CN104764042B - Cooling gas flame stabilizing device for combustion chamber - Google Patents
Cooling gas flame stabilizing device for combustion chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104764042B CN104764042B CN201510149939.9A CN201510149939A CN104764042B CN 104764042 B CN104764042 B CN 104764042B CN 201510149939 A CN201510149939 A CN 201510149939A CN 104764042 B CN104764042 B CN 104764042B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a cooling gas flame stabilizing device for a combustion chamber. The cooling gas flame stabilizing device for the combustion chamber comprises a central nozzle, a cooling gas introducing unit and a plurality of peripheral nozzles, wherein the cooling gas introducing unit is arranged at the front end of the central nozzle, a small amount of cooling gas is introduced from a gas compressor, a combustion cylinder or an external gas source, and is finally sprayed out from an inclined hole or an inclined seam at the tail end of the outer wall of the central nozzle through a hollow pipeline in the outer wall of the central nozzle, a conical cooling gas flow with a fixed angle is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle, the gas flow replaces a traditional solid vertebral plate flame stabilizing plate, the gas flame flow of the central nozzle and the peripheral nozzles can be effectively separated, an expansion area is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle, the flow of the central nozzle is decelerated and pressurized, a stable backflow area is formed, and the flame stabilizing performance of the central nozzle is enhanced; the introduced cooling air flows downstream and finally participates in combustion, so that the waste of pure cooling air is reduced, and the overall performance of the combustion chamber is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, in particular to a cooling gas flame stabilizing device for a combustion chamber.
Background
Due to the increasing environmental requirements, premixed combustion is increasingly used in gas turbine combustors to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in recent years. In a typical combustor head configuration using premixed combustion, a central nozzle is typically centrally disposed and a plurality of peripheral nozzles are uniformly disposed around the central nozzle. The peripheral nozzles generally adopt a premixed combustion mode to reduce pollutant emission, the central nozzle adopts a diffusion combustion mode or a premixed combustion mode, and a stable flame is formed at the downstream of the nozzles and is used as a flame for generating the premixed flame by the peripheral nozzles, so that the premixed combustion is maintained.
The existing gas turbine combustion chamber is provided with a conical flame stabilizing plate at the downstream of a central nozzle so as to create a deceleration diffusion area to form a backflow area to stabilize flame. However, since combustion occurs inside the tapered flame holding plate and the temperature of the wall surface of the tapered flame holding plate is greatly increased, the wall surface needs to be cooled. In the patent US8113000, cooling gas is introduced to the outer side of the conical flame stabilizing plate to cool the wall surface, and when the performance of the combustion chamber is improved, the cooling gas amount of the conical flame stabilizing plate is increased, so that the combustion gas is reduced, and the change of the head flow distribution is caused.
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a combustion chamber cooling gas flame stabilizing device.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a cooling gas flame stabilizing device of a combustion chamber, which has a simple and compact structure, can reduce the consumption of cooling gas and improve the state combustion stability of the combustion chamber.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a cooling gas flame stabilizing device for a combustion chamber, which comprises a central nozzle, a cooling gas introducing unit and a plurality of peripheral nozzles, wherein the central nozzle is arranged on the central axis of the head of the combustion chamber, the plurality of peripheral nozzles are uniformly and annularly arranged outside the central nozzle, the outer wall of the central nozzle is a hollow pipeline, the tail end of the outer wall of the central nozzle is provided with an inclined hole or an inclined seam, and the front end of the central nozzle is provided with the cooling gas introducing unit.
Wherein the inclined holes or the inclined slits are inclined outward to eject the conical cooling airflow which is flared outward.
And the swirl angle of the peripheral nozzles is larger than that of the central nozzle.
The front section of the cooling gas introducing unit is communicated with a cooling gas source, the middle section of the cooling gas introducing unit is a contraction spray pipe or a Laval spray pipe, and the rear section of the cooling gas introducing unit is communicated with a hollow cooling gas pipeline on the outer wall of the central nozzle.
A pressurizing part is also arranged between the front section and the middle section of the cooling gas introducing unit; the ratio of the cooling air pressure in the front section to the cooling air pressure in the middle section is a subcritical value.
Wherein the laval nozzle produces a supersonic air flow.
Wherein the included angle between the inclined hole or the inclined seam and the central axis of the central nozzle is between 20 and 45 degrees
Wherein the aperture of the inclined hole or the width of the inclined seam ranges from 2 mm to 5mm.
Wherein, the area of the opening hole or the inclined seam of the end surface of the tail end of the nozzle accounts for 20 to 50 percent of the area of the end surface of the tail end of the nozzle.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: in the combustion chamber cooling gas flame stabilizing device provided by the invention, the cooling gas introducing unit is arranged at the front end of the central nozzle, a small amount of cooling gas is introduced from the gas compressor, the combustion cylinder or an external gas source, and enters the hollow pipeline in the outer wall of the central nozzle and is finally sprayed out from the inclined hole or the inclined seam at the tail end of the outer wall of the central nozzle, a conical cooling gas flow with a fixed angle is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle, the gas flow replaces the traditional solid vertebral plate flame stabilizing plate, the gas flame flow of the central nozzle and the peripheral nozzles can be effectively separated, an expansion area is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle, the flow of the central nozzle is decelerated and pressurized, a stable backflow area is formed, and the flame stabilizing performance of the central nozzle is enhanced; the introduced cooling air flows downstream and finally participates in combustion, the waste of pure cooling air is reduced, the overall performance of the combustion chamber is improved, in addition, the cooling design of the traditional flame stabilizing device is saved by adopting the structure, the structure is simple and compact, the service life of the head structure of the combustion chamber can be prolonged, and the adaptability of the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustor head incorporating a combustor cooling gas flame holder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a combustor cooling gas flame holder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a combustion chamber cooling gas flame holder of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a converging nozzle of the combustor cooling gas flame holder of the present invention, replaced with a laval nozzle.
In the figure, 1: a central nozzle; 2: a peripheral nozzle; 3; the outer wall of the central nozzle; 4; oblique sewing; 5; a cooling gas introduction unit; 6; a pressing member; 7; contracting the spray pipe; 8; a laval nozzle.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the combustion chamber cooling gas flame stabilization device provided by the invention comprises a central nozzle 1, a cooling gas introduction unit 5 and six peripheral nozzles 2, wherein the central nozzle 1 is arranged on a central axis of the head of the combustion chamber, the six peripheral nozzles 2 are uniformly arranged outside the central nozzle 1 in an annular manner, an outer wall 3 of the central nozzle is a hollow pipeline, an inclined hole or an inclined slit 4 (an outlet end of the hollow pipeline) is arranged at the tail end of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle, and the cooling gas introduction unit 5 is arranged at the front end (an inlet end of the hollow pipeline) of the central nozzle 1. Of course, the number of the peripheral nozzles 2 may be four or other number around the central nozzle 1 according to actual requirements.
Specifically, the front section of the cooling gas introducing unit 5 is communicated with a cooling gas source, the middle section is a contraction spray pipe 7, and the rear section is communicated with a hollow pipeline of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle; a pressurizing part 6 is also arranged between the front section and the middle section of the cooling gas introducing unit 5; the ratio of the cooling air pressure in the front section to the cooling air pressure in the middle section is a subcritical value; the Laval nozzle 8 generates supersonic air flow; wherein the inclined holes or slits 4 are inclined outwardly to emit a conical cooling air flow which flares outwardly.
In the above embodiment, the cooling gas introducing unit 5 may be extracted from the combustion cylinder or supplied by an external gas source, the gas is pressurized by the pressurizing component 6 and then enters the convergent nozzle 7, the gas flow is accelerated under high pressure, and finally is ejected out of the end of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle through the hollow pipe of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle at high speed, the high-speed gas flow rushes out a longer distance in the chemical reaction time due to a very high flow speed, so as to effectively separate the flow of the central nozzle 1 and the flow of the peripheral nozzles 2, and a backflow region is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle 1 to enhance the flame stabilizing performance of the central nozzle 1, and the gas flow finally participates in the combustion reaction at a certain distance downstream, so that the cooling design of the flame stabilizing structure is simplified, and no waste of the cooling gas is caused, thereby enhancing the combustion performance of the whole combustion chamber.
Preferably, the swirl angle of the peripheral nozzles 2 is larger than that of the central nozzle 1, and the flame sprayed from the peripheral nozzles 2 does not interfere with the cooling air sprayed from the outer end of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle.
Because the ratio of the cooling air pressure in the front section to the cooling air pressure in the middle section is a subcritical value, the flow velocity of the air flow ejected from the tail end of the central nozzle 1 is subsonic, although the velocity is higher, the combustion characteristic is not changed, and the combustion field is not essentially influenced.
Preferably, the included angle between the inclined hole or the inclined slit 4 and the central axis of the central nozzle 1 is between 20 degrees and 45 degrees, so that a better flame stabilizing effect can be achieved.
Preferably, the aperture of the inclined hole or the width of the inclined seam 4 ranges from 2 mm to 5mm; the area of the opening of the end face of the tail end of the nozzle or the area of the inclined seam 4 accounts for 20-50% of the area of the end face of the tail end of the nozzle, and the required flame stabilizing effect can be achieved with the minimum amount of cold air by limiting the width and the area of the inclined seam 4 or the inclined hole.
Generally, the flow rate of the cooling gas introduced by the cooling gas introducing unit 5 accounts for 2% -8% of the total flow rate of the combustion chamber, the cooling gas flow rate is low, the influence on combustion organization and distribution is small, and the cooling gas introducing unit can be directly applied to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine which is designed.
As shown in fig. 4, the convergent nozzle 7 of the above-described exemplary embodiment can of course also be replaced by a laval nozzle 8, by means of which laval nozzle 8 the flow rate of the cooling gas exiting the hollow duct can likewise be mentioned.
The working process of the cooling gas flame stabilizing device of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is as follows: the cooling gas introduction unit 5 may be extracted from the combustion cylinder or supplied from an external gas source; cooling gas is pressurized by a pressurizing part 6 and then enters a contraction spray pipe 7 or a Laval spray pipe 8, the gas flow is accelerated under a high pressure condition and finally is sprayed out of the tail end of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle at a high speed through a hollow pipeline of the outer wall 3 of the central nozzle to form a conical flame stabilizing gas flow, and a main flow enters from the central nozzle 1 and the peripheral nozzles 2 respectively and is finally divided into an inner flow and an outer flow by the conical flame stabilizing gas flow; the method has the following advantages and prominent technical effects: the flow velocity of the conical flame-stabilizing air flow is very high, the air flow rushes out a long distance in the chemical reaction time, the flow of the central nozzle 1 and the flow of the peripheral nozzles 2 are effectively separated, a backflow area is formed at the downstream of the central nozzle 1, the flame-stabilizing performance of the central nozzle 1 is enhanced, the air flow finally participates in the combustion reaction at the downstream of a certain distance, on one hand, the cooling design of a flame-stabilizing structure is simplified, on the other hand, the waste of cooling air is not caused, and therefore the combustion performance of the whole combustion chamber is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a combustor cooling gas flame stabilization device which characterized in that: the central nozzle is arranged on the central axis of the head of the combustion chamber, the peripheral nozzles are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the central nozzle in an annular mode, the outer wall of the central nozzle is a hollow pipeline, the tail end of the outer wall of the central nozzle is provided with an inclined hole or an inclined seam, the front end of the central nozzle is provided with the cooling gas introduction unit, the swirl angle of the peripheral nozzles is larger than that of the central nozzle, and the cooling gas introduction unit extracts air from the combustion cylinder or is supplied by an external air source.
2. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the inclined holes or the inclined slits are inclined outwards to spray conical cooling air flow which is opened outwards.
3. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the front section of the cooling gas introduction unit is communicated with a cooling gas source, the middle section of the cooling gas introduction unit is a contraction spray pipe or a Laval spray pipe, and the rear section of the cooling gas introduction unit is communicated with a hollow cooling gas pipeline on the outer wall of the central nozzle.
4. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 3, wherein: a pressurizing part is also arranged between the front section and the middle section of the cooling gas introducing unit; the ratio of the cooling air pressure in the front section to the cooling air pressure in the middle section is a sub-critical value.
5. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the laval nozzle generates supersonic air flow.
6. A combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the included angle between the inclined hole or the inclined seam and the central axis of the central nozzle is between 20 and 45 degrees.
7. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the aperture of the inclined hole or the width range of the inclined seam is 2-5 mm.
8. The combustor cooling gas flame holding apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the area of the opening hole or the inclined seam of the end surface of the tail end of the nozzle accounts for 20-50% of the area of the end surface of the tail end of the nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510149939.9A CN104764042B (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Cooling gas flame stabilizing device for combustion chamber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510149939.9A CN104764042B (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Cooling gas flame stabilizing device for combustion chamber |
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| CN104764042A CN104764042A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN104764042B true CN104764042B (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1918432A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2007-02-21 | 株式会社荏原制作所 | Combustion device |
| CN202253758U (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-05-30 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | Air swirler |
| CN103017203A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Fractional combustion chamber |
| CN204084463U (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-07 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | A kind of head of combustion chamber structure with cooling device |
| CN204717742U (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-10-21 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | The steady flame device of a kind of combustion chamber cold gas |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8393891B2 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2013-03-12 | General Electric Company | Distributed-jet combustion nozzle |
| US8113000B2 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2012-02-14 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Flashback resistant pre-mixer assembly |
-
2015
- 2015-03-31 CN CN201510149939.9A patent/CN104764042B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1918432A (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2007-02-21 | 株式会社荏原制作所 | Combustion device |
| CN202253758U (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-05-30 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | Air swirler |
| CN103017203A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Fractional combustion chamber |
| CN204084463U (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-07 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | A kind of head of combustion chamber structure with cooling device |
| CN204717742U (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-10-21 | 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 | The steady flame device of a kind of combustion chamber cold gas |
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Effective date of registration: 20191225 Address after: 102209 Beijing Changping District in the future of the national electric investment group Park in the future science city south of Beijing Applicant after: CHINA UNITED HEAVY GAS TURBINE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100084, Beijing, Haidian District science and Technology Park, Tsinghua Science and technology building, block C, 10 Applicant before: Beijing Huatsing Gas Turbine & IGCC Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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