CN104781744B - Dynamic reconfigurable photovoltaic system - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of photovoltaic (PV) system is made up of subarray, and each subarray has the group being electrically connected to PV battery each other.Management circuit for each subarray has communication interface and for making subarray be connected with programmable power net or disconnect.Power network has bus row and bus row.Bus management circuit is positioned at the corresponding knot of bus row and bus row, and the communication interface by this bus management circuit is able to programme, to connect or to disconnect the power path in net.Therefore, selected subarray is connected as parallel connection by selected power path to produce low system voltage, and alternately, is connected as series connection so that generation is at least ten times of big high system voltages of low-voltage.

Description

Dynamic reconfigurable photovoltaic system

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

This application claims entitled " the DYNAMICALLY RECONFIGURABLE submitted on August 29th, 2013 PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM " the priority of No. 14/014266 U.S. Patent application, this U.S. Patent application requirement The rights and interests submitting day earlier to of No. 61/695,884 U.S. Provisional Application that on August 31st, 2012 submits to.The application wants Seek the rights and interests submitting day earlier to of No. 61/695,884 U.S. Provisional Application submitted on August 31st, 2012.These applications It is incorporated into this entirely through way of reference.

Government rights statement

The present invention develops according between Sandia company and USDOE and about DE-AC04-94AL85000.The U.S. Government has certain rights in the invention.

Technical field

Embodiments of the invention relate to energy acquisition photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation system, such as that used in spacecraft A bit.Also describe other embodiments.

Background technology

Energy acquisition PV electricity generation system (also known as solar power system) has been used to including house and such as defending The various application of the aerospace aircraft of star and unmanned plane etc provide electric power.For residential application, solar panels have Having relatively small number purpose battery, the most each battery is quite big, and (such as area can be about 6 inches is multiplied by the silicon PV of 6 inches Battery), and can have about 72 this batteries in single house solar panels.Each solaode is typically designed to Producing certain voltage, such as, be about 0.6 volt for silion cell, this voltage is for the light radiation received at battery Only there is faint dependence.This battery can be electrically connected in series in plate, in order to increases the energy output voltage gathered, example As, 40 volts of dc (Vdc).Typical house solar energy system can include some such plates (such as 5 and 10 it Between), thus up to hundreds of volts are provided.Then use dc-ac change-over circuit to obtain 120Vac output voltage more often.

Applying for aerospace device, PV system is used as to supply energy storage device and the boat of such as accumulator etc The main electricity generation system of other parts (such as propulsion system) of pocket or spacecraft.Although accumulator can have less than 5 The relatively low voltage of volt, but propulsion system may need hundreds of volts in its power supply input.Therefore, dc-dc Upconverter or booster circuit are for such as increasing to 800 or even 1000 volts by 40 volts of PV outputs.For space Application or unmanned plane application, it can be appreciated that need to support according to the operator scheme of spacecraft or airborne vehicle The power supply bus of low, medium and high voltage.For example, it is desired to high voltage is for passing through to defend at Orbit Transformation and other motor-driven period The acceleration of star propulsion unit, but in needing, voltage is for routine operation, and need low-voltage for coming through solar wind Sudden and violent or shutdown safe mode.Additionally, spacecraft or the reliability of airborne vehicle, availability and maintenance need strongly to affect it Design for the power system of the critical component in this application.

Summary of the invention

Embodiments of the invention are dynamic reconfigurable energy acquisition photovoltaic (PV) systems, and it exports at same collecting energy Not only can produce at node low-voltage and but also can alternately produce high voltage, its high voltage appearance can be low-voltage at least 10 times big.This aspect of the present invention can help to reduce the needs for separate type boost converter, and help is improved all by this Such as the power efficiency in the application of satellite (wherein heat radiation is probably a difficult problem) etc.If additionally, the wherein incidence in PV system Just laser beam or incoherent, non-broadband light beam (contrary with sunlight) from remote source, configurability realizes more efficient Power receiver.When light beam or hot spot on PV system " migration " make the set of cells given not be illuminated continuously, It is difficult to collecting energy efficiently.Embodiments of the invention are can be by own adaptation for producing predetermined output voltage or output work The PV system of rate level, regardless of the hot spot of migration.

The exhaustive list not including all aspects of the invention outlined above.The imagination present invention includes can be from such as lower section All system and methods of all appropriate combination practice in face: various aspects outlined above and being embodied as below Disclosed in mode and in the claims submitted to together with the application those particularly pointed out aspect.These combinations have The not concrete specific advantages recorded in outlined above.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In the figure of accompanying drawing, by way of example and unrestriced mode illustrates embodiments of the invention, in the drawings The element that identical reference instruction is similar.It should be noted that in the disclosure with reference to " embodiment " of the present invention or " one Embodiment " not necessarily with reference to same embodiment, and they mean at least one.

Fig. 1 depicts reconfigurable photovoltaic system.

Fig. 2 shows the more detailed view of the photovoltaic system in a kind of configuration of the part as spacecraft application.

Fig. 3 shows the reconfigurable photovoltaic system in another configuration.

Fig. 4 is shown in which that battery is connected in series to subarray each other.

Fig. 5 is shown in which that battery is connected to subarray each other with connection in series-parallel compound mode.

Fig. 6 depicts the subarray management circuit with dc-dc transducer.

Fig. 7 depicts battery in form of a block diagram or ties power manager circuit more.

Fig. 8 depicts in more detail has related battery or the photovoltaic cell tying power manager circuit more.

Fig. 9 shows how migration laser or incoherent light beam spot cover the subarray of connection, and outside this speckle Other subarray disconnects.

Figure 10 shows the migration beam spot in the diverse location on photovoltaic system.

Figure 11 illustrates the various application of photovoltaic system.

Detailed description of the invention

Some embodiments of the explanation present invention referring to the drawings now.Shape, the most fixed whenever part described below Position and other side are not exactly defined, and the scope of the present invention is not only limitted to shown part, and the part shown in these is only anticipated For illustrative purposes.Similarly, although elaborate a large amount of details, it is to be appreciated that, the one of the present invention can be put into practice A little embodiments and without these details.In other example, be not shown specifically known to circuit, structure and technology, in order to not mould Stick with paste understanding of the description.

Fig. 1 depicts the reconfigurable PV system 1 according to embodiments of the invention.System is by many PV energy acquisition submatrixs Row 2 are constituted.Although illustrate only 4, system is certainly not limited to this number, reaches 2 subarrays 2 or permissible less because can have Have more than 4.Each subarray 2 comprises the group of PV battery 3, and the series connection of these PV batteries is electrically connected to each other for desired higher Output voltage (see Fig. 4), is electrically connected in parallel to each other for the electric current of desired increase, or is electrically connected with connection in series-parallel compound mode Receive each other to produce more high output voltage and Geng Gao electric current (see Fig. 5).The mixing of the series-connected battery string being connected in parallel or Person's asymmetric arrangement is also possible.Battery 3 can be that micro-system enables photovoltaic (MEPV) battery, and it can use semiconductor microactuator Electronic manufacturing technology is prepared and can be relatively small, and such as diameter is between 100 microns and 5 millimeters, and such as at III-V In race's semi-conductor cell, thickness is low reaches 1 micron.Considering the small size of MEPV battery, subarray 2 can have thousands of battery 3 (72 batteries compared in conventional PV module).It is furthermore noted that all of battery 3 in subarray 3 need not be all to replicate Product or even without being all same type.Such as, some can be silion cell, and other can be Ge or III-V Race's battery.Battery 3 can alternatively have the multijunction cell of the combination of two or more knot, and these knots can the company of series connection Connect, or as described in the embodiments of the invention described in hereinafter according to Fig. 7 to Fig. 8.Such as, each subarray 2 can be made up of light cell, and each light cell has area and is less than activity or the photo detection area of five (5) square millimeters, and And the most each subarray 2 can have thousand of MEPV light cells and can occur in 1 volt of (such as, two of series connection Si silion cell) and 1000 volts between dc, wherein electric current is in the range of 1 micromicroampere to some amperes, micromicroampere be used for its In only need high voltage and low current or the most currentless application (such as, electrons/ions accelerates net), and some amperes Apply (such as, heat load etc.) for high Current draw, use the power of power transfer configurations described herein transfer mW to kW To be possible.

Referring still to Fig. 1, when there is incident illumination, subarray output voltage is saved at subarray power by each subarray 2 Produce from the battery 3 of the connection of subarray 2 at the reply mutually of point.Sometimes these node labellings (+) and (-) are specified, to refer to Show the polarity of output voltage.The output voltage of subarray and electric current or output are distributed by conductor and active circuit Network (referred to herein as power network) delivers.Power network (or power bus-bar interconnection) is arranged by multiple bus row and multiple bus Constitute.As can be seen, bus management circuit 5 is positioned at the corresponding knot of bus row and bus row.Each bus row Have respective number coupled in a daisy chain fashion by some buses management circuit 5 or the bus group row of formation sequence divide Section 6.Similarly, each bus row have being coupled the most in a daisy chain fashion by some buses management circuit 5 of respective number Bus group row segmentation 7.Each bus set of segmentation (row segmentation 6 or row segmentation 7) has the bus-bars conductor of respective number.One In individual example, each bus set of segmentation has two bus-bars conductors, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 finding, although can in parallel add additional Conductor, such as to reduce resistance.In this power network, each bus management circuit 5 can be coupled as two and four neighbours Between nearly bus set of segmentation, i.e. left and right bus group row segmentation 6, and upper and lower bus group row segmentation 7.

Each subarray output node pair is coupled in the input of corresponding subarray management circuit 4.Circuit 4 also has There is the power output being coupled to power network (that is, row segmentation 6 or row segmentation 7).In one embodiment, each subarray power Current path switch support " mesh network " in management circuit 4, because they can be by any input node of circuit 4 and electricity Any output node on road 4 connects.Circuit 4 also has a communication interface, but it not shown in FIG. 1 is found in Fig. 2, at Fig. 2 In this communication interface be coupled to communication network 9.It is logical that the communication interface of management circuit 4 and bus management circuit 5 is coupled to Letter net 9 can be any suitable, relatively low complexity and the digital communication bus of low bit rate.This communication interface character On can be optics, the signal that wherein information and is decoded by communication band decoder by coding on the light irradiating subarray Be delivered to management circuit see below describe Fig. 2.

Subarray management circuit 4 comprises Circuits System, and this Circuits System includes that solid-state current path opening, switch drive Move device, control logic and make circuit 4 able to programme during the onsite application of PV system (to be connect by the communication of circuit 4 Mouthful) communication interface circuit system so that the corresponding subarray 2 of circuit 4 is connected with power network or disconnects.Except submatrix able to programme Outside row management circuit 4, each bus management circuit 5 is also programmable (by its communication interface), also may be used to use To support the built-in current path switch of mesh network (being similar to the ability of above-described circuit 4), it is connected and disconnected from (wherein One of) power in power network or current path.The two ability makes the subarray 2 that two or more is selected together Can be connected in parallel by the selected electric current in " able to programme " power network or power path, in order to export at collecting energy But low-voltage is produced at high electric current at node.Alternately, subarray management circuit 4 and bus manage joining of circuit 5 Putting property makes two or more selected subarray 2 can be connected in series via selected current path, in order to produce Can be the higher of at least ten times of this low voltage big (depending on can be used for enough numbers of the subarray 2 being connected in series) Voltage.

In order to about power network and the additional detail of subarray management circuit 4, show logical referring now to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 Cross and suitably the current path switch in selected circuit 4,5 is programmed, and the example power being created in power network Path.This example power path implement may be located at subarray 2_1 in same column, being connected in series of 2_2 ... so that (+) Collecting energy output node is the conductor of the bus row segmentation 6 of PV system head boundary, and (-) collecting energy output node is The conductor of the bus row segmentation 6 of PV system bottom boundary.The bus management circuit 5 at the boundary of PV system can not compiled Journey is for making (a) neighbouring from its four from any one bus-bars conductor in its four neighbouring bus set of segmentation and (b) In bus set of segmentation any another bus-bars conductor alternately be connected to each other or disconnect, thus definition power path Aspect provides maximum motility.

Example for Fig. 2, it can be seen that the additional column of subarray can be similar to be connected in series to that shown in Fig. 2 This.If the row that these additional serial connect are by chance neighbouring with another, then by the bus management circuit 5 at boundary is compiled Journey, to create the further current path from its left bus row segmentation 6 to bus row segmentation 7 below, all these row are also Can be parallel-connected to each other along the top row of PV system and bottom line.

The power network of Fig. 2 can be reconfigured so that power path is created in wherein, and this power path realizes submatrix Row 2_1, being connected in parallel rather than being connected in series of 2_2 ....This describes in the example of fig. 3.If it is desire to extra current, then Can create the row of the additional subarray being connected in parallel, and by suitably in the top boundary of PV system and bottom sides Bus management circuit 5 at boundary programs, and these row can be with the placement that is connected in parallel to each other.

Although it should be noted that the full mesh ability of the built-in current path switch of above-described circuit 4, circuit 5 The motility that when can create power path in power network and between subarray, offer is maximum, but alternative restriction current path The number of switch so that circuit 4 or circuit 5 have the ability less than full mesh.As long as desired power path can create In power network, and the aspiration level that can meet the granularity of the configurability of PV system on the whole (includes between subarray The granularity of connection), then this can be acceptable.

Referring still to Fig. 2, according to another embodiment of the present invention, long-range light beam source can be by applying high frequency components On light beam, the instruction of power transfer configurations or other data (such as, are used for controlling power system configuration or such as The instruction of other subsystem of ADCS, COM or the like) coding.Then, at collection DC component while electric power, this information is led to Cross and be coupled capacitively to the electrical nodes of PV battery and be detected.Showing example in Fig. 2, wherein ac signal can be by being connected to The series capacitor of collecting energy output node is coupled out (out-coupled) to communication band decoder.The latter to information or Person's data signal carries out translating or decode and uses for by such as EPS controller, for configuration management circuit and/ Or determine that such as incident illumination is the light beam rather than sunlight remotely risen, and/or it is used for controlling other subsystem.

Turning now to Fig. 6, depicting subarray management circuit 4, it has and is coupling in (subarray 2 of its association) Dc-dc transducer between subarray output node and power network.Notice that in this particular example, bot 502 includes, current path switch (is used for Make subarray 2 and power network alternately be connected and disconnected from) at dc-dc transducer circuitry " before " so that when subarray 2 from When net disconnects, dc-dc transducer automatically substantially sees volt in its input.Although dc-dc transducer can be allowed also Controlled by communication network 9 (as illustrate via the communication interface of circuit 4 at this), such as many about making output voltage boosting Regulate less or at much voltage, but this be not to be required in all examples because can set fixing boosting or Person regulates voltage.Use dc-dc transducer can provide at its collecting energy output node as boost converter, PV system Boosted output voltage, the most advantageously by the task distribution of the heat produced by whole boost conversion process that dissipates to submatrix Each position (rather than being distributed to the concentrated position outside PV system) of row.Use dc-dc transducer permissible by this way The subarray 2 being considered wherein (power path by properly configuring in power network) as described above enough numbers is connected Connect to produce embodiment alternative of high output voltage, or it can be used in combination with the arranged in series of Fig. 2, such as with Just High Availabitity voltage (the many subarray power tubes as the boost converter also having as shown in Figure 6 are obtained from PV system The summation of the output voltage of reason circuit 4).

Returning briefly to Fig. 2, this figure is additionally operable to illustrate another embodiment of the present invention, and dynamic reconfigurable PV system exists Specifically applying or integrated in spacecraft.In this applications, spacecraft has power system (EPS), and it includes (except PV Outside system) controller 8 and power distribution network 10.The power of the collecting energy output node from PV system is distributed by EPS To other parts of spacecraft, i.e. chargeable storage, airborne computer (OBC), communication subsystem (COM) and attitude determines With control system (ACDS).As mentioned above, i.e. during satellite normal uses or dispose, this may need low, in Dynamically alternately can use on collecting energy output node with high voltage.It is via communication network 9 when EPS controller 8 is programmed When configuration management circuit 4 and bus management circuit 5 are to set high or low voltage at collecting energy output node, above The reconfigurable PV system described can meet this requirement.

Turning now to Fig. 7, this diagram depicts embodiments of the invention, wherein PV battery 3 is multijunction cell, and is each This battery provides LITHIUM BATTERY or many knot power manager circuit 14, to produce cell output voltage.As mentioned earlier, often One or more battery in battery in individual subarray 2 can be multijunction cell, the most each multijunction cell have for Collect two or more knot (such as, p-n junction) of photogenerated current, and the most each knot is independently coupled to tie power management more Device circuit 14.When absorbing the light of different colours or wavelength, different knots (example herein relates to three knots A, B and C) can With each self-tuning or optimize to produce most electricity.Each light cell knot of composition many knots PV battery is coupled to and these many knot PV Battery association power manager circuit 14 individually enter port.So, the energy that each light cell knot gathers passes through merit The identical output port of rate management circuit 14 is provided to power network.Management comes from the power of the different knots in multijunction cell Power manager circuit 14 can manage the merit of the set of the single knot in the subarray coming from multijunction cell or similar knot Rate.It is also to be noted that the discrete component in multijunction cell can be the multiple of single knot or perhaps subset or connection (being two (or more)) ties, such as, connect to be made an element by bigger, such as six knot multijunction cells.As many knots Another example of battery, it is considered to having altogether the multijunction cell of five knots, each subset wherein tied is independently coupled to tie more Power manager circuit 14.Such as, this 5 junction batteries can be arranged as follows: separates with 1 knot battery and another 2 knot battery Ground connects the 2 knot batteries of (to circuit 14).Can have the subset connected and/or be connected in parallel and (be attached to its corresponding merit Rate manager circuit 14) other layout of multijunction cell be possible.

In one embodiment, referring now to Fig. 8, power manager circuit 14 can be made up of power-sensing circuit, merit Rate testing circuit is measured by tying some of relative power that A, B and C produce in any preset time for detection.Such as, detection Device can be designed as automatically detecting which or multiple knot and producing minimum power.Determine in response to this, PV battery 3, and especially its power manager circuit 14, will operate in a predetermined pattern.As example, this pattern can be such a Pattern, wherein control signal is identified as configuring current path switch so that the knot producing lowest power becomes defeated from battery Go out port to disconnect.

In another example, detector can be designed as automatically detecting which or multiple knot and producing the highest merit Rate, in response to this, battery 3 is by with different preassigned pattern operations.As example, this pattern can be such a pattern, i.e. Wherein control signal is identified as configuring current path switch so that the knot only producing peak power becomes and battery output mouth It is connected in series.In another embodiment, battery or many knot power manager circuit 14 have communication interface, can be connect by this Mouthful it is programmed (via communication network 9), in order to (a) all be connected in parallel to each other, (b) all be one another in series or (c) is with certain Connection in series-parallel is combined, and connects many knot PV batteries of its association of composition or the light cell knot of the group of this many knot PV batteries.

It should be noted that many knot PV batteries 3 of battery or many knot power manager circuit 14 and its association are permissible It is implemented on identical microelectronics or ic substrate.

Referring now to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, these figures are used for illustrating another embodiment of the present invention, wherein despite the presence of migration Laser beam or non-coherent bundle irradiate speckle, and PV system can keep reservation system output voltage or system output power electricity Flat.Wherein subarray 2 have local cover in the case of, it is possible to obtain the result of similar beneficial.The PV system herein described Irradiate with laser or incoherent bundle (non-solar light), or it is outside shielded to be considered as irradiating speckle.Figure 11 is given The example of these situations, wherein remote power transfer comes across airborne vehicle via the light beam aiming at subarray 2 remotely produced Or the power receiver of spacecraft or PV system.In order to keep efficiency, beam spot should be not more than the subarray 2 of PV system Area.It practice, speckle should be less than whole area coverages (as the example shows) of subarray 2 to allow long-range light beam source and PV battle array Misalignment tolerance sufficient between row.In traditional PV system, irradiate the property causing reduction less than the entire area of PV array Can and may be to the damage of array.But, embodiments of the invention can accept the laser of the entire area less than PV array (or other light) spot size.This radiation situation will produce the low performance subarray 2 outside some these speckles, and some these speckles Internal high-performance subarray 2.Now, the power manager circuit 14 of low performance subarray is programmed for by EPS controller 8, rings Ying Yu such as from the power detector (see Fig. 8) associated with the multijunction cell in each subarray in those subarrays, The signal of the low performance of the multijunction cell in instruction subarray, disconnects this sub-arrays from power network.Alternatively, power management Device circuit 14 can have DC-DC boost converter, and it allows by the subarray of local irradiation or low performance at suitably electricity It is connected with power network at pressure.Needs are following such that wherein in order to subarray is connected to power network by power situation, from The power output of this circuit 14 need not and net power match, but its voltage output level needs coupling.Additionally, EPS controls The power manager circuit 14 of high-performance subarray is programmed for by device, in response to from each subarray in those subarrays In multijunction cell association power detector, the high performance signal of multijunction cell in instruction subarray, this is a little Array is connected to power network.

In another embodiment, in response to determining sunlight sufficient faced by PV system most probable, EPS controller 8 is to often Individual power manager circuit 14 signal with by their light cell knot and be serially connected so that when during sunlight not High efficiency energy collection can be performed when fully mating with the current characteristics of knot.But when determining that energy acquisition is based on laser beam Or during non-coherent bundle (non-solar light), then can perform process described below, with disconnect for light beam color or Wavelength is not the knot optimized, and also follows the tracks of migration beam spot so that always make the optimal choice of sub-array subset (with beam spot Area coverage consistent).

For operation, there is energy acquisition subarray, power of battery management circuit, subarray management circuit and can The method of energy acquisition photovoltaic (PV) system of programming power network can be carried out as follows (wherein referring also to Fig. 9 and Figure 10).From certain A little power of battery manager circuit 14 receive (such as, by EPS controller 8) some Performance figures respectively and (see also Fig. 7 and Tu 8).Then the power manager circuit 14 of low performance subarray is signaled to break those subarrays from power network by controller 8 Open.Additionally, the circuit 14 of high-performance subarray is signaled those subarrays are connected to power network by controller.Further, base In the Performance figure received, bus management circuit 5 (see Fig. 1, and seeing also Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) is signaled by controller 8, with Power network is formed the power path of collecting energy output node pair from the subarray connected to PV system 1.This can be by It is designed as realizing predetermined system output voltage or system output power level.

It follows that in beam spot on PV system 1 while migration, the operation in previous paragraph is automatically on power network Repeated by controller 8, in order to by making a change or updating so that the only good subarray irradiated is still attached to power network, power Ask holding reservation system output voltage or power level.

In described above, for task of explanation, elaborate a large amount of detail to provide embodiment Thorough understanding.But, those skilled in the art will be apparent that, can put into practice one or more other implement Example, and without some in these details.Described specific embodiment is not provided to limit the present invention, but uses In the explanation present invention.The scope of the present invention is not to be determined by specific examples provided above, and only true by claim below Fixed.Such as, although in figs. 2 and 3, collecting energy output node is selected as being positioned at the top boundary of the power network of PV system At bottom boundary, but alternatively they may be located at left margin and right margin.In other example, with block diagram shape Formula or structure, equipment and operation known to not being shown specifically, in order to avoid fuzzy understanding of the description.Considering appropriate Place, the terminal part of reference number or reference number repeats the most in the drawings, can have similar spy alternatively with instruction The correspondence of property or type element.

Should also be understood that and run through this specification to such as " embodiment ", " embodiment ", " one or more Embodiment " or the quoting of " different embodiment ", it is intended that special characteristic can include in the practice of the invention.Similarly, should It should be appreciated that, in the de-scription, for making the disclosure simplify and helping to understand the purpose of various inventive aspects, sometimes single In embodiment, figure or its description, various features are grouped together.But, this open method should not be construed as and reflects this The intention of bright needs more features in addition to the feature being expressly recited in each claim.More precisely, as following Claim is reflected, the aspect of invention can be in all features less than single open embodiment.Therefore, specifically real Claim after executing mode is clearly incorporated to this detailed description of the invention at this, and wherein each claim is alone as the present invention Independent embodiment.

Claims (15)

1. dynamic reconfigurable energy acquisition photovoltaic (PV) system, including:

Multiple PV energy acquisition subarrays, the most each subarray includes one group of photovoltaic cell, and described photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to With the corresponding subarray power node in multiple subarray power node centerings, place is generated voltage each other；

Multiple management circuit, each management circuit has communication interface and is coupled to described subarray power node pair In corresponding subarray power node pair power input；And

Programmable power net, described power network, described electric power netting gear are coupled in the power output of each described management circuit There are multiple bus row, multiple bus row, are each positioned the multiple buses management electricity at the corresponding knot of bus row and bus row Road and collecting energy output node,

The most each management circuit during the onsite application of described PV system by the communication of described management circuit Interface is able to programme, so that the corresponding subarray of described management circuit is connected with described power network or disconnects and each Bus management circuit is able to programme by the communication interface of described bus management circuit, to connect or to disconnect in described power network Power path so that the subarray of selection is connected as parallel connection by the power path selected, in order at described collecting energy output joint Produce low-voltage at Dian, and alternately, the subarray of the selection of described system is connected as series connection by the power path selected, with Just generation is at least ten times of big high voltages of described low-voltage；And wherein

Each bus row has the phase coupled in a daisy chain fashion by some buses management circuit in described bus management circuit Should multiple bus set of segmentation；

Each bus row have the phase coupled in a daisy chain fashion by some buses management circuit in described bus management circuit Should multiple bus set of segmentation；

Each bus set of segmentation has corresponding multiple bus-bars conductor；And

The each bus management circuit at least some bus management circuit in described bus management circuit is coupled to four neighbours Nearly bus set of segmentation, and can be programmed to make following item be alternately connected to each other and disconnect: (a) from described four neighbouring The bus-bars conductor of any one the bus set of segmentation in bus set of segmentation and (b) are from described four neighbouring bus set of segmentation The bus-bars conductor of any one other bus set of segmentation, two bus set of segmentation in described four neighbouring bus set of segmentation exist Two bus set of segmentation in bus row and in described four neighbouring bus set of segmentation are in bus arranges.

System the most according to claim 1, the most each described management circuit have be coupling in described bus management Dc-dc transducer between the input of described power and the described power network of circuit.

System the most according to claim 1, some in the described battery in the most each subarray are multijunction cells, its In each multijunction cell there is multiple knot, at least one subset in each or described knot in wherein said knot is independently Being coupled to the many knots power manager circuit associated with described multijunction cell, described system farther includes

Power system controller, described power system controller the described management circuit of low performance subarray is programmed for In lower item one: (a) is in response to from the many knots power tube associated with the multijunction cell in each described low performance subarray The signal of reason device circuit, the multijunction cell indicated in described low performance subarray low performance, by described low performance subarray Disconnect from described power network, and (b) is when described many knot power manager circuit include dc-dc boost converter, by described Low performance subarray is connected to described power network by described boost converter,

The described management circuit of high-performance subarray is programmed in response to from described with each by wherein said controller In high-performance subarray multijunction cell association many knots power manager circuit, indicate in described high-performance subarray many The high performance signal of junction battery, is connected to described power network by described high-performance subarray.

System the most according to claim 1, farther includes:

Communication network, the described communication interface of described management circuit and described bus management circuit is coupled to described communication network； And

Power system controller, will manage circuit programming via described communication network to described management circuit and described bus, To set described high voltage or described low-voltage at described collecting energy output node.

System the most according to claim 1, the most each described subarray is made up of light cell, and each described light cell has There is area to be less than activity or the photo detection area of five (5) square millimeters, and the most each described subarray has at least one Thousand light cells and general produce between 1 volt of dc and 1000 volts of dc.

System the most according to claim 1, farther includes to be coupled capacitively to the communication band solution of subarray power node Code device, for information or data decoding, wherein said information or the number carrying out the freely signal that described subarray detects Embed according to by the remote light sources irradiating described subarray.

7. dynamic reconfigurable energy acquisition photovoltaic (PV) system, including:

Multiple PV energy acquisition subarrays, the most each subarray includes

The groups tying PV batteries, each described many knot PV batteries have and are optimized for producing by absorbing the light of multiple different wave length more Multiple light cells knot of electricity, and

Multiple management circuit, each management circuit and one or more association corresponding in described many knot PV batteries And coupling；And

Power network, the power of each described management circuit exports and is coupled to described power network,

Wherein each or multiple subset of the plurality of light cell knot of composition many knots PV battery is coupled to and this many knot PV electricity Pond or multiple multijunction cell association described management circuit individually enter port, wherein by forming described associated The all energy that individual or multiple all described light cell knots tying PV battery the gather more output by described management circuit Port is provided to described power network.

System the most according to claim 7, wherein said management circuit will automatically detect described in composition association Which or multiple described light cell knot of many knot PV batteries are producing lowest power, and grasp in a predetermined pattern as response Make.

System the most according to claim 8, wherein in described preassigned pattern, produces the described photoelectricity of described lowest power Pond knot becomes disconnecting from described output port.

System the most according to claim 7, wherein said management circuit will automatically detect described in composition association Which or multiple described light cell knot of many knot PV batteries are producing peak power, and grasp in a predetermined pattern as response Make.

11. systems according to claim 10, wherein in described preassigned pattern, only produce the described of described peak power Light cell knot becomes being connected in series with described output port.

12. systems according to claim 7, the most each described management circuit includes communication interface, by described Communication interface can be to the programming of described management circuit to connect one of as follows composition and described power management electricity Road association many knot PV batteries described light cell tie: (a) all be connected in parallel to each other, (b) all be one another in series or (c) and The combination that connection connects and is connected in series.

13. systems according to claim 12, farther include power system controller, in response to determining that energy acquisition is Based on the sunlight being incident on described many knot PV batteries, described power system controller will be to each described management circuit Signal, the light cell of described management circuit is tied and is serially connected.

14. systems according to claim 12, farther include power system controller, in response to determining that energy acquisition is Based on light beam rather than sunlight, the subset of the selection to described management circuit is signaled by described power system controller To operate by preassigned pattern, described light beam is mainly incident on to be tied on PV batteries with the described of the subset associations of described selection more.

15. systems according to claim 14, wherein said light beam includes laser or non-coherent bundle.