CN104792560A - Mechanical calculation model, mechanical performance testing device and mechanical performance testing method for squared stone constructed stone wall mortar joint - Google Patents
Mechanical calculation model, mechanical performance testing device and mechanical performance testing method for squared stone constructed stone wall mortar joint Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mechanical calculation model, a mechanical performance testing device and a mechanical performance testing method for a squared stone constructed stone wall mortar joint. The mechanical calculation model for the squared stone constructed stone wall mortar joint comprises a stone wall mortar joint unit model, vertical spring units and horizontal spring units are adopted to simulate mechanical behaviors of the stone wall mortar joint unit model in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, the vertical spring units are linear units, and the horizontal spring units are nonlinear units. The testing device and the testing method for mechanical performance of the squared stone constructed stone wall mortar joint are provided according to needs determined by parameters of the mechanical calculation model. The mechanical calculation model has the advantages that the nonlinear characteristics of squared stone shearing and slipping along the mortar joint under reciprocating action of an earthquake and rigidity in vertical compressive deformation under combined action of the earthquake and vertical pressure are fully taken into consideration, an actual mechanical behavior process of the stone wall mortar joint unit model can be fitted better, and an accurate constitutive model is provided for finite-element earthquake reaction analysis for a stone structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Architectural Mechanics model, test unit and test method, particularly a kind of rectangular slab of stone and build stone walling mortar joint mechanical model, test unit and test method by laying bricks or stones.
Background technology
ALONG COASTAL FUJIAN is located in circum-Pacific seismic zone, and the stone walling of being built by laying bricks or stones by the rectangular slab of stone exists in this area in a large number as the stone structure building local-style dwelling houses of main lateral resisting structure component, thus the situation is tense to cause this area's Seismic Resistance And Disaster Reduction work.Under geological process, the rectangular slab of stone builds the principal character that stone walling slipping of mortar joints destruction is stone structure eaerthquake damage by laying bricks or stones.The mechanical behavior of stone walling mortar joint unit under compressed stress and low all reciprocal horizontal load actions and failure mechanism set up the rectangular slab of stone to build stone walling Nonlinear Numerical Simulation analytical model by laying bricks or stones, and the key issue of the overall anti-seismic performance of research stone structure.
More domestic and international at present theoretical analysises and experimental study were carried out to this problem, but the brick-building art of building stone walling due to the rectangular slab of stone by laying bricks or stones is different from conventional building element with building block physical characteristics, there is following problem in the body of wall mortar joint unit computation model that this kind of research institute is set up: (1) simply sets up the constant desirable computation model of friction factor by a mole Coulomb friction theory, ignore the index variation of barnacle block after slipping of mortar joints from static friction to kinetic friction, also have ignored the change of friction factor under earthquake reciprocating; (2) the mortar joint shear slip curve rigidity of existing computation model is constant, does not meet the actual mechanical behavior process of stone walling mortar joint unit; (3) existing model is only for the Mechanics Calculation at dry stone wall interface, is not suitable for other and grouts and build stone walling.
Simultaneously, because the rectangular slab of stone builds complicacy and the loading characteristic thereof that test specimen used tested by stone walling mortar joint by laying bricks or stones, there is following problem in existing test unit: (1) most of test unit only can realize unidirectional horizontal addload, cannot realize horizontal direction low cyclic loading; (2) existing can to realize the reciprocal charger of horizontal direction undersized, only can be suitable for reduced scale test specimen, and not consider stone walling mortar joint unit vertical deformation boundary condition freely, there is the problems such as the scope of application is little, boundary condition is undesirable.
Given this, inventor conducts in-depth research, and then has this case to produce.
Summary of the invention
An arbitrary boundary conditions ideal, perfect in shape and function, the rectangular slab of stone applied widely is the object of the present invention is to provide to build stone walling mortar joint mechanics model, test unit and test method by laying bricks or stones.
To achieve these goals, the rectangular slab of stone of the present invention is built stone walling mortar joint mechanics model by laying bricks or stones and is adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanics model by laying bricks or stones, comprise stone walling mortar joint model of element, described stone walling mortar joint model of element comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone, there is a mortar joint, adopt stone walling mortar joint model of element described in Vertical Spring unit and horizontal spring unit simulation at mechanical behavior that is vertical and level two direction respectively, described Vertical Spring unit is linear unit, and described horizontal spring unit is non-linear unit.
As a modification of the present invention, the skeleton curve of described non-linear unit is the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, and the hesteresis curve of described non-linear unit is the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric.
To achieve these goals, the rectangular slab of stone of the present invention is built stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones and is adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones, comprise reaction frame, vertically be fixed on the linear bearing on described reaction frame, for the clamping assembly of clamping test specimen, the horizontal addload assembly of horizontal direction test force is provided and the vertical charging assembly of vertical direction test force is provided, described linear bearing comprises the line slideway vertically placed and the slide block coordinated with described line slideway, described clamping assembly comprise two be horizontally disposed with and the first screw rod group be parallel to each other and one between two described first screw rod group and second screw rod group parallel with described first screw rod group, one end and the described slide block of described first screw rod group are installed together, and the shaft of described first screw rod group is provided with two fastening steel plates for fixing test specimen position, one end of described second screw rod group is arranged on described horizontal addload assembly, the other end is provided with the compression steel plate for being pressed on by test specimen on described horizontal addload assembly, described vertical charging assembly is positioned at above test specimen.
As present invention further optimization, also comprise top roller bearing and bottom roller bearing, described bottom roller bearing is placed on floor or worktable, test specimen is placed on described bottom roller bearing, described top roller bearing is placed on test specimen, and described vertical charging assembly acts on the roller support of described top.
As of the present invention further preferred, described slide block is installed with junction steel plate, and described first screw rod group is fixed on described junction steel plate.
To achieve these goals, the rectangular slab of stone of the present invention is built stone walling mortar joint mechanical test method by laying bricks or stones and is adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical test method by laying bricks or stones, comprises the following steps:
S1, structure fabrication stone walling mortar joint model of element stone walling chosen stone walling mortar joint model of element or build stone walling according to the rectangular slab of stone by laying bricks or stones is built by laying bricks or stones at the rectangular slab of stone, described stone walling mortar joint model of element comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, has a mortar joint between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone;
S2, modeling is carried out to described stone walling mortar joint model of element, adopt stone walling mortar joint model of element described in Vertical Spring unit and horizontal spring unit simulation in the mechanical property of vertical and horizontal both direction respectively, described Vertical Spring unit is linear unit, described horizontal spring unit is non-linear unit, obtains the constitutive model of described Vertical Spring unit and the resilience model of described horizontal spring unit after modeling;
S3, described stone walling mortar joint model of element is placed on the above-mentioned rectangular slab of stone to build by laying bricks or stones on stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device and test, the rigidity of described Vertical Spring unit and described horizontal spring unit is calculated respectively according to the data of test acquisition, again the numerical value of above-mentioned rigidity is put into described constitutive model and described resilience model, obtain the rectangular slab of stone and build stone walling mortar joint mechanical property by laying bricks or stones.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described resilience model comprises skeleton curve and hesteresis curve, during modeling, described skeleton curve is reduced to the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, described hesteresis curve is reduced to the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, mechanics model of the present invention, take into full account that the rectangular slab of stone is along the nonlinear characteristic of mortar joint in the slippage of earthquake reciprocating down cut, and vertical compression deformation rigidity under geological process and vertical pressure acting in conjunction, more meet the actual mechanical behavior process of stone walling mortar joint model of element, constitutive model is accurately provided for carrying out stone structure finite element seismic response analysis, compared to prior art, this model considers that nonlinear mechanics feature, refining are accurate, applied widely.
2, the linear bearing that can vertically slide is formed by the cooperation of slide block and line slideway, realize the simulation of the rectangular slab of stone being built by laying bricks or stones to the vertical boundary condition of stone walling mortar joint, significantly improve boundary condition requirement, compared to prior art, boundary condition is more desirable, function is more perfect, the scope of application is wider.
3, test unit of the present invention adopts screw rod group to fix test specimen, and low, easy for installation to sample dimensions restriction, adaptability is stronger.
4, test unit of the present invention can realize test specimen top and vertically loads and side horizontal and center can load separately or load simultaneously and back and forth load, and loading scheme selectivity is more, and loading procedure is convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is stone walling mortar joint model of element computation model schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is constitutive model schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is resilience model skeleton curve figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 b is resilience model hesteresis curve figure in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the rectangular slab of stone of the present invention builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones;
Fig. 5 is the cut-open view of A-A position in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is that the rectangular slab of stone of the present invention builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device scheme of installation by laying bricks or stones.
In figure, corresponding sign is as follows:
10-Vertical Spring unit; 20-horizontal spring unit;
30-stone walling mortar joint model of element (test specimen); 40-reaction frame;
50-linear bearing; 51-line slideway;
52-slide block; 60-clamping assembly;
61-first screw rod group; 62-second screw rod group;
64-fastening steel plate; 65-compresses steel plate;
66-junction steel plate; 70-horizontal addload assembly;
The vertical charging assembly of 80-; 91-top roller bearing;
92-bottom roller bearing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, the rectangular slab of stone that the present embodiment provides builds stone walling mortar joint mechanics model by laying bricks or stones, comprises stone walling mortar joint model of element 30, and stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, has a mortar joint between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone.
Adopt Vertical Spring unit 10 and horizontal spring unit 20 to simulate stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 at mechanical behavior that is vertical and level two direction respectively, Vertical Spring unit is linear unit, and suppose that its rigidity is constant K, then its constitutive model as shown in Figure 2.
Horizontal spring unit is non-linear unit, and the skeleton curve of this non-linear unit is the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, and the hesteresis curve of described non-linear unit is the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, supposes K
0represent the rigidity of starting stage, K
1represent the rigidity of strain, K
2represent the rigidity of catagen phase, K
3represent the rigidity of unloading phase, △
p, △
mand △
urepresent skeleton curve unique point P respectively
p(i.e. horizontal loading proportional limit value), P
m(i.e. horizontal loading maximal value) and P
uthe slip value of the horizontal direction that (i.e. horizontal loading ultimate value) is corresponding, in figure, numeral 1 ~ 4 represents unique point corresponding with skeleton curve on hesteresis curve respectively, then its force diagram as shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows.
The present embodiment also provides the rectangular slab of stone according to needing of determining of above-mentioned mechanics model parameter and builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device and test method by laying bricks or stones, and this test method comprises the following steps:
S1, builds by laying bricks or stones on stone walling at the rectangular slab of stone and chooses stone walling mortar joint model of element, or builds the structure fabrication stone walling mortar joint model of element of stone walling by laying bricks or stones according to the rectangular slab of stone, and it can be dry stone wall that the rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling by laying bricks or stones, also can be have the stone walling grouting and build stone walling or other types.The stone walling mortar joint model of element choosing acquisition comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, has a mortar joint between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone.The particular location that stone walling mortar joint model of element is built by laying bricks or stones on stone walling at the rectangular slab of stone can be selected or random selecting according to actual needs.Its size also can be tested needs according to reality and be selected.
S2, modeling is carried out to stone walling mortar joint model of element, as shown in Figure 1, Vertical Spring unit 10 and horizontal spring unit 20 is adopted to simulate the mechanical property of stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 in vertical and horizontal both direction respectively, consider that stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 is limited in vertical stiffness variation, for the ease of calculating, in the present embodiment Vertical Spring unit 10 is reduced to linear unit, suppose that its rigidity is constant K, then can draw out the constitutive model of Vertical Spring unit 10 as shown in Figure 2, in this constitutive model, F represents the vertical force suffered by stone walling mortar joint model of element 30, △ represents the slip value that stone walling mortar joint model of element is vertical, F
mrepresent vertical load maximal value, △
mrepresent vertical slippage maximal value.
Horizontal spring unit 20 is non-linear unit, the resilience model obtained after its modeling comprises skeleton curve and hesteresis curve, during modeling, skeleton curve is reduced to the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, hesteresis curve is reduced to the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, then can draw out resilience model as shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows, in this resilience model, P represents the power of the horizontal direction suffered by stone walling mortar joint model of element 30, △ represents the slip value of stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 horizontal direction, along with P is worth increasing, horizontal spring unit 20 in the horizontal direction can successively through the starting stage, strain, catagen phase and unloading phase, its rigidity is different in each stage, in the present embodiment, use K
0represent the rigidity of starting stage, K
1represent the rigidity of strain, K
2represent the rigidity of catagen phase, K
3represent the rigidity of unloading phase, △
p, △
mand △
urepresent skeleton curve unique point P respectively
p(i.e. horizontal loading proportional limit value), P
m(i.e. horizontal loading maximal value) and P
uthe slip value of the horizontal direction that (i.e. horizontal loading ultimate value) is corresponding, in figure, numeral 1 ~ 4 represents unique point corresponding with skeleton curve on hesteresis curve respectively.
S3, stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 is placed on the rectangular slab of stone to build by laying bricks or stones on stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device and test, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the rectangular slab of stone that the present embodiment provides builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones, comprise reaction frame 40, be vertically fixed on linear bearing 50 on reaction frame 40, for clamping stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 (i.e. test specimen 30) clamping assembly 60, the horizontal addload assembly 70 of horizontal direction test force is provided, the vertical charging assembly 80 of vertical direction test force and top roller bearing 91 and bottom roller bearing 92 is provided.Linear bearing 50 comprises the line slideway 51 vertically placed and the slide block 52 coordinated with this line slideway 51, and reaction frame 40 is conventional triangle reaction frame, and line slideway 50 is high load capacity line slideway.Certainly, the rectangular slab of stone builds the control system that stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device also comprises level of control charging assembly 70 and vertical charging assembly 80 work schedule by laying bricks or stones, this control system is conventional control system, horizontal addload assembly 70 and vertical charging assembly 80 are also conventional charging assemblies, no longer describe in detail herein.
It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 6, horizontal addload assembly 70 is preferably arranged on another reaction frame, and this reaction frame and reaction frame 40 are above placed in opposite directions, and vertical charging assembly 80 is preferably arranged on the crossbeam that can provide support for vertical charging assembly 80.
Clamping assembly 60 comprise two be horizontally disposed with and the first screw rod group 61 be parallel to each other and one between two the first screw rod group 61 and second screw rod group 62 parallel with the first screw rod group 61, first screw rod group 61 and the second screw rod group 62 fix the corresponding rectangular slab of stone on stone walling mortar joint model of element 30 respectively, and namely each first screw rod group 61 or the second screw rod group 62 fix a rectangular slab of stone on stone walling mortar joint model of element 30.
One end and the slide block 52 of the first screw rod group 61 are installed together, and such linear bearing 50 can limit the tangential movement of test specimen 30 fixed position, and the vertical boundary condition that simultaneously horizontal slip can be provided to rub, realizes the comparatively ideal vertical Free Transform of test specimen 30.
The shaft of the first screw rod group 61 being provided with the two ends that two fastening steel plate 64, two fastening steel plates 64 for fixing test specimen 30 position lay respectively at test specimen 30, realizing fastening to test specimen 30 position by locking in opposite directions.In addition, more firm in order to ensure the connection between the first screw rod group 61 and slide block 52, in the present embodiment, slide block 52 is installed with junction steel plate 66, the first screw rod group 61 is installed together with slide block 52 indirectly by being fixed on junction steel plate 66.
One end of second screw rod group 62 is arranged on horizontal addload assembly 70, and the other end is provided with the compression steel plate 65 for being pressed on by test specimen 30 on horizontal addload assembly 70, and namely test specimen 30 is clamped at and compresses on steel plate 65 and horizontal addload assembly 70.
Bottom roller bearing 92 is placed on floor, worktable or other horizontal checkout platforms, test specimen 30 is placed on bottom roller bearing 92, top roller bearing 91 to be positioned at above test specimen and to be placed on test specimen 30, vertical charging assembly 80 acts on top roller support 91, by using, top roller bearing 91 and bottom roller bearing 92, effectively can reduce boundary friction when loading and the additional bending moment that produces on the impact of test structure
During test, the load of loading is increased gradually by control system level of control charging assembly 70 and/or vertical charging assembly 80, record load value and test specimen 30 on the rectangular slab of stone in slip value that is vertical and/or horizontal direction, particularly to record the numerical value of each unique point in resilience model, the rigidity of Vertical Spring unit and horizontal spring unit is calculated respectively according to the data of test acquisition, again the numerical value of obtained rigidity is put into constitutive model and resilience model, obtain the rectangular slab of stone build stone walling mortar joint mechanical property by laying bricks or stones.
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been detailed description; but embodiments of the present invention are not limited in above-mentioned embodiment; those skilled in the art can make various distortion to the present invention according to prior art; as limited the size etc. of top roller bearing 91 and bottom roller bearing 92 according to the set size of test specimen and load bearing requirements, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanics model by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, comprise stone walling mortar joint model of element, described stone walling mortar joint model of element comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone, there is a mortar joint, adopt stone walling mortar joint model of element described in Vertical Spring unit and horizontal spring unit simulation at mechanical behavior that is vertical and level two direction respectively, described Vertical Spring unit is linear unit, and described horizontal spring unit is non-linear unit.
2. the rectangular slab of stone as claimed in claim 1 builds stone walling mortar joint mechanics model by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, the skeleton curve of described non-linear unit is the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, and the hesteresis curve of described non-linear unit is the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric.
3. a rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, comprise reaction frame, vertically be fixed on the linear bearing on described reaction frame, for the clamping assembly of clamping test specimen, the horizontal addload assembly of horizontal direction test force is provided and the vertical charging assembly of vertical direction test force is provided, described linear bearing comprises the line slideway vertically placed and the slide block coordinated with described line slideway, described clamping assembly comprise two be horizontally disposed with and the first screw rod group be parallel to each other and one between two described first screw rod group and second screw rod group parallel with described first screw rod group, one end and the described slide block of described first screw rod group are installed together, and the shaft of described first screw rod group is provided with two fastening steel plates for fixing test specimen position, one end of described second screw rod group is arranged on described horizontal addload assembly, the other end is provided with the compression steel plate for being pressed on by test specimen on described horizontal addload assembly, described vertical charging assembly is positioned at above test specimen.
4. the rectangular slab of stone as claimed in claim 3 builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, also comprise top roller bearing and bottom roller bearing, described bottom roller bearing is placed on floor or worktable, test specimen is placed on described bottom roller bearing, described top roller bearing is placed on test specimen, and described vertical charging assembly acts on the roller support of described top.
5. the rectangular slab of stone as described in claim 3 or 4 builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, described slide block is installed with junction steel plate, and described first screw rod group is fixed on described junction steel plate.
6. the rectangular slab of stone builds a stone walling mortar joint mechanical test method by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1, structure fabrication stone walling mortar joint model of element stone walling chosen stone walling mortar joint model of element or build stone walling according to the rectangular slab of stone by laying bricks or stones is built by laying bricks or stones at the rectangular slab of stone, described stone walling mortar joint model of element comprises three adjacent and rectangular slabs of stone of vertically arrangement, has a mortar joint between every two adjacent rectangular slabs of stone;
S2, modeling is carried out to described stone walling mortar joint model of element, adopt stone walling mortar joint model of element described in Vertical Spring unit and horizontal spring unit simulation in the mechanical property of vertical and horizontal both direction respectively, described Vertical Spring unit is linear unit, described horizontal spring unit is non-linear unit, obtains the constitutive model of described Vertical Spring unit and the resilience model of described horizontal spring unit after modeling;
S3, the described stone walling mortar joint model of element rectangular slab of stone be placed on described in claim 3 or 4 is built by laying bricks or stones on stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device and test, the rigidity of described Vertical Spring unit and described horizontal spring unit is calculated respectively according to the data of test acquisition, again the numerical value of above-mentioned rigidity is put into described constitutive model and described resilience model, obtain the rectangular slab of stone and build stone walling mortar joint mechanical property by laying bricks or stones.
7. the rectangular slab of stone as claimed in claim 6 builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical test method by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that, described resilience model comprises skeleton curve and hesteresis curve, during modeling, described skeleton curve is reduced to the tri linear formula curve of positive and negative curve symmetric, described hesteresis curve is reduced to the Stiffness Deterioration four-wire type curve of positive and negative curve symmetric.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510192106.0A CN104792560B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | The rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones |
| CN201711188589.2A CN108426763B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Mechanical property test method for mortar joint of stone masonry stone wall |
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| CN201510192106.0A CN104792560B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | The rectangular slab of stone builds stone walling mortar joint mechanical property test device by laying bricks or stones |
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| CN201711188589.2A Division CN108426763B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | Mechanical property test method for mortar joint of stone masonry stone wall |
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| CN113434941A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Method for simulating mechanical property of sandwich thermal insulation wall by adopting composite material connecting piece |
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| CN109612839A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-12 | 洛阳市轨道交通有限责任公司 | A kind of geotechnical model test device |
| CN110826287B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-08-18 | 宁波大学 | Design parameter determination method for frame-swinging wall structure |
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| CN108426763B (en) | 2020-06-05 |
| CN104792560B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
| CN108426763A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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