CN104774342A - Method for preparing porous polyurethane film through microphase separation - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous polyurethane film through microphase separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774342A CN104774342A CN201510095953.5A CN201510095953A CN104774342A CN 104774342 A CN104774342 A CN 104774342A CN 201510095953 A CN201510095953 A CN 201510095953A CN 104774342 A CN104774342 A CN 104774342A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous polyurethane film through microphase separation. The method uses an organic solvent--tetrahydrofuran and a polymer--polyurethane as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of the polyurethane in the organic solvent tetrahydrofuran is 2 to 8%. The method comprises the following steps: standing a prepared solution for a period of time so as to allow the polyurethane to be completely dissolved in the organic solvent tetrahydrofuran and the solution to become viscous and under the condition of certain humidity, allowing the surface of a substrate coated with the solution to be completely accommodated in an atomizing device composed of water vapor; and controlling curing time and temperature and then heating the substrate in a baking oven after the solvent and the water vapor are thoroughly volatilized and the solution is cured into a film so as to obtain the porous polyurethane film. The porous polyurethane film provided by the invention is simple to prepare, uses widely available raw materials and has a cheap price.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that polyurethane material prepares porous surface on base material, be specifically related to a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes for the method for polyurethane porous film.
Background technology
The mechanical property of urethane has very large adjustability, and by the ratio between the hard section of crystallization control and non crystallized soft section, urethane can obtain different mechanical properties.Therefore its goods have the excellent properties such as wear-resisting, heatproof, sealing, sound insulation, good processability, degradable.In addition, urethane resists multiple soda acid and organic solvent corrosion, is therefore often used in rubber item substitute in the presence of a harsh environment.Polyurethane material, purposes is very wide, can replace rubber, plastics, nylon etc., for airport, hotel, building materials, automobile factory, colliery factory, cement mill, condo, villa, landscaping, colored stone art, park etc.But current commercial urethane does not have adhesivity.
So-called adhesivity refers to certain material adhesion in the ability of another kind of material surface.Having the water droplet adhesive power size on adhesiveness surface, not only depend on molecular structure and the chemical composition of adhesion material, the surface property of adherend, also relevant with the external condition occurring to adhere to, as temperature, humidity, radiation, vibration, wind speed, etc.At nature, many animals and plants all have the characteristic of high adhesive power.Wherein most typical example is exactly the adhesive attraction of parthenocissus sucker and the pin of gecko.Therefore, the bionics Study of gecko facilitates the development of cross discipline, has promoted rapidly the design of the functional materials of robot technology, microtronics and field of space technology and the development of intelligent device.
Obviously, if give urethane with adhesivity, by the performance that acquisition common material does not have, particularly as the performance of parthenocissus sucker.But polyurethane cellular surface will be enable to obtain large-scale application in daily life, and technology of preparing is crucial.At present, the technology of preparing about having adhesive power polyurethane surface gets a larger development.But it is usually very complicated that these adhere to performance surface preparation technology based on urethane, the method such as preparing polyalcohol stephanoporate coating at present has a variety of, mainly phase inversion process, two-way stretch method, nuclear track radiation etching method etc. technology, have that equipment requirements is high, long in time limit, high in cost of production drawback, cause complex steps, big area the shortcoming such as cannot to prepare, seriously constrain the practical application that urethane adheres to performance surface.Therefore, developing a kind of simple and practical preparation method, is the key promoting adhesion material application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes for the method for polyurethane porous film, polyurethane porous film of the present invention utilizes microphase-separated method that organic solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) is formed the method for porous membrane under the environment of water vapour, which increases the adhesive power on porous membrane surface.
The present invention is achieved like this: a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes is for the method for polyurethane porous film, with organic solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF), polymer polyurethane (PU) for raw material, its formula is 2 %-8 % according to the mass percentage of urethane in organic solvent tetrahydrofuran, it is characterized in that method steps is as follows:
The first step, by 2 ~ 8 parts by weight of polyurethane solutes, the solvents tetrahydrofurane of 100 parts of weight is configured to viscous solution, leaves standstill 12 h ~ 24 h and makes it dissolve completely, then become the solution film of 200 ~ 500 μm of thickness in stainless steel substrates top casting;
Second step, does non-solvent with water vapour, acts on above-mentioned uncured solution surface, controls different temperature and times, makes it act on whole surface completely;
3rd step, after solvent and water vapour volatilize completely after solution cured film forming, puts into baking oven heating 1h ~ 2 h, remove water vapour, vacuumize 10 min ~ 30 min, namely obtain polyurethane cellular material, measure its surface static contact angle with low-surface energy substance process.
Under normal temperature of the present invention, the viscosity of urethane is 1500 ~ 3000 cp.
Surface treatment of the present invention is a kind of method by microphase-separated, because PU and THF in polyurethane solution forms a kind of diblock copolymer material, when under the effect at water vapour, time incompatible between monomer, they tend to be separated, but owing to having chemical bond to be connected between different monomers unit, and form the phase region of nanometer to micro-meter scale, this is a kind of simple and practical working method.
Liquid film surface of the present invention forms porous.
Film surface adhesive power of the present invention is fine.
Technique effect of the present invention is: compared with prior art not only technique is simple for the preparation method of polyurethane cellular material surface of the present invention, with low cost, do not need the equipment of complex and expensive, and adhesive power is larger, the research range that macromolecular material adhesive power is bionical can be expanded.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is polyurethane porous film preparation method in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electron scanning micrograph on polyurethane film surface in the present invention.
Embodiment
With embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail below.
Embodiment 1
Under room temperature, 1.81 g urethane are dissolved in 100 ml tetrahydrofuran (THF)s; This solution, after self-vulcanizing 12 h, obtains urethane precursor solution.Then precursor solution is poured over stainless steel substrates surface, and is launched into the shape of 2 cm × 5 cm with glass stick, putting into the temperature mixed up after natural levelling is that 90 DEG C of water vapour atomisation units solidify 10 min.Namely film after solidification is obtained polyurethane porous film at vacuum chamber inner drying to constant weight.Use optical contact angle tester to detect (Germany, KRUSS, DSA100), the static contact angle of 5 μ L deionized waters on this surface is 139.97 °.
Embodiment 2
Under room temperature, 3.69 g urethane are dissolved in 100 ml tetrahydrofuran (THF)s; This solution, after self-vulcanizing 18 h, obtains urethane precursor solution.Then precursor solution is poured over stainless steel substrates surface, and is launched into the shape of 2 cm × 5 cm with glass stick, putting into the temperature mixed up after natural levelling is that 100 DEG C of water vapour atomisation units solidify 30 min.Namely film after solidification is obtained polyurethane porous film at vacuum chamber inner drying to constant weight.Use optical contact angle tester to detect, the static contact angle of 5 μ L deionized waters on this surface is 121.94 °.
Embodiment 3
Under room temperature, 7.71 g urethane are dissolved in 100 ml tetrahydrofuran (THF)s; This solution, after self-vulcanizing 24 h, obtains urethane precursor solution.Then precursor solution is poured over stainless steel substrates surface, and is launched into the shape of 2 cm × 5 cm with glass stick, putting into the temperature mixed up after natural levelling is that 100 DEG C of water vapour atomisation units solidify 1 h.Namely film after solidification is obtained polyurethane porous film at vacuum chamber inner drying to constant weight.Use optical contact angle tester to detect, the static contact angle of 5 μ L deionized waters on this surface is 147.51 °.
Embodiment 4
Under room temperature, 1.81 g urethane are dissolved in 100 ml tetrahydrofuran (THF)s; This solution, after self-vulcanizing 12 h, obtains urethane precursor solution.Then precursor solution is poured over stainless steel substrates surface, and is launched into the shape of 2 cm × 5 cm with glass stick, after natural levelling, under water vapour, solidify 10 min.Namely film after solidification is obtained polyurethane porous film at vacuum chamber inner drying to constant weight.Then by polyurethane porous film, putting into volume ratio is that the ethanolic soln of the Dodecyl Mercaptan of 1:1000 soaks 2 h; Take out the film after soaking, use optical contact angle tester to detect, the static contact angle of 5 uL deionized waters on this surface is 153.44 °.
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes microphase-separated legal system for the method for polyurethane porous film, with organic solvent tetrahydrofuran, polymer polyurethane for raw material, its formula is 2 %-8 % according to the mass percentage of urethane in organic solvent tetrahydrofuran, it is characterized in that method steps is as follows:
The first step, by 2 ~ 8 parts by weight of polyurethane solutes, the solvents tetrahydrofurane of 100 parts of weight is configured to viscous solution, leaves standstill 12 h ~ 24 h and makes it dissolve completely, then become the solution film of 200 ~ 500 μm of thickness in stainless steel substrates top casting;
Second step, does non-solvent with water vapour, acts on above-mentioned uncured solution surface, controls different temperature and times, makes it act on whole surface completely;
3rd step, after solvent and water vapour volatilize completely after solution cured film forming, puts into baking oven heating 1h ~ 2 h, remove water vapour, vacuumize 10 min ~ 30 min, namely obtain polyurethane cellular material, measure its surface static contact angle with low-surface energy substance process.
2. a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes, for the method for polyurethane porous film, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 1: under normal temperature, the viscosity of urethane is 1500 ~ 3000 cp.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes for the method for polyurethane porous film, it is characterized in that: described low-surface energy substance process is a kind of method by microphase-separated, because PU and THF in polyurethane solution forms a kind of diblock copolymer material, when under the effect at water vapour, time incompatible between monomer, they tend to be separated, but owing to having chemical bond to be connected between different monomers unit, and form the phase region of nanometer to micro-meter scale.
4. a kind of microphase-separated legal system that utilizes, for the method for polyurethane porous film, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 1: liquid film surface forms porous.
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| CN201510095953.5A CN104774342A (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Method for preparing porous polyurethane film through microphase separation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105111490A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-strength, high-modulus, high-elastic polyurethane film preparation method |
| CN108481865A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳昌茂粘胶新材料有限公司 | A kind of water-proof ventilated respiration film and preparation method thereof |
| CN113480770A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Shape memory polyurethane open-cell foam material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
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| CN102304281A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-04 | 嘉兴学院 | Polyurethane porous membrane as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102343224A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-08 | 武汉纺织大学 | Method for forming porous polyurethane membrane |
| CN104321375A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2015-01-28 | 纳米西泰有限公司 | Ultra-thin polymer film, and porous ultra-thin polymer film |
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2015
- 2015-03-04 CN CN201510095953.5A patent/CN104774342A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102304281A (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-01-04 | 嘉兴学院 | Polyurethane porous membrane as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102343224A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-08 | 武汉纺织大学 | Method for forming porous polyurethane membrane |
| CN104321375A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2015-01-28 | 纳米西泰有限公司 | Ultra-thin polymer film, and porous ultra-thin polymer film |
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| 贾贤等: "《天然生物材料及其仿生工程材料》", 31 July 2007, 化学工业出版社 * |
| 齐民 等: "316L不锈钢表面聚氨酯多孔涂层的制备及其生物性能研究", 《第六届中国功能材料及其应用学术会议论文集》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105111490A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-12-02 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-strength, high-modulus, high-elastic polyurethane film preparation method |
| CN105111490B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-02-06 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength and high-modulus highly-elastic urethane film |
| CN108481865A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-04 | 深圳昌茂粘胶新材料有限公司 | A kind of water-proof ventilated respiration film and preparation method thereof |
| CN113480770A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Shape memory polyurethane open-cell foam material and preparation method thereof |
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