CN104781495B - Improvements in or relating to downhole tools - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to downhole tools Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104781495B CN104781495B CN201280076493.6A CN201280076493A CN104781495B CN 104781495 B CN104781495 B CN 104781495B CN 201280076493 A CN201280076493 A CN 201280076493A CN 104781495 B CN104781495 B CN 104781495B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- arm
- reamer
- instrument
- expansible
- cutter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
- E21B10/322—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools cutter shifted by fluid pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
- E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
- E21B44/06—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive
Abstract
Described herein is a reamer tool (100) having a body (105) with bays (115) in which cutter arms (110) are mounted for deployment between a stowed position and a deployed position. A deployment mechanism is provided for deploying the cutter arms from their stowed position to their deployed position that maintains each cutter arm in a position that is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the body (105) whilst in its stowed position and in its deployed position as well as during its deployment from its stowed position to its deployed position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement being drilled down in instrument or relevant improvement, specifically, although be not exclusively,
The present invention relates to reamer instrument.
Background technology
Stratigraphical drilling uses long drilling pipe post and the instrument being coupled together.All elements of drill string are rotated together, with
Just the cut drill at drill string end is rotated.Cut drill forms in the earth formation hole, the remainder of drill string by the hole along
The movement of probing direction.The under-reamer being coupled between two of drill string other elements, for widening the hole that drill bit is formed
Wall.Under-reamer is also referred to as reamer, and it generally has overall diameter in withdrawn position, and the diameter is equal to or less than
The diameter in the hole being drilled.When in the position in launching, cutting element is removed from the body of under-reamer, to be formed
More than the diameter of the bore dia being drilled.When under-reamer is moved with being drilled down into as drill string is rotated, it is in drill bit
The hole in stratum is widened below.Additionally, under-reamer can be returned back up on the road on ground for opening the ground for caving at it
Layer.
WO-A-2005/124094 describes a under-reamer so or reamer instrument.Reamer instrument includes
Tubular body, body has axial bore and the shell around its peripheral disposition, to form outside opening.These openings at each
In, cutter element is accommodated in wherein, and cutter element includes two cutter arms, cutter arm can retracted position and extended position it
Between move, in retracted position, each cutter element is maintained at completely its related inside the shell, and in the position stretched,
Each cutter element is extended to outside its opening, so as to cut on the hole wall that more materials can be from stratum, is thus expanded
The diameter in hole.Drive mechanism is arranged in tubular body, with the mobile cutter element between indentation and extended position.
In the reamer instrument described by WO-A-2005/124094, a cutter arm is pivotably connected to tubular
On one end of body, the other end of body is connected to another cutter arm, and another cutter arm is connected to drive mechanism, so that two
Individual cutter arm can indentation and stretching, extension.Two cutter arms are formed arranges V-shaped upon deployment, wherein, the summit of V is in opening
Outside.
Usually, reamer instrument so is operated by means of the Fluid pressure of drill string, especially, by instrument
The partly fluid of itself.Fluid pressure is controlled by the operation of the pump being connected with drill string.In US-A-201/0006339, flow through
The Fluid pressure of instrument is used for operating reamer so that reamer stretches or indentation according to Fluid pressure.Here, reaming device assembly
The damper installed including cutter element and for sliding on groove.In retracted position, reaming device assembly is contained in recessed
In falling into, reaming device assembly makes it be located at depression outside by means of the position that stretching, extension is moved to along moving for groove.Fluid pressure can
Stretching, extension and indentation perceived and that activate reamer.
US-A-2010/0096191 discloses under-reamer and stabilizing tool, wherein, component of the blade is by being coupled to drive
Wedge-shaped element on dynamic pipe moves to extended position from retracted position, and wedge-shaped element interacts with the inclined plane of component of the blade,
Moved with realizing that component of the blade lifts (stretching, extension) and decline (indentation) relative to guide channel.When driving tube is along tool body
When length is moved, wedge-shaped element is pulled together with driving tube, and they cause blade in the inclined plane lower slider of component of the blade
Element makees radial motion and lifts (stretching, extension) and arrive outside its guide channel.Driving tube along tool body length in opposite direction
Motion, then from withdrawing wedge-shaped element under the inclined plane of component of the blade, it is allowed to which component of the blade makees radial motion and declines (retraction) and arrive
In its guide channel.The stretching, extension mechanism actuated of component of the blade limits, i.e. driving tube and wedge-shaped element are coupled with actuating mechanism.
The content of the invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to improved reamer instrument is provided, wherein, in the indentation and stretching, extension of reamer instrument
In position, cutter arm or blade remain parallel to the axis of reamer instrument, while providing higher opening scope.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide reamer instrument, wherein, open can on the ground according to opening in the range of
A certain value is adjusted, while providing significantly more efficient reamer instrument.
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of reamer instrument, it includes：
Substantially hollow body, body has longitudinal axis and including the exterior wall with the first overall diameter；
At least one arm neutral gear, it is formed about in a part for the exterior wall of body periphery；
At least one distensible arm, it is located in the arm neutral gear of correlation and be mounted to can be in retracted position and expanded position
Between expand, at this in vivo, in expanded position, each distensible arm describes the second overall diameter, outside second for retracted position
With diameter greater than the first overall diameter；And
At least one expanding mechanism, for expanding the distensible arm of correlation between retracted position and expanded position；
Characterized in that, each expanding mechanism includes two elongated connectors, elongated connector is at one end at portion position
It is pivotably connected on the distensible arm of correlation, and its related arm neutral gear is connected at the position of the other end, each
Expansible arm is pivotably mounted at two end positions relative to its related arm neutral gear so that each expansible arm is in contracting
Enter and expand in two positions and during it implements expansion and indentation between indentation and expanded position, keep substantially
With the longitudinal axis parallel of body.
By allowing connector that each expansible arm is connected to into its related arm neutral gear, expansible arm just can be made to keep basic
On parallel to reamer instrument longitudinal axis, thus, there is provided open scope, the scope is more than including tapered member or similar structure
The possible opening scope of expanding mechanism of part.
In the situation that the instrument that is drilled down into includes reamer instrument, expansible arm is set to remain parallel to body longitudinal axis
Advantage be that attacking for each cutting blade be a little reliable, it be a little such point to attack, i.e. leading cutting element is in the point
It is meshed with material to be cut or stratum.
It is natural, also provide actuating mechanism to activate expanding mechanism, each expansible arm is pivotable at the position of the other end
Be connected to actuating mechanism.
It is advantageous that expanding mechanism also includes the 3rd elongated connector, it is pivotably connected to each expansible arm
And actuating mechanism.
So, actuating mechanism directly moves expansible arm, and other elongated connectors are used for keeping and longitudinal axis base
It is parallel in sheet.In a preferred embodiment, actuating mechanism includes piston.
The instrument of being drilled down into may also include at least one return component, for stopping activating each extension means.At one
In embodiment, each gigback includes the spring of opposing actuating mechanism effect biasing.
Can setting table shoulder block, it is located in each arm neutral gear to limit the expansion of expansible arm.By selecting suitable dimension
Shoulder block, the expansion of expansible arm is just can determine that, to provide for the preferable overall diameter that engages with stratum.
In a preferred embodiment, the second overall diameter can be up to 1.3 times of the first overall diameter.For example, if downwards
The overall diameter of boring means is 100cm, then expansible arm is expansible and depict the overall diameter for reaching 130cm.
It is preferred that be drilled down into instrument just can reamer instrument, and each expansible arm just can cutter arm.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided for the expansible arm of downward drilling tool, the distensible cutter arm bag
At least one front cutting blade and rear cutting blade are included, each cutting blade includes multiple cutting elements, each front cutting blade
Related cutting blade is provided to a cutting element on rear cutting blade is attacked a little.
So expansible cutter arm may also include positioned at first side and the second side of each side of plane, per side from plane phase
The preset distance answered, be used in front blade attack a little and for rear blade attack a little from the plane systematic from.
By allowing the attacking a little from the plane systematic from can then improve the efficiency of reamer instrument of each cutter arm.Additionally, carrying
For more flexible reamer instrument, the scope for opening size may be housed in wherein.
Preset distance for the first side may differ from for the preset distance of the second side.
In one embodiment, cutting element may include polycrystalline diamond cutting element.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of reamer instrument, as above expansible cut with least one
Tool arm.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the reamer instrument with longitudinal axis, the reamer instrument is included at least
One distensible cutter arm with multiple cutting elements, cutting element arrangement is shaped as at least one front cutting blade with after
One of cutting element on cutting blade, the cutting element on front cutting blade and rear cutting blade is provided for its related cutting
Blade is attacked a little, it is characterised in that for attacking for front cutting blade a little and a little vertical from extending through for attacking for rear cutting blade
To axis plane systematic from.
Reamer instrument preferably also includes at least one expanding mechanism and actuating mechanism, and expanding mechanism is used to retract
The expansible cutter arm of correlation is expanded between position and expanded position, and actuating mechanism is used to activate each expanding mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, each expanding mechanism includes at least two elongated connectors, and connector is at one end
The expansible cutter arm of correlation is pivotably connected at portion position, and it is empty that its related arm is connected at the position of the other end
Shelves, each distensible cutter arm is pivotably mounted at two end positions relative to its related arm neutral gear, then,
In retracted position and expanded position, and during implementing expansion and indentation between retracted position and expanded position, each can
The cutter arm of expansion maintains substantially parallel to longitudinal axis.
Expanding mechanism advantageously also includes the 3rd elongated connector, and it is pivotably connected to each distensible cutter
Arm and actuating mechanism, each distensible cutter arm is pivotably connected to actuating mechanism at the position of the other end.
Actuating mechanism is preferably comprised piston.Reamer instrument may also include at least one for stop activate each expand
The return component of mechanism.
Can setting table shoulder block, it is located in each arm neutral gear to limit the expansion of expansible cutter arm.The opening of cutter arm
Scope may be up to 1.3 times of reamer instrument overall diameter, and according to the size of shoulder block, shoulder block can limit opening.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided for being drilled down into tool control modules, the instrument of being drilled down into includes having
The substantially hollow body of longitudinal axis；Around at least one arm neutral gear that substantially hollow body periphery is formed；At least one
It is individual in associated arm neutral gear and to be mounted to implement between retracted position and expanded position the expansible arm expanded, retracted position
Within substantially hollow body, in expanded position, expansible arm is depicted outer more than the second of the first overall diameter straight
Footpath；At least one expanding mechanism, for expanding the expansible arm of correlation between retracted position and expanded position；And for grasping
Make the piston of each expansible arm, the control module includes：
Installed in intrinsic element, it can be moved between the first position and the second position；
Control the motor of the member motion；And
With the gear mechanism of motor associated, for the element will to be delivered to from the driving force of motor；
Characterized in that, control module also includes chamber and port, the chamber is connected with piston, and port has open position
And closed position, the opening and closing position is determined by corresponding second and first position of element.
It is further characterized in that, in the open position, port allows fluid to flow into chamber and improve pressure therein, to operate
Piston is expanding each expansible arm.
In a preferred embodiment, motor and gear mechanism are arranged between the element and body outer wall.Power supply is preferable
The sheet that ground is located at reamer instrument is internal.This has the advantages that to protect control module, i.e. motor, gear mechanism and power supply are exempted from
The ambient influnence that reamer instrument runs wherein.
In one embodiment, power supply includes battery.In another embodiment, power supply includes turbine, and it is arranged to right
Motor generates electricity.
Control module may also include at least one position sensor, for detecting the position of body interior element.Additionally, may be used also
At least one pressure sensor is provided, for detecting the pressure of within the chamber.
Additionally, at least one sensor can be arranged, it at least detects pressure change in the fluid for flow through the instrument of being drilled down into,
Each sensor provides control signal to motor.In addition, it is possible to provide at least one sensor come detect the instrument of being drilled down into turn
Speed change, each sensor provides control signal to motor.
In addition, it is possible to provide communication system, control signal is supplied to motor by the communication system.In one embodiment,
The communication system includes wired connection, and control signal is transmitted in the wired connection.
Description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, only it is by means of citing, in accompanying drawing now with reference to accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 illustrates the sectional view of the signal of reamer instrument of the invention, and the reamer instrument is shown at contracting
In entering position；
Fig. 2 shows the reamer instrument in extended position similar to Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 shows the cutter on the arm of reamer instrument shown in Fig. 1 and 2；
Fig. 4 shows the sectional view of the control system for reamer instrument shown in Fig. 1 and 2, at the reamer instrument
In the position of indentation；
Fig. 5 shows the control system with the reamer instrument in extended position similar to Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
Now with reference to particular embodiment and referring to the drawings disclosing the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this.It is described
Accompanying drawing only be illustrate, have no limited significance.In the accompanying drawings, the size of some elements can amplify, be diagram convenience not
It is drawn to scale.
It will be understood that, term " vertical " and " level " are used to refer to here the certain orientation of accompanying drawing, these arts
Language is not limited for specific embodiment described herein.Additionally, term " top " and " bottom " are used to refer to the part of drill string, it
Respectively for ground or the top of drill string, and away from ground or the bottom of drill string.
The present invention relates to improved reamer instrument and the such reamer instrument of operation or other be drilled down into the control of instrument
System processed.Reamer instrument described referring to Fig. 1 to 3, and with reference to Figure 4 and 5 describing control system.
Although referring to the reamer instrument of cutter arm describing the present invention, the present disclosure applies equally to also may be used
Instrument is drilled down into for stable purpose.In this case, cutter arm is stablized pad arms replacement, is launched when pad arms is stablized
When, its contact formation wall and stable drill string, instrument formed drill string a part.Although additionally, control system is with reference to reamer work
The use of tool is described, but control system is not limited to using on reamer instrument, and it can be used for any other downward brill
Enter instrument.
Reamer instrument and it is other be drilled down into instrument, be all operable in, i.e. by means of flowing through related drill string
Change in fluid pressure come implement stretch and indentation.The pump being connected with drill string controls the flowing of fluid.It is suitable in drill string
Sensor at position detects the change of Fluid pressure.
With reference first to Fig. 1 and 2, the longitudinal sectional view of reamer instrument 100 is shown in figure.Reamer instrument 100 includes tool
There is the reamer body 105 of three cutter arms 110, cutter arm 110 is arranged on corresponding inside the shell, or installed in reamer body
In the arm neutral gear 115 formed in 105.Three cutter arms 110 surround the peripheral equidistant spacing of reamer body 105, but in Fig. 1
With 2 in a cutter arm so is only shown.
Each cutter arm 110 includes cutting element or cutting blade 120, as illustrated, cutting blade 120 is in corresponding pivot
Three elongated connectors 125,130,135 are pivotly respectively arranged at turning point 140,145,150.Two elongated connectors 125,
130 are also pivotally attached to shell or arm neutral gear 115 at respective pivot 155,160.3rd elongated connector 135 is borrowed
Help pivotal point 165 to be also pivotally installed on piston 170.
Piston 170 include actuating mechanism, piston is operable and move to as shown in Figure 2 from first position as shown in Figure 1
The second place, to stretch cutter arm 110, specifically, cutting element or cutting blade 120 are from retracted position to extending position
Put, there, cutting element or cutting blade 120 are extended to outside reamer body 105, and form the overall diameter of increase, this is outer
Diameter is 1.3 times of the normal outer diameter of reamer body 105.
It will recognize that, in the other embodiments of reamer instrument 100 of the invention, three cutter arms 110 and
The overall diameter that its cutting element or cutting blade 12 are limited, as required compared with the overall diameter of reamer body 105, can have
Other ratio, therefore, it is not limited to 1.3 times of the up to overall diameter of reamer body 105.Overall diameter is limited by shoulder block 175,
Before reamer instrument 100 is formed in the pit shaft that part thereof of drill string is incorporated in stratum, according to formation stratum Zhong Jing
The overall diameter of the reamer instrument 100 required for cylinder, selectes on the ground the size of shoulder block 175.
It will recognize that, various sizes of shoulder block can be provided with reamer instrument 100, select the shoulder block of suitable dimension
To limit the stretching, extension of cutter arm 110, with control by the cutter arm 110 and cutting element or cutting blade 120 that stretch limit it is outer
Diameter, controls in the range of from the identical overall diameter of reamer body 105 to the opening of 1.3 times of the overall diameter.
When cutter arm 110 stretches from its corresponding shell or the arm neutral gear 115 being formed in reamer body 105,
The cutting structure (not shown) of each cutter arm 110 remains the longitudinal axis 180 parallel to reamer body 105.As above
It is described, it is formed in pivotal point 140,145,150,155,160,165 on connector 125,130,135 corresponding connectors effectively
Pivotal axis is provided, can be rotated around these axles with the cutter arm 110 that stretches and retract, make cutting element or cutting blade 120
Pass in and out corresponding shell or arm neutral gear 115.However, the pivotal point 140,145 being arranged on corresponding connector 125,130 guarantees；
When cutter arm 110 stretches, cutter arm 110 remains parallel to reamer body 105, for cutting and to be retracted into it corresponding outer
In shell or arm neutral gear 115.The pivotal point 150 on elongated connector 135 is arranged on for according to piston 170 or other actuating mechanisms
To stretch the cutter arm 110 related to retraction, this will be described in detail below.
By using expanding mechanism, the mechanism using be pivotably connected to cutter arm 110 and shell or arm neutral gear 115 with
And the elongated connector of piston 170 or other actuating mechanisms, cutter arm 110 and cutting element or cutting blade 120 is effective straight
1.3 times of the extending overall diameter to reamer body 105 in footpath.Additionally, amount of expansion can be limited easily by suitable shoulder block 175
System.
The power for stretching cutter arm 110 is provided by the pressure being applied on piston 170, and the power of retraction cutter arm is by spring 185
(being described referring to Figure 4 and 5) provides.The pressure of applying is provided by the flow of fluid for flowing through reamer body 105, and this will
It is described in more detail below.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, reamer body 105 is the general tube shape with hollow central portion 190, and it forms fluid
Flow path.Piston 170 is arranged in reamer body 105, and is operated by fluid therein is flow through, and this will hereinafter
It is described in detail with reference to Figure 4 and 5.
In the embodiment of reamer instrument 100 described above, be at all will with wherein use reamer instrument
Stratum contact expansionary phase during, it is ensured that cutting element, for example, be referred to as the ciamond cutter of the polycrystalline of PDC cutteves,
Fully function.This will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 3.
In figure 3, one of cutter arm 110 of reamer instrument 100 shown in Fig. 1 and 2 is showed in figure in greater detail
Divide 200.Cutting element relative to cutter arm 110 locating and displaying in figure.The part 200 shows there is two cutting blades
205th, 210 single cutter arm 110 (Fig. 1), front cutting blade 205 and rear cutting blade 210.(term " front " and " afterwards " be
Refer to the order that cutting blade is contacted with the well bore wall for being formed in the earth formation, and one part is formed by reamer instrument 100 (Fig. 1)
Drill string (not shown) rotation direction determine.〕
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, five cutting elements 215,220,225,230,235 are on front cutting blade 205
It can be seen that, and six cutting elements 240,245,250,255,260,265 are visible on rear cutting blade 210.Front cutting blade 205
On cutting element 215 and rear cutting blade 210 on cutting element 240 have and attack a little 270,275 accordingly, they from expansion
The consistent plane 280 of the longitudinal axis 180 of hole device body 105 equidistantly open (Fig. 1) by spacing.This means the past cutter
The side 285 of piece 205 to the distance of plane 280 is less than from the side 290 of rear cutting blade 210 to the distance of plane 280.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, cutting element 215,220,225,230,235,240,245,250,255,260,
265 include PDC element as depicted.Although 11 PDC elements are visible, the PDC being presented on each blade 205,210
The quantity of element, is the size determination of the size and reamer instrument according to PDC element itself.However, it will be appreciated that
Other types of cutting element, for example, impregnated cutting element can be used.
Allow attack and a little 270,275 open from the equidistant spacing of plane 280, then attack a little 270,275 pairs open in the range of any beat
Opening size will all contact stratum.If attacking a little, 270,275 from plane 280, non-equally spacing is opened, cutter arm is by only one of which
Possible opening size is contacted come cutting blade before and after guaranteeing with stratum.
Before and after as above cutting blade 205,210 have varying number cutting element 215,220,225,230,
235th, 240,245,250,255,260,265, they are not lined up each other, and then, cutting element 215,240 attacks a little 270,275
There are different height relative to reamer body 105.
The effective overall diameter (that is, opening size) of reamer instrument 100, is determined by the position for attacking a little 270,275.
Referring now to Figure 4 and 5, the longitudinal sectional view of the signal of reamer instrument 100 is shown in figure.Previously retouch with reference to Fig. 1 and 2
Those parts stated have identical reference.
Reamer instrument 100 includes the reamer body 105 with cutter arm 110, as described above, cutter arm 110 is installed
In corresponding shell or the arm neutral gear 115 being formed in reamer body 105.For clarity, be not shown connector and
Operate as discussed above the pivotal point of cutter arm 110.Spring 185 is used for making the cutter arm of expansion return to its retracted position,
Spring 185 is schematically depicted as square.
As noted previously, as fluid flows through reamer instrument 100, the pressure being applied on piston 170 cuts there is provided stretching, extension
The power of tool arm 110, and the power of retraction cutter arm is provided by spring 185.In cutter arm stretching process, act on piston 170
Pressure initiation power more than spring 185 provide power.Once act on the abundant underground drop of pressure on piston 170 so that make
Power becomes less than the power of the offer of spring 185, then spring 185 causes cutter arm 110 to be retracted into its corresponding shell or arm sky
In shelves 115.This will be described below.
The control system 300 for launching cutter arm 110 is arranged in reamer body 105, and control system 300 includes motor
310th, gear train 315 and moveable sleeve 320, the motor 310 and gear train 315 are contained in sleeve 320 and reaming
Between the outer wall 325 of device body 105., with the rotation of the first predetermined speed, gear train 315 is by the first pre- constant speed for motor 310
Degree is reduced to the second slow predetermined speed, and second predetermined speed is used for the sleeve 320 of operating movable.In one embodiment
In, ball screw (not shown) can be used to that linear movement will be converted to from the rotation of gear train 315 output, the linear movement
For moving sleeve 320 to open and close port 385, this will be described below.However, it will be appreciated that other
The linear movement that also can be used to displaceable sleeve 320 is converted to from the rotational motion of gear train 315 of structure arrangement, example
Such as, the little gear of gear train 315 or the engageable rack elements being arranged on displaceable sleeve 320 of worm gear forming part.
Motor 310 can be powered by battery (not shown), or be powered by the turbine being arranged in drill string (also not shown),
Turbine is produced from the electric current for flowing through flow of fluid therein.Notwithstanding gear train 315, but will recognize that, can
By means of any suitable device that motor output is converted to linear movement, linear fortune will be converted to from the driving force of motor
It is dynamic.
The shell or arm neutral gear 115 of each cutter arm 110 by hollow core 190 wall 330 and reamer body
A part 335 for 105 outer wall 325 is limited.Piston 170 is limited by the chamber 340 for being adjacent to cutter arm 110, as illustrated, chamber
Room 340 by the wall 330 of core 190, the outer wall 325 of reamer body 105, sleeve 320, the first cylindrical part 345,
Two cylindrical parts 350 and end wall 355 are limited.End wall 355 also motor 310 and control system 300 gear train 315 it
Between form barrier.
Ring packing 360,365 is arranged on the first cylindrical part 345 and corresponding between wall 330 and sleeve 320.In addition
Ring packing 370,375 be arranged between the cylindrical part 350 of sleeve 320 and second, and sleeve 320 and it is hollow in
The wall 380 of center portion point 190.Sealing 360 may be installed on the first cylindrical part 345 or wall 330, because the first cylindrical part
345 move not with respect to wall 330.
First and second cylindrical part 345,350 forms port 385, when sleeve 320 is in first position, port
Sealed up by moveable sleeve 320, as shown in figure 4, then, fluid flows through hollow core as shown in arrow 390
190.When sleeve 320 is in the second place, as shown in figure 5, port 385 is opened, fluid can be flowed into as shown in arrow 395
In chamber 340.
Another additional sealing 400 be also arranged on as shown in figure piston 170 and reamer body 105 outer wall 325 it
Between, to move to from the position shown in Fig. 4 in piston 170 during the position shown in Fig. 5, prevent drilling fluid from entering.
The operation of motor 310, with the identical direction of arrow 390 effectively moving sleeve 320 and open port 385,
And move and close port 385 in opposite direction, the driving force from motor 310 is delivered to sleeve by gear train 315
320.By means of the rotating speed of the drill string (not shown) of the fluid flow and/or increase of the increase of hollow core 190,
Control signal is provided to motor 310.At least one suitable sensor (not shown) is provided and comes detection pressure and/or rotating speed
Change, and control signal is provided to motor 310, for example, pressure sensor is used for the change of detection pressure, and accelerometer is used for visiting
Survey the change of rotating speed.It is also possible, however, to use other sensors are detecting the change of rotating speed.
It will recognize that, motor 310 can be reversing motor, and it operates to realize port 385 along both direction
Open and close.Used as the replacement scheme to motor 310, electrical solenoid can be used to realize the opening and closing of port 385.
Nature, motor 310 and gear train 315 are sealed in the region 410 formed by sleeve 320 and outer wall 325,
Then, the region is protected from the impact of drilling environment, i.e. mud, rock etc., and it enters into hollow core
In 190.In a preferred embodiment, the region 410 is full of oil, to prevent the fragment from drilling environment from entering.
Before cutter arm 110 is expanded, cutter arm 110 is contained in as described above its corresponding shell or arm neutral gear 115
It is interior.Flow of fluid flows through hollow core 190 (Fig. 4) as shown in arrow 390.As described above, when by means of flowing through
The change in fluid pressure and/or the rotation speed change of drill string of hollow core 190, when control signal is sent to into motor 310,
The sleeve 320 of the operating movable of motor 310 so as to move along the direction identical with flow of fluid as shown in arrow 390 and
Open port 385 (Fig. 5).
When port 385 is opened, fluid is flowed in chamber 340, wherein setting up pressure.When the pressure in chamber 340 reaches
During to a certain value, now, the power of the effect of piston 170 more than the power that spring 185 is acted on, from the position shown in Fig. 4 push to by piston 170
Arm neutral gear 115, to expand cutter arm 110 as illustrated in fig. 5.Piston 170 causes each cutter arm towards the motion of arm neutral gear 115
110 pivotal points 150 on connector 135 and the pivotal point 140,145 on connector 125 are pivoted, then, cutter arm
110 from its related intramedullary expansion of arm neutral gear 115 as shown in figs. 1 and 4 to position as shown in figures 2 and 5.Formed in chamber 340
Fluid flow out outside the ozzle 415 that is connected with cutter arm 110, piston 170 is maintained at into position as shown in figures 2 and 5, therefore,
Expansion cutter arm 110, until port 385 is closed by the operation of motor 310 and gear train 315 by sleeve 320.
Upon receipt of another control signal, i.e. in the pressure of flow of fluid in the rotating speed of another change and/or drill string
Change, then motor 310 activated again and is moved back into moveable sleeve 320 as shown in Figure 4 from position as shown in Figure 5
Position, thereby turn off port 385, then, there is no longer fluid and flow into as shown in arrow 395 in chamber 340.Fluid effuser
Outside mouth 415, pressure reduces in chamber 340 so that the power of spring 185 causes cutter arm 110 to return to its related shell
Or arm neutral gear 115, return to position as shown in figs. 1 and 4.Further, since the power of the effect of spring 185, piston 170 can be pushed back
To its initial position as shown in Figure 1.
Alternatively, it is not service meter 310, but by turning off the pump being connected with drill string so that flow through the stream of drill string
Body flowing be cut off, the pressure in chamber 340 due to without further fluid flow through port 385 and flow into chamber 340 and under
Drop, thus can make cutter arm 110 retract.Once the pressure drop in chamber 340 is to a certain value, now, the power of the effect of spring 185
More than in chamber 340 pressure provide power, then piston 170 be moved back into position as shown in figs. 1 and 4, cutter arm 110 is retracted, together
When due to cutter arm 110 around point 140,145,150 pivot and still parallel to longitudinal axis 180；Connector 125,130 is corresponding
Shell or arm neutral gear 115 in around point 155,160 pivot；And when piston is moved back into such as Fig. 4 institutes from position as shown in Figure 5
During the position for showing, because the motion of piston 170 causes connector to pivot around pivotal point 165.
As described above, control system 300 includes power supply (not shown), but it may also comprise other electronic equipments, for example, use
The pressure sensor of pressure in detection chamber 340, for measuring set of cylinder 320 and the movement velocity of piston 170 and drill string rotating speed, with
And the accelerometer of speed of the cutter arm 110 in expansion and retraction phase process.In addition, it is possible to provide communication device (does not show
Go out), in the situation that the change of fluid flow pressure as above or the change of drill string rotating speed do not provide control signal, control
Signal can be supplied to motor by communication device.
Power supply can be provided by one or more battery, or by wired connection from surface power supply.Additionally, wired connection can shape
Into a part for communication device, control signal can be partially transferred to motor by this.
It will recognize that, cutter arm expanding mechanism can be used for other instruments, for example, be drilled down into stabilizer, and cutter
Arm can be expanded using other expanding mechanisms.
Notwithstanding the present invention particular embodiment, but will recognize that, the embodiment be not it is restricted, other
Embodiment can drop into as appended claims definition the scope of the invention within.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is drilled down into instrument, including：
Substantially hollow body, it has longitudinal axis and including the outer wall with the first overall diameter；
At least one arm neutral gear, it surrounds body periphery and is formed in an outer wall part；
At least one expansible arm, it is located in the arm neutral gear of correlation and is mounted to implement between retracted position and expanded position
Expansion, retracted position is located within body, and in expanded position, each expansible arm depicts second more than the first overall diameter
Overall diameter；
At least one expanding mechanism, for expanding the expansible arm of correlation between retracted position and expanded position, wherein, each
Expanding mechanism includes the first elongated connector and the second elongated connector, and the first elongated connector at one end can at portion position
The expansible arm of correlation is pivotally connected to, and its related arm neutral gear is connected at the position of the other end, described second is thin
Long connector is pivotably connected at one end the expansible arm of correlation at portion position, and is connected to it at the position of the other end
Related arm neutral gear, each distensible arm is pivotably mounted on its respective end position relative to its related arm neutral gear
Place, then, in retracted position and expanded position, and implements the process of expansion and indentation between retracted position and expanded position
In, each distensible arm maintains substantially parallel to longitudinal axis；And
For activating the actuating mechanism of expanding mechanism, wherein, the expanding mechanism also include the 3rd elongated connector, the described 3rd
Elongated connector is independently of the described first elongated connector and the second elongated connector and pivotable at portion position at one end
Be connected to correlation expansible arm and be connected to actuating mechanism at the position of the other end.
2. instrument is drilled down into as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the actuating mechanism includes piston.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610938902.9A CN106567677A (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Extensible cutting tool arm and reamer tool |
| CN201610939176.2A CN106639883B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | For being drilled down into the control module of tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2012/055804 WO2014064485A1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Improvements in or relating to downhole tools |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610939176.2A Division CN106639883B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | For being drilled down into the control module of tool |
| CN201610938902.9A Division CN106567677A (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Extensible cutting tool arm and reamer tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104781495A CN104781495A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| CN104781495B true CN104781495B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=47358244
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280076493.6A Expired - Fee Related CN104781495B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Improvements in or relating to downhole tools |
| CN201610938902.9A Pending CN106567677A (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Extensible cutting tool arm and reamer tool |
| CN201610939176.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106639883B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | For being drilled down into the control module of tool |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610938902.9A Pending CN106567677A (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | Extensible cutting tool arm and reamer tool |
| CN201610939176.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106639883B (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | For being drilled down into the control module of tool |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8807246B2 (en) |
| CN (3) | CN104781495B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2886191C (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2015002626A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014064485A1 (en) |
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| US8807246B2 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-08-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole tool and control module |
| CN105401883A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-03-16 | 衢州市易凡设计有限公司 | Pile hole intelligent expanding method |
| US9372384B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2016-06-21 | Andrew John Hudson | Camera quick attachment and release mechanism |
| US10815745B2 (en) | 2015-08-29 | 2020-10-27 | Wellbore Integrity Solutions Llc | Thru-casing section mill |
| US11421478B2 (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2022-08-23 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Support features for extendable elements of a downhole tool body, tool bodies having such support features and related methods |
| GB2565804B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-11-18 | Ardyne Holdings Ltd | Downhole tubing milling device and method |
| EP3615761A4 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2021-01-13 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Push-the-bit bottom hole assembly with reamer |
| EP4242416A3 (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2023-10-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Point-the-bit bottom hole assembly with reamer |
| WO2020122936A1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore scraper assembly |
| CN110106879B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2021-04-13 | 陈艳龙 | High-applicability multidimensional scaling and pile expanding equipment for road and bridge engineering |
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- 2012-10-22 WO PCT/IB2012/055804 patent/WO2014064485A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-10-22 MX MX2015002626A patent/MX2015002626A/en unknown
- 2012-10-22 CN CN201610938902.9A patent/CN106567677A/en active Pending
- 2012-10-22 CN CN201610939176.2A patent/CN106639883B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-22 CA CA2886191A patent/CA2886191C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2013
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104781495A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| WO2014064485A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
| CN106639883B (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| MX2015002626A (en) | 2016-01-22 |
| CN106567677A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
| CA2886191C (en) | 2017-08-29 |
| US20140110171A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
| CN106639883A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| US20140110179A1 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
| US8807246B2 (en) | 2014-08-19 |
| CA2886191A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
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