CN104785107A - Method and device for stimulating nano titanium dioxide to actively decompose automobile tail gas - Google Patents
Method and device for stimulating nano titanium dioxide to actively decompose automobile tail gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104785107A CN104785107A CN201510127638.6A CN201510127638A CN104785107A CN 104785107 A CN104785107 A CN 104785107A CN 201510127638 A CN201510127638 A CN 201510127638A CN 104785107 A CN104785107 A CN 104785107A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for stimulating nano titanium dioxide to actively decompose automobile tail gas. The method comprises the following steps: replacing an aggregate in an asphalt mixture by using tourmaline particles or tourmaline powder, mixing with asphalt, then mixing with mineral powder and the nano titanium dioxide, forming a test piece, placing in a closed container and introducing the automobile tail gas to decompose. The closed container comprises a box body, an upper sealed sleeve, two groups of light sources, a box door, a power supply system and a lower sealed sleeve, wherein the box door is connected with the box body; the upper sealed sleeve and the lower sealed sleeve are respectively connected with the top and the bottom of the box body; the two groups of light sources are fixed and positioned on the left side and the right side inside the box body; the power supply system is positioned on one side of the box body. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and practical, lightweight in whole design of the closed container, convenient and simple, practical, safe and low in manufacturing expense.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental contaminants control technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method and device thereof of decomposing automobile exhaust.
Background technology
Along with the surge of China's vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity, vehicle exhaust is day by day serious to the pollution situation of atmospheric environment, in today that new forms of energy and vehicle purification techniques are also not universal, have absorbing automobile exhaust function Novel photocatalyst nano material---nano titanium oxide attract attention gradually.TiO
2there is the crystal formation of rutile-type, Detitanium-ore-type and brookite type three kinds of structures in crystal, the common trait of these three kinds of crystal formations is basic structural units is TiO
6octahedron, works as TiO
2be subject to energy be more than or equal to its forbidden band can optical excitation time, can absorb light and produce electron hole pair, if do not have compound after light induced electron and hole migration to surface, so light induced electron can be combined with ambient substance, produces intermediate product reduction TiO
2the electron acceptor of adsorption; Photohole can capture the electronics in semiconductor particle surface adsorbed material or solvent, originally not light absorbing material is activated and oxidized.Domestic and international part engineering is applied in ground surface material, for the tail gas of motor vehicle emission in catalytic decomposition road operation process.Practical application effect proves, containing TiO
2road surface can the pernicious gas such as nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, nitric oxide effectively in decomposed tail gas.But due to nano titanium oxide self structure characteristic, easily there is compound in its electron-hole pair with redox produced, causes the effect of this ground surface material catalytic exhaust to be subject to larger restriction.The method of existing ion doping is by surperficial in nano titanium oxide to precious metal element, nonmetalloid even load, to stop the compound of electron-hole pair, but ion doping method is because ion load process is complicated, output is lower, and cost is far above nanometer titanic oxide material, there is larger difficulty in actual applications.Therefore adding in asphalt with suitable material, seeming particularly important for improving photo-catalytic property of nano titanium dioxide.
Tourmaline Mineral Material has radiation wavelength 4 ~ 14 μm of ultrared abilities, also have natural electric polarity, pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity, namely when there being temperature and pressure to change, (even if small change) also can cause the electrical potential difference between composition crystal.This is determined by the crystal structure that tourmaline is special, because tourmaline crystal does not have centrosymmetric structure, when changing by temperature vibration or by crystal structure during effect of stress, cause positive and negative charge centroid to be separated, form Dipole moment, cause plane of crystal to produce electric charge, deformation is more serious, it is far away that charge centroid is separated, and surface charge is stronger, and corresponding electrostatic pressure is higher.The attraction of electrostatic field makes nano-TiO
2the hole-electron pair on surface moves, and can stop h+ and e-compound, photovoltaic reaction be carried out to a direction, produces more hole-electron pair, thus improves nano-TiO
2photocatalysis efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of a kind of excitation nano titanium dioxide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the closed container that a kind of said method uses.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of employing of the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides the method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of a kind of excitation nano titanium dioxide, comprise the following steps:
With gathering materials in tourmaline particle or tourmaline powder replacing asphalt compound, with asphalt mixing, then with breeze, nano titanium oxide mix, shaping test piece, is placed in closed container and passes into vehicle exhaust and decompose.
Described shaping test piece is the test specimen being shaped to φ 100mm × 100mm.
The alternative amount of described tourmaline particle or tourmaline powder determines through tail gas decomposition run according to asphalt kind and actual needs.
Described breeze is basalt or limestone.
Describedly pass into the test condition that vehicle exhaust carries out decomposing and comprise: (1) room temperature is not tested under loading environment, tests, test under (3) different temperatures under (2) different load, combination of frequency.
Described different load, frequency are respectively 2 ~ 6KN, 10 ~ 15Hz.
Described different temperatures is 10 ~ 50 DEG C.
Present invention also offers the closed container that a kind of said method uses, comprise casing, upper sleeve gasket cylinder, two groups of light sources, chamber door, power-supply system and lower seal sleeves, described chamber door is connected with casing, described upper sleeve gasket cylinder and described lower seal sleeve are connected with the top of described casing and bottom respectively, described two groups of light sources are fixed in the left and right sides of described box house, and described power-supply system is positioned at the side of described casing.
Described casing is the pentahedron structure be made up of monoblock steel plate bending, comprises top, bottom, left side, right side and rear side, and front openings is connected with described chamber door, and the thickness of described steel plate is 3mm further; The size of described casing is further for length × wide × height is 45cm × 45cm × 70cm.
Described top, described bottom centre are respectively equipped with circular hole, described circular hole and be provided with rubber gasket between described upper sleeve gasket cylinder and described lower seal sleeve, and are connected by screw, and circular hole side, described top is provided with pipeline further.
The material of described pipeline is metal, and shape is cylindrical.
Described upper sleeve gasket cylinder and described lower seal sleeve are flange arrangement, top bump, be provided with the screw hole corresponding with position on casing, the inner side cutting respectively of described upper sleeve gasket cylinder and described lower seal sleeve, for placing rubber gasket, the lower outer diameter of described upper sleeve gasket cylinder and described lower seal sleeve is identical with the Circularhole diameter of the top of described casing, bottom, and internal diameter is identical with forcing press depression bar diameter.
Described two groups of light sources are the black light high-pressure sodium lamp fluorescent tube being provided with gauge tap, are controlled by power-supply system, often organize light source and are provided with three further.
Described chamber door is made up of monoblock steel plate, and the thickness of described steel plate is 3mm further; Described chamber door is connected with screw with described casing, the junction of chamber door and casing is provided with rubber gasket, the centre of described chamber door is provided with observation window, the side of described observation window is provided with steam vent, the described steam vent sealing-plug identical with aperture with the use of, the material of described observation window is lucite further.
Described sealing-plug is truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, and middle part is provided with the cylindrical channel run through.
Described chamber door be provided with screw hole all around, be provided with screw thread inside hole, setting position is corresponding with casing front screw hole.
Described power-supply system is provided with earth leakage protective device.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Adopt tourmaline in method of the present invention, because tourmaline exists spontaneous polarization feature, under same temperature pressure ring border, the ground surface material decomposed tail gas effect containing tourmaline and nano titanium oxide is better than only containing the ground surface material of nano titanium oxide.
Tourmaline is adopted in method of the present invention, because tourmaline exists pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity, itself and nano titanium oxide are together added in ground surface material, after being subject to Vehicle Load or sunlight, temperature heat effect, the pyroelectricity/piezoelectricity of tourmaline can improve the effect of nano titanium oxide catalytic exhaust further.
Adopt tourmaline particle, tourmaline powder to replace partly or entirely gathering materials in method of the present invention, can not have a negative impact to the pavement performance of asphalt, high-temperature stability and tensile mechanical performance can be improved on the contrary.
Adopt the unit cost of tourmaline low in method of the present invention, can select the some shelves in gathering materials, concrete volume can adjust according to actual needs.
Construction method of the present invention is simple, is convenient to Large scale construction application.
Method of the present invention considered tourmaline absorption tail gas in pavement performance in role, for field of road reduce tail gas pollution provide new approach.
Closed container provided by the invention can with press device with the use of, solve the sealing problem between casing and depression bar.
The intensity of closed container provided by the invention is high, resistance to elevated temperatures good, except can meeting the experimental study of photocatalyst material catalytic decomposition vehicle exhaust, can also take the process of the test of internal tank with video camera.
Be provided with two groups of light sources in closed container provided by the invention, can distinguish gauge tap, ultraviolet lighting intensity in adjustment casing, is applicable to quantitative study.
Closed container provided by the invention can according to forcing press depression bar diameter change seal sleeve, be convenient to different model forcing press with the use of.
The steam vent that closed container provided by the invention is arranged, can insert the concentration that probe measures temperature in container and various gas, the design of variable diameters can ensure that the air-tightness of container is good.
The steam vent of its top duct of closed container provided by the invention and container side wall relatively far apart, is convenient to the gas turnover circulation in container.
The whole design of closed container provided by the invention is light and handy, easy, practical, safety, and manufacturing expense is low; The cycle of designing and developing and manufacturing is short.
Closed container intensity provided by the invention is high, resistance to elevated temperatures good, can solve with external equipment with the use of time air-tightness, there is easy, practical feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The explosive view of the closed container that Fig. 1 uses for the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upper sleeve gasket cylinder.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of rubber gasket.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of casing.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of chamber door.
Wherein: 1 is casing, 2 is upper sleeve gasket cylinder, and 3 is light source, and 4 is chamber door, and 5 is power-supply system, and 6 is rubber gasket, and 7 is steam vent, and 8 is pipeline, and 9 is observation window, and 10 is lower seal sleeve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
According to Practical Project asphalt mixture gradation used and optimum asphalt content, wherein one grade or some shelves are replaced to gather materials with the tourmaline of corresponding particle diameter or tourmaline powder, then will containing the mix 90 seconds of gathering materials with pitch at code requirement temperature of tourmaline (powder) according to " highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment code ", then in mixing equipment, drop into the nano titanium dioxide powder of breeze and optimal dose simultaneously, continue mix 90 seconds, and shaping test piece is for tail gas decomposition run.Wherein the alternative amount of tourmaline or tourmaline powder is determined through tail gas decomposition run according to asphalt kind and actual needs.
During quantitative analysis above-mentioned bitumen mixture specimen decomposing automobile exhaust effect, closed container with uviol lamp is arranged on MTS-810 testing machine, chamber wall and pressure column good seal is ensured by sealing ring, and the test specimen be incubated through baking oven is placed in below pressure head of testing machine, start MTS pressure head according to the loading parameters preset (simulation actual wheel pressure, acting frequency).Then certain density vehicle exhaust is passed in container, and records the initial value of each gas concentration in container, every the changing value that 5min records each gas concentration in container, last till 50min, to observe short-term decomposed tail gas effect.By only containing nano titanium oxide test specimen decomposed tail gas effect under identical temperature, pressure condition, after contrast interpolation tourmaline, its piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity are to the facilitation of nano titanium oxide catalytic activity.
For exploration tourmaline pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity are on the impact of nano titanium oxide in compound, by with the closed container of uviol lamp and MTS-810 material test system with the use of, simulation actual traffic load loads (test specimen is containing tourmaline and nano titanium oxide) the bitumen mixture specimen of gyratory compaction molding, find that the piezoelectricity of tourmaline can improve the effect of nano titanium oxide catalytic exhaust further, and the influence degree of load comparatively loading frequency is more obvious; When in simulation actual environment, pavement temperature is heated to bitumen mixture specimen, the pyroelectricity of tourmaline also can improve the effect of nano titanium oxide catalytic exhaust, and effect is better than the effect of piezoelectricity.Wherein, particle diameter bears the effect of load at the tourmaline of more than 1.18mm in asphalt with bound form, improves the catalytic activity of nano titanium oxide mainly through piezoelectricity; The tourmaline of below 1.18mm relatively fine particle is due to large usage quantity, widely distributed in compound, the probability contacted with nano titanium oxide is large, and due to particle diameter little, variations in temperature greater particle size tourmaline is rapid, improves the catalytic activity of nano titanium oxide mainly through pyroelectricity.
Closed container used in the present invention is mainly divided into: casing 1, upper sleeve gasket cylinder 2, light source 3, chamber door 4, power-supply system 5, lower seal sleeve 10.
As shown in Figure 1, the explosive view of closed container that uses for the embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 1.Upper sleeve gasket cylinder 2 and lower seal sleeve 10 adopt flange arrangement, sleeve top bump, are furnished with screw hole around, can be connected with casing 1 by screw; Lower outer diameter is identical with casing 1 circular hole, internal diameter slightly larger than forcing press depression bar diameter, inner side cutting, place two row rubber gaskets 6, rubber gasket is " O " type, and between forcing press depression bar and sleeve, space is filled by rubber gasket 6; Upper sleeve gasket cylinder 2 and lower seal sleeve 10 top and casing 1 contact surface arrange rubber gasket 6.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upper sleeve gasket cylinder; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of rubber gasket.
As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of casing.Casing 1 is shaping by 3mm steel plate bending, if consider when designing, casing and test specimen volume ratio are excessive, and distribution of gas can be caused uneven, affect test accuracy, the too little meeting of casing is made troubles to installation pressure head and test specimen, finally chooses and is of a size of 45cm × 45cm × 70cm; Top and bottom center has circular hole, and circular is provided with the screw hole corresponding with sleeve portion; Casing 1 top is provided with pipeline 8, and pipeline 8 is round metal cylindrical tube, is connected with gas bomb by rubber hose; Casing 1 inside is each side furnished with 3 8W black light high-pressure sodium lamp fluorescent tubes, for providing ultraviolet lighting containing tourmaline and TiO2 test specimen, every root uviol lamp can distinguish gauge tap, ultraviolet lighting intensity in adjustment casing 1, in casing 1, electric wire is enclosed with anticorrosive simultaneously, prevents the leaky that gas attack causes; Power-supply system 5 can control each switch of light source 3 respectively, is provided with earth leakage protective device.
As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of chamber door.The chamber door 4 same material steel plate of same casing 1 is made, and surrounding is furnished with screw hole and is connected by screw with casing 1, and chamber door 4 and casing 1 contact surface are stained with rubber seal 6; Chamber door 4 central authorities are provided with organic glass observation window 9, and observation window can observe the damaged degree of the operation of black light high-pressure sodium lamp fluorescent tube, the loading procedure of pressure head and test specimen in process of the test; Be provided with a steam vent 7 on the right side of chamber door 4, the sealing-plug identical with aperture with the use of, described sealing-plug is truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, the probe having the confession measure gas concentrations that runs through in the middle part of it through cylindrical channel.
Embodiment 1
Adopt AC-13 grating intermediate value, SBS (SBS) modified pitch, optimum oil-stone ratio 4.3%, breeze is basalt, limestone, wherein 1.18mm and 0.075mm shelves building stones replace with tourmaline particle and tourmaline powder respectively, and total amount that substitutes accounts for 17% of gross mass of gathering materials.Nano-TiO
2addition is 3.9 ‰, and each gyratory compaction test specimen is about containing 7.5g.Check experiment adopt do not add tourmaline (powder) containing nano-TiO
2test specimen.
Under temperature constant, the condition that do not load, the discomposing effect of two kinds of test specimens to vehicle exhaust is as shown in table 1, and because tourmaline exists spontaneous polarization effect, comparing check experiment can improve nano-TiO
2the efficiency of decomposed tail gas.
Table 1 not tail gas discomposing effect contrast under loading environment
Embodiment 2
Test material preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Choose representative road surface load, combination of frequency, to study tourmaline piezoelectricity to nano-TiO
2the impact of photocatalysis efficiency.The discomposing effect of two kinds of test specimens to vehicle exhaust (note: proved only containing nano-TiO by test as shown in table 2 under different load, combination of frequency
2test specimen relative to load without significant change), because tourmaline exists piezoelectricity, the increase of load, frequency is all to nano-TiO
2photocatalysis effect have facilitation, the larger facilitation effect of load is more obvious.
Decomposed tail gas Contrast on effect under the different load of table 2, combination of frequency
Embodiment 3
Test material preparation method is identical with embodiment 1.
Choose representative Various Seasonal pavement temperature 10 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 50 DEG C, to study tourmaline pyroelectricity to nano-TiO
2the impact of photocatalysis efficiency.The discomposing effect of two kinds of test specimens to vehicle exhaust (note: result of the test gets rid of nano-TiO as shown in table 3 at different temperatures
2discomposing effect variation with temperature), because tourmaline exists focus impact, temperature is higher, and tourmaline is to nano-TiO
2photocatalysis effect has facilitation more obvious.
Decomposed tail gas Contrast on effect under table 3 different temperatures
| Test specimen type | NO | CO | HC (hydrocarbon) | |
| 10℃ | Containing tourmaline+TiO 2 | 2.08 | 1.67 | 2.72 |
| 30℃ | Containing tourmaline+TiO 2 | 3.02 | 2.54 | 4.00 |
| 50℃ | Containing tourmaline+TiO 2 | 5.50 | 4.23 | 6.31 |
Described method proves after deliberation, and because tourmaline exists spontaneous polarization feature, under same temperature pressure ring border, the ground surface material decomposed tail gas effect containing tourmaline and nano titanium oxide is better than only containing the ground surface material of nano titanium oxide.And there is pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity due to tourmaline, itself and nano titanium oxide are together added in ground surface material, after being subject to Vehicle Load or sunlight, temperature heat effect, the pyroelectricity/piezoelectricity of tourmaline can improve the effect of nano titanium oxide catalytic exhaust further.
More than describing is can understand for ease of the those of ordinary skill in this field and use the present invention.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to the method, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and the improvement made for this method and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of excitation nano titanium dioxide, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
With gathering materials in tourmaline particle or tourmaline powder replacing asphalt compound, with asphalt mixing, then with breeze, nano titanium oxide mix, shaping test piece, is placed in closed container and passes into vehicle exhaust and decompose.
2. the method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of excitation nano titanium dioxide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shaping test piece is the test specimen being shaped to φ 100mm × 100mm;
Or described breeze is basalt or limestone.
3. the method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of excitation nano titanium dioxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in pass into the test condition that vehicle exhaust carries out decomposing and comprise: (1) room temperature is not tested under loading environment, (2) test under different load, combination of frequency, test under (3) different temperatures.
4. the method for the active decomposing automobile exhaust of excitation nano titanium dioxide according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described different load, frequency are respectively 2 ~ 6KN, 10 ~ 15Hz;
Or described different temperatures is 10 ~ 50 DEG C.
5. the closed container that uses of the arbitrary described method of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that: comprise casing (1), upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2), two groups of light sources (3), chamber door (4), power-supply system (5) and lower seal sleeve (10), described chamber door (4) is connected with casing (1), described upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2) and described lower seal sleeve (10) are connected with the top of described casing (1) and bottom respectively, described two groups of light sources (3) are fixed in the inner left and right sides of described casing (1), described power-supply system (5) is positioned at the side of described casing (1).
6. closed container according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described casing (1) is the pentahedron structure be made up of monoblock steel plate bending, comprise top, bottom, left side, right side and rear side, front openings is connected with described chamber door (4), and the thickness of described steel plate is 3mm further; The size of described casing (1) is further for length × wide × height is 45cm × 45cm × 70cm;
Or described two groups of light sources (3) are for being provided with the black light high-pressure sodium lamp fluorescent tube of gauge tap, controlled by power-supply system (5), often organizing light source (3) and be provided with three further;
Or described chamber door (4) is made up of monoblock steel plate, the thickness of described steel plate is 3mm further; Described chamber door (4) is connected with screw with described casing (1), chamber door (4) is provided with rubber gasket (6) with the junction of casing (1), the centre of described chamber door (4) is provided with observation window (9), the side of described observation window (9) is provided with steam vent (7), described steam vent (7) sealing-plug identical with aperture with the use of, the material of described observation window (9) is lucite further.
7. closed container according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described top, described bottom centre are respectively equipped with circular hole, described circular hole and be provided with rubber gasket (6) between described upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2) and described lower seal sleeve (10), and connected by screw, circular hole side, described top is provided with pipeline (8) further;
Or described sealing-plug is truncated cone-shaped rubber stopper, middle part is provided with the cylindrical channel run through.
8. closed container according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the material of described pipeline (8) is metal, and shape is cylindrical.
9. closed container according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2) and described lower seal sleeve (10) are flange arrangement, top bump, be provided with the screw hole that position upper with casing (1) is corresponding, the inner side cutting respectively of described upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2) and described lower seal sleeve (10), for placing rubber gasket (6), the lower outer diameter of described upper sleeve gasket cylinder (2) and described lower seal sleeve (10) and the top of described casing (1), the Circularhole diameter of bottom is identical, internal diameter is identical with forcing press depression bar diameter.
10. closed container according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described chamber door (4) be provided with screw hole all around, be provided with screw thread inside hole, setting position is corresponding with casing (1) front screw hole;
Or described power-supply system (5) is provided with earth leakage protective device.
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Application publication date: 20150722 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |