CN104772241A - Ejector with convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber - Google Patents
Ejector with convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104772241A CN104772241A CN201510200413.9A CN201510200413A CN104772241A CN 104772241 A CN104772241 A CN 104772241A CN 201510200413 A CN201510200413 A CN 201510200413A CN 104772241 A CN104772241 A CN 104772241A
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- mixing chamber
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ejector with a convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber. The ejector comprises a working fluid nozzle, the receiving chamber and a mixing chamber, wherein the working fluid nozzle is provided with a working fluid inlet; the receiving chamber is provided with a driving fluid inlet, and the mixing chamber is simultaneously communicated with the working fluid nozzle and the receiving chamber; the communication portion of the receiving chamber and the mixing chamber is of a convergent-divergent nozzle structure. The ejector adopts the convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber, so driving fluid and working fluid can reach supersonic speed when being mixed, and speed difference, pressure difference and temperature difference during mixing are reduced, and the loss in the mixing process is reduced; a tapered section of the mixing chamber, an olivary section of the mixing chamber and a diffuser are adopted so that shock wave loss is reduced and the efficiency of the ejector is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid machinery technical field, especially relate to the injector that a kind of receiving chamber is de Laval noz(zle).
Background technology
Injector carrys out injection low-pressure fluid by consuming certain high-pressure fluid, the device with intermediate pressure fluid between high pressure and low pressure is produced after two fluids mixing, because it has the advantages such as device structure is simple, volume is little, cost is low, reliable, be widely used in industry and the civil areas such as mass transport, desalinization, refrigeration, dehumidifying taste removal, existing injector is generally made up of working fluid nozzle, receiving chamber, mixing chamber and diffuser four parts.Its operation principle is, the working fluid of high pressure enters working fluid nozzle and carries out adiabatic expansion, and enters mixing chamber after nozzle exit forms low-voltage high speed stream; Driving fluid, under the effect of operative fluid outlet low pressure, enters mixing chamber after adiabatic expansion in receiving chamber; The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of fluid-mixing has larger inhomogeneities at mixing chamber inlet place, and along with the flowing of fluid-mixing in mixing chamber, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is balanced gradually; In mixing chamber, usually can produce shock wave, fluid-mixing speed reduces, and pressure raises; In diffuser, fluid-mixing flow velocity reduces further, and pressure raises, and reaches required outlet pressure parameter.The pressure of injector outlet mixture stream and the ratio of driving fluid inlet pressure are called compression ratio, are the important parameters weighing injector performance.
In injector, driving fluid and working fluid not only mix under friction speed, temperature, pressure, and fluid-mixing usually also can produce shock wave in mixing chamber.Therefore, the flow process of injector inner fluid is irreversible procedure, show through calculating, the shock wave phenomena produced in driving fluid and working fluid mixed process at various speeds and mixing chamber in injector is the main source of irreversible loss in injector.In injector, working fluid is adiabatic expansion in working fluid nozzle, according to Bernoulli equation, pressure potential changes into kinetic energy, its speed and pressure are determined by the pressure before Working-fluid intaking state and driving fluid mix, and the minimum critical pressure that can only arrive of existing injector driving fluid pressure before combination, namely reach capacity operating mode, therefore, the mixed process of the working fluid of low pressure and the driving fluid of high pressure is with larger energy loss; Secondly, working fluid is owing to expanding fully, very low from the temperature of working fluid nozzle outlet, and before driving fluid mixing, temperature is minimum can only arrive critical-temperature, therefore, the mixed process of the working fluid of low temperature and the driving fluid of relatively-high temperature is with larger energy loss; The shock wave phenomena of mixing chamber inside also causes larger energy loss.The present invention is for solving the problem and proposing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, provide the injector that a kind of receiving chamber is de Laval noz(zle), speed when driving fluid is mixed with working fluid reaches supersonic speed, pressure is even lower, temperature is even lower, and reduces due to the loss that excessive speed difference, pressure differential and temperature difference cause when mixing, and by adopting mixing chamber conical section, mixing chamber olive shape section and diffuser, eliminate shock loss, improve ejector efficiency.
Receiving chamber is an injector for de Laval noz(zle), comprises the working fluid nozzle with Working-fluid intaking, with the receiving chamber of driving fluid entrance, and the mixing chamber be simultaneously communicated with receiving chamber with described working fluid nozzle; The part that described receiving chamber is communicated with mixing chamber is de Laval noz(zle) structure.
As preferably, described receiving chamber comprises:
With the body cavity of described driving fluid entrance;
Be communicated with body cavity and expand the port of export of setting gradually along fluid flow direction in circulation area;
Be provided with circulation area in described body cavity along the diminishing pre-reducing of fluid flow direction, the osculum end of this pre-reducing is connected by level and smooth arc-shaped transition section with the osculum end of the described port of export; De Laval noz(zle) structure described in described pre-reducing and the port of export are formed.
The course of work of above-mentioned injector is: the working fluid of high pressure enters working fluid nozzle by Working-fluid intaking, adiabatic expansion in working fluid nozzle, and the pressure potential of fluid changes into kinetic energy, forms low pressure in working fluid nozzle exit.Driving fluid, under the effect of working fluid nozzle outlet low pressure, reaches supersonic speed by the receiving chamber with contraction and enlargement nozzle, starts to mix with working fluid at mixing chamber inlet.Two fluids by momentum-exchange, reaches sharing rate gradually in mixing chamber, and by producing shock wave, speed reduces, and pressure raises, and reaches required outlet pressure parameter in injector exit, realizes with this effect promoting citation jet body pressure.
In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency of injector further, as preferably, the arrival end of described mixing chamber is provided with fluid passage section and amasss tapered section of the mixing chamber that streamwise diminishes gradually; Described receiving chamber is connected with mixing chamber by mixing chamber conical section.
Its course of work is, the supersonic flow that working fluid nozzle outlet and receiving chamber export enters mixing chamber conical section entrance simultaneously, mixed supersonic flow declines at flow area streamwise diminishing mixing chamber conical section medium velocity, pressure increase, and enter the momentum transfer process that mixing chamber continues to finish the work between fluid and driving fluid, obtain required outlet pressure in injector exit.
As preferably, the arrival end of described mixing chamber is provided with fluid passage section and amasss streamwise and first become the mixing chamber olive shape section then diminished gradually greatly gradually; Described receiving chamber is connected with mixing chamber by mixing chamber olive shape section.
Its course of work is, the supersonic flow that working fluid nozzle outlet export with receiving chamber enters fluid passage section simultaneously and amasss streamwise and first become the large mixing chamber olive shape section entrance then diminished gradually gradually, mixed supersonic flow declines at mixing chamber olive shape section medium velocity, pressure increase, the momentum transfer process of finishing the work between fluid and driving fluid, obtains required outlet pressure in injector exit.
In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency of injector further, a kind of preferred receiving chamber is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), and described mixing chamber outlet end is provided with the diffuser that enlarging is arranged.Diffuser and mixing chamber are connected, and the fluid flow area of diffuser becomes large gradually, improves fluid pressure further.As preferred further, described diffuser and mixing chamber are structure as a whole.Add man-hour, can be once compressing.Equally also can adopt Split type structure as required.
Its course of work is, the fluid of mixing chamber outlet circulates the diffuser that area expands gradually, and the speed of fluid-mixing reduces further, and the kinetic transformation of fluid-mixing becomes pressure potential, injector is exported and can obtain higher pressure.
In order to the fluid realizing working fluid nozzle outlet reaches supersonic speed, described working fluid nozzle is de Laval noz(zle) structure.
A kind of receiving chamber of the present invention is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), by the receiving chamber adopting fluid passage section to amass the first de Laval noz(zle) type then becoming large gradually that diminishes gradually of streamwise, make driving fluid can reach supersonic speed when mixing with working fluid, pressure is even lower, temperature is even lower, the loss caused due to excessive speed difference, pressure differential and temperature difference when reducing mixing, and by adopting mixing chamber conical section, mixing chamber olive shape section and diffuser, greatly reduce shock loss, improve ejector efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The injector of Fig. 1 to be receiving chamber of the present invention be de Laval noz(zle);
Fig. 1 a is the partial enlarged drawing of receiving chamber of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is preferred receiving chamber of the present invention is the injector of de Laval noz(zle);
Fig. 3 is the preferred receiving chamber of another kind of the present invention is the injector of de Laval noz(zle);
Fig. 4 is the preferred receiving chamber of another kind of the present invention is the injector of de Laval noz(zle).
Wherein: 1, Working-fluid intaking; 2, working fluid nozzle; 3, driving fluid entrance; 4, receiving chamber; 4a, body cavity; 4b, the port of export; 4c, pre-reducing; 4d, arc-shaped transition section; 5, mixing chamber; 6, mixing chamber conical section; 7, mixing chamber olive shape section; 8, diffuser.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of receiving chamber is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), comprises Working-fluid intaking 1, working fluid nozzle 2, driving fluid entrance 3, receiving chamber 4, mixing chamber 5; Working-fluid intaking 1 and working fluid nozzle 2 are connected, and driving fluid entrance 3 and receiving chamber 4 are connected, and working fluid nozzle 2 is positioned at receiving chamber 4, and receiving chamber 4 and mixing chamber 5 are connected, and receiving chamber 4 is de Laval noz(zle) structure.
As shown in Figure 1a, receiving chamber 4 comprises the port of export 4b that body cavity 4a and body cavity 4a is communicated with, port of export 4b is that trumpet-shaped enlarging is arranged, body cavity 4a is provided with driving fluid entrance 3 and circulation area along the diminishing pre-reducing 4c of direction of flow, and the osculum end of pre-reducing 4c is connected by level and smooth arc-shaped transition section 4d with the osculum end of port of export 4b.Working fluid nozzle 1 is also de Laval noz(zle) structure.
The course of work of above-mentioned injector is: the working fluid of high pressure enters working fluid nozzle 2 by Working-fluid intaking 1, adiabatic expansion in working fluid nozzle 2, and the pressure potential of fluid changes into kinetic energy, forms low pressure in working fluid nozzle 2 exit.Driving fluid, under working fluid nozzle 2 exports the effect of low pressure, reaches supersonic speed by the receiving chamber 4 with contraction and enlargement nozzle, mixes with working fluid at mixing chamber 5 entrance.Two fluids by momentum-exchange, reaches sharing rate gradually in mixing chamber 5, and by producing shock wave, speed reduces, and pressure raises, and reaches required outlet pressure parameter in injector exit, realizes with this effect promoting citation jet body pressure.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment is the improvement on embodiment 1 basis: comprise fluid passage section and amass the mixing chamber diminished gradually along fluid flow direction tapered section 6, receiving chamber 4 is connected with mixing chamber 5 by mixing chamber conical section 6; The big opening end that mixing chamber is tapered section 6 is connected with the port of export 4b of receiving chamber 4, and the osculum end that mixing chamber is tapered section 6 is connected with the fluid intake end of mixing chamber 5.
Its course of work is, working fluid nozzle 2 exports the supersonic flow exported with receiving chamber 4 and enters mixing chamber conical section 6 entrance simultaneously, mixed supersonic flow declines at flow area streamwise diminishing mixing chamber conical section 6 medium velocity, pressure increase, and enter the momentum transfer process that mixing chamber 5 continues to finish the work between fluid and driving fluid, obtain required outlet pressure in injector exit.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, this embodiment is the improvement carried out on embodiment 1 basis, and comprise fluid passage section and amass the large mixing chamber olive shape section 7 then diminished gradually of the first change gradually of streamwise, receiving chamber 4 is connected with mixing chamber 5 by mixing chamber olive shape section 7; Mixing chamber olive shape section 7 is arc-shaped transition structure, the similar olive shape of shape, mixing chamber olive shape section 7 two ends are big opening end and osculum end respectively, and it is direct that big opening end diameter is greater than osculum end, big opening end is connected with the port of export 4b of receiving chamber 4, osculum end with hybrid 5 fluid intake end be connected.
Its course of work is, working fluid nozzle 2 exports supersonic flow export with receiving chamber 4 and enters fluid passage section simultaneously and amass streamwise and first become large mixing chamber olive shape section 7 entrance then diminished gradually gradually, mixed supersonic flow declines at mixing chamber olive shape section 7 medium velocity, pressure increase, the momentum transfer process of finishing the work between fluid and driving fluid, obtains required outlet pressure in injector exit.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment is the improvement carried out on embodiment 3 basis, comprises the diffuser 8 that fluid flow area streamwise becomes large gradually, and osculum end and the mixing chamber 5 of diffuser 8 are connected.
Its course of work is, the fluid that mixing chamber 5 exports circulates the diffuser 8 that area expands gradually, and the speed of fluid-mixing reduces further, and the kinetic transformation of fluid-mixing becomes pressure potential, injector is exported and can obtain higher pressure.
Application examples 1
For conventional injector, and Fig. 4 shown device of the present invention has carried out analog computation, and the assumed condition of calculating is as follows: (1) working fluid and driving fluid are steam, and the inject ratio of injector is 1; (2) for conventional injector, receiving chamber's exit fluid velocity is velocity of sound, receiving chamber's outlet fluid pressure is critical pressure, and working fluid nozzle outlet pressure is identical with receiving chamber outlet pressure, and working fluid and the driving fluid sectional area of runner in mixed process is constant; (3) for injector of the present invention, working fluid nozzle outlet is identical with the pressure that receiving chamber exports; (4) working fluid and driving fluid are saturated steam, and the temperature of working fluid is 100 DEG C, and the temperature of driving fluid is 5 DEG C; (5) for Fig. 4 shown device, the fluid-mixing flow velocity of diffuser exit is 1m/s.
It is as follows that injector for Fig. 4 of the present invention exports the result of calculation that the pressure that reaches changes with working fluid nozzle outlet pressure:
| Working fluid nozzle outlet pressure (Pa) | Injector outlet pressure (Pa) |
| 100 | 6738 |
| 115 | 6653 |
| 130 | 6574 |
| 145 | 6499 |
| 160 | 6427 |
| 175 | 6358 |
| 190 | 6292 |
| 205 | 6227 |
| 220 | 6165 |
| 235 | 6103 |
| 250 | 6044 |
| 265 | 5985 |
| 280 | 5927 |
| 295 | 5870 |
| 310 | 5814 |
| 325 | 5758 |
| 340 | 5703 |
| 355 | 5648 |
| 370 | 5594 |
| 385 | 5540 |
| 400 | 5486 |
Conventional injector available injector outlet pressure under above design condition is 1970kPa.The present invention, by adopting the receiving chamber of de Laval noz(zle) form, reduces driving fluid and exports the pressure that can reach in receiving chamber.As can be seen from result of calculation, when receiving chamber's outlet pressure is lower than conventional injector, the injector outlet pressure that injector of the present invention can reach is far above traditional injector, and injector exports the pressure that can reach increases along with the decline of receiving chamber's outlet pressure, demonstrate beneficial effect of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a receiving chamber is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), comprise the working fluid nozzle (2) with Working-fluid intaking (1), with the receiving chamber (4) of driving fluid entrance (3), and the mixing chamber (5) be simultaneously communicated with receiving chamber (4) with described working fluid nozzle (2); It is characterized in that, the part that described receiving chamber (4) is communicated with mixing chamber (5) is de Laval noz(zle) structure.
2. receiving chamber according to claim 1 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, described receiving chamber (4) comprising:
With the body cavity (4a) of described driving fluid entrance (3);
To be communicated with body cavity (4a) and circulation area expands the port of export (4b) of setting gradually along fluid flow direction;
Be provided with circulation area reduces setting gradually pre-reducing (4c) along fluid flow direction in described body cavity (4a), the osculum end of this pre-reducing (4c) is connected by level and smooth arc-shaped transition section (4d) with the osculum end of the described port of export (4b); De Laval noz(zle) structure described in described pre-reducing (4c) and the port of export (4b) are formed.
3. receiving chamber according to claim 1 and 2 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, the arrival end of described mixing chamber (5) is provided with fluid passage section and amasss tapered section of the mixing chamber (6) that streamwise diminishes gradually; Described receiving chamber (4) is connected with mixing chamber (5) by mixing chamber conical section (6).
4. receiving chamber according to claim 3 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, described mixing chamber (5) port of export is provided with the diffuser (8) that fluid flow area streamwise becomes large gradually.
5. receiving chamber according to claim 1 and 2 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, the arrival end of described mixing chamber (5) is provided with fluid passage section and amasss the large mixing chamber olive shape section (7) then diminished gradually of the first change gradually of streamwise; Described receiving chamber (4) is connected with mixing chamber (5) by mixing chamber olive shape section (7).
6. receiving chamber according to claim 5 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, described mixing chamber (5) port of export is provided with the diffuser (8) that fluid flow area streamwise becomes large gradually.
7. receiving chamber according to claim 5 is the injector of de Laval noz(zle), it is characterized in that, described mixing chamber olive shape section (7) is greater than the fluid flow area of described mixing chamber olive shape section (7) and mixing chamber (5) joint with the fluid flow area of receiving chamber (4) joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510200413.9A CN104772241B (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2015-04-24 | Ejector with convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510200413.9A CN104772241B (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2015-04-24 | Ejector with convergent-divergent nozzle type receiving chamber |
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| CN104772241A true CN104772241A (en) | 2015-07-15 |
| CN104772241B CN104772241B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527011A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Method for testing fluid sonic characteristic |
| CN107013394A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-04 | 柳州源创电喷技术有限公司 | Air-assisted injection device |
| CN107143533A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-09-08 | 张玉良 | Save injector |
| CN107899771A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-13 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of tapered folding and unfolding pipe inspection device |
| CN113369029A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-09-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Injection type low-pressure over-distance gas acceleration spray head |
| CN115283369A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-04 | 林峡 | Carbon dioxide state control system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113369029A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-09-10 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Injection type low-pressure over-distance gas acceleration spray head |
| CN115283369A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-04 | 林峡 | Carbon dioxide state control system and method |
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|---|---|
| CN104772241B (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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