Background technology
Helicoid hydraulic motor take mud as a kind of subsurface tool of power, and it is made up of driving-shaft assembly, versatile spindle assembly, motor assembly, anti-lost assembly and by-pass valve assembly five major part.The performance of helicoid hydraulic motor depends primarily on motor assembly.Motor assembly is made up of stators and rotators, and stator is that pressure injection rubber bushing forms on steel pipe inner wall, and its rubber endoporus is the spiral with certain geometric parameter, and rotor is a screw rod having hard formation.Rotor and stator engage each other, and form helixseal chamber, to complete energy transformation by both helical pitch differences.
Motor assembly is the core component weighing helicoid hydraulic motor manufacture level, and the surface strengthening of motor assembly rotor parts is one of its key points, and rotor surface requires that hardness is high, abrasive wear resistance, erosion resistance, mud-corrosion resistant.The surface of domestic and international produced rotor mostly adopts traditional electrical hard chrome plating reinforcing process at present, one deck hard chrome coating is electroplated at rotor surface, hard chrome coating has the advantage that hardness is high, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, cost is low, but it uses for a long time having in corrosive salt water saturation mud medium, h2s gas well section, very easily there is large areas of pitting in coating, even de-chromium phenomenon, causes whole motor assembly to be scrapped, directly affects the work-ing life of helicoid hydraulic motor time serious.Its reason is that common hard chrome coating hardness is high, hard chrome coating interior microscopic exists a lot of tiny crack, inevitably produce through wall flaw, cause corrosive medium (as chlorion, sulfonium ion) to corrode rotor matrix (being generally steel) by tiny crack from surface penetration to interface, make hard chrome coating surface occur rust staining, spot corrosion even peeling phenomenon.
US Patent No. 5395221 discloses the screw rotor of a kind of surface-coated strengthening carbide or boride coating, adopt the rotor of this technical finesse can the drilling environment of the corrosive medium such as salt water resistance, there is better wear resistance simultaneously, but shortcoming is with high costs.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above shortcomings in prior art, a kind of helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface is provided to strengthen composite bed and complete processing thereof, it is with low cost, simple to operate, and adopt the helicoid hydraulic motor rotor after this art breading to have good erosion resistance and wear resistance, be applicable to the drilling environment of salt water saturation mud medium.
The technical scheme that the problem that the present invention is the above-mentioned proposition of solution adopts is:
There is provided a kind of helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface to strengthen composite bed, described strengthening composite bed is divided into bottom, hard chrome coating outward successively from rotor surface, two nickel dams that described bottom is milky white layers of chrome or is made up of semi-bright nickel layer and bright nickel layer.
By such scheme, described milky white layers of chrome thickness is 0.001-0.30mm; Described semi-bright nickel layer thickness is 0.02-0.05mm, and bright nickel layer thickness is 0.005-0.03mm, and two nickel layer thickness of semi-bright nickel layer and bright nickel layer composition are 0.03-0.08mm; Described hard chrome coating thickness is 0.01-0.50mm.
Preferably, described hard chrome coating thickness is 0.01-0.3mm.
Preferably, described strengthening composite bed thickness is 0.15-0.35mm.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface reinforcing process: first at rotor surface plating bottom, two nickel dams that bottom is milky white layers of chrome or is made up of semi-bright nickel layer and bright nickel layer, re-plating hard chrome coating, bottom and hard chrome coating form composite deposite and strengthen rotor surface intensity.
In order to obtain intensity and the good helicoid hydraulic motor rotor of erosion resistance, the thickness of the present invention to each layer of described composite deposite carries out preferably.
By such scheme, described couple of nickel dam preparation technology first plates semi-bright nickel layer, then bright nickel plating layer, and described semi-bright nickel layer thickness is 0.02-0.05mm, bright nickel layer thickness is 0.005-0.03mm, and two nickel layer thickness of semi-bright nickel layer and bright nickel layer composition are 0.03-0.08mm.
By such scheme, the processing condition of described plating semi-bright nickel layer are: bath solution composition is: single nickel salt 280-320g/L, nickelous chloride 38-47g/L, boric acid 45-50g/L, wetting agent 1-3ml/L, brightening agent are appropriate, and processing parameter is: temperature 52 ± 2 DEG C, cathode current density 2.5-4.5A/dm
2, pH3.6-4.5;
The processing condition of electroplating bright nickel dam are: bath solution composition is: single nickel salt 200-240g/L, nickelous chloride 75-150g/L, wetting agent 1-3mL/L, brightening agent 5-40mL/L, and processing parameter is: temperature 52 ± 2 DEG C, cathode current density 3-5A/dm
2, pH3.5-4.4.
Preferably, described wetting agent is sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate.
Preferably, described brightening agent is the one in propiolic alcohol, butynediol, propoxy-butynediol.
By such scheme, described milky white layers of chrome thickness is 0.001-0.30mm;
Electroplating milky white layers of chrome processing condition is: bath solution composition is: chromic anhydride 180-350g/L, sulfuric acid 1.8-3.5g/L, trivalent chromium (Cr
3+) 2-8g/L, processing parameter is: temperature 65-75 DEG C, cathode current density 15-35A/dm
2; Or
Bath solution composition is: chromic anhydride 180-350g/L, sulfuric acid 1.8-3.5g/L, trivalent chromium 2-8g/L, hard chrome additive 20mL/L, and processing parameter is: temperature 80-85 DEG C, cathode current density 15-35A/dm
2.
By such scheme, described hard chrome coating thickness is 0.01-0.50mm, the processing condition of durionise layer are: bath solution composition is: chromic anhydride 180-350g/L, sulfuric acid 1.8-3.5g/L, trivalent chromium 2-8g/L, and processing parameter is: temperature 50-55 DEG C, cathode current density 30-45A/dm
2; Or
Bath solution composition is: chromic anhydride 180-350g/L, sulfuric acid 1.8-3.5g/L, trivalent chromium 3-8g/L, hard chrome additive 20mL/L, processing parameter: temperature 60-65 DEG C, cathode current density 35-40A/dm
2.
Preferably, total electroplating time is 7-10 hour.
The present invention also provides the helicoid hydraulic motor rotor adopting above-mentioned its surface of helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface reinforcing process process to obtain.
And the helicoid hydraulic motor to be made up of above-mentioned helicoid hydraulic motor rotor.
The present invention is at rotor outermost layer durionise layer, and it has following characteristics:
1. wear resistance is good, and Hard Chromium Coating is different with technique, and can obtain the hardness of 400 ~ 1200HV, the coefficient of sliding friction is about 50% of steel and cast iron, and has Adhesion Resistance;
2. erosion resistance is better, and chromium coating is i.e. surface passivation under slight oxygenizement, and form very thin and transparent passive film, remain unchanged for a long period of time look at normal temperatures, shields to chromium coating;
3. Hard Chromium Coating intensity thickness increases and reduces, and Hard Chromium Coating and substrate combinating strength, thus can effective antistrippings higher than bonding strength between self crystal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: bottom of the present invention and hard chrome coating form two nickel-hard chrome composite deposites or milky white-hard chrome composite deposite, milky white layers of chrome crystallization is careful, porosity is low, erosion resistance is strong, two nickel dam erosion resistance is strong, it is high that hard chrome coating itself has hardness, the feature that wear resistance is strong, therefore to overcome single hard chrome coating space many for two nickel-hard chrome composite deposite of being formed of bottom and hard chrome coating or milky white-hard chrome composite deposite, the shortcoming of non-corrosibility difference, not only corrosion-resistant but also wear-resistant, substantially increase the over-all properties of helicoid hydraulic motor rotor, therefore the work-ing life of helicoid hydraulic motor is significantly improved, efficiently solve helicoid hydraulic motor rotor corrosion-resistant in prior art, be not suitable for the drilling environment of salt water saturation mud medium or problem with high costs, obtain the helicoid hydraulic motor rotor of many-sided excellent performance.Adopt the helicoid hydraulic motor rotor erosion resistance prepared of present invention process and wear resistance is good, hardness is high, long service life is (under saltwater environment, use traditional hard chrome coating multi-rotor screw life-span to be 150-200 hour, and the composite deposite multi-rotor screw life-span adopting present invention process to prepare reach 250-300 hour).
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand technical scheme of the present invention better, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 electroplates strengthening composite bed (milky white layers of chrome-hard chrome coating)
The chemical composition of electroplating the bath solution of milky white layers of chrome and hard chrome coating is: chromic anhydride 230-280g/L, sulfuric acid 2.3-2.8g/L, trivalent chromium 3-8g/L.First electroplate milky white layers of chrome at helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface, the processing parameter electroplating milky white layers of chrome is: temperature 70-75 DEG C, cathode current density 15-25A/dm
2, thickness of coating 0.02-0.06mm.Again at helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface durionise layer, durionise layer process parameter: temperature 52-55 DEG C, cathode current density 35-40A/dm
2, thickness of coating 0.10-0.15mm.Metallographic detected result shows, closes on matrix and defines fine and close milky white layers of chrome.Under damp sand wear test 1000 turns of conditions, abrasion loss is 7 milligrams.Neutral salt spray test 500 hours, protection level is 10 grades, shows that composite bed has excellent wear resisting property and corrosion resistance.Under saltwater environment, the composite deposite multi-rotor screw life-span adopting present invention process to prepare reaches 250-300 hour.
Be illustrated in figure 1 in prior art the surperficial metallograph adopting conventional electroplating method Hard Chromium Coating, Fig. 2 is the surperficial metallograph of the present embodiment gained strengthening composite bed, and microtexture is consistent before and after using, as seen from the figure, rotor surface plating strengthening composite bed rear surface is obviously more smooth.
Embodiment 2 electroplates strengthening composite bed (milky white layers of chrome-hard chrome coating)
The chemical composition of electroplating the bath solution of milky white layers of chrome and hard chrome coating is: chromic anhydride 230-280g/L, sulfuric acid 2.3-2.8g/L, trivalent chromium 3-8g/L, hard chrome additive 20mL/L.First electroplate milky white layers of chrome at helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface, the processing parameter electroplating milky white layers of chrome is: temperature 80-85 DEG C, cathode current density 15-25A/dm
2, thickness of coating 0.02-0.06mm.Again at helicoid hydraulic motor rotor surface durionise layer, durionise layer process parameter: temperature 60-65 DEG C, cathode current density 35-40A/dm
2, thickness of coating 0.10-0.15mm.Metallographic detected result shows, closes on matrix and defines fine and close milky white chromium coating.Wearing test and neutral salt spray test show, the wear resisting property of composite bed and excellent corrosion resistance.Under saltwater environment, the composite deposite multi-rotor screw life-span adopting present invention process to prepare is similar to embodiment 1 test result.
Embodiment 3 electroplates strengthening composite bed (two nickel-hard chrome coating)
First electroplate semi-bright nickel layer, its bath solution chemical composition is: in right amount, processing parameter is: temperature 52 ± 2 DEG C, cathode current density 2.5-4.5A/dm for single nickel salt 280-320g/L, nickelous chloride 38-47g/L, boric acid 45-50g/L, wetting agent (sodium lauryl sulphate) 1-3mL/L, brightening agent (butynediol)
2, pH3.6-4.5, thickness of coating 0.02-0.05mm;
Re-plating bright nickel layer, its bath solution chemical composition is: single nickel salt 200-240g/L, nickelous chloride 75-150g/L, wetting agent (sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfate) 1-3mL/L, brightening agent (propoxy-butynediol) 5-40mL/L, processing parameter is: temperature 52 ± 2 DEG C, cathode current density 3-5A/dm
2, pH3.5-4.4, thickness of coating 0.005-0.03mm;
Last durionise layer, the chemical composition of bath solution is: chromic anhydride 230-280g/L, sulfuric acid 2.3-2.8g/L, trivalent chromium 3-8g/L, and processing parameter is: temperature 52-55 DEG C, cathode current density 35-40A/dm
2, thickness of coating 0.10-0.15mm.Wearing test and neutral salt spray test show, the wear resisting property of composite bed and excellent corrosion resistance.Under saltwater environment, the composite deposite multi-rotor screw life-span adopting present invention process to prepare is similar to embodiment 1 test result.
By the above detailed description to the embodiment of the present invention, can understand and the invention solves ordinary method durionise layer process helicoid hydraulic motor rotor corrosion-resistant, be not suitable for the drilling environment of saturated saltwater mud medium or problem with high costs, obtain the helicoid hydraulic motor rotor of many-sided excellent performance.This helicoid hydraulic motor rotor erosion resistance and wear resistance is good, hardness is high, long service life, and with low cost.
Be understandable that, the illustrative embodiments that above embodiment is only used to principle of the present invention is described and adopts, but the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.