CN104767022B - New 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband - Google Patents
New 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001347978 Major minor Species 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband, including the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line intercoupled, one end of the main microstrip line is configured as the input port of coupler, for receiving RF/Microwave input signal, the other end is configured as straight-through output port, for output signal；One end of the secondary microstrip line is configured as the coupled output ports of coupler, and the other end is configured as isolated port, and the isolated port is connected with the load of 50 Europe；The main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line form multiple spiral shape coupling units of series connection in the shape of a spiral, and the coupling spacing of each adjacent spiral shape coupling unit is different or micro-strip line width is different, and to be tapered into from external-to-internal.The present invention, which can be realized, possesses more preferable Signal segregation degree between broader coupler bandwidth of operation, output port, and provides less insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to RF/Microwave Integrated Circuits design field, specifically a kind of 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband.
Background technology
Directional coupler is suffered from extensively as a kind of important microwave component in RF/Microwave Integrated Circuits and integrated circuit
General application.Its main function is according to required ratio progress power distribution by RF/Microwave signal.As a rule, it is fixed
It is made up of to coupler two transmission lines, different types of transmission line includes coaxial line, square wave strip line and microstrip line
Etc. being possible to directional coupler.From the point of view of the coupled structure mechanism of coupler, four kinds are can be largely classified into：It is flat
Row coupling, branch's coupling, Small aperture coupling and the double T of matching.With the development of wireless communication technology, to RF/Microwave Integrated Circuits
Design proposes higher requirement, and the bandwidth of communication system increasingly increases, and the equipment size of communication system realizes miniaturization, phase
Also requiring that for answering realizes miniaturization using microwave device therein, and the introducing of screw type coupler just solves radio communication skill
The requirement that art is minimized for microwave circuit.But traditional screw type coupler is typically only capable to realize that the signal compared with arrowband couples biography
It is defeated, the problems such as having higher insertion loss.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The problem of existing for above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind is new
90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband, it is possible to achieve possess between broader coupler bandwidth of operation, output port more preferable signal every
From degree, and provide less insertion loss.
Technical scheme：For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of new 90 ° of collection of ultra-wideband
Into coupler, including the main microstrip line intercoupled and secondary microstrip line, one end of the main microstrip line is configured as coupler
Input port, for receiving RF/Microwave input signal, the other end is configured as straight-through output port（It is referred to as " straight-through to hold
Mouthful "）, for output signal；One end of the secondary microstrip line is configured as the coupled output ports of coupler（Referred to as " coupled end
Mouthful "）, the other end is configured as isolated port, and the isolated port is connected with the load of 50 Europe；The main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line
Form multiple spiral shape coupling units of series connection in the shape of a spiral, the coupling spacing of each adjacent spiral shape coupling unit it is different or
Micro-strip line width is different, and to be tapered into from external-to-internal.
Further, the junction shunt capacitance of each spiral shape coupling unit adjusts the coupling of the coupler to ground
Resultant.
Further, shunt capacitance is arrived at the input port of the coupler, straight-through output port and coupled output ports
Ground, optimization input/output port matching, adjusts the coupling amount of the coupler.
Further, flying capcitor between the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line, as the case may be, optimizes capacitance,
Adjust the coupling amount of the coupler.
Further, the equivalent electrical length of the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line is all the ripple corresponding to center operating frequency
Long 1/4.As the case may be, corresponding adjustment is had.
Further, between the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line of each section of mutual coupling inside each spiral shape coupling unit
Away from different with line width gradual change.
Further, the frequency for the RF/Microwave signal that the straight-through output port is exported with coupled output ports with it is defeated
Enter signal identical, realize 3dB power deciles.
Further, the RF/Microwave signal that the straight-through output port is exported with coupled output ports phase in phase
Poor 90 degree, realize the structure converted between single-ended signal and orthogonal signalling.
Further, the helical structure of the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line can be realized by multi-layer metal structure intersect with
Just it is connected with external circuit, the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line main body can belong to same layer metal and realize phase using limit coupling
Mutual coupling, or the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line main body point are located at different layers metal respectively, at the same using limit coupling and
The coupling up and down of different layers is realized and intercoupled.
Further, the coupling spacing and micro-strip line width of each adjacent spiral shape coupling unit are all different.
The length of main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line, according to frequency setting needed for practical application scene, realizes the present invention with width
In be configured as 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband of transmission path.Different from conventional spiral shape coupler, in this hair
In bright 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, the microstrip line of two close-coupleds forms the multiple of series connection in the shape of a spiral（It is small）Spiral shell
Shape coupling unit is revolved, and the coupling spacing and micro-strip line width between each adjacent minor spiral shape coupling unit are all different, from outside
Tapered into inside, and the spacing of the main microstrip line of each section of mutual coupling inside each spiral shape coupling unit and secondary microstrip line and
Line width can be different with gradual change, so as to form the gradual change of the coefficient of coup and the difference of parasitic capacitance value, can also as the case may be,
The flying capcitor between the major-minor microstrip line main body of the spiral shape coupler, optimizes capacitance, adjusts the coupling of the coupler
Resultant, realizes that the coefficient of coup of whole each section of spiral shape coupler is adjustable.The junction shunt capacitance of each minor spiral shape coupler
To ground, by Electromagnetic Simulation, optimize the coupling spacing and capacitor's capacity of each minor spiral shape coupling unit, the ultra-wide needed for obtaining
Frequency spiral shape coupler.
Beneficial effect：The spiral shape coupler that multiple layer metal superposition is realized, compact conformation, processing is simple, and power capacity is big,
Insertion loss is low, compared with traditional spiral shape coupler, can realize broader bandwidth of operation, there is prominent in bandwidth
Advantage.The new integrated coupler of ultra-wideband 90- degree of the present invention can be widely applied to the nothing of RF/Microwave/millimeter wave frequency band
Among line communication system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1（a）For existing parallel strip line coupler principle schematic, Fig. 1（b）Coupler for the present invention is substantially former
Manage schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the principle of equal effects schematic diagram of new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband；
Fig. 3 is the circuit realiration schematic diagram of new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband；
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram of the new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband of 5-30GHz；
Fig. 5（a）For the output signal insertion loss simulation result figure of 5-30GHz 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, figure
5（b）For the output port isolation simulation result figure of 5-30GHz 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, Fig. 5（c）For 5-
The orthogonal signalling mirror image rejection simulation result figure of 30GHz 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate
The present invention rather than limitation the scope of the present invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are each to the present invention's
The modification for planting the equivalent form of value falls within the application appended claims limited range.
The present invention provides a kind of new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband, it is possible to achieve broader coupler bandwidth of operation, defeated
Possess more preferable Signal segregation degree between exit port, and less insertion loss is provided.
For the theoretical angle of coupler, the coupling bandwidth of ultra-wideband is realized, with traditional parallel microstrip lines
From the point of view of the example of device, from input/output port to micro-strip center, the spacing of two microstrip lines is constant, that is to say, that the coefficient of coup one
In the case of fixed, such as Fig. 1（a）Shown, the coupler bandwidth of operation of realization is often arrowband.By adjusting between microstrip line
Away from close to input/output port, that is, the part away from microstrip line center, spacing is tuned up, and the coefficient of coup reduces；And approach
The part at microstrip line center, spacing is turned down, coefficient of coup increase, realizes close-coupled, such as Fig. 1（b）It is shown.It is parallel by changing
Coupled microstrip line coupler traditional structure, it is possible to achieve broader coupling bandwidth.
Gained enlightenment from conclusions, it is considered to realized by multiple spiral shape coupling units it is a kind of be used for RF/Microwave/
90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband of millimetre-wave circuit, it is made up of the microstrip line of two couplings that are parallel to each other, wherein one end
The microstrip line for being configured as the input port of coupler is referred to as main microstrip line（Referred to as " main micro-strip "）.Another microstrip line is referred to as pair
Microstrip line（Referred to as " secondary micro-strip "）.The equivalent electrical length of main micro-strip and secondary micro-strip is all the wavelength corresponding to center operating frequency
1/4, realized by multi-layer metal structure, major and minor micro-strip is located at different layers metal respectively, so as to realize coupling above and below multiple layer metal
Close, limit coupling works simultaneously.90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband that the present invention is realized are configured to receive including one
The input port of RF/Microwave signal；Two ports for being configured to export frequency signal identical with input signal：Coupled end
Mouth and straight-through port；And an isolated port being connected with the load of 50 Europe.Different from conventional spiral shape coupler, in this hair
In bright 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, the microstrip line of two close-coupleds forms multiple spirals of series connection in the shape of a spiral
Shape coupling unit, as shown in Fig. 2 the coupling spacing and micro-strip line width of each adjoining spiral shape coupling unit are all different, it is from outside
Tapered into inside, and the spacing of the main microstrip line of each section of mutual coupling inside each spiral shape coupling unit and secondary microstrip line
Can be different with gradual change with line width, so that the gradual change of the coefficient of coup and the difference of parasitic capacitance value are formed, can also be according to specific feelings
Condition, the flying capcitor between the major-minor microstrip line main body of the spiral shape coupler optimizes capacitance, adjusts the coupler
Coupling amount, realizes that the coefficient of coup of whole each section of spiral shape coupler is adjustable.At the input/output port of the coupler and
The junction shunt capacitance of each spiral shape coupling unit is to ground, by optimizing the coupling spacing of each spiral shape coupling unit, micro-strip
Line line width and capacitor's capacity, the ultra-wide working band needed for obtaining, the frequency microwave that straight-through port and coupling port are exported
Signal frequency is identical with input signal, realizes 3dB power deciles.In phase, straight-through port and the output signal phase of coupling port
Poor 90 degree, realize the structure converted between single-ended signal and orthogonal signalling.
90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband of the present invention, we are made up of with one 4 spiral shape coupling units
90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband exemplified by, introduce its embodiment.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3,90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband of the invention are made up of two microstrip lines intercoupled,
Wherein one end is configured as the microstrip line of the input port 1 of coupler and is referred to as main micro-strip, and its other end is then as straight-through port 4
Output signal.Another microstrip line is referred to as secondary micro-strip, and its two ends are respectively configured as the coupling port 2 and isolation end of coupler
Mouth 3, isolated port 3 is connected with the load of 50 Europe, so as to realize good input standing wave, realizes maximum energy transmission.As in Fig. 3
Shown, major-minor micro-strip path overlap part is realized by multi-layer metal structure, and major-minor micro-strip is located at different layers metal respectively, simultaneously
Realize coupling and limit coupling above and below microstrip line.In general, the coupling up and down by two microstrip lines and limit
Coupling, realizes 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband in Fig. 3.
Conventional screw type coupler, comprising in each spiral coupling unit, microstrip lines spacing is constant, in principle and
Parallel-plate coupler is similar, the screw type coefficient of coup constituted, on whole coupling path, and the coefficient of coup is kept for one determine
Value, as shown in Fig. 2 for the screw type coupler of traditional structure, the equivalent structure of each spiral shape coupling unit 5,6,7,8, he
The coefficient of coup K1, K2, K3, K4 can be formed
Such a relation of equal quantity.So, it is theoretical it is recognised that such structure is to be difficult according to conventional coupler
Realize the coupling in broadband.
Different from conventional spiral shape coupler, in new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband of the present invention, two
The microstrip line of close-coupled forms multiple spiral shape coupling units of series connection in the shape of a spiral（Label 5,6 in such as Figure of description 3,
Shown in 7,8）, the coupling spacing and micro-strip line width of each adjacent spiral shape coupling unit be all different, be from external-to-internal by
Gradual change is small, and the spacing and line width of the main microstrip line of each section of mutual coupling inside each spiral shape coupling unit and secondary microstrip line can be with
Gradual change is different, so as to form the gradual change of the coefficient of coup and the difference of parasitic capacitance value, realizes whole each section of spiral shape coupler
Coefficient of coup gradual change it is adjustable, form structure as shown in Figure 3.From the point of view of the coupler principle of equal effects, two peripheral spiral shapes
The spacing of coupling unit is larger, and the coefficient of coup is smaller, and the spacing of the two spiral shape coupling units in center is smaller, realizes close coupling
Close, the coefficient of coup is larger.From the point of view of Fig. 2, the coefficient of coup of each spiral shape coupling unit 5,6,7,8 will realize that following equivalent is closed
System：
Analyzed from coupler principle, coupler structure as shown in Figure 2 realizes the coefficient of coup by external-to-internal
Gradual change so that realize coupler ultra wide band coupling.
At the same time, at the input/output port of the coupler, and each spiral shape coupling unit junction, all may be used
With shunt capacitance to ground, equally electricity can be passed through with flying capcitor between the major-minor microstrip line main body of the spiral shape coupler
Magnetic is emulated, and optimizes the coupling spacing and capacitor's capacity of each spiral shape coupling unit, and the ultra-wide working band needed for obtaining is led directly to
Port is identical with input signal with the RF/Microwave signal frequency that coupling port is exported, and realizes 3dB power deciles.In phase, directly
Go side mouthful differs 90 degree with the output signal of coupling port, realizes the structure converted between single-ended signal and orthogonal signalling.
According to the new integrated coupler principle of 90 ° of ultra-wideband of the present invention, we are by Electromagnetic Simulation, using ideal
Element design realizes a 8-30GHz 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, and its structure is as shown in Figure 4.
In Fig. 5,90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband that we are realized by electromagnetic simulation software are given, at us
Performance in required bandwidth of operation 8-30GHz.It will be seen that such as Fig. 5（a）It is shown, lead directly to output port 4 and couple defeated
The signal insertion loss of exit port 2 all in 3dB or so, meets the performance of our theoretical predictions.Such as Fig. 5（b）It is shown, straight-through defeated
Before exit port 4 and coupled output ports 2, Signal segregation degree has reached such a outstanding isolation performances of more than 30dB.
Such as Fig. 5（c）It is shown, for IQ orthogonal signalling, the mirror image rejection ability of 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband that we design,
More than 25dBc has all been reached in whole bandwidth of operation 8-30GHz.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of 90 ° of integrated couplers of new ultra-wideband, it is characterised in that including the main microstrip line intercoupled and secondary micro-strip
Line, one end of the main microstrip line is configured as the input port of coupler, another for receiving RF/Microwave input signal
End is configured as straight-through output port, for output signal；The coupling that one end of the secondary microstrip line is configured as coupler is defeated
Exit port, the other end is configured as isolated port, and the isolated port is connected with the load of 50 Europe, the input of the coupler
Mouthful, at straight-through output port and coupled output ports shunt capacitance to；The main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line shape in the shape of a spiral
Into multiple spiral shape coupling units of series connection, helical structure is realized by multi-layer metal structure to intersect to connect with external circuit
Connect, the coupling spacing of each adjacent spiral shape coupling unit is different or micro-strip line width is different, and for from external-to-internal gradually
Diminish, flying capcitor, the junction shunt capacitance of each spiral shape coupling unit between the main microstrip line and secondary microstrip line
To ground.
2. new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main microstrip line and pair are micro-
Equivalent electrical length with line is all 1/4 of the wavelength corresponding to center operating frequency.
3. new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each spiral shape coupling
The main microstrip line of each section of mutual coupling inside unit is different with line width gradual change with the spacing of secondary microstrip line.
4. new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main microstrip line and pair are micro-
Band line main body is belonged to same layer metal and intercoupled using limit coupling realization.
5. new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main microstrip line and pair are micro-
Band line main body is located at different layers metal respectively, is intercoupled while being realized using limit coupling and the coupling up and down of different layers.
6. new 90 ° of integrated couplers of ultra-wideband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each adjacent spiral shape coupling
The coupling spacing and micro-strip line width for closing unit are all different.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105280991B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-05-29 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Ultra-broadband digital phase shifter |
| CN105514539A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-04-20 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Ultra wide band constant-value phase shifter based on capacitive loads |
| CN110729545B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2022-03-11 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Coupler for communication system |
| RU2693501C1 (en) * | 2018-10-03 | 2019-07-03 | Акционерное общество "Микроволновые системы" | Spiral ultra-wideband microstrip quadrature directional coupler |
| CN216389681U (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-26 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Coupler for Wi-Fi6 chip and radio frequency source device |
| CN114421112B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-03-24 | 北京理工大学重庆微电子中心 | Ultra-wideband differential orthogonal signal generation network on high-integration-level chip |
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| CN103283086A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2013-09-04 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Directional coupler |
| CN103354302A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2013-10-16 | 天工方案公司 | Reducing coupling coefficient variation in couplers |
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| SE514767C2 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-04-23 | Allgon Ab | 4-port hybrid |
| JP4423830B2 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2010-03-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Multilayer directional coupler |
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| CN203707303U (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-07-09 | 南京米乐为微电子科技有限公司 | Novel ultra-wideband 90-degree integrated coupler |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1894823A (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2007-01-10 | 韦拉托内有限公司 | Bi-level coupler |
| CN103354302A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2013-10-16 | 天工方案公司 | Reducing coupling coefficient variation in couplers |
| CN103283086A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2013-09-04 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Directional coupler |
| CN202839906U (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-03-27 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | Microwave single-chip microcomputer numerical control phase shifter |
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Address after: 211100 9 Jiangning Road, Jiangning economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, China Patentee after: Nanjing Milewei Microelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Room 9426, China Wireless Valley Center Building, No. 9 Mozhou East Road, Jiangning Economic Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211111 Patentee before: NANJING MILEWEI Corp. Country or region before: China |
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