CN104771373A - Drug carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Drug carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nanopreparations, and discloses a drug carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier and a preparation method thereof. The drug carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier comprises, by mass, 1-10% of a drug, 25-75% of a stabilizer, 9-50% of an alkylcyanoacrylate monomer and 9-30% of a freeze-drying protection agent. The preparation method of the drug carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier comprises the following steps: polymerizing the drug and the alkylcyanoacrylate monomer in a high concentration alcohol system, slowly transferring the obtained polymer system to a water phase in a dropwise manner, stirring for a certain time, carrying out rotary evaporation, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, filtering, and freeze-drying to obtain powder. The polymerization reaction of the alkylcyanoacrylate monomer is basically carried out in alcohol in the invention, so the contact time of the drug with an acidic medium is shortened, and the degradation of the drug is prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nanometer formulation field, specifically a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For seeking more effective method to treat the disease jeopardizing human and animal's life, the exploitation of drug delivery system attracts wide attention.Design drug delivery system is as the attraction part of modern treatment method: (1) is by medicine absorption or be encapsulated on carrier or excipient, medicine accurately can be transported to certain organs or position, also or realize disease specific targeting; (2) release of medicine can be controlled, prolong half-life; (3) provide new or route of administration more easily, medicine is arrived be difficult in body the position of transporting; (4) medication related parameters can be improved better, as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, non-specific toxicity, immunogenicity etc., improve therapeutic efficiency (Vanderwoot, J., Ludwig, A.Ocular drug delivery:nanomedicines application [J] .Nanomedicine, 2007,2:11-21.).Major part drug delivery system, based on nanoparticle, comprises nano-particle, liposome, Emulsion, resinous polymer, CNT etc.
Many synthesis or natural polymer has been applied to transport of drug research.Though the such as natural polymer of collagen protein and this class of cellulose may be used for sending various protein drug, but these materials are often degraded slowly, even if can by adding various functional group, such as use glutaraldehyde cross-linking to modify and improve the degradability of this polymer, but these modified after the catabolite of natural polymer be not but desired in body.And gather (alkylcyanoacrylate) base polymer by enzymatic Ester hydrolysis, obtain primary alconol, butanols and water-soluble poly (2-alpha-cyanoacrylate) acid.Poly-(alkylcyanoacrylate) base polymer is in degradation process simultaneously, polymer chain keeps complete, become gradually and have more hydrophilic, until become water solublity (C.O ' Sullivan, C.Birkinshaw.mydrolysis of poly (n-butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticlesusing esterase [J] .Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2002,78:7-15).
The preparation method of common polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticle is emulsion polymerization and interface polycondensation, emulsion polymerization to be adapted in acid medium dissolubility greatly and more stable medicine, that alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer is joined in the acidic aqueous solution containing stabilizing agent, (Joshi SA is polymerized in the emulsion droplet that alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer is formed at emulsifying agent or micelle inside, Chachan SS, Sawant KK.Rivastigmine-loaded PLGA and PBCA nanoparticles:preparation, optimization, characterization, in vitro and pharmacodynamic studies [J] .Eur J PharmBiopharm, 2010, 76:189-99), and interface polycondensation is suitable for fat-soluble medicine, alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer and medicine are dissolved in a large amount of aqueous phases that the oil phase obtained in organic solvent is slowly added drop-wise to containing stabilizing agent, alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer is made to be polymerized on biphase diffuse interface and to obtain (Fei Ren, Ruda Chen, Ying Wang, et al.Paclitaxel-LoadedPoly (n-butylcyanoacrylate) Nanoparticle Delivery System to OvercomemultidrugResistance in Ovarian Cancer [J] .Pharm Res, 2011, 28:897-906).In these two kinds of methods, be the rapid polymerization of the too much trigger monomer of OH-in anti-sealing, generally all need to regulate aqueous phase to acid, for ensureing that monomer is fully polymerized, the response time is generally no less than 4h, thus may have influence on the stability of facile hydrolysis medicine under acid condition.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier and preparation method thereof, in advance medicine is placed in dense alcohol system together with alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer to be polymerized, then obtained preliminary polymerization objects system is slowly dropwise transferred to after stirring certain hour in aqueous phase, through operations such as rotary evaporation, ultrasonic, filtration, lyophilizations, in the present invention, the polyreaction of alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer is carried out substantially in alcohol, the time of contact of medicine and acid medium can be shortened, reduce the degraded of medicine, strengthen the stability of medicine.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticulate carriers, by mass percentage calculate comprise following component: the medicine of 1 ~ 10%, the stabilizing agent of 25 ~ 75%, 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer and 9 ~ 30% freeze drying protectants;
In such scheme, described medicine is: in Toadpoison Medicine, mitoxantrone, curcumin, paclitaxel, etoposide, paclitaxel of dwelling, gefitinib, hydroxy camptothecin, amycin, fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, irinotecan or cisplatin more any one.
Described stabilizing agent is: PLURONICS F87, poloxamer188, pluronic F127, macrodex, Dextran 40, Dextran-20, polyvinyl alcohol series, tween 80, any one or mixture several arbitrarily in Arlacel-80.
Described alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester is: any one in methyl 2-cyanoacrylate (MCA), ethyl ester (ECA), butyl ester (BCA), isobutyl ester (IBCA), own ester (HCA) or dissident's ester (IHCA).
Described freeze drying protectant is following any one or mixture several arbitrarily:
(1) saccharide/polyalcohols: sucrose, trehalose, mannitol, lactose, glucose, maltose;
(2) polymer class: PVP, PEG, dextran, albumin;
(3) amino acids: Serine, sodium glutamate, alanine, glycine, sarcosine;
(4) salt: phosphate, acetate, citrate.
In such scheme, the mean diameter of described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier is 20 ~ 1000nm, is preferably 50 ~ 200nm.
The preparation method of described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier, comprises the following steps:
(1) medicine is placed in dense alcohol system together with alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer to be polymerized:
Calculate by mass percentage, take 1 ~ 10% medicine, be dissolved in 5mL to contain 4.5 ~ 45% stabilizing agents or do not contain in the dense alcohol system of stabilizing agent, namely (wherein concentration of alcohol is 89 ~ 99% to ethanol-water system, V/V), control rotating speed is 100 ~ 1000rpm, slowly joins in described dense alcohol system by 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomers dropwise, stirring at room temperature 5h, obtains preliminary polymerization objects system in alcohol;
(2) preparation of aqueous phase:
Calculate by mass percentage, take 4 ~ 50% stabilizing agent distilled water and dissolve, or do not add stabilizing agent, be adjusted to specific pH2 ~ pH7.4, this is aqueous phase;
(3) described preliminary polymerization objects system is slowly dropwise transferred in described aqueous phase:
Controlled to be 100 ~ 1000rpm by the rotating speed of described aqueous phase, dropwise joined in aqueous phase by described preliminary polymerization objects system, adopt water bath sonicator that system is uniformly dispersed, wherein water bath sonicator temperature is 0 ~ 50 DEG C, and the power of water bath sonicator is 10 ~ 200W;
(4) rotary evaporation:
After described step (3) gained system is continued stirring 0.5 ~ 2h, regulate pH to neutral, rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 0 ~ 60 DEG C;
(5) probe sonication:
Adopt probe sonication, shear the nanoparticle in described step (4) gained system, to obtain the little nanoparticle of size, wherein the power of probe sonication is 10 ~ 1000W, and probe sonication number of times is 10 ~ 600 times;
(6) filter:
Be 0.8 μm of membrane filtration by aperture, obtain medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticle suspension;
(7) lyophilization:
In described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticle suspension, add 9 ~ 30% freeze drying protectants, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours.
In such scheme, described water bath sonicator temperature is preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C, and described water bath sonicator power is preferably 80 ~ 100W.
In such scheme, described rotating evaporation temperature is preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C.
In such scheme, described probe sonication power is preferably 100 ~ 400W, and described probe sonication number of times is preferably 50 ~ 400.
Beneficial effect: the present invention compared with prior art, in advance medicine is placed in dense alcohol system together with alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer to be polymerized, after be transferred in aqueous phase and be fixed, medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier prepared by the present invention is spheroidal, every physicochemical property is good, effectively can encapsulate hydrophobic drug, the time of contact of medicine and acid medium can be shortened, strengthen the stability of medicine; Water bath sonicator temperature is preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C, water bath sonicator power is preferably 80 ~ 100W, the temperature of rotary evaporation is preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C, probe sonication power is preferably 100 ~ 400W, probe sonication number of times is preferably 50 ~ 400, these optimum conditions can maintain the stability of medicine, avoid high temperature to cause nanoparticle to go bad; Being more prone to make it preserve, adding freeze drying protectant and carrying out lyophilization formation powdery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope picture carrying Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier prepared according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the rabbit auricular vein section self-controlled group collection of illustrative plates carrying Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier prepared according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the rabbit auricular vein section crude drug picture group spectrum of carrying Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier prepared according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the rabbit auricular vein section preparation picture group spectrum of carrying Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier prepared according to embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but be not limited to the following example, and those skilled in the art may make various adjustment to the present invention, and these adjustment belong in the scope of the present invention that appended claims defines equally.
A kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier preparation method provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Calculate by mass percentage, take the hydrophobic drug of 1 ~ 10%, be dissolved in 5mL and contain (wherein concentration of alcohol is 89 ~ 99%, V/V) in the dense alcohol system of 4.5 ~ 45% stabilizing agents; Control rotating speed is 100 ~ 1000rpm, and slowly join in above-mentioned dense alcohol system by 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomers dropwise, stirring at room temperature 5h, obtains preliminary polymerization objects system in alcohol.Calculate by mass percentage, take 4 ~ 50% stabilizing agents, dissolve with distilled water, be adjusted to specific pH (2 ~ 7.4), this is aqueous phase;
Or calculate by mass percentage, take the hydrophobic drug of 1 ~ 10%, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system of 5mL that (wherein concentration of alcohol is 89 ~ 99%, V/V), control rotating speed is 100 ~ 1000rpm, slowly join in above-mentioned dense alcohol system by 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomers dropwise, stirring at room temperature 5h, obtains preliminary polymerization objects system in alcohol.Calculate by mass percentage, take 4 ~ 50% stabilizing agents, dissolve with distilled water, this is aqueous phase to be adjusted to specific pH (2 ~ 7.4);
Or calculate by mass percentage, take the hydrophobic drug of 1 ~ 10%, be dissolved in 5mL and contain in the dense alcohol system of 4.5 ~ 45% stabilizing agents that (wherein concentration of alcohol is 89 ~ 99%, V/V), control rotating speed is 100 ~ 1000rpm, slowly join in above-mentioned dense alcohol system by 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomers dropwise, stirring at room temperature 5h, obtains preliminary polymerization objects system in alcohol.Calculate by mass percentage, be adjusted to specific pH (2 ~ 7.4), this is aqueous phase;
Controlled to be 100 ~ 1000rpm by the rotating speed of described aqueous phase, dropwise joined in aqueous phase by described preliminary polymerization objects system, adopt water bath sonicator that system is uniformly dispersed, wherein water bath sonicator temperature is 0 ~ 50 DEG C, and the power of water bath sonicator is 10 ~ 200W; After continuing stirring 0.5 ~ 2h, regulate pH to neutral, rotating evaporation temperature is 0 ~ 60 DEG C, rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 10 ~ 1000W probe sonication, 10 ~ 600 rear mistakes, 0.8 μm of filter membrane, adds 9 ~ 30% freeze drying protectants, lyophilizing.
Calculate by mass percentage, in described dense alcohol system and described aqueous phase, the total amount of stabilizing agent is 25 ~ 75%.
Described water bath sonicator temperature preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C.
Described water bath sonicator power preferably 80 ~ 100W.
Described rotating evaporation temperature preferably 10 ~ 30 DEG C.
Described probe sonication power preferably 100 ~ 400W.
Described probe sonication number of times preferably 50 ~ 400.
The mean diameter of described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier is 20 ~ 1000nm, preferably 50 ~ 200nm.
Described aqueous phase is adjusted to specific pH (2 ~ 7.4) and is: though the alkane of alpha-cyanoacrylate described in the present invention ester monomer substantially completes polymerization in described ethanol system, but partial monosomy may be still had after joining described aqueous phase system to be polymerized occur, and form nanoparticle at described aqueous phase system.For acidproof medicine, can suitably regulate pH to acid, the monomer being conducive to not occurring to be polymerized forms less nanoparticle, and for acid labile drugs, then does not need to regulate aqueous phase pH, remains neutral.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of carrying Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier
Precision weighing 5mg Toadpoison Medicine, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 98%) containing 20mg PLURONICS F87, accurate absorption 55mg BCA (α-BCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 48mg PLURONICS F87 (pH 4.0), 20 DEG C, 100W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, regulate pH to neutral with sodium hydroxide, in 30 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 200W probe sonication 2 × 200 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution shows milky.
Add 25mg macrodex and 30mg trehalose in filtrate, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of carrying mitoxantrone Polyisobutyl cyanoacrylate nano-carrier
Precision weighing 15mg mitoxantrone, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 89%) containing 90mg pluronic F127, accurate absorption 20mg isobutylcyanoacrylate (IBCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase (pH 2.0) of 70mg PLURONICS F87,0 DEG C, 80W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 1h, regulate pH to neutral with sodium hydroxide, in 20 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 300W probe sonication 2 × 10 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution shows blue-opalescent.
Add 20mg sucrose in filtrate, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 3: carry the preparation that paclitaxel of dwelling gathers methyl 2-cyanoacrylate nano-carrier more
Precision weighing 10mg is dwelt paclitaxel more, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 95%) containing 25mg poloxamer188, accurate absorption 80mg methyl 2-cyanoacrylate (MCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 100mg macrodex (pH 7.4), 50 DEG C, 10W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, in 60 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 100W probe sonication 2 × 50 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution is milky.
Add 20mg sucrose in filtrate, 20mg PEG 400,15mg mannitol and 15mg glycine, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 4: carry the preparation that etoposide gathers cyanacrylate nano-carrier
Precision weighing 24.5mg etoposide, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 93%) containing 110mg PEG 400, accurate absorption 40mg cyanacrylate ECA monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization thing in this alcohol is added dropwise to 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 20mg Tween 80 (pH 6.8) by system, 10 DEG C, 200W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 1h, in 25 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 400W probe sonication 2 × 100 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution is milky.
Add 25mg lactose and 25mg mannitol in filtrate, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of carrying adriamycin poly-alkyl-alfa-cyanoacrylate nano-carrier
Precision weighing 10mg amycin, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 96%) containing 80mg Tween 80, accurate absorption 60mg BCA (BCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 10mg polyvinyl alcohol 200 (pH 7.0), 18 DEG C, 50W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 1h, in 0 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 10W probe sonication 2 × 600 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution shows purple opalescence.
Add 25mg PEG400 in filtrate, 10mg trisodium citrate and 15mg glycine trisodium, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 6: the preparation of carrying curcumin alpha-cyanoacrylate dissident ester IHCA nano-carrier
Precision weighing 5mg curcumin, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 98%) containing 50.5mg sorbester p17, accurate absorption 96mg alpha-cyanoacrylate dissident ester IHCA monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL not containing in the aqueous phase of stabilizing agent (PH 3.0), 30 DEG C, 150W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, be adjusted to neutrality with sodium hydroxide, in 50 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 1000W probe sonication 2 × 10 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution shows orange-yellow opalescence.
Add 25mg mannitol and 25mg trehalose in filtrate, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 7: the preparation of carrying gefitinib PBCA nano-carrier
Precision weighing 2.5mg gefitinib, be dissolved in not containing in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 99%) of stabilizing agent, accurate absorption 75mg BCA (BCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 80mg pluronic F127 (pH 5.0), 28 DEG C, 95W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, be adjusted to neutrality with sodium hydroxide, in 30 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 800W probe sonication 2 × 600 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution shows brown opalescence.
Add 40mg trehalose in filtrate, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 8: the preparation of carrying hydroxy camptothecin Polyisobutyl cyanoacrylate nano-carrier
Precision weighing 2.3mg hydroxy camptothecin, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 99%) containing 10mg macrodex, accurate absorption 40mg isobutylcyanoacrylate (IBCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 113mg poloxamer188 (pH4.0), 30 DEG C, 100W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, be adjusted to neutrality with sodium hydroxide, in 25 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 600W probe sonication 2 × 300 times, crosses 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution displaing yellow opalescence.
Add 25mg mannitol in filtrate, 20mg PVP K30 and 15.5mg alanine, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, and add sterilized water or normal saline and again disperse to form nanoparticle solution, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Embodiment 9: the preparation of carrying fluorouracil PBCA nano-carrier
Precision weighing 20mg fluorouracil, be dissolved in the dense alcohol system (concentration of alcohol 97%) containing 45mg pluronic F127, accurate absorption 130mg BCA (BCA) monomer, slowly dropwise add in dense alcohol system, dropping limit, limit is stirred, and after stirring 5h, preliminary polymerization objects system in this alcohol is dropwise added 5mL containing in the aqueous phase of 40mg PLURONICS F87 (pH6.8), 28 DEG C, 110W water bath sonicator makes system be uniformly dispersed; After continuing to stir 0.5h, in 20 DEG C of rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol; 500W probe sonication 2 × 500 times, cross 0.8 μm of filter membrane, obtained nanoparticle solution is milky.
Add 20mg glucose in filtrate and 10mg PVP K30 lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours, add sterilized water or normal saline disperses to form nanoparticle solution again, size is compared with before lyophilizing, almost unchanged.
Experimental example 1: size and distribution
Adopt Malvern laser granulometry (Zetasizer Nano ZS90 type laser particle analyzer, Malvern company of Britain) measure the particle size distribution of the nano-carrier prepared by embodiment 1, the mean diameter of the Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier that result shows prepared by the present invention is 172.15 ± 0.13nm, and polydispersity coefficient is 0.078 ± 0.021.
Experimental example 2: morphology distributes
Get nano-carrier appropriate, after distilled water diluting, get on the one after another drop of copper mesh being covered with carbon supporting film, place in a moment, continue dropping 2% phosphotungstic acid and carry out negative staining, with transmission electron microscope (Tecnai 12, Philips company, Holland) observe particle shape, the observed result of embodiment 1 is shown in Fig. 1.As seen from Figure 1, distribution of particles is comparatively even, in regular spheroidal.
Experimental example 3: study on the stability
Nanoparticle solution obtained by embodiment 1 is placed 72h in 4 DEG C of refrigerators, perusal finds that solution is almost unchanged, there is not the phenomenon such as nanoparticle sedimentation, medicine precipitation, Malvern laser granulometry is adopted to detect particle diameter, after finding that nanoparticle solution places 72h, there is not significant change in particle diameter.
Experimental example 4: hemolytic is tested
Investigate the hemolytic situation of Toadpoison Medicine crude drug and the Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nano-carrier prepared by embodiment 1.Get 12 clean test tubes, respectively label, and all add 2.5mL 2% red blood cell suspension, wherein 1 ~ No. 5 is crude drug group (Toadpoison Medicine concentration is followed successively by 4,8,12,16,20 μ g/mL); 6 ~ No. 10 is Toadpoison Medicine PBCA nanoparticle group (contained Toadpoison Medicine concentration is followed successively by 4,8,12,16,20 μ g/mL); No. 11 add normal saline and distilled water, as negative control group and positive controls respectively with No. 12.By each group of sample 37 DEG C of water bath heat preservations, observe haemolysis respectively at 0.3,1,2,3,4,6h.Operation repetitive 3 times.Experimental result shows, and during 0.3h, No. 5, crude drug group pipe can be observed slight hemolysis phenomenon with preparation group No. 10 pipes, and haemolysis appears in positive controls (No. 12 pipes), and all the other each Guan Junwei are without haemolysis.Along with time lengthening, during 1h, there is Medium hemolysis phenomenon in crude drug group No. 5 pipes; During 2h, there is slight hemolysis phenomenon in crude drug group No. 4 pipes; During 4h, there is severe haemolysis in crude drug group No. 5 pipes.And preparation group only No. 10 pipes there is slight hemolysis phenomenon, all the other each Guan Junwu haemolysises.The Toadpoison Medicine of visible high dose has certain hemolytic, and Toadpoison Medicine bag only occurs slight hemolysis phenomenon in high dose group after being loaded in PBCA nanoparticle, and safety strengthens greatly.
Experimental example 5: vascular stimulation test
Get 6 new zealand rabbits (male, 2kg), be divided into A, B two groups, wherein A group is crude drug group, the Toadpoison Medicine preparation group of B group prepared by embodiment 1.By 0.25mL/kg dosage auris dextra auricular vein drug administration by injection, every rabbit left ear auricular vein injection equal-volume normal saline is as self negative control simultaneously, administration every day 1 time, successive administration 3 days.After last administration 24h, pull out the rabbit hair at medicine-feeding part and surrounding tissue place, after alcohol disinfecting, cut off blood vessel together with surrounding tissue, after normal saline flushing, be placed in after 24h fixed by formalin and carry out pathology cut sections for microscopic examination.The rabbit auricular vein collection of illustrative plates of self-controlled group, crude drug group and preparation group is respectively as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.As seen from Figure 2, vascular endothelial cell degeneration, necrosis, to come off, blood vessel is clear, and without thrombosis in pipe, tissues surrounding vascular NIP, without the pathological changes such as hemorrhage; Fig. 3 shows blood vessel and slightly expands, and peripheral tissue edema also oozes out with a large amount of cellulose; Fig. 4 shows in tissues surrounding vascular a large amount of cell infiltration, but oozes out without a large amount of cellulose.As can be seen here, Toadpoison Medicine crude drug blood vessel irritation is comparatively serious, and the blood vessel irritation of preparation group is then more weak, illustrates that PBCA nano-carrier can strengthen drug safety, and this conclusion is also consistent with experimental example 3 conclusion.
Described embodiment is preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; when not deviating from flesh and blood of the present invention, any apparent improvement that those skilled in the art can make, replacement, modification and transformation all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier, is characterized in that, by mass percentage calculate comprise following component: the medicine of 1 ~ 10%, the stabilizing agent of 25 ~ 75%, 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer and 9 ~ 30% freeze drying protectants.
2. a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described medicine is: in Toadpoison Medicine, mitoxantrone, curcumin, paclitaxel, etoposide, paclitaxel of dwelling, gefitinib, hydroxy camptothecin, amycin, fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, irinotecan or cisplatin more any one.
3. a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described stabilizing agent is: PLURONICS F87, poloxamer188, pluronic F127, macrodex, Dextran 40, Dextran-20, polyvinyl alcohol series, tween 80, any one or mixture several arbitrarily in Arlacel-80.
4. a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester is: any one in methyl 2-cyanoacrylate, ethyl ester, butyl ester, isobutyl ester, own ester or dissident's ester.
5. a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mean diameter of described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier is 20 ~ 1000nm.
6. a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the mean diameter of described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier is 50 ~ 200nm.
7. the preparation method of a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) medicine is placed in dense alcohol system together with alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomer to be polymerized:
Calculate by mass percentage, take 1 ~ 10% medicine, be dissolved in 5mL to contain 4.5 ~ 45% stabilizing agents or do not contain in the dense alcohol system of stabilizing agent, i.e. ethanol-water system, wherein concentration of alcohol is 89 ~ 99%, and control rotating speed is 100 ~ 1000rpm, slowly joins in described dense alcohol system by 9 ~ 50% alpha-cyanoacrylate alkane ester monomers dropwise, stirring at room temperature 5h, obtains preliminary polymerization objects system in alcohol;
(2) preparation of aqueous phase:
Calculate by mass percentage, take 4 ~ 50% stabilizing agent distilled water and dissolve, or do not add stabilizing agent, be adjusted to specific pH2 ~ pH7.4, this is aqueous phase;
(3) described preliminary polymerization objects system is slowly dropwise transferred in described aqueous phase:
Controlled to be 100 ~ 1000rpm by the rotating speed of described aqueous phase, dropwise joined in aqueous phase by described preliminary polymerization objects system, adopt water bath sonicator that system is uniformly dispersed, wherein water bath sonicator temperature is 0 ~ 50 DEG C, and the power of water bath sonicator is 10 ~ 200W;
(4) rotary evaporation:
After described step (3) gained system is continued stirring 0.5 ~ 2h, regulate pH to neutral, rotary evaporation in vacuo removing ethanol, the temperature of rotary evaporation is 0 ~ 60 DEG C;
(5) probe sonication:
Adopt probe sonication, shear the nanoparticle in described step (4) gained system, to obtain the little nanoparticle of size, wherein the power of probe sonication is 10 ~ 1000W, and probe sonication number of times is 10 ~ 600 times;
(6) filter:
Be 0.8 μm of membrane filtration by aperture, obtain medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticle suspension;
(7) lyophilization:
In described medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticle suspension, add 9 ~ 30% freeze drying protectants, lyophilizing obtains powder in 24 hours.
8. the preparation method of a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described water bath sonicator temperature is 10 ~ 30 DEG C, and described water bath sonicator power is 80 ~ 100W.
9. the preparation method of a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described rotating evaporation temperature is 10 ~ 30 DEG C.
10. the preparation method of a kind of medicine carrying polyalkylcyanoacrylate nano-carrier according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described probe sonication power is 100 ~ 400W, and described probe sonication number of times is 50 ~ 400.
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