CN104777212A - Method using SECM to detect ion transfer behaviors in proton-response ion channel - Google Patents
Method using SECM to detect ion transfer behaviors in proton-response ion channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104777212A CN104777212A CN201510123434.5A CN201510123434A CN104777212A CN 104777212 A CN104777212 A CN 104777212A CN 201510123434 A CN201510123434 A CN 201510123434A CN 104777212 A CN104777212 A CN 104777212A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method using SECM to detect the ion transfer behaviors in a proton-response ion channel. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an alumina template; assembling organic molecules; fixing an AAO template on a plastic pipe; constructing an ion channel; assembling a tri-electrode system, carrying out cyclic voltammetry curve scanning and feedback curve scanning by SECM; detecting the transfer behaviors of ions under different pH values, because the difference of the surface charge character of the assembled AAO template modulates the transfer of ions in a space limited environment. In the provided method, the difference of amino charge character is used to modulate the transfer of ions in a space limited environment under different pH values. The method constructs a H+ response ion channel, thus the kinetic process of ion transfer can be better researched, the ion transfer mechanism can be better recognized, the potassium ion membrane transfer mechanism in the origin of life can be better studied, and thus the method has an important meaning in the research of life secrets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the displacement behavior in a kind of use SECM to detect ion channel that ion responds at proton, belong to Electroanalytical Chemistry field.
Background technology
Scan-type electrochemical microscope (Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, SECM) a kind of new galvanochemistry onthe technology of site test grown up in conjunction with scanning tunnel microscope (Scanning Tunnel Microscope, STM) and ultramicroelectrode by famous Electroanalytical Chemistry man Bard etc.SECM has high spatial resolution and chemosensitivity, not only can study the homogeneous reaction dynamics in solution layer between probe and substrate, probe, suprabasil Electrochemical kinetics can also be probed into, differentiate the electrochemical nonuniformity of electrode surface microcell, micro Process is carried out to material.SECM studies the advantage of liquid/liquid interface process:
1, the iR that can overcome between liquid/liquid interface falls
2, electro transfer (ET) and ion-transfer (IT) can be distinguished
3, charging current is less
4, electrochemical window is comparatively wider than journey
In order to maintain normal physiological function, cell constantly need carry out material, energy exchange with the external world, signal transmission etc., and ion channel on these processes and cell membrane is closely bound up.Such as, pH, temperature, moisture, chemical environment etc. constantly occur to change environmental factor residing for cell.The change that ion channel on cell membrane stimulates by regulating the speed of the switch control rule material of passage turnover cell to deal with these outfields, this has great importance to realizing the various function of cell.In recent years, by the inspiration of biological ion passage, various artificial bionic nano passage is developed the bioprocess for Simulation of Complex.Compared to biological ion passage, these artificial nanochannels have better stability, are more applicable for practical application.
Response type nano fluid device modifies response type molecule at channel surfaces, stimulates (as: pH, temperature, light etc.) to change its electric charge or hole dimension to regulate and control ion transmission by various outfield.
At present, porous anodic alumina films receives increasing concern.Its nano pore by sexangle close packed array, uniform pore diameter, pattern and size controlled, minimum-value aperture is 4nm, and large aperture can reach hundreds of nanometer, and nano-pore density every square centimeter can reach 1011, and arrangement is in array.Porous anodic alumina films duct and costal fold are directly, separate between duct, interlaced situation can not occur because of the inclination of nano pore.Thus, can further by modification and the various function nano passage of assembling preparation.It is as a kind of excellent bioaffinity nano material, and the hydroxyl of its channel surface can form more stable covalent bond with multiple functional group, and this enhances modifiability and the widespread use of aluminium oxide nano passage greatly.This nanochannel prepares functionalized single layer self-assembled film by chemical modification, has great importance and wide application prospect in the bio-chemistry separation analyzing novel methods researchs such as single molecule analysis, DNA detection, novel nano biology sensor.
Chemically organic molecule can be modified: APTMS or amino acid (lysine at aluminium oxide nano channel surface, histidine), utilize in different pH value, the difference of its surface charge character has regulated and controled the transfer of ion in confinement environment, has successfully constructed H
+the ion channel of response.In prior art, the report of the method for the displacement behavior in the ion channel of proton response can be detected there are no climax.
At present, the technology of existing research ion-transfer can only the dynamic behavior of ion-transfer on the modeling interface of research level, can not study the ion-transfer process on actual cell membrane, can not study the pattern of ion-transfer on interface.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes existing defect, provide the method for the displacement behavior in a kind of use SECM to detect ion channel that ion responds at proton, displacement behavior in the ion channel utilizing SECM detect delay ion to respond at proton, to realize the object being reached regulation and control ion-transfer by regulation and control pH value.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A method for displacement behavior in use SECM to detect ion channel that ion responds at proton, is characterized in that, comprise following each step:
1) preparation of alumina formwork: utilize two step anodizings to prepare anodic oxidation aluminium formwork;
2) assembling of organic molecule: comprise the assembling of APTMS or amino acid whose assembling;
Described APTMS(3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane) assembling: by the anodic oxidation aluminium formwork after process, to be dipped into 10ml APTMS concentration be hold over night in the acetone soln of 10%, makes AAO(anodic oxidation aluminium formwork) hydroxyl in nanochannel is by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2, first with acetone cleaning, then with redistilled water cleaning, stand-by;
The amino acid whose method of described assembling: to be dipped into 10ml APTMS concentration be hold over night in the acetone soln of 10% by the anodic oxidation aluminium formwork after process, makes AAO(anodic oxidation aluminium formwork) hydroxyl in nanochannel is by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2, first with acetone cleaning, then with redistilled water cleaning, then in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution left undisturbed overnight, redistilled water cleans, dry; Prepare circulating device: by pH be 7.0 the amino acid whose PB damping fluid of 50mM be circulated through AAO template, be the PB buffer solution for cleaning template of 7.0 with pH, stand-by;
3) by fixing on the plastic tube for the AAO template through organic molecular assembly;
4) in electrolytic cell, first add aqueous phase, then the plastic tube being fixed with AAO is placed in electrolytic cell, then add organic phase in plastic tube, make AAO just in time be in two immiscible water oil interfaces, construct ion channel;
5) assemble three-electrode system, carry out the scanning of cyclic voltammetry curve and feedback profile with SECM;
6) under different pH condition, the difference that AAO assembles surface charge character has regulated and controled the transfer of ion in confinement environment, can detect the displacement behavior of ion.
In order to obtain better anodic oxidation aluminium formwork, when preparing AAO in described step 1), anodic oxidation voltage is preferably 40V, and second time oxidization time is preferably 3h.
Further, described step 2) in assembling amino acid comprise histidine or lysine.
The present invention is in the amino acid whose step of assembling, and the effect of circulating device is that amino acid is modified at the surface of AAO uniformly by flow circuit liquid.
Further, the mouth of pipe radius r=2cm of the plastic tube used in described step 3).
In experimentation, the mouth of pipe radius of plastic tube can set in experimental requirement, as long as match with experiment electrolytic cell.
Further, the electrolytic cell used in described step 4) is tee tube, and the plastic tube being fixed with AAO is placed in the appropriate department of tee tube.
Further, the prior silanization of described tee tube 12 hours.
Further, the contrast electrode that in described step 5), three-electrode system uses is the filamentary silver being covered with AgTPBCl.
Further, in described step 5) three-electrode system use be Pt silk to electrode.
Further, the electrode that the working electrode that in described step 5), three-electrode system uses supports for microtubule, being preferably kapillary microtubule electrode is working electrode.
The reference motor of this experiment is preferably covered with the filamentary silver of AgTPBCl, if can cause the spike potential generation deviation of CV with other electrode replacements.
Three-electrode system of the present invention operationally, contrast electrode and all aqueous phase is inserted to electrode.Oil phase and aqueous phase volume ratio are 1:1, are 0.3 mL.
When the present invention utilizes SECM to carry out the scanning of cyclic voltammetry curve and feedback profile, be the scanning completing cyclic voltammetry curve and feedback profile on electrochemical workstation CHI900, potential scan scope is 1.6V to 0.4V.
Further, in described step 6), the difference of AAO surface charge character is regulated and controled by the pH of aqueous phase.
All operations of the present invention is all in room temperature (20 ± 2)
ocarry out under C.
Organosilane is first assembled in porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) inorganic nano hole by the present invention, constructs a kind of novel inorganic organic bionical nanometer film, and further to the research that amino acid (histidine, lysine) is assembled.Utilize SECM means to have studied the displacement behavior of ion in bionic nano film simultaneously.Utilize under different pH condition, the transfer of difference regulation and control ion in confinement environment of amino charged character.This method has constructed a kind of H
+the method of the ion channel of response, the dynamic process of ion-transfer can better be studied, these researchs contribute to us and are familiar with interface ion transfer mechanism better, potassium ion film transfer mechanism in understanding life process, have great importance to announcement life is difficult to understand close.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for instructions, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, the pH impact on ion-transfer, is K
+at interfacial migration cyclic voltammogram, pH value of solution is 5.0,6.5,8.0 from top to bottom respectively;
Fig. 2 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, the pH impact on ion-transfer, is K
+the SECM feedback profile of transfer, pH value of solution is 5.0,6.5,8.0 from top to bottom respectively;
Fig. 3 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and ionic strength, on the impact of ion-transfer, is K
+at interfacial migration cyclic voltammogram, ionic strength change is that to sweep speed be 50 mV/s to 1 mM. from the concentration of 0.1 ~ 0.5 M, N15C5 respectively;
Fig. 4 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and ionic strength, on the impact of ion-transfer, is K
+the SECM feedback profile of transfer, ionic strength change is that to sweep speed be 50 mV/s to 1 mM. from the concentration of 0.1 ~ 0.5 M, N15C5 respectively;
Fig. 5 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and hole dimension, on the impact of ion-transfer, is K
+at interfacial migration cyclic voltammogram, alumina formwork soak time in the phosphoric acid solution of 5wt% is 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min respectively;
Fig. 6 is AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and hole dimension, on the impact of ion-transfer, is K
+the SECM feedback profile of transfer, alumina formwork soak time in the phosphoric acid solution of 5wt% is 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min respectively;
Fig. 7 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that alumina formwork soaks different time in the phosphoric acid solution of 5wt%, wherein a) soak 0 point, b) soak 10 minutes, c) soak 20 minutes, d) soak 40 minutes, soaking temperature is 19 DEG C, scale: 100 nm.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1: the method for the displacement behavior in use SECM to detect ion channel that ion responds at proton
The water used in experimentation is redistilled water (abbreviation intermediate water), test reagent used be analyze pure.Experiment is all in room temperature (20 ± 2)
0carry out under C.
One, the instrument that uses of the present embodiment and reagent
The preparation of a, micron tube electrode
With glass capillary (o.d.=2.0 mm, i.d.=1.16 mm,
l=10 cm) be raw material, use microelectrode to draw instrument and draw.The suitable parameter controlling drawing instrument, the pull-out mouth of pipe is comparatively flat and needle type radius is the glass tube of a few to tens of microns.The radius of needle point and the thickness optical microscope of tube wall are estimated, use microsyringe to inject aqueous phase solution from glass tube afterbody.
The preparation of the electrode that b, microtubule support
Silicon boron glass kapillary draws instrument drawing by microelectrode and forms, and injects sodium chloride or potassium chloride liquid with microsyringe from tail end, before the experiments, with the needle point of electron microscope observation probe, checks whether the inside has bubble.
C, scan-type electrochemical microscope
This test uses three-electrode system, and surface coverage the silver wire electrode of AgTPBCl as contrast electrode, and Pt silk is as to electrode, and the electrode that microtubule supports is working electrode.Contrast electrode and electrode is all inserted in aqueous phase.Oil phase and aqueous phase volume ratio are 1:1, are 0.3 mL.With aquarium as electrolytic cell, use front first silanization 12 h.Electrochemical workstation CHI900 completes various experiment.Experiment is all in room temperature (20 ± 2)
0carry out under C.
Two, the concrete detecting step of the present embodiment:
1) preparation of the porous alumina formwork of different pore size
The template prepared by two step anodizings be soaked at 19 DEG C in 5% phosphoric acid, soak time controls at 10 more than min, 40 below min.The soak time of this experimental selection is respectively 10 min, 20min, 30min, 40min.Along with the increase of soak time, aperture also increases gradually.
2) method of ion channel assembling organic molecule
The method of modifying of 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxy silane (APTMS): get the AAO prepared when oxidizing potential is 40V, soak 30min with acetone, acetone cleaning 5min, then clean 5min with intermediate water, dry in baking oven.The AAO handled well is dipped into the APTMS(acetone preparation of 10ml 10%) in hold over night, make hydroxyl in AAO nanochannel by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2afterwards, with a large amount of acetone cleaning AAO film, remove unreacted APTMS, then clean with intermediate water, (120 degree) dry 30min in an oven, and obtaining surface functional group is amino array nanochannel.
The method of ion channel assembling amino acid (lysine or histidine): get the AAO prepared when oxidizing potential is 40V, soak 30min with acetone, acetone cleaning 5min, then clean 5min with intermediate water, dry in baking oven.The AAO handled well is dipped into the APTMS(acetone preparation of 10ml 10%) in hold over night, make hydroxyl in AAO nanochannel by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2afterwards, with a large amount of acetone cleaning AAO film, unreacted APTMS is removed, again with intermediate water cleaning, (120 degree) dry 30min in an oven, and obtaining surface functional group is amino array nanochannel, left undisturbed overnight in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution further, a large amount of redistilled water cleaning, dry.Self-control circulating device: by pH be 7.0 the amino acid whose PB damping fluid of 50mM be circulated through AAO film, pH is the PB buffer solution for cleaning template of 7.0, stand-by.
3) the AAO template prepared is fixed on the plastic tube of r=2cm.
4) in electrolytic cell, first add aqueous phase, then the plastic tube being fixed with AAO is placed in electrolytic cell, then add organic phase in plastic tube, make AAO just in time be in two immiscible water oil interfaces, construct ion channel;
5) assemble three-electrode system, SECM detects the use three electrode decorum, the filamentary silver of AgTPBCl as contrast electrode using surface coverage, and Pt silk is as to electrode, and kapillary microtubule electrode is working electrode, contrast electrode and all insert aqueous phase to electrode;
6) under different pH condition, the difference that AAO assembles surface charge character has regulated and controled the transfer of ion in confinement environment.
Three, optimal conditions:
Optimal conditions 1: APTMS is as ion channel in assembling, and in organic phase, the concentration of N15C6 is 1mM, and configuring pH is respectively 5.0,6.5, the aqueous solution of 8.0, the concentration of potassium ion is 0.3M, and sweeping speed, to sweep speed be that 50 mV/s. measure cyclic voltammogram and feedback profile (see Fig. 1 and 2) respectively.
Optimal conditions 2: APTMS is as ion channel in assembling, in organic phase, the concentration of N15C6 is 1mM, configuring potassium concentration is respectively 0.1M, 0.2M, 0.3M, 0.4M, 0.5M, pH be the aqueous solution of 7.2 as aqueous phase, sweeping speed, to sweep speed be that 50 mV/s. measure cyclic voltammogram and feedback profile (see Fig. 3 and 4) respectively.
Optimal conditions 3: APTMS is as ion channel in assembling, in organic phase, the concentration of N15C6 is 1mM, alumina formwork soak time in the phosphoric acid solution of 5wt% is 10min respectively, 20min, 30min, 40min, configuration potassium concentration is 0.3M, pH be the aqueous solution of 7.2 as aqueous phase, sweeping speed, to sweep speed be that 50 mV/s. measure cyclic voltammogram and feedback profile (see Fig. 5 and 6) respectively.
Four, interpretation of result
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are that AAO surface-assembled APTMS, pH are on the cyclic voltammetry curve figure of the impact of ion-transfer and feedback profile figure.As can be seen from the figure, the surface charge properties in duct is determined by pH value of solution to a great extent.PH is less, and the protonated amino degree of channel surfaces is larger, and namely the positive charge density on surface is larger; So the repulsive interaction of ion and channel surfaces is larger.On the contrary, when pH is larger, the protonated amino degree of channel surfaces is less, and namely the positive charge density on surface is less, and the repulsive interaction of ion and channel surfaces is less.The result that cyclic voltammetric and progressive curve obtain is consistent.Therefore, we can reach the object regulating ion-transfer by the pH changing solution.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and ionic strength is on the cyclic voltammetry curve figure of the impact of ion-transfer and feedback profile figure.Ion overall rate of diffusion in the channel changes with the change of limited diffusion zone.As can be seen from the figure, when ionic strength is increased to 0.5 M from 0.1 M, ion-transfer peak current increases and transfer electromotive force moves slightly towards negative direction.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are AAO surface-assembled APTMS, and hole dimension is on the cyclic voltammetry curve figure of the impact of ion-transfer and feedback profile figure.When hole is less, limited diffusion zone accounts for the large percentage of the cross-sectional area in hole, and it is larger on the impact of ion-transfer; On the contrary, when hole is larger, it is less on the impact of ion-transfer.In experimentation, represent the mean radius in hole with different pore-enlargements.As can be seen from the figure, when nanochannel aperture increases gradually, the peak current of ion-transfer increases gradually.Experimental result and theory consistent.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for the displacement behavior in use SECM to detect ion channel that ion responds at proton, is characterized in that, comprise following each step:
1) preparation of alumina formwork: utilize two step anodizings to prepare anodic oxidation aluminium formwork;
2) assembling of organic molecule: comprise the assembling of APTMS or amino acid whose assembling;
The assembling of described APTMS: the anodic oxidation aluminium formwork of preparation is dipped into hold over night in the acetone soln of 10ml 10%APTMS, makes hydroxyl in AAO nanochannel by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2, first with acetone cleaning, then with redistilled water cleaning, stand-by;
The amino acid whose method of described assembling: the anodic oxidation aluminium formwork of preparation is dipped into hold over night in the acetone soln of 10ml 10%APTMS, makes hydroxyl in AAO nanochannel by-NH on Silanization reaction bonding
2, first with acetone cleaning, then with redistilled water cleaning, then in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution left undisturbed overnight, redistilled water cleans, dry; Standby circulating device: by pH be 7.0 the amino acid whose PB damping fluid of 50mM be circulated through AAO template, be the PB buffer solution for cleaning template of 7.0 with pH, stand-by;
3) by fixing on the plastic tube for the AAO template through organic molecular assembly;
4) in electrolytic cell, first add aqueous phase, then the plastic tube being fixed with AAO is placed in electrolytic cell, then add organic phase in plastic tube, make AAO just in time be in two immiscible water oil interfaces, construct ion channel;
5) assemble three-electrode system, carry out the scanning of cyclic voltammetry curve and feedback profile with SECM;
6) under different pH condition, the difference that AAO assembles surface charge character has regulated and controled the transfer of ion in confinement environment, can detect the displacement behavior of ion.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when preparing AAO in described step 1), anodic oxidation voltage is 40V, and second time oxidization time is 3h.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described step 2) in assembling amino acid comprise histidine and/or lysine.
4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the mouth of pipe radius r=2cm of the plastic tube used in described step 3).
5. method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the electrolytic cell used in described step 4) is tee tube, and the plastic tube being fixed with AAO is placed in the appropriate department of tee tube.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the prior silanization of described tee tube 12 hours.
7. method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, the contrast electrode that in described step 5), three-electrode system uses is the filamentary silver being covered with AgTPBCl.
8. method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, what in described step 5), three-electrode system used is Pt silk to electrode.
9. method according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, the electrode that the working electrode that in described step 5), three-electrode system uses supports for microtubule.
10. method according to any one of claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, in described step 6), the difference of AAO surface charge character is regulated and controled by the pH of aqueous phase.
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| CN107195521A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-09-22 | 西北师范大学 | Silica nanometer chamber array electrode as ion channel application |
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| CN103267875A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-28 | 西北师范大学 | Method for building ion channel on liquid/liquid interfaces and method for detecting effect of size of ion channel on ion transferring |
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| CN103267875A (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2013-08-28 | 西北师范大学 | Method for building ion channel on liquid/liquid interfaces and method for detecting effect of size of ion channel on ion transferring |
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