CN104777527B - A kind of visibility caliberating device - Google Patents
A kind of visibility caliberating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104777527B CN104777527B CN201510186172.7A CN201510186172A CN104777527B CN 104777527 B CN104777527 B CN 104777527B CN 201510186172 A CN201510186172 A CN 201510186172A CN 104777527 B CN104777527 B CN 104777527B
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- guide rail
- laser
- visibility
- trolley
- amplifier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/18—Testing or calibrating meteorological apparatus
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of visibility calibration systems comprising：Sliding guide rail device, platform trolley, laser beam emitting device, photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment, the platform trolley is slidably installed on the sliding guide rail device, it is provided with photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment on the platform trolley, one end of the sliding guide rail device is fixedly installed laser beam emitting device, and the platform trolley and photoelectric receiving arrangement are separately connected the control and data processing equipment.The system can demarcate the precision and error of visibility meter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environment protection equipment, in particular to visibility caliberating devices.
Background technology
With the development of economy, the accurate measurement and forecast of various meteorological elements have increasing need for；Especially communications and transportation
The rapid development of cause, the increase of the various vehicles and the raising of speed, demand of each field to visibility measurement instrument is more
Add urgent.In traffic and transport fields such as aviation, navigation, highway and harbours, visibility has traffic safety important shadow
It rings.By taking aviation field as an example, the accurate measurement of visibility is particularly important to ensureing that aircraft safety lands and takes off.Institute
Some boats have all exclusively carried out the synoptic weather observation for being applied to flight operations on calling out the stops, it is necessary to often report fast-changing weather feelings
Condition, especially with regard to low clouds height and low visibility.Visibility directly reflects the visual range size of pilot, decides aircraft energy
It is no successfully to take off or land, it is one of the important meteorological element for ensureing flight safety.And it existing visibility measurement equipment or newly opens
Hair equipment accuracy, reliability how to demarcate still have it is to be solved.
Invention content
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of visibility caliberating device, can demarcate the precision and mistake of visibility meter
Difference.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
The present invention provides a kind of visibility calibration system comprising：Sliding guide rail device, platform trolley, Laser emission dress
It sets, photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment, the platform trolley are slidably installed in the rail plate dress
It sets, photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment is provided on the platform trolley, the sliding guide rail device
One end is fixedly installed laser beam emitting device, and the platform trolley and photoelectric receiving arrangement are separately connected at the control and data
Manage device.
Preferably, the sliding guide rail device includes：An at least guide rail is arranged at intervals with sensing chip on the guide rail；
The platform trolley includes：Mounting base, trolley outer cover, idler wheel, gear, servo motor, retarder, PLC (can be compiled
Range controller), proximity sensor, accumulator and inverter, the trolley outer cover is arranged on the mounting base, the installation
Servo motor, retarder, PLC, accumulator and inverter, the bottom of the mounting base are provided between bottom plate and trolley outer cover
It is provided with idler wheel and proximity sensor, the PLC connections servo motor, the servo motor transmission connects the deceleration
Device, the retarder drive connection gear, the gear drive connect the idler wheel, and the idler wheel is slidably installed in
On the guide rail, the inverter is separately connected the accumulator and the servo motor；
The laser beam emitting device includes：Laser, chopper and transmitting light path lens devices, the chopper setting exist
The outlet of the laser, the transmitting light path lens devices are arranged in front of the chopper and positioned at the light of the laser
On the road；
The photoelectric receiving arrangement includes：Receive optical lens device, photodetector and lock-in amplifier, the reception
Optical lens device is arranged in the light path of transmitting light path lens devices and positioned at the front of photodetector, the photodetection
Device is arranged in the front of the lock-in amplifier and the photodetector connection lock-in amplifier, the lock-in amplifier
Connect the chopper；
The control and data processing equipment include industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer connects the lock-in amplifier, PLC and storage
Battery.
Preferably, the visibility calibration system, including adjustment frame, laser are arranged on the adjustment frame, the tune
Whole rack-mounted one end for being located at the guide rail
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, has the advantages that：Visibility caliberating device provided by the invention is based on
To the approximate real simulation of atmospheric environment, by under same visibility conditions, optical measuring apparatus along sliding rail traverse measurement,
The high-precision visibility value of air to be measured is measured, and then compares the number of tested visibility meter to be measured using the high-precision visibility value
Value, weighs the precision and error of visibility meter to be measured.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic diagram of visibility calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of visibility calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the stereogram of visibility calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is atmospheric transmittance decaying schematic diagram under different visibility conditions；
Fig. 5 is every meter of atmospheric transmittance attenuation degree schematic diagram.
The embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the realization, the function and the advantages of the object of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of visibility calibration system, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, including：Rail plate fills
100, platform trolley 200, laser beam emitting device 300, photoelectric receiving arrangement 400 and control and data processing equipment 500 are set, it is described
Platform trolley 200 is slidably installed on the sliding guide rail device 100, and being provided with photoelectricity on the platform trolley 200 connects
Receiving apparatus 400 and control and data processing equipment 500, one end of the sliding guide rail device 100 are fixedly installed Laser emission
Device 300, the platform trolley 200 and photoelectric receiving arrangement are separately connected the control and data processing equipment.When laser is sent out
After injection device 300 launches laser beam, the mobile platform trolley 200 on sliding guide rail device 100 is mounted on platform trolley
Photoelectric receiving arrangement 400 can get the laser attenuation signal of different distance, by data acquisition and processing (DAP), obtain current visibility
Value.And then the numerical value of tested visibility meter to be measured is compared using the high-precision visibility value, weigh the precision of visibility meter to be measured
And error.
In more specifically embodiment, on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, the sliding guide rail device packet
It includes：An at least guide rail 101 is arranged at intervals with sensing chip 102 on the guide rail 101；In preferred embodiment, the rail plate
Device includes：2 root longs are 55m steel structure guide rails, and two guide rail spacing 0.35m are installed in 55m length ranges every 5m distances
Sensing chip 102.
The platform trolley 200 includes：Mounting base 202, trolley outer cover, idler wheel 203, gear, servo motor, deceleration
Device, PLC, proximity sensor 201, accumulator 204 and inverter 205, the trolley outer cover are arranged on the mounting base, institute
It states and is provided with servo motor, retarder, PLC, accumulator between mounting base and trolley outer cover, the bottom of the mounting base is set
It is equipped with idler wheel and proximity sensor, the PLC connections servo motor, the servo motor transmission connects the retarder,
The retarder drive connection gear, the gear drive connect the idler wheel 203, and the idler wheel is slidably installed in
On the guide rail, the inverter is separately connected the accumulator and the servo motor.PLC control servomotors operate, and lead to
Crossing gear drives idler wheel 203 to rotate, movement velocity, round-trip number, residence time etc. to control the platform trolley 200.Root
According to the signal of proximity sensor 201, the position of detection platform trolley 200.The X/Y deviations of directivity in 200 motion process of platform trolley
It is extremely low, ensure in entire test process, the probe of photodetector is in effective receiving light path always.
It realizes that 200 position of platform trolley is accurately positioned by the way of proximity sensor 201 and sensing chip 102, works as platform
Trolley 200 moves to different points, measures the transmitance of position, so as to calculate visibility value.
The laser beam emitting device includes：Laser 301, chopper 302 and transmitting light path lens devices (convex lens)
303, the chopper 302 is arranged in the outlet of the laser 301, and the transmitting light path lens devices 303 are arranged described
In light path in front of chopper 302 and positioned at the laser 301；
Preferably, the power of the laser 301 is 30mw, operating mode：CW, power stability：<1% is (small more than 4
When), wavelength：532nm, the angle of divergence<1.5mrad, spot diameter 1.2mm.The laser of laser beam emitting device is for emitting laser
Beam, chopper are positioned over laser exit, and continuous laser beam is tuned as pulsed light.The laser that laser generates is by transmitting
Light path lens devices 303 (the transmitting light path lens devices can be convex lens) are expanded, and are emitted along guide rail direction.
The photoelectric receiving arrangement 400 includes：Receiving optical lens device 401, (lens group, gathers parallel optical coupling
On coke to photodetector), photodetector 402 and lock-in amplifier 403, the reception optical lens device is arranged in photoelectricity
The front of detector, the photodetector are arranged in the front of the lock-in amplifier, and the chopper 302 connects locking phase and puts
Big device 403；Laser beam after transmitting light path lens devices 303 expand is filled after propagating in air by receiving optical lens
It sets 401 and is received by photodetector 402, the signal path of the signal access lock-in amplifier of photodetector 402 carries out light
The acquisition of energy.
The control and data processing equipment 500 include industrial personal computer 501, are built-in industrial control machine, the work preferably
Control machine connects the photoelectric receiving arrangement and PLC.The signal of lock-in amplifier is received, and the signal to receiving carries out at analysis
Reason, and photoelectric receiving arrangement and PLC working conditions are controlled according to analysis and processing result.
In other embodiments, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the visibility calibration system further includes adjustment frame, laser
Device is arranged on the adjustment frame, and the adjustment frame is installed in one end of the guide rail.By manually adjusting transmitter unit adjustment
Laser beam position and the direction of transmitting can be changed in frame.
It is the application examples of above-described embodiment below：
When platform moving of car to different points, the transmitance of position is measured, so as to calculate visibility value, thoroughly
It is 0~0.9900 to cross rate measurement range, and Transmissivity measurement error is less than 0.1%.
According to Bill's Lambert law, there is formula (1)：
Wherein, I0Indicate that incident intensity, unit are：Candela；I indicates exiting light beam intensity, unit：Candela；B is to make
With the length of air, unit is：Rice；σ is absorption probability.
When it is uniform to simulate cabin atmosphere, then there are formula (2) and formula (3)：
I=I0·exp(Bσ) (2)
Formula (3) Koschmieder (abbreviation KShi formula, section's Shi meter De Er formula) is only effective when wavelength is 0.55 μm,
Tightened up formula will consider the dependence to wavelength, formula (4), formula (5) and formula (6) be seen, earliest by Angstrom
(Ang Sitelun) is proposed：
σ=A λ-q (4)
The unit of V is km in formula above, and the unit of λ is m, and A indicates that coefficient q has formula (7)：
Formula (8) can be obtained by formula (3) and formula (6)：
In formula, V indicates visibility value；Wherein C is improvement factor, and with optical wavelength, visibility range, noise of instrument is related
(generally being set according to itself instrument trait by producer), classical formulas initial in theory are calculated as 3.912, but practical
Situation tends not to reach, and 3 are generally taken in aeronautical meteorology.Calibration system mainly demarcates 2km visibility below,
Then formula (8) can obtain：
The relationship of calibration situation atmospheric transmittance and operating distance for 2km visibility is as shown in Figure 4.
It is as shown in Figure 5 for every meter of attenuation degree of the corresponding transmitance of the visibility of 200~2000m.
It can be seen that the calibration that make entire calibration system disclosure satisfy that 2km visibility below from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, that
The minimum resolution of instrument and the dynamic range of photodetector meet in the case of 2km.For 2km visibility, 50
Every meter of attenuation degree minimum 0.1743% in meter Chang Du air, numerical value is as shown in table 1：
Table 1 does not have to every meter of transmitance decaying in effect distance length：
| Distance | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Decaying | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.001 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.001 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 |
| Distance | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| Decaying | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.001 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 |
| Distance | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| Decaying | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 |
| Distance | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 |
| Decaying | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 |
| Distance | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 |
| Decaying | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.001 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 | 0.0014 |
Laser transmittance value in 2 different distance of table：
It is demarcated as light source using 532nm continuous lasers, areal survey goes out the atmospheric laser transmitance between every meter
Pad value calibrates visibility size this moment according to above formula.
Laser launches the laser facula size 2mm of 532nm, full angle of divergence 1.2mrad, and chopper is positioned over laser hair
End is penetrated, continuous laser is modulated to pulsed light, the reference signal of chopper is input to the reference channel of lock-in amplifier.Laser is sent out
Irradiating light beam expands into 40mm by 20 times, the compression angle of divergence to 0.06mrad, and propagating the hot spot after 50m becomes 43mm, receives
Optical lens device is received using the convex lens of a 100mm bore, it is sufficient to be eliminated trolley and be slided because of displacement error on sliding rail
The optical path-deflecting brought influences.
Laser beam after expanding, which passes through, waits for work air, is received by reception optical lens device, receives laser and converges in light
The surface of electric explorer.The analog signal of photodetector output is linked into the signal input part of lock-in amplifier.Embedded work
Control machine connects lock-in amplifier, acquires the digital signal in lock-in amplifier, and operation house computers phase is gone by wireless network
Connection.Operation house computers are composed of host computer procedure, can read the powerful size of laser of each point one by one, pass through a point
Between subtract each other, multi-point average can obtain atmospheric transmittance value this moment, and the size of atmospheric visibility can be obtained according to formula.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of visibility calibration system, which is characterized in that including：Sliding guide rail device, platform trolley, laser beam emitting device,
Photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment, the platform trolley are slidably installed in the sliding guide rail device
On, it is provided with photoelectric receiving arrangement and control and data processing equipment on the platform trolley, the one of the sliding guide rail device
End is fixedly installed laser beam emitting device, and the platform trolley and photoelectric receiving arrangement are separately connected the control and data processing
Device.
2. visibility calibration system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sliding guide rail device includes：At least one
Guide rail is arranged at intervals with sensing chip on the guide rail；
The platform trolley includes：Mounting base, trolley outer cover, idler wheel, gear, servo motor, retarder, PLC, close sensing
Device, accumulator and inverter, the trolley outer cover is arranged on the mounting base, between the mounting base and trolley outer cover
It is provided with servo motor, retarder, PLC, accumulator and inverter, the bottom of the mounting base is provided with idler wheel and close biography
Sensor, the PLC connections servo motor, the servo motor transmission connect the retarder, and the retarder transmission connects
The gear is connect, the gear drive connects the idler wheel, and the idler wheel is slidably installed on the guide rail, the inversion
Device is separately connected the accumulator and the servo motor；
The laser beam emitting device includes：Laser, chopper and transmitting light path lens devices, the chopper are arranged described
The outlet of laser, the transmitting light path lens devices are arranged in front of the chopper and positioned at the light path of the laser
On；
The photoelectric receiving arrangement includes：Receive optical lens device, photodetector and lock-in amplifier, the reception optics
Lens devices are arranged in the light path of transmitting light path lens devices and positioned at the fronts of photodetector, and the photodetector is set
It sets in the front of the lock-in amplifier and the photodetector connection lock-in amplifier, the lock-in amplifier connection
The chopper；
The control and data processing equipment include industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer connects the lock-in amplifier, PLC and electric power storage
Pond.
3. visibility calibration system as claimed in claim 2, including adjustment frame, laser is arranged on the adjustment frame, described
Adjustment frame is installed in one end of the guide rail.
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| CN201510186172.7A CN104777527B (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | A kind of visibility caliberating device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510186172.7A CN104777527B (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | A kind of visibility caliberating device |
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| CN104777527A CN104777527A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| CN104777527B true CN104777527B (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104730039B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2020-09-11 | 中国民航大学 | Indoor visibility meter calibration system |
| CN110333518A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-15 | 大舜激光(黄山)科技有限公司 | Method, system and the laser radar of correlation measurement extinction coefficient |
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| CN2630844Y (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-08-04 | 北京泰伦环境工程研究中心 | Expressway visibility monitor |
| CN101661155A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2010-03-03 | 程绍荣 | Calibration system of atmosphere visibility meter and calibration method thereof |
| CN103424749A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-04 | 杨少辰 | Full-optical-fiber laser radar visibility meter |
| US8804132B1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2014-08-12 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Shearography from a moving platform |
| CN104198443A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 四川鼎林信息技术有限公司 | Visibility calibration instrument, calibration system and product machine calibration method based on calibration system |
| CN204536577U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 深圳大舜激光技术有限公司 | A kind of visibility caliberating device |
-
2015
- 2015-04-20 CN CN201510186172.7A patent/CN104777527B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2630844Y (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-08-04 | 北京泰伦环境工程研究中心 | Expressway visibility monitor |
| CN101661155A (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2010-03-03 | 程绍荣 | Calibration system of atmosphere visibility meter and calibration method thereof |
| US8804132B1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2014-08-12 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Shearography from a moving platform |
| CN103424749A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-04 | 杨少辰 | Full-optical-fiber laser radar visibility meter |
| CN104198443A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 四川鼎林信息技术有限公司 | Visibility calibration instrument, calibration system and product machine calibration method based on calibration system |
| CN204536577U (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 深圳大舜激光技术有限公司 | A kind of visibility caliberating device |
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