CN104794262B - A kind of spaceborne net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method integrated based on electromechanics - Google Patents
A kind of spaceborne net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method integrated based on electromechanics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of based on electromechanical integrated spaceborne net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method.This method has been initially set up for net-shape antenna based on electromechanical integrated Shape design Optimized model, the Optimized model is directly used as design variable using the force density of rope net, under conditions of rope net is met in tensioning poised state, without slack line, both far field electrical property had been pursued and has met figuration requirement as far as possible, the tension force that cable net structure is pursued again is as uniform as possible；Then solution is iterated to the Optimized model, to the shaped-beam design for untill electrical property and Tension Evenness integration objective are optimal, completing net-shape antenna.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radar Antenna System field, and in particular to a kind of based on electromechanical integrated spaceborne net-shape antenna figuration
Beam designing method, the shaped-beam applied to spaceborne net-shape antenna is designed.
Background technology
The characteristics of Shaped-beam reflector antenna has efficiency high, the interference of service area adjacent area signal is small, is widely used in defending
In star communication；Meanwhile, hoop truss formula unfolded reticular antenna due to its lightweight, draw in small volume, the cycle is short the characteristics of, into
In order to enjoy the space deployable antenna form of various countries' aerospace circle concern in recent years；Therefore, it is necessary can to hoop truss formula
Expansion net-shape antenna can figuration ability and corresponding shaping method in depth studied.Hoop truss formula expandable mesh day
Line due to its lightweight, draw small volume in, the cycle is short the characteristics of, become and enjoy the space of various countries aerospace circle concern can in recent years
Deployable antenna form, its structure composition mainly include extensible hoop truss, metallic reflection net, provinculum net, rear rope net and
Longitudinally adjusted Cable Structure.Provinculum net is mainly used in supporting laid metallic reflection net, and rear rope net mainly plays balanced action, longitudinal direction
Adjustment rope is used to adjust provinculum net so that metal mirror forms required shape face.
Satellite carried shaped beam antenna is often using the structure type in single feed single reflection face, and conventional shaping method has wavefront
Method, aperture field optimization, the field phase optimization of bore face grid and the direct method of development of reflecting surface etc., these, which have methods, is all
Based on the thought of electromechanics separation, first from requirement on electric performance, preferable Shaped reflector is designed, is then passing through structure
Design to realize the antenna structure with Shaped reflector.For surface antenna, the method effect of separate design is fine；
However, spaceborne net-shape antenna structure belongs to stretch-draw forming structure, force self-balanced to ensure reflecting surface by the tensioning of rope net
Shape face, only designs obtained Shaped reflector, being probably for net-shape antenna, in structure can not be real from electrical property
Existing.Therefore, how to cause the obtained net-shape antenna of Shape design while requirement on electric performance is met, it is ensured that structure can be real
, there is certain difficulty in existing property.
Papers of the Shuxin Zhang in 2014《Sensitivity analysis of faceted reflector
antennas and a contour beam synthesis technology》In based on Sensitivity Analysis Method to plane spell
Close reflecting surface to have carried out assuming that the x of reflecting surface node, y-coordinate keep constant in figuration research, text, expired by designing z coordinate
Sufficient requirement on electric performance, the reflecting surface that this method is obtained is rough, for net-shape antenna, is to pass through in structure
What tensioning was realized.
Papers of the H.Tanaka in 2006《Design optimization studies for large-scale
contoured beam deployable satellite antennas》In based on electromechanical separating thought to hoop truss formula net
Shape antenna has carried out figuration research, and the figuration of rope net is divided into two steps by this method：First, plane wave side is used from electrical property
The figuration face of method design ideal；Then, design cable mesh reflector makes it go to approach preferable figuration face as far as possible.This method was designed
Journey is numerous and diverse, and figuration ability is very limited.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of based on electromechanical integrated net-shape antenna
Shaped-beam design method, it is a kind of to realize that figuration is electrical as far as possible by directly designing the force density of netted antenna structure
The electromechanical integrated Shape design method that can be required.
The technical scheme is that, it is a kind of based on electromechanical integrated net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method, its feature
It is：At least comprise the following steps：
Step 101：The basic electrical parameter and geometric parameter of net-shape antenna are determined, including：The working frequency f of antenna, antenna
Bore D, provinculum net focal length F, provinculum net offset or dish p, antenna height H；
Step 102：According to the cutting mode of offset parabola, the original shape of provinculum net and rear rope net is obtained；
Step 103：It is determined that the Antenna Far Field observed direction (AZ corresponding to the region with figuration requirementi,ELi) and figuration
The gain requirement D in regioni≥Dobj(i=1~Nfar)；Wherein, (AZi,ELi) represent that the angle of i-th of far field observed direction is sat
Mark, DiFor the yield value in i-th of far field observed direction, DobjFor the target gain value required by figuration region, NfarFor far field
Observation station number；
Step 104：Initial mesh division is carried out to front and rear rope net, radial grid, three-way grid or standard can be divided into
Geodesic curve grid configuration, using the result of mesh generation as rope net Shape design initial topology configuration, and by corresponding node
The data file of coordinate information and rope section topological connection relation finish message into set form；
Step 105：Set up the electromechanical Integrated Optimization Model of net-shape antenna shaped-beam design；
Step 106：The Optimized model set up by optimisation strategy iterative step 105；
Step 107：Terminate the Shape design of net-shape antenna.
Described step 105, comprises the following steps：
Step 601：Determine design variable.It regard the force density of provinculum net and vertical rustling sound unit as design variable, q=
[q1,q2…,qm]T, wherein, m represents the cable elements total number of provinculum net and vertical rope；
Step 602：Determine object function.The Shape design of net-shape antenna, it is optimal to pursue electrical property, and knot is pursued again
The Tension Evenness of structure is optimal, and it is that single goal object function is as follows that multiple objective function, which is integrated,：
In formula,
WithThe respectively normalization coefficient of each object function；w1, w2, w3And w4Respectively the weight coefficient of each object function, meets
w1+w2+w3+w4=1 and w1,w2,w3,w4≥0；The maximum and minimum value of provinculum net tension force is represented respectively；The maximum and minimum value of vertical rope tensility is represented respectively；
Step 603：Determine constraints.Need the constraints met as follows：
1) whole antenna cable net structure is in stress balance state, that is, meets
In formula, C is cable net structure topological matrix, and Q is the diagonal matrix that rope net force density is constituted；
[x,y,z]T=[x1,…,xn,y1,…,yn,z1,…,zn]TThe vector constituted for rope net node coordinate, n is rope net
Node total number mesh；
2) cable net structure is in the self-balancing state without slack line, should meet
qj≥q, (j=1~m)
In formula, qjCable elements j force density value is represented,qFor the lower limit of force density, m is design variable number；
Step 604：Set up Optimized model.601~step 603 of combining step, Optimized model is as follows
Find q=[q1,q2…,qm]T
S.t. qj≥q, (j=1~m)
Described step 106, comprises the following steps：
Step 701：One group of initial value to standing wire net force density；
Step 702：According to the topology configuration C and boundary node coordinate of rope net, rope net is obtained by force density equilibrium equation
Node coordinate after balance；
Step 703：According to current force density value and equilibrium state node coordinate, the length L of all cable elements is obtained, and is asked
Go out the tension force T=QL of all cable elements；
Step 704：Provinculum net, vertical rope, integrally-built maximum tension ratio are obtained respectivelyWith
Step 705：Rope net node coordinate under the current equilibrium state tried to achieve according to step 702, extracts the section of provinculum net
Point coordinates, for calculating far field electrical property；
Step 706：The yield value D at each far field observation station of current cable net structure is calculated using physical optical methodi；
Step 707：Combining step 704 and step 706, obtain current target function value；
Step 708：Judge whether object function has been achieved with minimum value；
Step 709：If whether object function has been achieved with minimum value, iteration terminates；Otherwise, by optimisation strategy, change
Become design variable q value, to untill object function obtains minimum value；
The present invention compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the invention that：1) method of the invention is by directly designing netted day
The force density of cable architecture realizes the requirement of far field electrical property as far as possible, realizes electromechanical Integrated design, and design process is concise；2)
The figuration net-shape antenna that the inventive method design is obtained not only meets the target of far field electrical property, and Tension Evenness is good,
With good engineering application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is based on electromechanical integrated net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method overview flow chart；
Wire side generating mode schematic diagram before and after Fig. 2 offset parabolic antennas；
There is the far field observation area schematic diagram of gain requirement in Fig. 3 Shape designs；
Fig. 4 net-shape antenna structure initial mesh front views；
Fig. 5 net-shape antenna structure initial mesh top views；
The Establishing process figure of the electromechanical Integrated Optimization Model of Fig. 6 net-shape antennas shaped-beam design；
The iterative flow chart of Fig. 7 net-shape antenna shaped-beam design optimization models；
Net-shape antenna structure initial mesh front view in Fig. 8 simulation examples after figuration；
Net-shape antenna structure initial mesh top view in Fig. 9 simulation examples after figuration；
Net-shape antenna far gain contour map in Figure 10 simulation examples after figuration.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of based on electromechanical integrated net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method, it is one kind by direct
Design the force density of netted antenna structure to realize the electromechanical integrated Shape design method of figuration requirement on electric performance as far as possible, wrap
Include following steps：
Step 101：The basic electrical parameter and geometric parameter of net-shape antenna are determined, including：The working frequency f of antenna, antenna
Bore D, provinculum net focal length F, provinculum net offset or dish p, antenna height H；
Step 102：According to the cutting mode of offset parabola, the original shape of provinculum net and rear rope net is obtained；Antenna is thrown
The generating mode of object plane is as shown in Fig. 2 wherein, OXYZ is antenna global coordinate system, and oxyz is rope net antenna local coordinate system；
In antenna local coordinate system oxyz, provinculum net is identical with rear rope net geometry, " back-to-back " form is presented, as shown in Figure 4；
Step 103：It is determined that the Antenna Far Field observed direction (AZ corresponding to the region with figuration requirementi,ELi) and figuration
The gain requirement D in regioni≥Dobj(i=1~Nfar)；Wherein, (AZi,ELi) represent that the angle of i-th of far field observed direction is sat
Mark, DiFor the yield value in i-th of far field observed direction, DobjFor the target gain value required by figuration region, NfarFor far field
Observation station number；Certain antenna figuration region and observed direction as shown in figure 3, the region by it is discrete be 73 far field observed directions,
Cover continental United States' map；
Step 104：Initial mesh division is carried out to front and rear rope net, radial grid, three-way grid or standard can be divided into
Geodesic curve grid configuration, as the initial topology configuration of rope net Shape design, and by corresponding node coordinate information and rope
Data file of the section topological connection relation finish message into set form；As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, front and rear rope networking is divided into three
To grid configuration；
Step 105：Set up the electromechanical Integrated Optimization Model of net-shape antenna shaped-beam design；
Step 106：The Optimized model set up by optimisation strategy iterative step 105；
Step 107：Terminate the Shape design of net-shape antenna.
As shown in fig. 6, described step 105 sets up the electromechanical Integrated Optimization Model of net-shape antenna shaped-beam design, tool
Body is involved the steps of：
Step 601：Determine design variable.It regard the force density of provinculum net and vertical rustling sound unit as design variable, q=
[q1,q2…,qm]T, wherein, m represents the cable elements total number of provinculum net and vertical rope；
Step 602：Determine object function.The Shape design of net-shape antenna, it is optimal to pursue electrical property, and knot is pursued again
The Tension Evenness of structure is optimal, and it is that single goal object function is as follows that multiple objective function, which is integrated,：
In formula,
WithThe respectively normalization coefficient of each object function；w1, w2, w3And w4Respectively the weight coefficient of each object function, meets
w1+w2+w3+w4=1 and w1,w2,w3,w4≥0；The maximum and minimum value of provinculum net tension force is represented respectively；The maximum and minimum value of vertical rope tensility is represented respectively；
Step 603：Determine constraints.Need the constraints met as follows：
1) whole antenna cable net structure is in stress balance state, that is, meets
In formula, C is cable net structure topological matrix, and Q is the diagonal matrix that rope net force density is constituted；
[x,y,z]T=[x1,…,xn,y1,…,yn,z1,…,zn]TThe vector constituted for rope net node coordinate, n is rope net
Node total number mesh；
2) cable net structure is in the self-balancing state without slack line, should meet
qj≥q, (j=1~m)
In formula, qjCable elements j force density value is represented,qFor the lower limit of force density, m is design variable number；
Step 604：Set up Optimized model.601~step 603 of combining step, Optimized model is as follows
Find q=[q1,q2…,qm]T
S.t. qj≥q, (j=1~m)
As shown in fig. 7, the Optimized model that described step 106 is set up by optimisation strategy iterative step 105, tool
Body is involved the steps of：
Step 701：One group of initial value to standing wire net force density；
Step 702：According to the topology configuration C and boundary node coordinate of rope net, rope net is obtained by force density equilibrium equation
Node coordinate after balance；
Step 703：According to current force density value and equilibrium state node coordinate, the length L of all cable elements is obtained, and is asked
Go out the tension force T=QL of all cable elements；
Step 704：Provinculum net, vertical rope, integrally-built maximum tension ratio are obtained respectivelyWith
Step 705：Rope net node coordinate under the current equilibrium state tried to achieve according to step 702, extracts (the reflection of provinculum net
Face) node coordinate, for calculating far field electrical property；
Step 706：The yield value D at each far field observation station of current cable net structure is calculated using physical optical methodi；
Step 707：Combining step 704 and step 706, obtain current target function value；
Step 708：Judge whether object function has been achieved with minimum value；
Step 709：If whether object function has been achieved with minimum value, iteration terminates；Otherwise, by optimisation strategy, change
Become design variable q value, to untill object function obtains minimum value；
Advantages of the present invention can be further illustrated by following emulation experiment：
1. simulated conditions：
Antenna physical bore is 2.5 meters, and provinculum net focal length is 2.5 meters, and provinculum net offset or dish is 1.55 meters, antenna truss
Total height is 0.45 meter, and the working frequency of antenna is 3GHz；The initial configuration of net-shape antenna is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5；With far field
The far field observation area of gain requirement is as shown in figure 3, the target gain in the region is Dobj=28dB, far field observation station number
For Nfar=73.
The antenna cable net structure is carried out based on electromechanical integrated Shape design using the method for the present invention.In design process
The normalization coefficient and weight coefficient value of each object function are as shown in table 1.
The normalization coefficient and weight coefficient of each object function of table 1
2. simulation result：
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, its far gain contour map is as shown in Figure 10, figuration for net-shape antenna configuration after figuration
Far gain data and rope force data afterwards are as shown in table 2.
Compared by Fig. 9 and Fig. 5, it can be seen that x, the y-coordinate of obtained shaped aerial rope net node are designed by this method
Obvious change is there occurs, rope net grid is no longer uniformly distributed in perspective plane, presentation intermediate region grid is small, fringe region net
The characteristics of lattice are big；As shown in Figure 10, the figuration net-shape antenna obtained by this method meets the requirement of far gain well；
Net-shape antenna after figuration it can be seen from the data of table 2 not only meets the requirement of far gain well, and its tension force is equal
Even property is also preferable, disclosure satisfy that the actual requirement of engineering.
The far gain and rope net tension effect of net-shape antenna after the figuration of table 2
Above-mentioned simulation numerical experiment proof, can be rationally and effectively to hoop truss formula unfolded reticular antenna using the present invention
Carry out Shape design.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of based on electromechanical integrated spaceborne net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method, it is characterized in that：At least include following step
Suddenly：
Step 101：The basic electrical parameter and geometric parameter of net-shape antenna are determined, including：The working frequency f of antenna, the mouth of antenna
Footpath D, provinculum net focal length F, provinculum net offset or dish p, antenna height H；
Step 102：According to the cutting mode of offset parabola, the original shape of provinculum net and rear rope net is obtained；
Step 103：It is determined that the Antenna Far Field observed direction (AZ corresponding to the region with figuration requirementi,ELi) and figuration region
Gain requirement Di≥Dobj, i values are 1,2 ..., Nfar；Wherein, (AZi,ELi) represent i-th of far field observed direction angle
Coordinate, DiFor the yield value in i-th of far field observed direction, DobjFor the target gain value required by figuration region, NfarTo be remote
Field observation station number；
Step 104：Initial mesh division is carried out to front and rear rope net, radial grid, three-way grid or quasi- geodetic can be divided into
Gauze case form, using the result of mesh generation as rope net Shape design initial topology configuration, and by corresponding node coordinate
The data file of information and rope section topological connection relation finish message into set form；
Step 105：Set up the electromechanical Integrated Optimization Model of net-shape antenna shaped-beam design；
Step 106：The Optimized model set up by optimisation strategy iterative step 105；
Step 107：Terminate the Shape design of net-shape antenna；
Described step 105, comprises the following steps：
Step 601：Determine design variable；It regard the force density of provinculum net and vertical rustling sound unit as design variable, q=[q1,
q2…,qm]T, wherein, m represents the cable elements total number of provinculum net and vertical rope；
Step 602：Determine object function；The Shape design of net-shape antenna, should pursue that electrical property is optimal, and structure is pursued again
Tension Evenness is optimal, and it is that single goal object function is as follows that multiple objective function, which is integrated,：
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In formula,f1 0、
WithThe respectively normalization coefficient of each object function；w1, w2, w3And w4Respectively the weight coefficient of each object function, meets
w1+w2+w3+w4=1, w1≥0、w2≥0、w3>=0 and w4≥0；Respectively represent provinculum net tension force maximum and most
Small value；The maximum and minimum value of vertical rope tensility is represented respectively；For integrally-built maximum tension ratio；
Step 603：Determine constraints；Need the constraints met as follows：
1) whole antenna cable net structure is in stress balance state, that is, meets
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In formula, C is cable net structure topological matrix, and Q is the diagonal matrix that rope net force density is constituted；[x,y,z]T=[x1,…,xn,
y1,…,yn,z1,…,zn]TThe vector constituted for rope net node coordinate, n is rope net node total number mesh；
2) cable net structure is in the self-balancing state without slack line, should meet
qj≥q, j values are 1,2 ..., m
In formula, qjCable elements j force density value is represented,qFor the lower limit of force density, m is design variable number；
Step 604：Set up Optimized model；601~step 603 of combining step, Optimized model is as follows
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on electromechanical integrated spaceborne net-shape antenna shaped-beam design method, it is special
Levying is：
Described step 106, comprises the following steps：
Step 701：One group of initial value to standing wire net force density；
Step 702：According to the topology configuration C and boundary node coordinate of rope net, rope net is obtained by force density equilibrium equation and balanced
Node coordinate afterwards；
Step 703：According to current force density value and equilibrium state node coordinate, the length L of all cable elements is obtained, and obtains institute
There is the tension force T=QL of cable elements；
Step 704：Provinculum net, vertical rope, integrally-built maximum tension ratio are obtained respectivelyWith
Step 705：Rope net node coordinate under the current equilibrium state tried to achieve according to step 702, the node for extracting provinculum net is sat
Mark, for calculating far field electrical property；
Step 706：The yield value D at each far field observation station of current cable net structure is calculated using physical optical methodi；
Step 707：Combining step 704 and step 706, obtain current target function value；
Step 708：Judge whether object function has been achieved with minimum value；
Step 709：If whether object function has been achieved with minimum value, iteration terminates；Otherwise, by optimisation strategy, change is set
Variable q value is counted, to untill object function obtains minimum value.
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