured to provide delayed control signal to the integer delay module of compensating signal maker module, in order to control by the delay of integer delay CMOS macro cell.

In example 29, the theme of any one in example 20-28 can comprise evaluator module alternatively, its be configured to depend on transceiver state and based on relevant, multiple correlation, least-squares algorithm, adaptive-filtering, multiple adaptive-filtering, adaptation coefficient upgrades or signal, parameter or coefficient are determined in study.

In example 30, the theme of any one in example 1-29 can comprise compensating module alternatively, and it is configured to the baseband receiving signals generating compensation based on compensating signal and the baseband signal comprised about the information of baseband receiving signals.

Alternatively, compensating signal maker block configuration becomes the nonlinear distortion generating baseband transmit signals during generating compensating signal.

In example 31, the theme of example 28 can comprise compensating module alternatively, and it is configured to deduct this compensating signal from comprising about the baseband signal of the information of baseband receiving signals.

In example 32, the theme of example 29 can comprise alternatively: about signal transacting direction, by compensating module step before the narrowest low pass filter of RX path.

In example 33, the theme of any one in example 1-32 can comprise alternatively: compensating signal is digital signal.

In example 34, the theme of any one in example 1-33 can comprise alternatively: compensating signal maker module is digital signal processing module.

In example 35, the theme of any one in example 1-34 can be configured to send high-frequency transmit signal simultaneously and receive high-frequency received signal alternatively.

In example 36, the theme of any one in example 3-35 can comprise memory cell alternatively, and it is configured to store by harmonic generation device module at least one parameter for phase adaptation, frequency adaptation or amplitude adapted.

In example 37, the theme of example 36 can comprise memory cell alternatively, and it is configured to provide at least one parameter to reuse to harmonic generation device module.

In example 38, the theme of any one in example 1-37 can comprise up-sampling module alternatively, it is configured to by the baseband transmit signals generated through up-sampling of sampling to baseband signal, wherein baseband signal comprises the information about baseband transmit signals, and baseband transmit signals has the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency being at least high-frequency transmit signal.

In example 39, the theme of any one in example 1-38 can comprise compensatory control module alternatively, this compensatory control block configuration becomes: if the signal section of high-frequency received signal that the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal causes only is positioned at the frequency place of the current frequency acceptance band outside of RX path, then separate the consideration activated compensating signal, wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

In example 40, the theme of any one in example 1-39 can comprise compensatory control module alternatively, it is configured to: if the desensitization of baseband receiving signals that the signal section of the baseband receiving signals caused due to the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal causes is beyond predefined desensitization threshold value, then activate the consideration to compensating signal, wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

Example 41 is receiver equipment thereofs, and it comprises: for sending the device of signal, is configured to generate high-frequency transmit signal based on baseband transmit signals; For the device of Received signal strength, be configured to generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal; And for generating the device of compensating signal, be configured to generate compensating signal, this compensating signal at least comprises a signal section, this signal section has the frequency of the frequency of the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals that the unwanted signal part equaled in high-frequency transmit signal causes, and high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

In example 42, the theme of example 41 can comprise the device for generating compensating signal alternatively, and it is configured to generate compensating signal based on baseband transmit signals.

Example 43 comprises the mobile device according to the transceiver of any one in aforementioned exemplary.

Example 44 comprises the cell phone according to the transceiver of any one, receiver or the transmitter in aforementioned exemplary.

Example 45 is a kind of methods for generating compensating signal, and the method comprises and generates high-frequency transmit signal based on baseband transmit signals; Baseband receiving signals is generated based on received high-frequency received signal; And generation compensating signal, this compensating signal at least comprises a signal section, this signal section has the frequency of the frequency of the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals that the unwanted signal part equaled in high-frequency transmit signal causes, and wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

In example 46, the theme of example 45 can comprise alternatively: generate compensating signal based on baseband transmit signals.

Example 47 is machinable mediums, and it comprises program code, makes machine perform the method for example 45 when executed.

Example 48 is machine-readable storage devices, and it comprises machine readable instructions, when executed any one method realized in realization example 1-46 or any one device realized in realization example 1-46.

Example 49 is computer programs, and it has program code, for performing the method for example 45 when performing computer program on a computer or a processor.

Example can provide computer program further, and it has program code, for performing one of said method when performing computer program on a computer or a processor.Those skilled in the art will easily recognize, the step of various said method can be performed by programmable calculator.Here, some examples are also intended to overlay program memory device, such as digital data storage medium, it is machine or computer-readable and can to perform machine or the executable instruction repertorie of computer is encoded, and wherein instruction performs some or all actions of said method.Such as, program storage device can be magnetic storage medium, the hard disk drive of digital storage, such as Disk and tape, or optical readable digital data storage medium.These examples are also intended to the computer covering the action being programmed to perform said method, or are programmed (scene) programmable logic array ((F) PLA) or (scene) programmable gate array ((F) PGA) of the action performing said method.

Specification and accompanying drawing merely illustrate principle of the present disclosure.Therefore will recognize, those skilled in the art can design various layout, although these layouts clearly do not describe in this article or illustrate, embody principle of the present disclosure and will be included in its spirit and scope.In addition, all examples described herein are intended to clearly only for instructing object with the concept helping reader understanding's principle of the present disclosure and inventor's contribution to advance this area in principle, and should be interpreted as the example and the condition that are not limited to so concrete record.In addition, all statements of principle, aspect and example disclosed in notebook herein and its particular example intention contain its equivalent.

Be expressed as " for ... device " functional block of (performing certain function) is interpreted as the corresponding functional block comprising the Circuits System being configured to perform certain function.Therefore, " device for something " also can be understood as " device being configured to or being suitable for something ".Therefore, the device being configured to perform certain function does not imply that such device inevitable (when given when) performs this function.

The function of the various elements shown in figure (comprising any functional block being labeled as " device ", " for providing the device of sensor signal ", " for generating the device sending signal " etc.) can provide by using specialized hardware, described specialized hardware such as " signal provider ", " signal processing unit ", " processor ", " controller " etc. and be associated with suitable software can the hardware of executive software.In addition, any entity being described as " device " here can correspond to or be implemented as " one or more module ", " one or more equipment ", " one or more unit " etc.When provided by a processor, function can be provided by single application specific processor, single share processor or multiple individual processors, and some of them can be shared.In addition, clearly the using of term " processor " or " controller " should be interpreted as referring to exclusively can the hardware of executive software, and impliedly can comprise digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, network processing unit, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM) and non-volatile storage for storing software without restriction.Also that can comprise other routines and/or usual hardware.

One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that, arbitrary block diagram representative here embodies the conceptual view of the illustrative circuit system of disclosure principle.Similarly, to recognize, arbitrary flow chart, flow chart, state transition diagram, false code etc. represent various process, these process substantially can to represent in computer-readable medium and therefore to be performed by computer or processor, no matter whether explicitly show such computer or processor.

In addition, claims are incorporated in detailed description book hereby, and wherein, every claim can represent independent example independently.Although every claim can represent independent example, independently although it should be noted---dependent claims can relate to the particular combination with other claims one or more in the claims---, other examples also can comprise the combination of this dependent claims and every other subordinate or independent claims theme.Proposed here such combination, unless its statement particular combination is not intended to.In addition, intention also the feature of a claim is comprised to any other independent claims, even if this claim not immediate subordinate in these independent claims.

Be further noted that, in the description or method disclosed in claim can be realized by the equipment of the device of each corresponding actions had for performing these methods.

Further, it should be understood that the disclosure of multiple action or function disclosed in specification or claim can be not interpreted as in particular order.Therefore, the disclosure of multiple action or function will not be limited to particular order these, unless such action or function due to technical reason be non-interchangeable.In addition, in some instances, individual part can comprise and maybe can be broken down into multiple sub-action.Sub-action like this can be included and the part of disclosure as this individual part, this situation unless specifically excluded.

Claims

1. a receiver equipment thereof, comprising:

Transmit path module, the baseband transmit signals be configured to based on comprising frequency component generates high-frequency transmit signal;

RX path module, is configured to generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal; And

Compensating signal maker module, is configured to by generating compensating signal to the Nonlinear harmonic oscillator of baseband transmit signals, and compensating signal at least comprises the signal section of the harmonic wave of the frequency component of the channel width of interference RX path module.

2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises harmonic generation device module, and harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

3. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the polarization modulation baseband signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

4. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein harmonic generation device module comprises multiplication module, and the multiplication module phase signal be configured to based on polarization modulation baseband signal is multiplied with integer multiple and generates multiplier output signal.

5. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein harmonic generation device module comprises adder Module, adder Module is configured to be added with frequency offset signals based on the phase signal of polarization modulation baseband signal or multiplier output signal generate adder output signal, and wherein frequency offset signals comprises the information about frequency shift (FS).

6. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein harmonic generation device module comprises amplitude adapted module, amplitude adapted block configuration becomes the range signal based on polarization modulation baseband signal to generate amplitude adapted output signal with at least one amplitude adapted parameter signal, and wherein at least one amplitude adapted parameter signal comprises the information about nonlinear distortion.

7. equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein harmonic generation device module comprises coordinate transferring, and coordinate transferring is configured to generate In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband transmit signals based on amplitude adapted output signal and multiplier output signal or adder output signal.

8. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises harmonic generation device module, and harmonic generation device block configuration one-tenth generates harmonic generation device output signal based on comprising about the In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband signal of the information of baseband transmit signals.

9. equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein harmonic generation device block configuration become at least based on determining that In-Phase-Quadrature phase-modulation baseband transmit signals is the power of integer multiple, frequency upconversion generates harmonic generation device at least half channel width and frequency drift and outputs signal.

10. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein compensating signal maker block configuration becomes the frequency shift (FS) based on the baseband signal being applied to the information comprised about baseband transmit signals to generate compensating signal.

11. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein compensating signal maker block configuration becomes to generate compensating signal, and compensating signal has phase multiplication corresponding to baseband transmit signals with the phase place of integer being greater than 1.

12. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises low pass filter blocks, and low pass filter blocks is configured to generate low pass filter blocks output signal by carrying out low-pass filtering to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

13. equipment as claimed in claim 12, wherein low pass filter blocks comprises the cut-off frequency higher than the cut-off frequency of the channel model of RX path.

14. equipment as claimed in claim 12, wherein said low pass filter blocks comprises the frequency response of the frequency response of the low pass filter blocks corresponding to RX path.

15. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises integer delay module, and integer delay block configuration one-tenth generates integer delay module output signal by carrying out delay to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

16. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises down sample module, and down sample module is configured to by generating down sample module output signal to comprising about the baseband signal down-sampling of the information of harmonic generation device output signal.

17. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises sef-adapting filter module, and sef-adapting filter block configuration one-tenth generates sef-adapting filter module output signal by carrying out adaptive-filtering to the baseband signal comprising the information outputed signal about harmonic generation device.

18. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein compensating signal maker module comprises evaluator module, evaluator block configuration becomes to provide at least one evaluator module output signal to harmonic generation device module, and at least one evaluator module output signal described comprises the information about at least one parameter for phase adaptation, frequency adaptation or amplitude adapted.

19. equipment as claimed in claim 1, comprise compensating module, and it is configured to the baseband receiving signals generating compensation based on compensating signal and the baseband signal comprised about the information of baseband receiving signals.

20. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein compensating signal maker module is digital signal processing module.

21. equipment as claimed in claim 1, comprise compensatory control module, compensatory control block configuration becomes: if the signal section of high-frequency received signal that the unwanted signal part in high-frequency transmit signal causes only is positioned at the frequency place of the current frequency acceptance band outside of RX path, then separate the consideration activated compensating signal, wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency of the integral multiple of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

22. 1 kinds of receiver equipment thereofs, comprising:

For sending the device of signal, be configured to generate high-frequency transmit signal based on baseband transmit signals;

For the device of Received signal strength, be configured to generate baseband receiving signals based on received high-frequency received signal; And

For generating the device of compensating signal, be configured to generate compensating signal, compensating signal at least comprises a signal section, this signal section has the frequency of the frequency of the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals that the unwanted signal part equaled in high-frequency transmit signal causes, and wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

23. 1 kinds of mobile devices, comprise the receiver equipment thereof as described in one of claim 1 to 22.

24. 1 kinds for generating the method for compensating signal, described method comprises:

High-frequency transmit signal is generated based on baseband transmit signals;

Baseband receiving signals is generated based on received high-frequency received signal; And

Generate compensating signal, this compensating signal at least comprises a signal section, this signal section has the frequency of the frequency of the unwanted signal part of the baseband receiving signals that the unwanted signal part equaled in high-frequency transmit signal causes, and wherein high-frequency transmit signal comprises the frequency being greater than the integral multiple of 1 of the transmission frequency equaling high-frequency transmit signal.

25. 1 kinds of machinable mediums, comprise program code, make machine perform method as claimed in claim 24 when executed.