CN104774649A - Method for recycling waste polyurethane in virtue of catalytic gasification technology - Google Patents
Method for recycling waste polyurethane in virtue of catalytic gasification technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774649A CN104774649A CN201510144920.5A CN201510144920A CN104774649A CN 104774649 A CN104774649 A CN 104774649A CN 201510144920 A CN201510144920 A CN 201510144920A CN 104774649 A CN104774649 A CN 104774649A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane
- waste
- waste polyurethane
- gasification
- vaporized chemical
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000707 mutagenic chemical Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008049 biological aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/06—Continuous processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
- C10J2300/0986—Catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to amethod for recycling waste polyurethane in virtue of catalytic gasification technology, which belongs to the technical field of recycling of solid waste. According to the invention, waste polyurethane is used as a raw material; alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or transition metal and oxide and salt thereof are used as catalysts in a fixed bed reaction device; and a gasification reaction of the waste polyurethane is promoted at a temperature of 800 to 1200 DEG C with air or vapor as a gasifying agent so as to eventually prepare gaseous fuels with high calorific values and a liquid fuel. The method provided by the invention realizes reduction and harmless and resourceful treatment of waste polyurethane; if an enterprise establishes a production line according to the method, transport cost for waste polyurethane with a great volume can be saved, the obtained energy can be used by the enterprise, so on-the-spot disposal of waste and acquirement of energy are realized. With the method, a novel approach is opened up for recycling of polyurethane waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalytic gasification technology that utilizes and the method for resource utilization is carried out to waste polyurethane, belong to solid waste resource and utilize technical field.
Background technology
Urethane (PU) is polyurethane(s) by name entirely, is the general name with the polymkeric substance of-NHCOO-repeating unit on a class main chain.Because having the performance such as excellent elasticity, wear resistance, expandable, lower temperature resistance, solvent resistance, resistance to biological aging, this macromolecular material is widely used in the industrial circles such as electromechanics, boats and ships, aviation, vehicle, electrical equipment; In daily life field, urethane is widely used for manufacturing various foam and plastic sponge, to reach the function of insulation and damping.In the coming years, China needs the quantity of the electrical equipment scrapped and recycle significantly to rise, and waste polyurethane foam is the class solid refuse dismantling acquisition in electrical appliance waste.
Landfill method and burning method to the traditional treatment method of waste polyurethane, not only consumption of natural resource but also contaminate environment.Current recovery and utilization technology is mainly divided into physiochemical mutagens method and chemical recycling.Physiochemical mutagens method utilizes the method such as bonding, hot pressing, extrusion moulding that Methods for Polyurethane Wastes is recycled, and also comprises and polyurethane waste material is ground into shred or powder as filler by the method for pulverizing.The method is simple, but the foam that recovery obtains is only applicable to low grade products.Chemical recycling refers to that Methods for Polyurethane Wastes is under the effect of chemical reagent, catalyzer or heat energy, is degraded into small molecular organic compounds, thus realizes the recycle of raw material.Chemical recycling technical matters relative complex, development is also relatively late, but tempo is very fast.
Catalytic gasification refer to solid organic matters high temperature and add catalyzer condition under, react with the vaporized chemical such as the oxygen in air or oxygen carrier, incomplete oxidation, the process of generation inflammable gas.The present invention can reach waste polyurethane minimizing, innoxious, recycling treatment, enterprise can save the transportation cost of the larger waste polyurethane of volume by setting up this production line, and the energy obtained can be used for enterprise self to utilize, and accomplishes waste treatment in situ and obtains the energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of catalytic gasification technology that utilizes and the method for resource utilization is carried out to waste polyurethane, for Methods for Polyurethane Wastes resource utilization opens a new way.
The present invention is that a kind of catalytic gasification technology that utilizes carries out the method for resource utilization to waste polyurethane, it is characterized in that having following technological process and step:
A. by Methods for Polyurethane Wastes through pulverizing, removal of impurities, screening process, obtain the solid particulate that particle diameter is 2.0 ~ 10.0mm, with basic metal, alkaline-earth metal or transiting state metal are catalyzer; Described catalyzer is mainly: sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, iron(ic) chloride, any one in iron; Both mix, and wherein the quality proportioning of catalyzer and polyurethane particles is 1:5 ~ 1:15; Both mixtures above-mentioned are inserted fixed-bed reactor, the resistance to air loss of valve-off assurance device; When air is vaporized chemical, pass into vaporized chemical to keep 10 ~ 30 minutes, when water vapour is vaporized chemical, pass into argon gas 10-30 minute, by gas emptying in fixed-bed reactor, then start heating (if vaporized chemical is water vapor, then starting heating after being transformed to water vapour atmosphere), temperature of reaction is 800 ~ 1200 DEG C, and flow rate of carrier gas is 100 ~ 400L/h; Treat that temperature reaches preset temp, sustained reaction 40 ~ 100 minutes;
B. collect tar from reactor gasification product out through condensing works in reaction process, solidifying gas gas collector carries out sample collection; After having reacted, first powered-down, after keeping vaporized chemical to continue to pass into certain hour, closes vaporized chemical, waits for device naturally cooling, collect solid residue;
C. the analysis gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) of gas and gas chromatographicanalyzer are analyzed; Gas chromatogram, according to standard specimen, utilizes peak area method to calculate H in gaseous product
2, CO, C
nh
mvolume fraction shared by several inflammable gas, repeats survey three times, averages, and inflammable gas total amount is these gas volume fraction sums.
The catalyzer used in gasification in the present invention, except above-mentioned each chemical substance, can also be Ni, Mg, MgO, MgCO
3in any one.
The advantage of the inventive method is: waste polyurethane obtains the higher inflammable gas of volume fraction in the reaction process of catalytic gasification, and can obtain geseous fuel through being separated, liquid tar can use as liquid fuel.So both solve the pollution problem of solid refuse, protect environment, achieve changing waste into resources again.The inventive method is that the recycling of Methods for Polyurethane Wastes and resource reutilization open a new way.
Embodiment
After now embodiments of the invention being specifically described in.
embodiment 1
Technological process in the present embodiment and step as follows:
(1) get waste polyurethane solid particulate that particle diameter is 3.0-5.0mm and catalyzer sodium hydroxide mixes with mass ratio 14:1, add fixed-bed reactor, pass into vaporized chemical---air, air velocity is 180L/h, and temperature of reaction is 1000 DEG C.Treat that temperature reaches preset temp, sustained reaction 60 minutes, reaction collects gas simultaneously.After having reacted, first powered-down, closes air after spending 10 minutes, waits for device naturally cooling, collects tar and solid residue.Analyze respectively product, calculate gas yield with this understanding and reach 68.5%, wherein inflammable gas volume fraction can reach 51.8%.Tar yield can reach 25.2%.
embodiment 2
Step in the present embodiment is substantially identical with above-described embodiment 1.Processing condition difference is: take sodium carbonate as catalyzer, and the mass ratio of raw material and catalyzer is 10:1, and flow rate of carrier gas is 240L/h, temperature of reaction is 900 DEG C, final gas yield is 62.1%, and inflammable gas volume fraction reaches 49.1 %, and tar yield is 27.6%.
embodiment 3
Technological process in the present embodiment is substantially identical with above-described embodiment 1 with step.Difference is: take calcium oxide as catalyzer, and raw material and catalyst quality are than being 8:1, and flow rate of carrier gas is 360L/h, and vaporization time is 40 minutes.Final gas yield is 58.4%, and inflammable gas volume fraction reaches 40.6%, and tar yield is 30.5%.
embodiment 4
technological process in the present embodiment is substantially identical with above-described embodiment 1 with step.Difference is: take calcium hydroxide as catalyzer, and waste polyurethane particle diameter is 5-10mm.Final gas yield is 59.7%, and inflammable gas volume fraction reaches 43.6%, and tar yield is 30.5%.
embodiment 5
Technological process in the present embodiment is substantially identical with above-described embodiment 1 with step.Difference is: take iron as catalyzer, and vaporized chemical adopts water vapour, and vaporized chemical flow velocity is 120L/h, and vaporization time is 90 minutes.Final gas yield is 69.7%, and inflammable gas volume fraction reaches 48.6%, and tar yield is 22.5%.
embodiment 6
Technological process in the present embodiment is substantially identical with above-described embodiment 1 with step.Difference is: with FeCl
3for catalyzer, catalyzer and urethane mass ratio are 1:10, and water vapour is vaporized chemical.Final gas yield is 59.2%, and inflammable gas volume fraction reaches 35.6%, and tar yield is 25.7%.
Claims (3)
1. utilize catalytic gasification technology to carry out a method for resource utilization to waste polyurethane, it is characterized in that there is following technological process and step:
A. by Methods for Polyurethane Wastes through pulverizing, removal of impurities, screening process, obtain the solid particulate that particle diameter is 2.0-10.0mm, and catalyst mix is even, wherein the quality proportioning of catalyzer and polyurethane particles is 1:5 ~ 1:15; Described catalyzer is mainly: sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, iron(ic) chloride, any one in iron; Both mixtures above-mentioned are inserted fixed-bed reactor, the resistance to air loss of valve-off assurance device; When air is vaporized chemical, pass into vaporized chemical to keep 10 ~ 30 minutes, when water vapour is vaporized chemical, pass into argon gas 10-30 minute, by air emptying in fixed-bed reactor, then start heating (if vaporized chemical is water vapor, then starting heating after being transformed to water vapour atmosphere), setting gasification temperature is 800 ~ 1200 DEG C, and vaporized chemical flow velocity is 100 ~ 400L/h; Treat that temperature reaches preset temp, continue gasification 40 ~ 100 minutes;
B. in reaction process, enter condensing works from reactor gasification product out, obtain liquid product and solidifying gas products, question response terminates, and apparatus cools receives collection all solids product;
C. gained gas is carried out instrumental analysis, quantitatively obtain combustible gas composition.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: waste polyurethane raw material used is discarded hard polyurethane foams.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: the catalyzer that gasification uses, and can also be: Ni, Mg, MgO, MnO
2, MgCO
3in any one.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201510144920.5A CN104774649A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Method for recycling waste polyurethane in virtue of catalytic gasification technology |
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CN201510144920.5A CN104774649A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Method for recycling waste polyurethane in virtue of catalytic gasification technology |
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CN104774649A true CN104774649A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
Family
ID=53616429
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110699130A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Coal water slurry prepared by using polyurethane synthetic leather and DMF (dimethyl formamide) rectifying still residues as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
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2015
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110699130A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Coal water slurry prepared by using polyurethane synthetic leather and DMF (dimethyl formamide) rectifying still residues as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
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