CN104772554B - The pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of stepping electric arc welding type - Google Patents
The pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of stepping electric arc welding type Download PDFInfo
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- CN104772554B CN104772554B CN201510144452.1A CN201510144452A CN104772554B CN 104772554 B CN104772554 B CN 104772554B CN 201510144452 A CN201510144452 A CN 201510144452A CN 104772554 B CN104772554 B CN 104772554B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
Abstract
The invention discloses the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of a kind of stepping electric arc welding type, the method uses voltage signal sensor to be transmitted to controller by data collecting card by the arc voltage signal of current time, the arc voltage change difference △ U that controller is maximum in calculating each peak value of pulse in real timek, and calculate △ U in real timek△ U with the before the 4th cyclek‑4Difference, i.e. amplitude △ of the uprushing U of voltage maximum difference in peak value of pulsek', once △ Uk' beyond predetermined threshold value, then it is assumed that obtaining complete penetration, this method for sensing is combined with stepping arc-welding process, can control the penetration of each solder joint in whole piece weld seam, and the real-time penetration completing whole piece weld seam controls.The present invention utilizes signal of telecommunication sensing data to be processed as the advantage that basic mathematical computing is applicable to control in real time, it is achieved engineering, the real-time penetration at manufacture scene control, it is ensured that on-the-spot penetration requires higher welding quality and the bottoming welding quality of important weld seam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to argon tungsten-arc welding Quality Control Technology field, specifically, relate to the pulse of stepping electric arc welding type
Argon tungsten-arc welding arc voltage sensing penetration control method.
Background technology
Pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), i.e. welding current periodically change between background current and peak point current, close with tungsten or tungsten
Gold is electrode, the non-melt pole electrical arc weldering being protection gas with argon.Background current be mainly responsible for the continuous burning of pilot arc with
And local melting workpiece metal；Peak point current is responsible for making weld seam reach certain fusion penetration and complete the shaping of weld seam.Pulsed GTA
Argon arc welding arc stiffness is good, easily realizes one side welding with back formation, and because heating is pulsating, there is the intermittent time of heating,
Heat input is little, and weld metal performance is good.The arc voltage of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is proportional to arc length, the detection of arc length
Just can be realized by the monitoring of arc voltage.
Stepping arc-welding process, as it is shown in figure 1, multiple solder joint will be resolved into be respectively welded by a weld seam, the most precisely control
Making the penetration of each solder joint, these solder joints overlap two-by-two, obtain continuously and the weld seam of penetration.Due to melting of each solder joint
Thoroughly control through strict, then the penetration of whole piece weld seam also can ensure that.Set step distance (to be overlapped by solder joint
Amount and welding parameter adjust, it is ensured that back of weld is coherent consistent) after, start welding, it is thus achieved that the complete penetration of solder joint (is i.e. carried on the back
Face is melted width and is reached requirement) after information, drive welding gun to move a step distance immediately and arrive next solder joint and continue welding, follow
Ring is reciprocal, until the welding of whole piece weld seam is complete.This method is applicable to the higher Welding Structure welding of penetration requirement or important weld seam
In bottoming welding.
The real-time sensing that it is critical only that weld penetration information that stepping arc-welding process realizes.At present, can be used for argon tungsten-arc welding penetration
The main method of sensing has: supersonic sensing, infrared ray sensing, molten bath imaging sensing, X-ray sensing and signal of telecommunication sensing.
For the sensing that the argon tungsten-arc welding penetration of engineering, manufacture scene controls, supersonic sensing needs necessary noise reduction means,
And need efficient data handling system real-time processing data；Infrared ray sensing is relatively costly, and size sensor is relatively big, need to be with
Welding gun is fastened together, therefore the impact of the normal frock of Butt welding gun is relatively big, and infrared imaging is easily by electric arc and the heat radiation of tungsten electrode
Impact；Molten bath imaging sensing is divided into 2D image sensing to sense with 3D rendering, and 2D image sensing cannot directly display molten bath and indulge
To fusion penetration information, the Molten Pool Shape information of 3D rendering sensing response is comprehensive, but data processing complex is time-consuming；X-ray senses
Easily the personal safety to operator damages.Signal of telecommunication sensing Hall element used, can be through wire arrangements in any position
Put, do not disturb the normal frock of welding gun and workpiece；Hall element cost is relatively low, will not be disturbed after hardware noise shields,
Signal stabilization is reliable；But signal of telecommunication sensing is at present still in the stage of observation initial data, and directly observe initial data without
Method knows penetration signal in real time.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, existing all kinds of argon tungsten-arc welding penetration control methods are limited to cost and scene
The factors such as construction environment, the most substantially stay in the laboratory applications stage and are not used to engineering, manufacture scene, and the present invention provides
The pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of a kind of stepping electric arc welding type, it is easy to on-the-spot realize, signal is steady
Fixed reliable, weld penetration information is disposable and calculates simple such that it is able to ensure the real-time that penetration controls.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by following technical scheme:
The pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of a kind of stepping electric arc welding type, comprises the steps:
(1), when the n-th solder joint is welded in pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), voltage signal sensor is by the arc voltage signal of current time
Transmitted to controller by data collecting card；Wherein, n is solder joint sequence number, and the initial value of n is 1,1≤n≤x；X is solder joint
Sum；
(2) controller utilizes arc voltage signal to calculate amplitude △ of the uprushing U of voltage maximum difference in peak value of pulse in real timek',
△Uk'=△ Uk-△Uk-4, wherein, △ UkFor voltage maximum difference in the peak value of kth pulse, △ Uk-4For kth-4
Voltage maximum difference in the peak value of individual pulse, k is pulse sequence number, and the initial value of k is 5, k >=5；
△Uk=Ukmax-Ukmin, UkmaxFor voltage max, U in the peak value of kth pulsekminPeak for kth pulse
Voltage minimum in value；
(3) controller compares △ Uk' and the size of △ U ', △ U ' is predetermined threshold value；
As △ Uk' < △ U ', then k=k+1 perform step (1)；
As △ Uk' >=△ U ', then it is assumed that the n-th solder joint obtains complete penetration, performs step (4)；
(4) controller control step device makes welding gun arrive the n-th solder joint, wherein n=n+1, simultaneously k=5, performs step
(1)；During until n is unsatisfactory for condition, flow process terminates.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
It is contemplated that break through the methods such as supersonic sensing, infrared ray sensing, molten bath imaging sensing, X-ray sensing in engineering
Limitation in actual application, breaks through current signal of telecommunication sensing and rests on the limitation of observation initial data, and the degree of depth is excavated the signal of telecommunication and passed
The data of sense, utilize the process of signal of telecommunication sensing data to be applicable to the advantage controlled in real time for basic mathematical computing, it is achieved engineering,
Manufacture on-the-spot real-time penetration to control, to ensure that on-the-spot penetration requires beating of higher welded quality and important weld seam
End welding quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of stepping arc-welding process；
Fig. 2 is fixed point pulse argon tungsten-arc welding penetration signal evolution process schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of built stepping Tig Welding pilot system in embodiment；
In figure: 1, argon tungsten-arc welding welding machine；2, welding gun；3, voltage signal sensor；4, data collecting card；5, control
Device processed；6, step device；7, workbench；8, video camera；9, workpiece；10, predetermined welding gun track；
Fig. 4 is that the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration of stepping electric arc welding type controls sequential chart；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of arc voltage provided by the present invention sensing penetration control method；
Fig. 6 is the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration Control experiment design sketch of stepping electric arc welding type in embodiment；
Wherein (a1) is the △ U to calculate in real time in a parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (a2)
It is the back of weld photo sectional drawing corresponding with the characteristic signal sensing moment in a parameter welding in table 1；
(b1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. two parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (b2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. two parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding；
(c1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. three parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (c2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. three parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding；
(d1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. four parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (d2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. four parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding；
(e1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. five parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (e2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. five parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding；
(f1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. six parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (f2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. six parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding；
(g1) it is the △ U to calculate in real time in No. seven parameter welding in table 1kWith pulse period number variation diagram, (g2) is
With the back of weld photo sectional drawing that the characteristic signal sensing moment in No. seven parameter welding in table 1 is corresponding.
Detailed description of the invention
For the summary of the invention of the present invention, feature and effect can be further appreciated that, hereby enumerate following example, and coordinate accompanying drawing detailed
Carefully it is described as follows:
Present embodiment discloses the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of a kind of stepping electric arc welding type, the party
Method is prone to on-the-spot realization, real-time, signal stabilization is reliable and disposable.
During Tig Welding, forming electric arc between tungsten electrode and workpiece, electric arc heated workpiece forms molten bath, molten bath
Weld seam is formed after solidification.In molten bath, liquid metal can produce fluctuation in welding process, particularly evident in pulse welding process,
This fluctuation is also along with the fluctuation of electric arc.During argon tungsten-arc welding, due to an extremely tungsten electrode of electric arc, it is in solid-state,
Therefore, in the case of keeping welding gun and workpiece relative distance constant, the change of arc length can characterize the fluctuation in molten bath.Molten
When Chi Weirong is to workpiece bottom (non-penetration), molten bath is by the constraint bottom workpiece, and degree of fluctuation is little, the fluctuation of arc length
Degree is the least.And when complete penetration, the effect of contraction bottom molten bath can reduce, fluctuate up and down and become big in molten bath, arc length
Fluctuation also becomes big.Considering fixed point welding, welding arc length fluctuations is fluctuated to penetration by arc length little during non-penetration signal
Time big arc length fluctuation time, it will produce one and uprush, as shown in Figure 2.The change of arc length can be from electric arc electricity
The change of pressure signal is sought to characterize.
In pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), the parameter whether penetration being played to most important effect is pulse peak current.Pulse
The size of peak point current and amplitude are pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) penetration and the key of fusion penetration size.Therefore, according to above-mentioned electric arc electricity
The principle of pressure signal reflection penetration situation, considers size and the situation of change of arc voltage during pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) peak value
Characterize the information in penetration moment.Using maximum difference present in electric arc crest voltage as the sign of arc length degree of fluctuation
Amount, the change detecting this maximum difference is obtained with the time point of complete penetration.
As it is shown on figure 3, build stepping Tig Welding pilot system, with sort run time as shown in Figure 4, this welds examination
Check system is by argon tungsten-arc welding welding machine 1 and auxiliary facility (welding gun 2, argon bottle), voltage signal sensor 3, data acquisition
Card 4, controller 5, step device 6, workbench 7 and video camera 8 are constituted.Voltage signal sensor 3 is connected to through wire
Welding gun 2, voltage signal sensor 3 is connected to data collecting card 4 by BNC connector through rosette, and data collecting card 4 is through data
Bus is connected with controller 5, and controller 5 is connected with step device 6 through controlling bus.Wherein voltage signal sensor 3 is
HV25-P type Hall voltage signal sensor (is powered by FDPS-50BD type Switching Power Supply)；Data collecting card 4 is for grinding China
PCI-1742 type data collecting card.Video camera 8 is attachment device, shoots back of weld, links with welding machine, is used for verifying reality
The penetration on border controls effect, and model is SONY HDR-CX7.
Test piece 9 is Q345B, size 150*300*20mm, opens 60 ° of grooves and stays 2mm root face, pulsed GTA argon
Arc-welding weldering docking；Test parameters sets as shown in table 1, and 7 groups of tests (often organizing about 10 solder joints) set the base value time permanent
Determine 50ms, the constant 400A of peak point current, the constant 240A of background current.
Table 1. parameter sets
Workpiece 9 to be welded is placed on workbench 7, and welding line overlaps with predetermined welding gun track 10 and is positioned at workbench to make it treat
In 7 sunk areas, tooling fixture is utilized to be fixed.Opening controller 5, voltage signal sensor 3, step device 6,
Argon tungsten-arc welding welding machine 1 and video camera 8.The control panel of argon tungsten-arc welding welding machine 1 selects every welding parameter, and
Strobe pulse argon tungsten-arc welding pattern, controls journey in real time to the penetration coordinating data collecting card 4 to build with LabVIEW software
Sequence inputs weld size to be welded and step distance.
As it is shown in figure 5, the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of the stepping electric arc welding type of the present embodiment,
It specifically comprises the following steps that
With n for solder joint sequence number, with k for pulse sequence number, k >=5,1≤n≤x, x are solder joint sum, and x is by treating that welding line is long
Degree and step distance determine, n=1, k=5 when running initial；
Pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) carries out arc voltage sensing while welding the n-th solder joint；Arc voltage signal is by voltage signal
Sensor 3 reaches data collecting card 4, and 2 binary data are reached controller 5 by data collecting card 4；
Controller 5 calculates △ U in real timek=Ukmax-Ukmin, △ UkFor voltage maximum difference, U in the peak value of kth pulsekmax
For voltage max, U in the peak value of kth pulsekminFor voltage minimum in the peak value of kth pulse；
Controller 5 calculates △ U simultaneouslyk'=△ Uk-△Uk-4, △ Uk' it is the amplitude of uprushing of voltage maximum difference in peak value of pulse,
△Uk-4For voltage maximum difference in the peak value of-4 pulses of kth, computational methods are with △ Uk；
Controller 5 compares △ Uk' and the size of △ U ', wherein △ U ' is predetermined threshold value, and △ U ' takes same workpiece to be determined for more than 9 time
Point pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) experimental data processing result △ Uk' minima, test the most in triplicate；As △ Uk ' < △ U ',
Then make k=k+1, repeat to calculate in real time process；As △ Uk ' >=△ U ', it is believed that this solder joint obtains complete penetration, then by controlling
Device 5 makes one step distance of welding gun 2 stepping arrive the n-th solder joint, wherein n=n+1 by step device 6 immediately；Make k=5,
Repeating to calculate process in real time until the value of n stops more than during x, whole flow process terminates, and is derived from one by x completely
The solder joint of penetration overlaps the weld seam of composition two-by-two.
Result of the test is as shown in Figure 6: △ UkFor maximum difference in the crest voltage that calculates in real time, (vertical coordinate is △ Uk, horizontal
Coordinate is umber of pulse).Video camera 8 synchronizes to open in welding initial time, and records welding gun 2 and start the time of movement every time
Point, corresponding picture is selected from the sectional drawing of time point.△UkSame solder joint is derived from corresponding picture.
As seen from the experiment: the maximum difference that " uprushing " exists in crest voltage certainly exists；And with uprushed
Picture corresponding to time point is become all to show complete penetration signal.The pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc of the stepping electric arc welding type of the present invention
Pressure sensing penetration control method successfully realizes.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention being described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Detailed description of the invention, above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematically, is not restrictive, the common skill of this area
Art personnel are under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, it is also possible to
Make the concrete conversion of a lot of form, within these belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) arc voltage sensing penetration control method of a stepping electric arc welding type, it is characterised in that include
Following steps:
(1), when the n-th solder joint is welded in pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), the arc voltage of current time is believed by voltage signal sensor
Number by data collecting card transmit to controller；Wherein, n is solder joint sequence number, and the initial value of n is 1,1≤n≤x；X is weldering
Point sum；
(2) controller utilizes arc voltage signal to calculate amplitude △ of the uprushing U of voltage maximum difference in peak value of pulse in real timek',
△Uk'=△ Uk-△Uk-4, wherein, △ UkFor voltage maximum difference in the peak value of kth pulse, △ Uk-4For kth-4
Voltage maximum difference in the peak value of individual pulse, k is pulse sequence number, and the initial value of k is 5, k >=5；
And △ Uk=Ukmax-Ukmin, UkmaxFor voltage max, U in the peak value of kth pulsekminFor kth pulse
Voltage minimum in peak value；
(3) controller compares △ Uk' and the size of △ U ', △ U ' is predetermined threshold value；
As △ Uk' < △ U ', then k=k+1 perform step (2)；
As △ Uk' >=△ U ', then it is assumed that the n-th solder joint obtains complete penetration, performs step (4)；
(4) controller control step device makes welding gun arrive the n-th solder joint, wherein n=n+1, simultaneously k=5, performs step
(1)；During until n is unsatisfactory for condition, flow process terminates.
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| CN106735785A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 茂名重力石化装备股份公司 | A kind of automatic welding pipette tips for the embedded Deep Hole Welding of shell-and-tube thin tubesheet |
| CN108213651B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-04-07 | 天津大学 | Penetration control method for initial stage of pulse arc welding |
| CN111331229A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-06-26 | 兰州理工大学 | Continuous pulse tungsten electrode argon arc welding critical penetration control method, device and system |
| CN114273753B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-01-13 | 天津大学 | Method for monitoring filler wire GTAW-P transverse welding penetration degree |
| CN114554090B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-11-07 | 天津大学 | Controllable self-triggering image acquisition system and method based on electric signal monitoring |
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| US4384187A (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1983-05-17 | Carrier Corporation | Feedback control system for pulsed DC arc welding |
| JPH0632856B2 (en) * | 1985-04-10 | 1994-05-02 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Consumable electrode arc welder |
| US5510596A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1996-04-23 | American Welding Institute | Penetration sensor/controller arc welder |
| JPH09271943A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-10-21 | Daihen Corp | Method and device for controlling arc length in pulsed arc welding |
| JP5154381B2 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2013-02-27 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Control method for pulse TIG welding robot and control system for pulse TIG welding robot |
| JP5302046B2 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Plasma keyhole welding start method |
| JP5759737B2 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2015-08-05 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Control method and control system for pulse TIG welding robot |
| US10183351B2 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2019-01-22 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Parallel state-based controller for a welding power supply |
| CN104368896B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-06-01 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of dark fusion penetration union-melt weld controller |
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